综合英语Book V Unit 7[精]

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全新版大学英语Unit_7阅读教程翻译

不能就这样结束了那是个1月的夜晚，医院里异常安静，安静沉寂得像是暴风雨的前夕。

我站在七楼的护士值班室，看了一眼钟表，夜里九点了。

挂上听诊器，我朝712房间走去，这是位于大厅最底端的一间病房，里面有个新来的病人，威廉姆先生。

他孤零零一个人，对家人只字不提，很是奇怪。

我走进病房时，威廉姆先生期待地抬起了头，看到是他的护士，又垂下了双目。

我把听诊器贴在他胸前听了一听，心率强弱交替，跳动平稳，正是我想要的效果。

似乎看不出他几小时前曾突发过轻微的心脏病。

他在雪白的病床上抬起头。

“护士，你能不能……”。

他欲言又止，眼中噙满泪水。

我抚摸着他的手，等他说下去。

他擦掉泪水，说：“能给我女儿打个电话吗？告诉她我得了心脏病。

很轻的心脏病。

你知道么，我孤单一人，女儿是我唯一的家人了。

”他的呼吸骤然急促起来。

我把他的鼻插氧气呼吸器调高到8升每分钟。

“没问题，我会打给她，”我注视着他的表情回答。

他抓住床单，用力抬起身子，显得非常急切。

“能现在就打给她吗，越快越好，行吗？”他喘息起来，越来越快。

“我马上就打，”我拍着他的肩膀说。

我把灯关了，他闭上双眼，对于一位五十岁的人来说，这双眼睛还是那么的湛蓝。

712病房陷入了黑暗，只有水槽下的夜灯还开着。

我不愿独自丢下他，于是挪到窗边一个寂静的角落去了。

窗玻璃冷冰冰的。

向下望去，医院的停车场笼罩在薄雾中。

“护士，”他喊道，“能给我拿支铅笔和一张纸吗？”我拿来一张黄色的小纸片，从兜里掏出一支钢笔，放在了他的床头柜上。

我走回了护士值班室，坐在电话旁。

威廉姆先生的女儿是他资料表上的第一联系人。

我从问讯处查到她的号码，打了过去。

她回答的声音很温柔。

“珍妮，我是医院值班护士凯蒂。

我是替你父亲打来的。

今晚他患了轻度的心脏病入院了，他……”“什么！”她在电话里尖叫起来，吓了我一跳。

“他不会快要死了吧？”“他目前病情稳定，”我说，语气尽量听起来让她感到宽慰。

接下来一阵沉默。

“你千万不能让他死！”她说。

大学英语综合教程第三册 Unit7

Life of a Salesman
Betrayed by a crippled body that leaves him in continual pain, betrayed by a changing world that no longer needs him, Bill Porter each day trudges his door-to-door sales territory, set on making his
3.grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the text;
4.conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking, and writing activities related to the theme of the unit
Objectives The Author Cultural Notes Text Organization Language Study Writing Characteristics Activities After-text Exercises Writing Strategy
Part I
OStubdjeentcstwivillebse able to:
Unit 7 Making a Living
Text A Life of a Salesman
Text B Bricine
Part I Part II Part III Part IV Part V Part VI Part VII Part VIII Part IX
1.understand the main idea ( Bill Porter the salesman will never give in) and structure of the text (4 parts, 2 flashbacks);

大学英语综合教程第三册 Unit7 完整ppt课件

Life of a Salesman
Betrayed by a crippled body that leaves him in continual pain, betrayed by a changing world that no longer needs him, Bill Porter each day trudges his door-to-door sales territory, set on making his way in the world
Sunday, November 19, 1995
The portrait of Bill Porter
Part III Cultural Notes
Salesmanship: Sales promotion is an element of the marketing process that can close the sale of goods or services to a potential customer by providing the incentive to make a positive purchasing decision. Sales promotion, advertising, and salesmanship are the major techniques used in merchandising products to the public. Salesmanship often takes the form of a face-to-face encounter between the buyer and seller; the presentation is set up to convince customers that the product on sale is essential to their satisfaction. The lack of personal feedback between buyer and seller is sometimes considered a drawback of the advertising approach. Selling by telephone, although it is significantly less effective than personal selling, is still considered an important method of merchandising. In the 1980s, a growing promotional technique involved in-home shopping programs using cable television channels. In recent years with the help of the Internet online shopping is becoming popular.

综合实用英语教程Unit7

* Part II Oral Practice – Life scene
Section A
Dialogue 1 – Internet Tips: 1. I’d like to see a doctor. 我要看病。 2. What are your symptoms? 您有什么症状 ? 3. Let me check your temperature. 量一下体温吧。 4. Did you eat something unusual? 吃了什么不对劲的东西没有 ? 5. Let me check your blood pressure. 量一下血压吧。
综合实用英语教程Unit7
Unit 7
Part Ⅰ Thinking a Minute Part II Oral Practice Part III Understanding and Learning
* Part I Thinking a Minute
Create Your Own Luck We have to work hard and do what it takes to be in the way of luck and success when it comes. Otherwise, we’ll miss it because we weren’t ready. You never know when the right opportunity will come your way, and when the right, important person is watching your excellent attitude and work. That’s when you’ll get your lucky break! Just think a minute...

综合英语第二册Unit7讲义

综合英语第二册Unit7讲义Unit7QuoteHistories make men wise; poems witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend.—Francis Bacon历史使人睿智，诗歌使人智慧，数学使人细致，自然哲学使人深邃，道德使人严肃;逻辑与修辞使人善辩。

读史使人明智,读诗使人聪慧,演算使人精密,哲理使人深刻,伦理学使人有修养,逻辑修辞使人善辩。

史鉴使人明智；诗歌使人巧慧；数学使人精细；博物使人深沉；伦理之学使人庄重；逻辑与修辞使人善辩。

4. Questions about the text---What issues does the writer of the letter intend to deal with?---What is the main idea?----What’s the author’s purpose of writing?---How is the text arranged?What issues does the writer of the letter intend to deal with?---- How should students regard grades, both good and bad? Are grades as important as they are assumed to be? Do good grades necessarily lead to achievements and bad grades result in failure in a student’s later life?What is the text mainly about?------.The text is mainly about grades , disappointment and attitudes towards them by considering exactly what the grade B means and doesn’t mean. What’s the author’s purpose of writing?----to tell his student that he should view his grades and his disappointment correctly.What type of writing is this essay?-----argumentation.Apart from the first paragraph, the rest of the text falls clearly into three parts, each of which is marked at the beginning by a key word or words. Try to find these key words.----Paragraphs 2–5:Disappointment-----Paragraphs 6-8:The student as performer; the student as human being.-----Paragraphs 9-10:PerspectivePart 1 （paragraph 1）Understanding the paragraph:1) What does this part mainly talk about?2) What change about grades has the author mentioned briefly?3)What, according to the author, has caused the feeling of disappointment?4) Has the author stated his purpose of writing in this paragraph? If yes, what is it? If not, where is it stated in the text?Main idea of this part:It introduces the topic of the letter: grade B for the course and the feeling of disappointment.What change about grades has the author mentioned briefly?----The author has mentioned briefly the change in the way grades are regarded, i.e. the norm has shifted upward.What, according to the author, has caused the feeling of disappointment?-----It has to do with the general social climate where grades determine eligibility for graduate school and special programs. This is why the author says there is nothing he can do to remove the feeling of disappointment.Has the author stated his purpose of writing in this paragraph? If yes, what is it? If not, where is it stated in the text?----- The purpose of writing the letter is not stated in this paragraph. It is not specifically mentioned until the third paragraph.I’m certain that nothing I can say will remove that fe eling of disappointment, particularly in a climate where grades determine eligibility for graduate school and special program. (Paragraph 1)Translation:我肯定无论我说什么都不会消除你的沮丧心情，特别是在我们生活的环境中，考试分数直接决定你是否有资格读研究生和申请一些特别的学习项目。

