病理生理学名词中英文对照

病理生理学名词中英文对照

病理生理学pathophysiology

脑死亡brain death

临终关怀hospice care 水电解质代谢紊乱

脱水dehydration

低渗性脱水hypotonic dehydration 高渗性脱水hypertonic dehydration 等渗性脱水isotonic dehydration 水中毒water intoxication

水肿edema

全身性水肿anasarca 滤过分数filtration fraction

潴留retention

低钾血症hypokalemia

反常性酸性尿paradoxical acidic urine 高钾血症hyperkalemia

反常性碱性尿paradoxical alkaline urine

酸碱平衡紊乱

挥发酸volatile acid

固定酸fixed acid

标准碳酸氢盐standard bicarbonate,SB 实际碳酸氢盐actual bicarbonate,AB 缓冲碱buffer base，BB

碱剩余base excess,BE 阴离子间隙anion gap，AG

代谢性酸中毒metabolic acidosis 乳酸酸中毒lactic acidosis

酮症酸中毒keto-acidosis

呼吸性酸中毒respiratory acidosis

慢性阻塞性肺病chronic obstructive pulmonary disease，COPD

肺性脑病pulmonary encephalopathy 代谢性碱中毒metabolic alkalosis

盐水反应性碱中毒saline-responsive alkalosis

盐水抵抗性碱中毒saline-resistant alkalosis

呼吸性碱中毒respiratory alkalosis

双重性酸碱失衡double acid-base disorders 缺氧

缺氧hypoxia

血氧分压partial pressure of oxygen，PO2 血氧容量oxygen binding capacity，CO2max 血氧含量oxygen content，CO2

低张性缺氧hypotonic hypoxia

乏养性缺氧hypoxic hypoxia

发绀cyanosis

血液型缺氧hemic hypoxia

等张性缺氧isotonic hypoxia 碳氧血红蛋白carboxyhemoglobin，HbCO 高铁血红蛋白methemoglobin，HbFe3+OH 肠源性发绀enterogenous cyanosis

循环性缺氧circulatory hypoxia

低动力性缺氧hypokinetic hypoxia

缺血性缺氧ischemic hypoxia

组织性缺氧histogenous hypoxia

氧利用障碍性缺氧dysoxidative hypoxia 高原肺水肿high altitude pulmonary edema

周期性呼吸periodic breat

发热

发热fever 过热hyperthermia 视前区下丘脑前部preoptic anterior hypothalamus，POAH

内毒素endotoxin，ET

致热原pyrogen

中杏仁核medial amygdaloid nucleus

稽留期fastigium

腹中隔ventral septal area，VSA

前列腺素prostaglandin，PG

热限febrile ceiling

应激

应激stress

良性应激eustress 劣性应激distress 交感-肾上腺髓质系统sympathetic-adrenal medulla system

去甲肾上腺素norepinephrine，NE

应激性溃疡stress ulcer

肠易激综合征irritable bowel syndrome，糖皮质激素glucocorticoid，GC

蓝斑locus ceruleus 边缘系统limbic system

室旁核paraventricular nucleus

抗利尿激素antidiuretic hormone，ADH 急性期反应蛋白acute phase protein，AP

下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质系统hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal cortex system，HPA

缺血-再灌注损伤

缺血-再灌注损伤ischemia-reperfusion injury，IRI

缺血后适应postconditioning

氧自由基oxygen free radical

黄嘌呤氧化酶xanthine oxidase，XO

黄嘌呤脱氢酶xanthine dehydrogenase，XD 呼吸爆发respiratory burst

氧爆发oxygen burst 脂质过氧化lipid peroxidation

钙超载calcium overload

心肌顿抑myocardial stunning

再灌注心律失常reperfusion arrhythmia 胀亡oncosis

休克

休克shock

虚脱collapse

脓毒性休克septic shock 过敏性休克anaphylactic shock

脓毒症sepsis

低血容量性休克hypovolemic shock 血管源性休克vasogenic shock

微循环microcirculation

一氧化氮nitric oxide，NO

休克代偿期ischemic anoxia phase 休克失代偿期decompensatory stage 淤血性缺氧期stagnant anoxia phase 白细胞滚动rolling

微循环衰竭期microcirculatory failure phase

无复流现象no-reflow phenomenon

全身炎症反应综合征systemic inflammatory response syndrome，SIRS 急性呼吸窘迫综合征acute respiratory

distress syndrome，ARDS

休克肺shock lung

多器官功能障碍综合征mutilple organ dysfunction syndrome，MODS 抗凝血平衡紊乱

纤溶酶原激活物plasminogen activator，PA

弥漫性血管内凝血disseminated intravascular coagulation，DIC

裂体细胞schistocyte

微血管病性溶血性贫血microangiopathic hemolytic anemia