写作指导-山阳中学- Is it a good idea to keep pet dogs

Topic: Is it a good idea to keep pet dogs?
Show your opinion, reasons and supporting details.
依托教材，指导写作
牛津教材中的写作安排形式多样，我们教师应该借助好教材，发展学生语言知识运用的能力、培养学生的自主写作能力、提高学生的书面交际能力，从而达成有效的写作指导。

学生通过对阅读文章的分析，可以培养构建学生理解篇章的能力，揣摩出作者的意图，把握文章的整体框架结构，为英语写作准备必要的技能。

英语阅读与写作整合后的教学模式有很多，如写读后笔记，扩写和缩写，续写，仿写等，其中仿写和改写训练应该更有效。

学生模仿范文，使用经过训练的句式尝试写出相似类型的文章，帮助实现写作能力的迁移。

教材中有些课文段落的句子结构和顺序，以及词语都是雷同的，非常适合仿写，例如：在学完教材9A Module1 Unit3 Pets后，我就让学生根据文本“Is it a good idea to keep pet dogs？”试着仿写短文：“Is it a good idea to use computers？”。

文中Emma's or Matt's opinions on keeping pet dogs 观点、理由都非常清晰，学生能够理解并模仿去写作。

如以Emma's opinion为例，作者用了总分总的常用写作结构，先用一二句话描绘观点的总体界定，如Keeping pet dogs is a good idea.,中间陈述观点的理由，First, dogs are really cute. Second, we can
learn about responsibility from keeping pet dogs. What's more, we can also learn about
life and death from dogs. Finally, a dog will love you faithfully for many years.然后用
supporting details来support reasons,文章最后Keeping pet dogs is something everyone can enjoy.做到首尾呼应。

在阅读文本中，我们要充分挖掘文本中的素材为写作服务，如词汇与句型be allowed to, see sb. doing, stop...from, as a result, It's 形to do sth.,
learn how to care for others, have no choice but to do等等，关联词as a result, first,
second, what's more, finally等。

在写作过程中，要做好
1. 写前准备。

学生在老师的指导下审题，通过小组讨论等方式主动地获取素材信息，进行构思并列出写作提纲。

具体的教学活动为：
1) 给出题目：Is it a good idea to keep pet dogs?
2) 课堂上，组织全班学生进行头脑风暴和以小组讨论的形式收集信息。

3) 课堂上，学生独立把所收集的信息整理成句。

2．自主写作。

学生集思广益，交流所写的句子，整理思路，整合信息，独立完成
初稿。

3．写后修改
初稿完成后，学生在老师指导下与同学进行小组或结对讨论，然后根据老师、同学的意见，单独或与其他小组成员一起就作文的布局、语法、拼写、标点符号等方面进行讨论修改，完善自己的写作。

学生修改作文时，教师可以利用more practice中的好词好句和学生已学过的比较好的词汇句型进行指导，如：It’s 形to do sth., It’s common knowledge that …, the number of 名词（复数）, That’s why, all over the world, convenient, all the time, become 形容词比较级+形容词比较级, share … with each other，let sb. do，promise to do,
something +形容词, in return, so that等，关联词in fact, at the same time, however, more importantly, for example, therefore, in a word …
修改分析时教师可以呈现学生写的一些好句，如
1.If you have a dog, you have to spend some time walking outside with it every day,
it's a way to keep you healthy.
2.A pet dog can not only bring happiness to people but also make them relax.
Sometimes they are so important than I consider them as my family members.
3.I believe we will have a more enjoyable life with a lovely pet dog.
4.It's hard to say keeping pet dogs at home is good or not.
5.Pet dogs sometimes can bring people, especially the old much joy and happiness.
6.Keeping pet dogs is a good way to establish your feeling of responsibility.
还要呈现学生写作中易犯的错误,如：
1.I think keep pet dog is a good idea.
2.When you friendly to pet dogs, it will love me faithfully.
修改前作文：
As we all know, keeping pets is good for us. So I keep a pet dog. There are lots of advantages of keeping pets. For example, when I am sad, it can make me feel happy. It loves me faithfully. If the old feel lonely, they will help them to forget lonely and feel happy every day. In a word, if we keep pet dogs, our lives will become good.
杨永一
Dogs are very cute and clever. Keeping dogs as pets is a good idea. Although they are trouble-makers, they are very good friends. When we are unhappy, they can play with us in order to make us feel happy. And we can learn about responsibility, life and death from them. So I think keeping pet dogs is good, but if we want to keep them well, we must make dogs feel happy and free.
邬佳怡
I think keeping pet dogs is a good idea. First, they are cute and friendly to us. Second, some pet dogs will jump up and down to make us feel happy. More importantly, it’s good for us to learn about responsibility from keeping pets. Its faith is also a good reason. So keeping pet dogs is something everyone can enjoy.
郁家栋
Nowadays pets are very popular among people. But I think it’s not a good idea to keep a pet dog. First, pets create lots of mess and many p eople don’t do well in dealing with it. So our city will be dirty. Second, pets are noisy. For example, some dogs bark all night. This stops the people around from having a good rest. So I think we should give animals freedom which really need. In a word, we shouldn’t keep pet dogs at home.
谢孙弢
修改后作文：
It’s common knowledge that keeping pet dogs is good for us. Pet dogs are so clever that they can understand their owners’ feelings. For example, when we feel lonely, we can play with them and share happiness. What’s more, dogs will love us all the time. And the better we treat them, the more faithful they will be. That’s why keeping pet dogs becomes more and more popular throughout the world.
杨永一
As we all know, dogs are very cute and clever. So I think keeping pet dogs is a good idea. If we are friendly to them, they will love us faithfully in return. When we are unhappy, they can play
with us in order to make us feel happy. So we can keep some homeless dogs as pets so that they can live happily and free. In conclusion, if we make friends with dogs, the world will become more and more beautiful.
邬佳怡
I think the number of keeping pet dogs is becoming larger and larger. Because dogs are very cute, it is not surprising that they can be loved by many people. Besides, keeping pet dogs can bring people much happiness. What’s more, we can learn how to respect all living things and become more responsible people. All in all, keeping pet dogs is so interesting that everyone can enjoy.
郁家栋
In my opinion, it isn’t a good idea to keep a pet dog. First, pet dogs create a lot of mess, but some owners don’t do well in dealing with it. As a result, our city is getting dirtier and dirtier. Second, pet dogs may affect people. For example, some dogs bark all night. They make such a noise that people around them can’t get any rest. Finally, the most importa nt reason is that we should give animals freedom which they really need. In conclusion, I suggest that we shouldn’t keep pet dogs. 谢孙弢
学生在这个过程中形成自己的观点，思考，修改自己的作品。

学生是整个写作过程的主体，其自主写作的能力在写作过程中得到了培养和提高。

总之，写作是一个循序渐进的过程，每个阶段都有每个阶段不同的要求，需要付出艰辛的汗水，需要拥有有效性的写作教学策略和长期的训练，这样才能使学生驾驭语言的能力有进步，有效地提升英语写作的水平。

当然，以上只是我在教学实践过程中的浅显感受，初中英语写作指导的有效性需要更多的教育同仁不断地探索、不断地完善和发展。