[英语学习]全新版大学英语综合教程第三版学生用书翻译_Unit7

第七单元谋生课文A干挨家挨户上门推销这一营生得脸皮厚，这是因为干这一行不仅要经受风吹日晒还要承受一次又一次的闭门羹。

比尔·波特忍受着这一切，，以及别的种种折磨。

一个推销员的生活小汤姆·霍尔曼闹钟响了。

是清晨5：45。

他可以在被子里再躺一会儿，听听无线电广播。

天气预报员预报有雨。

人们会理解的。

这点他清楚。

他的下背有一道手术疤痕。

他右手的手指严重扭曲，连鞋带都没法系。

有时，他真想放弃不干了。

可在他内心深处，一直回响着已故老母的激励，还有那些说他蠢，说他不能独立生活的人的声音。

他一生都在拼命去证明他们错了。

他决不能放弃不干。

于是比尔·波特起身了。

他摇摇晃晃迈出了去波特兰大街的头几步，波特兰大街是他为独立与尊严而孤身搏杀的战场。

他是个挨家挨户上门推销的推销员，今年63岁。

他的敌人——背叛了他的残疾身体和一个不再需要他的变化着的世界——正一步一步把他逼向绝境。

他用颤抖的双手收拾行装：深色宽松裤，蓝衬衣和与之相配的茄克衫，褐色领带，土褐色雨衣和帽子。

在他看来，形象就是一切。

他在门口停了一下，提起公文包，走了出去。

秋风骤起，冷飕飕的。

天气预报员说得没错。

他将雨衣裹裹紧。

他把帽子往一侧微微一斜。

在街对面停靠的7：45那班公共汽车上，他把公文包放在司机身旁，在一群没精打采的十几岁的孩子当中找了个位子坐下。

他身子往前一倾，盯着司机那儿望，然后靠着椅背坐下，接着他又反复这个过程。

他心情紧张，控制不住自己而笑出声来。

那些孩子望着他。

他们不明白，波特是担心有人偷他的包，包里有他生存不可缺少的眼镜，宣传小册子，定单，以及可用别针别上的领带。

波特意识到了小孩子在盯着他看。

他把目光转向车厢地板。

他脸上没有流露出任何神情。

但在他心里，他知道自己早先也该像这些孩子一样’，像车上其他所有人一样。

他并不生气。

但他心里明白。

他母亲解释说生他时难产，医生使用了某种器械，损坏了他大脑的一部分，导致了大脑性麻痹，一种影响他说话，手部活动以及行走的神经系统的紊乱。

大学英语综合版学生用书第七单元unit7

⼤学英语综合版学⽣⽤书第七单元unit7Unit 7 The Glorious Messiness Of EnglishⅡ. History of Englishⅰ. The root of EnglishEnglish began as a west Germanic language which was brought to England by the Saxons around 400 A.D. Old English was the spoken and written language of England between 400 and 1100 A.D. Many words used today come from Old English, including man, woman, king, mother, etc. But Old English was very different from modern English and only a few words can be easily recognized. In the 9th and 10th centuries, when Vikings invaded England, Old Norse words, e.g.sky, take and get and many place names, entered the language.From the Norman Conquest (1066) until the late 12th century English was replaced as the official language by Norman French, though English was still used by the lower classes. English from about 1300 to 1500 is known as Middle English. It was influenced by French and also Latin in vocabulary and pronunciation. French brought many words connected with government, e.g.sovereign, royal, court, legal and government itself. Latin was the language of religion and learning and gave to English words such as minister, angel, master, school and grammar.Literature began again to be written in English during this period. One of the most famous Middle English works i s Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales.ⅱ. The development of Modern EnglishModern English developed from the Middle English dialect of the East Midlands and was influenced by the English used in London, where a printing press was set up by William Caxton in 1476. English changed a great deal from this time until the end of the 18th century.During the Renaissance, many words were introduced from Greek and Latin to express new ideas, especially in science, medicine and philosophy. They included physics, species, architecture, encyclopedia and hypothesis. In the 16th century several versions of the Bible helped bring written English to ordinary people. The Elizabethan period is also famous for its drama, and Shakespeare’s plays were seen by many people.The development of printing helped establish standards of spelling and grammar, but there remained a lot of variation. Samuel Johnson’s A Dictionary of the English Language (1755) was the first authoritative treatment of English. It defined about 40,000 words and gave examples of their use.By the 18th century American English was established and developing independently from British English. After colonists arrived in the US new words began to be added from Native American languages, and from Fren ch and Spanish. In 1783, soon after Johnson’s dictionary was published, Noah Webster’s The Elementary Spelling Book was published in the US. At first it used Johnson’s spellings, but later editions contained many of what have come to be known as American spellings, e.g. harbor and favorite.ⅲ. 20th Century EnglishDuring the 19th and early 20th centuries many dictionaries and books about language were published. New words are still being added to English from other languages, including Chinese (feng shui) and Japanese (karaoke). Existingwords gain new senses, and new expressions spread quickly through television and the Internet.English is now an international language and is used as a means of communication between people from many countries. As a result the influences on the English language are wider than ever and it is possible that World English will move away from using a British or American standard and establish its own international identity.Ⅲ. Winston Churchillⅰ. A Brief introduction to Winston ChurchillAs a politician, Winston Churchill is remembered as one of Britain’s greatest statesmen. He was the son of the Conservative politician Lord Randolph Churchill and his American wife Jennie. As a young man he served as a soldierin India and Egypt, and as a journalist in South Africa, before entering politics. Churchill became Prime Minister and Minister of Defence in 1940. His radio speeches during World War II gave the British people a strong determination to win the war, especially at times of great crisis. Examples of Churchill’s phrases still often quoted today are “I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat”, and “This was their finest hour”. The Conservative Party led by Churchill lost the election of 1945, but he became Prime Minister again from 1951 to1955 when he retired, aged 80. When he died in Jan 1965 he was given a state funeral.ⅱ. Chronology of Winston Churchill-- November 30, 1874Born Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill at Blenheim Palace, Woodstock,near Oxford.-- October 1, 1911Appointed First Lord of the Admiralty in Liberal government.-- April 30, 1915Failure of the Dardanelles Expedition, in World War I, led to his resignationas First Lord of the Admiralty.-- November 6, 1924Baldwin named him Chancellor of the Exchequer.-- May 10, 1940Appointed to head wartime coalition government.-- July 1945Lost general election.-- April 24, 1953Knighted by Queen Elizabeth II.-- December 10, 1953Awarded Nobel prize for literature in recognition of “historical works andbiographies as well as his brilliant speeches.”-- January 24, 1965Died in London; buried, following a state funeral, in the churchyard at Bladon,near Blenheim.ⅲ. A Video Clip about Winston Churchill(Directions:) Watch this video clip and answer the following questions.1.What do you learn from the clip?2.What do you think of Winston Churchill?Ⅳ. Julius CaesarJulius Caesar was the best-known of all the ancient Roman leaders, and the first one to land in Britain with an army.He did this twice, in 55 and 54 BC, although Britain did not become part of the Roman Empire until nearly a hundred years later.Ⅴ. VikingViking was a member of a people from Scandinavia who attacked parts of northern and western Europe, including Britain and Ireland, in the 8th to 11th centuries. In Britain they were also known as Norsemen. They settled on theScottish islands and in areas of eastern England, and the Danish king Canute ruled England from 1016. The Vikings were feared as violent and cruel, but they were also noted for their skill in building ships and as sailors. They had an important influence on English culture and the English language.Ⅵ. NormanNorman refers to any of the people from Normandy in northern France who settled in England after their leader William defeated the English king at the Battle of Hastings in 1066. The Normans took control of the country, a process known as the Norman Conquest. They used many of the existing Anglo-Saxon methods of government of the state and the church, but added important aspects of their own and made government much more effective. The language of government became first Latin, and then Norman French, and this caused many new words to be added to the existing English language.Ⅶ. William CaxtonWilliam Caxton was the man who set up the first printing firm in Britain. He printed his first book in 1474. By printing books in English, Caxton had a strong influence on the spelling and development of the language. Many of the books he published were French stories which he translated himself. Ⅷ. Otto JespersenOtto Jespersen was a Danish philologist, grammarian, and educationist. He promoted the use of the “direct method” in language teaching with the publication of his theoretical work How to Teach a Foreign Language (1904). Other books include his seven-volume Modern English Grammar (1909~1949).Ⅸ. RenaissanceThe Renaissance emerged in northern Italy in the 1300s when, not content with the abstract and highly subjective thinking of the Middle Ages, scholars turned for inspiration to the ancient Greeks and Romans with their love of earthly life. Italian architects rediscovered ancient construction techniques and incorporated Greek and Roman columns, arches, and domes into their public buildings. Instead of the flat, stiff figures of the Middle Ages, Renaissance artists portrayed rounded, flesh-and-blood people, people filled with emotions. To depict the world they lived in realistically, Renaissance artists developed linear perspective, which creates on a flat surface the illusion of depth. Renaissance scholars explored their world through mathematics, science, and engineering. Probably the most famous people of the Renaissance times are Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. By the 1500s the Renaissance had spread to Spain and the countries of northern Europe, where people sought to blend the intense interest in human affairs with spiritual ideals.Global ReadingⅠ. Part Division of the TextDetailed ReadingⅠ. Difficult Sentences1. (Title) THE GLORIOUS MESSINESS OF ENGLISH1) Translate the title into Chinese.2) What kind of rhetorical device is used in the title?( =1) 英语中绚丽多彩的杂乱⽆章现象.2) The rhetorical device used here is called oxymoron (⽭盾修饰法). An oxymoron puts two contradictory terms together to puzzle the reader, luring him/her to pause and explore why. Here “Glorious” is a commendatory(褒义的) term, while “Messiness” is derogatory(贬义的). As the reader reads on, he/she will know that English is messy, but the messiness reflectssome commendable qualities of English, such as tolerance, the love of freedom, and the respect for others’ rights. At this point the reader cannot but admire the author’s ingenuity.)2. (LL. 9~10) … which French kids are supposed to say instead –but they don’t.Paraphrase this part of the sentence.(= French children are expected to say the word “balladeer” instead of “Walkman” but they don’t say it.)3. (L. 14) Such is the glorious messiness of English.What can we know about the author’s attitude towards English from this sentence?(= He thinks much of it.)4. (LL. 20~21) The history of English is present in the first words a child learns about … (food, water).1. Paraphrase this part.2. Translate this part into Chinese.(=1) The history of English is revealed in the first words a child learns about …2) 英语的历史体现在孩⼦最先学会⽤来表⽰…的词汇当中。

大学综合英语Unit 7答案详解

Unit 7I. Vocabulary Analysis1. Phrase practice1. strap in= have the seat belt fastened on 系紧安全带e.g. Strap in, please, the plane is going to take off soon. 请系好安全带，飞机马上就要起飞了。

2. make a connecting flight= catch another flight to continue the journey 转机e.g. You don’t have to take a connecting flight anymore, which saves you three hours. 您不必转机，从而可以节省三个小时时间。

3. pull oneself together =controll one's feelings and began behaving calmly again 冷静，振作e.g. It is not the dead end, and you need to pull yourself together. 现在还不是结束，你要振作起来。

4. be indebted to= be very grateful to 感激于e.g. I am greatly indebted to you for what you have done. 对于您做的一切我无比感激。

Everyone should be greatly indebted to his parents. 所有人都应当感激自己的父母。

2. Word comparison1.swerve: if a vehicle or other moving thing swerves or if you swerve it, it suddenly changes direction, often in order to avoid hitting somethinge.g. Her car swerved off the road into a brick wall.turn: to change the direction in which you are facing or movinge.g. The path twists and turns for the next half mile.lunge: to make a sudden strong movement towards someone or something, especially to attack theme.g. The goats lunged at each other with their horns.scramble: if you scramble over rocks or up a hill, you move quickly over them or up it using your hands to help youe.g. Tourists were scrambling over the rocks,looking for the perfect camera angle.3.stricken: (adj.) suffering severely from the effects of something unpleasante.g. All the oil from the stricken tanker has now leaked into the sea.striking: (adj.) unusual or interesting enough to be easily noticede.g. There is a striking contrast between wealth and poverty in that country.struck: the past tense and past participle of strikestrike: to hit or fall against the surface of somethinge.g. She fell heavily, striking her head against the side of the boat.4.reassuring: if you find someone’s words or actions reassuring, they make you feel less worriedabout somethinge.g. It was reassuring to hear John’s familiar voice.recall: to bring the memory of a past event into your mind and often to give a description of what you remembere.g. The old man recalled the city as it had been before the war.remind: to make someone remember something that they must doe.g. The girls constantly had to be reminded about her chores.remove: if you remove something from a place, you take it awaye.g. He went to the refrigerator and removed a bottle of wine.5.equal: the same in amount, number or size, or the same in importance and deserving the same treatmente.g. All people are equal, deserving the same rights as each other.same: not a different onee.g. She sits in the same chair every night.similar: if one thing is similar to another, they have features that are the samee.g. The accident was similar to one that happened in 1973.equivalent: having the same amount, value, purpose, quality, etc.e.g. She’s doing the equivalent job in the new company but for more money.6.smell: the smell of something is a quality it has which you become aware of when you breathe in through your nosee.g. I love the smell of freshly baked bread.perfume: a liquid with a pleasant smell, usually made from oils taken from flowers or spices, which is often used on the skine.g. She adores French perfume.taste: the feeling that is produced by a particular food or drink when you put it in your mouth e.g. The medicine has a slightly bitter taste.freshness: being full of energy and enthusiasme.g. Marked by or possessing characteristics, such as vigor, freshness, or enthusiasm, that are associated with youth.7.screech: if a vehicle screeches, its wheels make a high unpleasant noise as it moves along or stops e.g. A van screeched onto the road in front of me.scream: when something makes a loud, high-pitched noise, you can say that it screamse.g. As he talked, an airforce jet screamed over the town.jolt: to move suddenly and violentlye.g. The train stopped unexpectedly and we were jolted forwards.cling: to hold someone or something tightly, especially because you do not feel safee.g. He wailed and clung to his mother.8.fateful: if an action or a time when something happened is described as fateful, it is considered to have an important, and often very bad, effect on future eventse.g. It was a fateful decision that the two great leaders met again.lucky: having good things happen to you by chancee.g. The lucky winner will be able to choose from three different holidays.indebted: being very grateful to someone for the help they have given youe.g. We are deeply indebted to Miss Wang.glamorous: if you describe someone or something as glamorous, you mean that they are more attractive, exciting, or interesting than ordinary people or thingse.g. The south coast is less glamorous but full of clean and attractive hotels .3. Synonym / AntonymGive synonyms or antonyms of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.1. Somehow I managed to unbolt the door and scramble out.Synonyms: open, unlock, unlatch, unchain2. In the next seat sat a young businessman who had been confidently working.Antonyms: hopelessly, unconfidently, despairingly3. Of course I never paid attention to this drill, always figuring that if we ever got to the point where we needed to use life jackets, I would have already died of terror.Synonyms: think, believe, imagine4. She must have seen how scared I was and reached over.Antonyms: unafraid, brave, bold, fearless, dauntless5. I loved her Southern drawl, her indiscriminate use of perfume, and her soulful squeeze. Synonyms: unselective, uncritical, random6. Among the many feelings going through my head during those excruciating minutes was pride — pride in how well everybody on board was behaving.Antonyms: enjoyable, comfortable, agreeable, pleasant7. He had been complaining that he wasn’t getting to see very much of me because of my book tour.Synonyms: grumble8. I felt almost tearful to be parting from the people whose lives had so intensely, if briefly, touched mine.Antonyms: lightly, barely, hardly, scarcely4. Word derivationFill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given word in the brackets.1. After all he has done for us, it would be very ungrateful of us if we didn’t do this for him now. (grateful)2. With the world’s population increasing at the present rate, by the year 2050 it is feared there will be a terrible food shortage. (short)3. Penellpe has unfortunately failed her driving test again. (fortune)4. This jewel is not simply valuable; it is invaluable. (value)5. This coat is too short for me. Do you think you could lengthen it a little? (long)6. The hurricane caused terrible destruction along the coast. (destroy)7. Without the timely help of the PLA men, a lot more people would have lost their lives in the earthquake. (time)8. It is said the 100% iron is rustless. (rust)1. grateful (adj.) 感激的，感谢的ungrateful (adj.) 忘恩负义的，讨人厌的ungratefulness (n.) 徒劳e.g. Nourish your life with a grateful heart. 用感恩的心来滋养你的生活。

新标准大学英语综合教程Book-Unit7教案

大学英语1课程教案Unit 7 Family affairsTeaching Content：The Pickle JarLesson Type: Intensive Reading (New Standard College English Book 1)Total Time: 4.5 HoursClass/Object : Freshman (the second term)Teaching Procedures:Step 1Starting Point(15mins)Work in pairs and talk about:●a person or an object which you associate with your family●how you felt when you started college●an occasion when you realized how much your parents loved youStep 2Introductory remarks (5mins)The Pickle Jar is from the book Chicken Soup for the Parents’ Soul. There are also books like Chicken Soup for the couples’ Soul, Chicken Soup for the teenagers’Soul, etc. The Chicken Soup (a home remedy for sick people) for the Soul is a series of books, which consist of inspirational stories and tell positive approaches to living and working. The books have become a major best-seller and something of a social phenomenon.Step 3 Comprehending the text (25mins)1. Do exercise 1(on page 86) as it is required.2. Skim the text, check the answers to the questions in exercise 1(on page 86) andanswer the following questions:a. What is the passage about?(Family love and continuity of family value).b. What kind of relationship did the writer have with his father?(They seemed to have a close relationship although the writer did not say thisdirectly. The father cared for his son and his education. They both shared somedeep feelings which they could not put into words.)Step 4 Analyzing the text (115mins)I. Understanding the chronological order in the story and deciding which are theWhen we use a word or phrase in a metaphorical way, we are using it in a way which has developed from its literal meaning. The literal meaning of the pickle jar is a container for preserved vegetables. Its metaphorical meaning represents the father’s love for his son, and the importance of education to give him a better, richer life.III. Language Points and difficult sentences in each paragraphParagraph 1(Let one student read it aloud first.)1. When he got ready for bed, Dad would empty his pockets and toss his coins into the jar.①“when” here means the actions are happening one after the other②toss n. to throw something somewhere gently, often in a rather careless way. 扔；抛；掷2. As a small boy I was always fascinated at the sounds the coins made as they were dropped into the jar. They landed with a merry jingle when the jar was almost empty. Then the tones gradually muted to a dull thud as the jar was filled.参考译文：小时候，我对那些硬币落在坛子里发出的声响总是很着迷。

综合英语Unit 7-2-Vocabulary共25页

Vocabulary
11.incumbency n. the period in office of an incumbent 任期
December 29, 2019
incumbent n.
the holder of an official position, esp. a political one 现任者，在职者
NAU
The Selling of the President
Unit 7 Book IV
12/29/2019
School of Foreign Studies
1
Vocabulary
3. supplant vt.
December 29, 2019
to take the place of, often unfairly or improperly
4
School of Foreign Studies
Vocabulary
12/29/2019
8. priority n. [U] (over) 1) the state or right of coming before others in position or time e.g. The badly wounded in the quake have priority for medical attention over those slightly hurt. We have a priority booking scheme for members of our club. 2) [C] sth. that needs attention, consideration, service, etc. before others e.g. You must learn to get your priorities right. (= deal with the most important things first) prior adj. prior to

全新版大学英语综合教程第二册第7单元课文详解

全新版大学英语综合教程第二册第7单元课文详解全新版大学英语综合教程第二册第7单元课文详解英语是世界上最广泛的第一语言，因此我们从小就开始学习英语，下面是一篇关于学习英语的.英语课文，欢迎大家来学习。

全新版大学英语综合教程第二册第7单元课文详解篇1Part I Pre-Reading TaskListen to the recording two or three times and then think over the following questions:1. What is the passage about?2. What's your impression of the English language?3. Can you give one or two examples to illustrate(说明)the messiness of the English language?4. Can you guess what the texts in this unit are going to be about?The following words in the recording may be new to you:eggplantn. 茄子pineapplen. 菠萝hamburgern. 汉堡牛肉饼，汉堡包Part IITextSome languages resist the introduction of new words. Others, like English, seem to welcome them. Robert MacNeil looks at the history of English and comes to the conclusion that its tolerance for change represents deeply rooted ideas of freedom.THE GLORIOUS MESSINESS OF ENGLISHRobert MacNeilThe story of our English language is typically one of massive stealing from other languages. That is why English today has an estimated vocabulary of over one million words, while other major languages have far fewer.French, for example, has only about 75,000 words, and that includes English expressions like snack bar and hit parade. The French, however, do not like borrowing foreign words because they think it corrupts their language. The government tries to ban words from English and declares that walkman is not desirable; so they invent a word, balladeur, which French kids are supposed to say instead — but they don't.Walkman is fascinating because it isn't even English. Strictly speaking, it was invented by the Japanese manufacturers who put two simple English words together to name their product. That doesn't bother us, but it does bother the French. Such is the glorious messiness of English. That happy tolerance, that willingness to accept words from anywhere, explains the richness of English and why it has become, to a very real extent, the first truly globallanguage.How did the language of a small island off the coast of Europe become the language of the planet —more widely spoken and written than any other has ever been? The history of English is present in the first words a child learns about identity (I, me, you); possession (mine, yours); the body (eye, nose, mouth); size (tall, short); and necessities (food, water). These words all come from Old English or Anglo-Saxon English, the core of our language. Usually short and direct, these are words we still use today for the things that really matter to us.Great speakers often use Old English to arouse our emotions. For example, during World War II, Winston Churchill made thisspeech, stirring the courage of his people against Hitler's armies positioned to cross the English Channel: "We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills. We shall never surrender."Virtually every one of those words came from Old English, except the last — surrender, which came from Norman French. Churchill could have said, "We shall never give in," but it is one of the lovely — and powerful — opportunities of English that a writer can mix, for effect, different words from different backgrounds. Yet there is something direct to the heart that speaks to us from the earliest words in our language.When Julius Caesar invaded Britain in 55 B.C., English did not exist. The Celts, who inhabited the land, spoke languages that survive today mainly as Welsh. Where those languages came from is still a mystery, but there is a theory.Two centuries ago an English judge in India noticed that several words in Sanskrit closely resembled some words in Greek and Latin. A systematic study revealed that many modern languages descended from a commonparent language, lost to us because nothing was written down.Identifying similar words, linguists have come up with what they call an Indo-European parent language, spoken until 3500 to 2000 B.C. These people had common words for snow, bee and wolf but no word for sea. So some scholars assume they lived somewhere in north-central Europe, where it was cold. Traveling east, some established the languages of India and Pakistan, and others drifted west toward the gentler climates of Europe, Some who made the earliest move westward became known as the Celts, whom Caesar's armies found in Britain.New words came with the Germanic tribes — the Angles, the Saxons, etc. —that slipped across the North Sea to settle in Britain in the 5th century. Together they formed what we call Anglo-Saxon society.The Anglo-Saxons passed on to us their farming vocabulary, including sheep, ox, earth, wood, field and work. They must have also enjoyed themselves because they gave us the word laughter.The next big influence on English was Christianity. It enriched the Anglo-Saxon vocabulary with some 400 to 500 words from Greek and Latin, including angel, disciple and martyr.Then into this relatively peaceful land came the Vikings from Scandinavia. They also brought to English many words that begin with sk, like sky and skirt. But Old Norse and English both survived, and so you can rear a child (English) or raise a child (Norse). Other such pairs survive: wish and want, craft and skill, hide and skin. Each such addition gave English more richness, more variety.Another flood of new vocabulary occurred in 1066, when the Normans conquered England. The country now had three languages: French for the nobles, Latin for the churches and English for the common people. With three languages competing, there were sometimes different terms for the same thing. For example, Anglo-Saxons had the word kingly, but after the Normans, royal and sovereign entered the language as alternatives. The extraordinary thing was that French did not replace English. Over three centuries English gradually swallowed French, and by the end of the 15th century what had developed was a modified, greatly enriched language — Middle English —with about 10,000 "borrowed" French words.Around 1476 William Caxton set up a printing press inEngland and started a communications revolution. Printing brought into English the wealth of new thinking that sprang from the European Renaissance. Translations of Greek and Roman classics were poured onto the printed page, and with them thousands of Latin words like capsule and habitual, and Greek words like catastrophe and thermometer. Today we still borrow from Latin and Greek to name new inventions, like video, television and cyberspace.As settlers landed in North America and established the United States, English found itself with two sources — American and British. Scholars in Britain worried that the language was out of control, and some wanted to set up an academy to decide which words were proper and which were not. Fortunately their idea has never been put into practice.That tolerance for change also represents deeply rooted ideas of freedom. Danish scholar Otto Jespersen wrote in 1905, "The English language would not have been what it is if the English had not been for centuries great respecters of the liberties of each individual and if everybody had not been free to strike out new paths for himself."I like that idea. Consider that the same cultural soil producing the English language also nourished the great principles of freedom and rights of man in the modern world. The first shoots sprang up in England, and they grew stronger in America. The English-speaking peoples have defeated all efforts to build fences around their language.Indeed, the English language is not the special preserve of grammarians, language police, teachers, writers or the intellectual elite. English is, and always has been, the tongue of the common man.全新版大学英语综合教程第二册第7单元课文详解篇2 Robert MacNeil罗伯特·麦克尼尔Winston Churchill温斯顿·丘吉尔(1874 — 1965，英国政治家、首相)Hitler希特勒(1889 — 1945，纳粹德国元首)Julius Caesar尤利乌斯·凯撒(100 — 44BC，古罗马将军、政治家)Britain英国India印度Pakistan巴基斯坦Viking(8 — 10世纪时劫掠欧洲西北海岸的)北欧海盗Scandinavia斯堪的纳维亚England英格兰William Caxton威廉·卡克斯顿(英国印刷商、翻译家)Otto Jespersen奥托·叶斯柏森(1860 — 1943)全新版大学英语综合教程第二册第7单元课文详解篇31. Read aloud paragraphs 17-19 and learn by heart.2. Read aloud the following poem:LanguagesCarl SandburyThere are no handles upon a languageWhereby men take hold of itAnd mark it with signs for its remembrance.It is a river, this language,Once in a thousand yearsBreaking a new courseChanging its way to the ocean.It is a mountain effluviaMoving to valleysAnd from nation to nationCrossing borders and mixing.3. Read the following quotations. Learn them by heart if you can. You might need to look up new words in a dictionary.The English language is the sea which receives tributaries from every region under heaven.—— Ralph Waldo EmersonLanguage ought to be the joint creation of poets and manual workers.—— Georqe OrwellEngland and America are two countries separated by the same language.—— Georqe Bernard Shaw4. Read the following joke and see if you can tell what caused the misunderstanding of the technician's words by the woman. You might need to look up new words in a dictionary.An office technician got a call from a user. The user told the technician that her computer was not working. She described the problem and the technician concluded that the computer needed to be brought in and serviced.He told her to "Unplug the power cord and bring it up hereand I will fix it."About fifteen minutes later she showed up at his door with the power cord in her hand.附上：大学英语作文Last summer, intolerable heat, so mom and Dad brought our family went to see the ice sculpture museum.As soon as we walked into the ice sculpture museum, we felt the chill of the inside, and I knew it was only minus six degrees Celsius. We're just like going into a big fridge. Ice sculptures in the ice sculpture hall are lifelike. It stood the ancient "Four Beauties": Sha Shi, Mochizuki Pipa Wang Zhaojun, Diao Chan, Yang dancing, all lovingly pathetic. The side see also the twists and turns of the bridge deck and handrails, sparkling, shining. There are all kinds of ice sculptures at the side of the bridge. It was found that the eaves of a unique Pavilion were flying, the pillars were beautiful, and the chairs were exquisite, so that people could not help sitting down and resting for a while. Cool air around the body around, make people feel comfortable.What impressed me most was the two high ice slide. The ice is as smooth as a mirror, and we "Hula" it slips underneath. My sister and I climbed up and down excitedly, screaming with excitement, even the coat was flying, and the clothes were soaked in.These vivid ice sculptures left a deep impression on me. The ice sculpture museum in the "barbecue day" is really cool and joyful!。

全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程 Unit7 Animal Intelligence

Before Reading
Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Supplementary Reading
Gorilla
Killer Whale English Song – Ben
Warm-up Questions
Animal Ranking
Listen to the following passage and fill in the gaps with the words you hear.
It’s the largest of the great apes. The male is heavily built and may stand 1.7m (5.5 feet) in height, with an arm spread of 2.4m (7.8 feet). It has a large _h_e_a_d with a short n_e__ck_ , a prominent (突起的) _m_o_u_t_h_ , thin _li_p_s , and small_e_a_rs_ . The female is
Senses: Habitat：
Gorillas have senses very similar to ours, including hearing, sight (they seem to be slightly nearsighted and have color vision), smell, taste, and touch.
— 1958 Michael Jackson was born.
— 1965 Michael joined his brothers in the Jackson Five.

全新版大学英语综合教程第三册教案 Unit 7

Unit 7Making a livingⅠ. Suggested Teaching PlanStudents will be able to:1.understand the main idea (Bill Porter the salesman will never give in) and structure of the text (4 parts, 2flashbacks);2.appreciate the characteristics of journalistic writing;3.grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the text;4.conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking, and writing activities related to the theme of the unit.1.T asks Ss the following questions on the song: (5 minutes)—Why does Onetta think it worthwhile to work hard day after day? (People need her; some people care for her; she keeps her integrity by working hard.)—Would you rather have a low paid job that is interesting or a well-paid job that is boring?2. Role play: Classroom salesman (25 minutes)1)T lets Ss read the title of Text A, then announces that the class is to do a role-play. One student will act asa salesperson. All other students will act as his / her potential customers.2)T appoints a student with a relatively advanced level of English to act as the salesperson. He / She willleave the classroom, think of a product to sell, and plan his / her sales talk. The product should be relevant to campus life.3)After the salesperson leaves the classroom, T selects several Ss at random. Only they can buy from thesalesperson. All other Ss must come up with an excuse not to buy.4)T invites the salesperson back into the classroom. He / she has 10 minutes to close a deal.5)Ss discuss with their neighbors the qualities of a good salesperson.3. T leads in to the text by saying: From the role-play we know the sale of goods is rather a difficult job. It iseven more difficult for a handicapped person, like Bill Porter in Text A. (1 minutes)1. Text structure (9 minutes)1) Ss scan the text to see if there is any natural division of parts in the text. (Asterisks divide the text into 4parts.)2)Ss read the first paragraph of each part, locate the time words or references to time. (They are: 5:45,7:45, “This is the moment he’s been preparing for since 5:45 a.m.”, after 7 p.m.)3)By then Ss will realize that the text is about a typical day of salesman Bill Porter.2.T explains language points in Parts I - II and gives Ss practice (see Language Study).(25 minutes)3.Ss re-read Parts I - II to find a flashback. Then, by reading the sentences preceding and following theflashback, they will see how skillfully it is woven into the narration. (10 minutes)4.T explains language points in Parts Ⅲ-Ⅳand gives Ss practice (see Language Study).(35 minutes)5.Ss re-read Parts III —IV to find another flashback. Then, by reading the sentences preceding andfollowing the flashback, they will see how skillfully it is woven into the narration. (10 minutes)1. Group discussion (25 minutes)1) Ss form groups to discuss the following questions:—What has Bill Porter been struggling for all his life? Do you think it is worth his efforts?—How do you feel about Bill Porter? Why?—What characteristics of journalistic writing do you find in this article?2)Some groups report to class.3)T explains in more detail the characteristics of journalistic writing (see Text Analysis).2.T guides Ss through some after-text exercises. (30 minutes)3.T checks on Ss’ home reading (Text B). (3 minutes)4.Ss do Part IV: Theme-Related Language Learning Tasks. (1 period)5.T asks Ss to prepare for the next unit: (2 minutes)1)do the pre-reading task;2)preview Text A.Ⅱ.Text AnalysisThis article first appeared in a newspaper; therefore it carries many characteristics of journalistic新疆医科大学外语教研室全新版大学英语三册教案Unit 7writing.First of all, a journalist tries to be objective in reporting. As a result, third-person narrative is usually preferred over first-person narrative. Moreover, the journalist would not make any comments to reveal his / her feelings, but simply give the facts.Secondly, an eye-catching beginning helps lure readers to linger more on the story out of an overwhelming number of stories offered by the day’s newspaper. For example, at the beginning of this story, we learn that it takes our physically deformed hero great efforts to get up so as to do something important, yet what is this something? We are kept in suspense until the fourth paragraph.Thirdly, the vocabulary is simple, the sentences and paragraphs short, sometimes elliptical (see after-text exercise on ellipsis). When needs (for emphasis, to list a series of rapidly conducted activities, etc.) arise, a paragraph is as short as one sentence.Lastly, conversations can be transcribed word for word if they illustrate the theme, like the one in the text between Bill Porter and his indecisive female customer.Ⅲ. Cultural Notes1. Salesmanship: Sales promotion is an element of the marketing process that can close the sale of goods or services to a potential customer by providing the incentive to make a positive purchasing decision. Sales promotion, advertising, and salesmanship are the major techniques used in merchandising products to the public. Salesmanship often takes the form of a face-to-face encounter between the buyer and seller; the presentation is set up to convince customers that the product on sale is essential to their satisfaction. The lack of personal feedback between buyer and seller is sometimes considered a drawback of the advertising approach. Selling by telephone, although it is significantly less effective than personal selling, is still considered an important method of merchandising. In the 1980s, a growing promotional technique involved in-home shopping programs using cable television channels. In recent years with the help of the Internet online shopping is becoming popular.The traveling salesman appeared late in the 19th century both in Europe and in the U.S. The early itinerant peddler carried his goods on his back or on his horse, working his way from a port city through the hinterlands. With the coming of the railroad and the assurance given to sellers by new credit-reporting systems, salesmen with their sample cases moved across the land. Persuasive skill was less important in those days of unsatisfied demand, and orders were readily forthcoming. By 1900, however, with the increasing supply of manufactured goods, buyers became more discriminating in their purchases. Greater attention was given to training the sales force and to providing buyer incentives. The growth of industrialization and urban living led to the development of merchandising as a major business endeavor. The use of sales promotion practices experienced steady growth in the 20th century.The techniques of sales promotion are used both to motivate salespersons to improve their performance and to induce consumers to purchase goods and services. Although sales promotion works most closely with advertising, it is also related to other elements of marketing: production services, packaging, price, anddistribution. At the manufacturing and wholesale levels of distribution, the methods used to motivate personnel to meet specific goals usually fall into two categories — sales incentive prizes (such as merchandise, travel, or cash awards) and sales contests. Both are based upon the salesperson reaching an objective above the normal sales quota.Consumer promotions encompass a wide variety of techniques, including sampling of goods or services, store redeemable “money-off’ coupons to encourage the trial of products, special price-reduced packages, mail-in premium merchandise offers, cash or coupon refunds by mail, special product packaging, contests, and sweepstakes. During recessionary periods, when the demand for consumer expendable dollars becomes more competitive, there is greater participation in refund, coupon, and premium offers. More than half the households in the U.S. take advantage of some sales promotion offers each year.Sales promotion, now fully recognized as a vital element in the marketing mix, has become a multibillion dollar industry. In recent years, sales promotion expenditures have exceeded monies spent on advertising and there are strong indications that this pattern of growth will continue to maintain its economic edge.Ⅳ. Language Study1. linger: 1) spend a long time doing sth.Examples: My daughter used to linger long over her meal.There will be no time to linger—the press conference will begin in a few minutes.2) stay for a long time, esp. because one does not want to leaveExamples:It is a dreary little town where few people would choose to linger.He was still lingering around the stadium long after the game was over.2. scar: a mark left on the skin by a wound, burn, etc. after it has healedExamples:It’s easy to recognize the little boy because he has a scar on his left arm.The witness told the police that the criminal had a scar on his forehead.vt. leave a scar onExamples: The burns were so severe that he will be scarred for life.Her face was scarred by smallpox.3.So, too, do the voices of those who...: The voices of those who ... also echo in his soul.4.dignity: the quality of being worthy of honor or respectExamples: A physician shall be dedicated to providing competent medical service with compassion and respect for human dignity.Some think that cloned human beings will be deprived of freedom or dignity or personalidentity.They hold on to the faith that the value of life depends on its dignity and not its success.5. cripple: 1) cause to become unable to move or walk properly新疆医科大学外语教研室全新版大学英语三册教案Unit 7 Examples:At the beginning of the year 2000 crippled children were on state lists to receive care.Peter’s father was crippled by a stroke.2) damage or harm (sb./sth.) seriouslyExamples: Shootings and robberies of tourists over the past several years had crippled the tourist industry in Miami. The terrorists’ attack has not crippled the US economy.6. betray: show a lack of loyalty to; give or show (sb. / sth.) to an enemyExamples:According to the Gospels of Matthew and Mark, greed made Judas betray Jesus to the chief priest for 30 pieces of silver.He was accused of betraying his country during the war.It turned out that he was an informer, and, betrayed the plan to the Germans.7.gain on: come closer to, esp. a rival or sth. pursuedExamples: Hurry up — they are gaining on us!She was gaining on her opponents throughout the race, but only overtook them at the veryend.8. tremble: shake from cold, fear, weakness, etc.Examples: Her hands grew very cold and trembled so that she could hardly hold the flag.Madison was extremely pale and trembled excessively as he began his inaugural address.For much of the day the pavements tremble from the weight of passing traffic.9. kick up: (cause to) riseExamples: The horses kicked up a cloud of dust.The boys kicked up the leaves that lay thick upon the ground with the coming of autumn.10. tilt: (cause to) move into a sloping positionExamples: The pilot can tilt the helicopter forward, backward, or to either side.In the northern hemisphere, the sun climbs high in the sky and the days are long in summer,when the northern end of the earth’s axis is tilted toward the sun.n.Examples: The Leaning Tower of Pisa is renowned for its marked tilt.The amount of daylight in a day varies throughout the year, based on the tilt of Earth’saxis.11. lean: (cause to) be in a sloping position; bendExamples: He leaned his bike against the wall.She leaned over the bridge to look at the boats passing beneath it.a. producing little of value; containing little or no fatExamples: The company has apparently recovered from several lean years.The recession and lean state budgets continued to trouble school officials.We like to eat very lean and tender meat.12. delivery: 1) the process of birthExamples: Women who do manual work have easy deliveries. In the end, it was an easy delivery: a fine baby boy.2) the delivering of letters, goods, etc.Examples: Federal Express Corporation provide rapid delivery of packages, letters, and other shipments within the United States and worldwide.Most newspapers offer home delivery.13. section: any of the parts into which sth. is dividedExamples: This article consists of ten major sections.Newspapers typically have sections for local news, sports, arts and entertainment, business,and classified advertising.14. disorder: disturbance of the normal working of the body or mind; lack of orderExamples: Severe vitamin and mineral deficiencies can lead to mental disorders.Acupuncture is an ancient Chinese practice that treats disorders by inserting needles under theskin.The school authorities took immediate action to stop campus violence and disorder.15. transfer: move from one place to another (usu. used in the pattern: transfer sth. / sb. (from...to))Examples: Transferring Peter from Tokyo to the Boston office was a smart idea.Power was transferred from the President to the Vice President while the President receivedmedical treatment.Commercial airports are designed to transfer passengers and freight to and from aircraft.Credits earned at junior colleges could be transferred to another institution where studentscould complete their final years of college.He was transferred from Crystal Palace to Arsenal for £ 2.5 million.16. limitation: lack of abilityExamples: Electric cars could travel only a short distance before they needed recharging, due to the limitations of battery technology.Acupuncture is good for some medical conditions but it has its limitations.As a student he recognized his limitations, but did little to improve himself.17. apply for: make a formal request forExamples: I applied for five jobs before I was offered this one.According to the school regulations students will have to apply for permission to studyabroad.18. representative: a person who represents othersExamples: Egypt, Israel, and the representatives of the Palestinian people will participate in negotiations on the resolution of the Palestinian problem.Representatives from more than 170 nations converged on Paris for the Earth Summit.19. literature: 1) printed material used to advertise or promote a product新疆医科大学外语教研室全新版大学英语三册教案Unit 7 Examples: My friend is sending me literature from two other companies that provide a similar service.There is quite a lot of literature available on the history of computers.2) writings that are valued as works of artExamples: Many readers consider the novel the most flexible type of literature.The graduate school offers ma ster’s or doctoral degree programs for advanced study insuch liberal arts and science fields as history, chemistry, physics, and literature.20. pledge: a solemn promiseExamples: They made a pledge to accomplish the task.The boy made a pledge to get st raight A’s at the end of the semester.vt.Examples: Member nations of the UN pledge to settle their disputes peacefully and to refrain from using force.They have pledged not to dump hazardous wastes into the river.21. retail: the practice of selling goods in small quantities to the general publicExamples: Wal-Mart is a company that operates a variety of retail chain stores.Department stores refer to large retail stores selling many different kinds of merchandisearranged in separate departments.22. transit: passage through or across; a system of urban public transportationExamples: Our fleet made the transit through the Panama Canal without any difficulty.The president wants to improve the nation’s highways and mass transit systems.23. strain: injure (the body or the part of it) or make it weak by too much effortExamples: Swimming does not strain joints and connective tissue as much as many other forms of exercise.He strained his back when he removed the piano with his friends.n. a severe demand on mental or physical strength, resources, abilities, etc. (followed by on) Examples: Some young white collar workers are complaining about their job strain.She has been under terrible strain since her company was bankrupted.The vast expansion in college education is putting an enormous strain on the system. eless: not fulfilling the intended purposeExamples: Preventing the country from purchasing oil crippled its army and made its navy and air force completely useless.Overpopulation and overcropping are turning approximately 14 million acres a year offormerly fertile land into barren and economically useless wasteland.25. limb: a leg or an arm; a large branch of a treeExamples: The small size and weight of dogs’ feet and limbs require less energy to move.No attempt should be made to move broken limbs until medical help arrives.The flag was hanging from the limb of a big tree.26. off balance: in an unsteady position or about to fallExamples: The motorcycle knocked him off balance and he fell down on the ground.The sudden pull threw me off balance.27. territory: land a country controls or ownsExamples: The government denies that any of its territory is under rebel control.A country’s embassy in a foreign country is considered its own territory.28. on the phone: be talking to sb. using the phoneExamples: Please wait outside for a moment; the manager is on the phone.She is always on the phone, wanting to know what her husband has been up to.29. register: 1) be recognized or noted mentallyExamples: On occasions what I said didn’t register in my daughter’s brain.The professor’s name didn’t register with the students.2) record a name, an event, etc. for official purposesExamples: The new students were told that they must register with the University before they could claim their grants.The newly purchased apartment is registered in her name, not her husband’s.30. laundry: clothes or sheets, etc. that have been or need to be washedExamples: The new model washing machine offers numerous settings for washing different types and quantities of laundry.A good deal of laundry had accumulated during the past two weeks, as our washing machinedidn’t work.31. profitable: bringing profit or advantageExamples: The trading department of the investment bank buys and sells securities when profitable opportunities arise.Based in New Y ork City, Random House owns many of the most prestigious and profitablebook publishing companies in the United States.The trade of opium, a highly profitable product for British merchants and eventually an illegalimport into China, led to the Opium Wars.I didn’t find the talk very profitable. On the contrary, I thought it was nonsense.32. off one’s feet: no longer standingExamples: After the operation the old man had to stay off his feet.The doctor checked his left foot carefully and said he would have to stay off his feet forabout two weeks.mission: money paid to sb. for selling goods which increases with the quantity of goods soldExamples: If a salesperson is paid on commission, the amount they receive depends on the amount they sell.Peter gets 10% commission on every photocopier he sells.新疆医科大学外语教研室全新版大学英语三册教案Unit 734. surgery: treatment of injuries or diseases by cutting or removing parts of the bodyExamples:People have practiced surgery since ancient times, but it did not become a respected science the 19th cent the 19th century.Surgery is the fastest and most effective treatment for tumors that are detected early. 35. be laid up (with): stay in bed, be unable to work, etc.Examples: Our math teacher has been laid up in bed with acute flu for a week.The football player was laid up with a twisted knee.36. signature:a person’s name written by herself or himselfExamples: In law, signatures are put at the end of a legal instrument to show that it is valid.A testator unable to write may make an X, and such a mark is considered a valid signature.37. in time: punctually, not too late; eventuallyExamples:The couple have just arrived in time for lunch.She set the alarm so she would wake up in time to go to school.38. go off: (of electric power, a light, etc.) stop functioning or operatingExamples: All the lights suddenly went off and the stadium was plunged into darkness.I didn’t sle ep well last night as all the heating went off.。

新标准大学英语综合教程第七单元reading-practise

新标准大学英语综合教程第七单元reading-practiseLTYou must have heard the saying, "You are what you eat." But did you know that what you think is equally as important? In fact, a positive outlook on life is one of the most important things we can do to keep our brain healthy and ready for learning. How we view ourselves, how we perceive the world around us, and how we interact with others can have profound effects on our overall well-being and on our brains. The good news is that all of these are completely within our control. No matter what challenges we face, we can choose to start each day by looking at the glass as half full, rather than half empty. The way you look at your life indeed plays an important role in your entire life.Research shows that older adults may naturally tune into the positive aspects of life. This could be because they want to make the most out of their remaining years and so choose not to focus on the negative. In fact, a study at Stanford University, which used a brain imaging technology called functional magnetic resonance (磁共振) imaging (FMRI) to track patterns of activity in the brain, found that older adults are more responsive to positive images than to negative ones.Compared to younger adults, people aged 70 to 90 showed greater activity in the amygdala (扁桃体)—the brain region central to emotional processing—when they looked at pictures of people expressing positive emotions versus negative ones. This finding demonstrates something psychologists and sociologists have long recognized: as we get older we tend to experience fewer negative emotions, and we are more likely to remember positive emotional stimulant. In other words, older people often tune out the negative, while focusing on the positive.1. According to the passage, we should________________ in order to keep our brainhealthy.A. do more research on the function of our brainB. do more physical exercisesC. hold a positive outlook on our lifeD. learn more and more knowledge2. Which of the following could NOT influence our overallwell-being and our brains according to the passage?A. How we perceive the world around us.B. How we do exercises.C. How we view ourselves.D. How we interact with others.3. What does the sentence "start each day by looking atthe glass as half full, rather than half empty" mean?A. We should hold a positive attitude toward our life.B. We should do more research before giving theconclusion.C. We should look into the essence throughphenomenon.D. We should not only focus on the appearance.4. According to the research, ________________ tend totake a positive view on life.A. youthB. middle-aged personC. older adultsD. children5. What is the role of amygdala in our body?B. sandwichesC. those wordsD. starving souls10. In the end the woman laughed and________________.A. felt happy to accept the author's helpB. was pleased to have something to eatC. found the author's words funnyD. refused to accept the author's helpQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage or dialog.In criminal law, parole refers to the release of a person convicted of crime from imprisonment before the expiration of the term of confinement on condition that a pledge (保证) of good conduct is given by the criminal.The word parole is also broadly used to denote such a conditional release or period of liberty. Parole is usually granted to a prisoner in recognition of past good conduct, both in prison and earlier. A sentenced criminal may be released on parole before the maximum limit of the prison term has been reached, either on the expiration of the minimum term or some other shorter term fixed by statute on condition of good behavior.The release in such case is not an absolute discharge, such as that received as a matter of right on the expiration of the full term, but is conditional on the due performance of the parolee's pledge.During the parole period the parolee is required to report from time to time to prison authorities or to a parole officer whose custody he or she was assigned when released. Other stipulations (约束) of parole include avoidingassociation with known criminals and remaining within a certain locality. For a violation of parole within the time limit, the parolee is liable to be apprehended and returned to prison to serve out the full or maximum term.11. According to the passage, what does "parole" mean?A. The release of a prisoner after serving out the fullterm.B. The release of a prisoner after he has made thispromise of good behavior.C. The release of a prisoner after he has helpedsomeone in the prison.D. The release of a prisoner after he has made seriousmistakes.12. A sentenced criminal may be released on parole on________________.A. the expiration of the minimum termB. the expiration of the maximum termC. the expiration of the full termD. the expiration of the ten-year term13. Which of the following statements is true?A. Parole is an absolute discharge.B. Parole is the final goal for the prisoners.C. Parole is the conditional release for the prisoners.D. Parole can be got by all the prisoners.14. During the parole period, the parolee is required to________________.A. report from time to time to the prison authoritiesB. live in another city far from the prisonC. regain the association with known criminalsD. go back to the prison once a month15. If the parolee committed a crime again within the timelimit, he should ________________.A. be sentenced to deathB. be controlled by the local government and waitedfor the final judgeC. be forced to go abroadD. be arrested and returned to the prison to serve outthe full or maximum termQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage or dialog.Crime is on the increase in America, and throughout the world. The number of burglars, auto thieves, robbers, purse snatchers, etc., is growing at an alarming rate. Now you, as a resident, working with neighbors can help reduce the crime rate.How? By organizing and/or joining a neighborhood program in which you and your neighbors get together to learn how to protect yourselves, your family, your home and your property. Working together, you can get the criminals off your block and out of your area."Citizens Safety Projects" are set up to help you do this. It is a joint effort between private citizens and local police. Such programs have been started all over the country. Maybe one already exists in your community.These organizations do not require frequent meetings (once a month or so). They do not ask anyone to take personal risks to prevent crime. They leave the responsibility for catching criminals where it belongs—with the police.These groups gather citizens together to learn crimeprevention from local authorities. You cooperate with your neighbors to report suspicious activities in the neighborhood, to keep an eye on homes when the resident is away, and to keep everyone in the area mindful of the standard precautions for property and self that should always be taken.It is easy to get your group started. All you have to do is contact your neighbors and arrange a date, place and time for the first meeting. Hold the meetings at your home or that of a neighbor. Try to plan a time that is convenient to most of your neighbors—preferably in the evening.Then call your local police department. They will be happy to give your group informal lectures and free literature. Remember, police officers cannot be everywhere. Your cooperation with them is for the benefit of you, your family, and your neighborhood.16. "Citizen Safety Projects" are established for thepurpose of ________________.A. dealing with the unpleasant trifleB. holding a splendid performanceC. exchanging useful information among the neighborsD. learning how to protect the neighborhood17. Which of the following statements is true about the"Citizen Safety Groups"?A. All the members should attend the meetingsfrequently.B. The members may be asked to take personal risk toprevent crime.C. It is a joint effort between big companies and localpolice.D. It still leaves the responsibility for catchingcriminals to the police.18. What is NOT the responsibility for "Citizen SafetyGroup"?A. The members should report suspicious activities inthe neighborhood.B. The members should keep everyone in the areamindful of the standard precautions.C. The members should help every family in the area toset up alarming rings.D. The members should keep an eye on homes whenthe resident is away.19. The local police department will ________________to help you start the citizen safety groups.A. give informal lectures and free literatureB. arrange the date, place and time for the meetingC. select some professional workersD. invite the local government20. What is the main idea of this passage?A. People all over the country should hold a campaignto fight against burglars.B. Cooperating with your neighbors can help reducethe crime rate.C. The government should pass a law to control thecrime.D. The police department has to select special peopleto help them.Part 1 Multiple choices (每小题: 1 分; 满分：20 分)小题得分对错我的答案客观1. 1 C C2. 1 B B3. 1 A A4. 1 C C5. 1 D D6. 1 C C7. 1 A A8. 0 B A9. 1 C C10. 1 D D11. 1 B B12. 1 A A13. 1 C C14. 1 A A15. 1 D D16. 1 D D17. 1 D D18. 1 C C19. 1 A A20. 1 B B。

综合英语教程第三版Unit-7PPT课件

2. Expressions for trades and professions:
education, science, politics, farming, business, trade, medicine, manual labor, journalism, advertising, the army, the police, industry, banking, transportation
❖ Undaunted: not afraid of continuing to try to do sth in spite of difficulties or danger 顽强 e.g. Undaunted by his first setback, he decided to try once more. What an undaunted girl!
❖ Indebted adj. owing money to someone 负债的
e.g. The restaurant is heavily indebted to the bank.
.
12
❖ anonymous 1) (of a person 人) with a name that is not known or that is not made public 不知姓名的；名字不公开的
pack him off: (informal) to send someone to stay somewhere for a period of time e.g. My parents used to pack us off to camp every summer.
.
9
❖ calling 1 profession; trade 职业; 行业

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b. evidence 2: the fault of students’ wrong concepts about themselves lies with the teachers, parents, or administrators but not with the gifted grouping itself (8 – 9)
I. Library Work
The IQ score is an operational, manifest, observable, and measurable representation of intelligence. A person’s IQ score represents his standing in relation to other people of his age group. The following is a table of IQ ratings:
I. Library Work
IQ scores 130 or more 120 – 129 110 – 119 90 – 109 80 – 89
Description Very superior Superior Bright normal Average Dull normal
II. Organization of the Text
A. opposing view 1: fears of creating a caste of intellectual snobs on the part of the gifted and a sense of inferiority on the part of the less gifted (Paragraph 5)
Unit Seven
Text I Grouping the Gifted: Pro
I. Library Work
IQ is the abbreviation of “Intelligence Quotient”, which is a number used to express the apparent relative intelligence of a person determined by dividing his mental age as reported on a standardized test by his chronological age and multiplying the result by 100.
I. Library Work
Intelligence is a hypothetical construct used to describe individual differences in an assumed latent variable that is, by any direct means, unobservable and immeasurable. In its popular usage, the concept of the intelligence refers to variations in the ability to learn, to get along in society, and to behave
B. author’s refutation by pointing out the erroneous notions: such fears are groundless (Paragraphs 6 – 9)
II. Organization of the Text
a. evidence 1(personalized evidence): years of practice and amount of “gifted grouping” yield no negative results (6 – 7)
II. Organization of the Text
C. opposing view 2: gifted grouping yields no significant achievement (10)
D. author’s refutation by finding fault with the opposing party’s supporting evidence (11 – 15)
I. Library Work
according to contemporary social expectations. Behavioral scientists, psychometrists, and educators will frequently describe individuals with reference to the intelligence quotient that is derived from standardized tests of intelligence.
a. evidence 1: their supporting evidence against grouping is based on IQ scoreபைடு நூலகம், which are far from reliable (11)
II. Organization of the Text
b. evidence 2: no reliable devices exist for measuring growth in such areas as creativity, attitudes, personal adjustment, latent interest and talent, and innate capacity and IQ scores measure only mastery of factual detail (12)