2010政府工作报告英文

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2010年政府工作报告

2010年政府工作报告政府工作报告——2010年12月27日在平凉市崆峒区第十六届人民代表大会第五次会议上区长孟小金各位代表：现在，我代表区人民政府向大会作政府工作报告，请予审议，并请各位政协委员和列席人员提出意见和建议。

“十一五”经济社会发展回顾“十一五”时期，是我区经济社会发展非常关键和极不平凡的五年，我们既经历了“5·12”地震和“7·22”大暴雨等多种自然灾害影响，以及国际金融危机波及效应的严重冲击，也迎来了国家深入推进西部大开发、支持甘肃发展、实施扩大内需政策和灾后恢复重建等难得的历史机遇。

五年来，在市委、市政府和区委的坚强领导下，在区人大、区政协的监督支持下，区政府团结带领全区广大干部群众，坚持以科学发展观为统揽，以建设工贸旅游强区为目标，坚定信心，抢抓机遇，团结拼搏，迎难奋进，干成了一批大事，攻克了一批难事，办成了一批实事，圆满完成了“十一五”规划确定的目标任务，经济社会发展取得了令人鼓舞的重大历史性成就，呈现出科学发展、和谐发展的良好局面。

——五年来，我们积极应对复杂多变的宏观经济形势，全力以赴保增长，凝心聚力扩规模，重大项目建设成效显著，综合经济实力明显跃升。

以重大项目建设为龙头，大力培育区域经济新的增长点，经济社会跨越式发展的基础更加牢固。

一是国民经济稳定增长。

地区生产总值年均增长12.4%，达到74.48亿元；人均地区生产总值由2005年的8545元增加到14696元，增长72%，经济综合竞争力位居全省前列。

三次产业结构由2005年的10.84∶41.73∶47.43调整为11.4∶43.5∶45.1，经济增长的稳定性更强、发展的协调性更好。

二是财政实力大幅提升。

地方财政收入年均增长6.4%，达到1.91亿元。

争取到位各类专项补助和转移支付资金38.08亿元，财政支出完成45.4亿元，分别是“十五”期间的4.3倍和3.2倍。

金融存贷款规模不断扩大，存贷款余额分别达到130.43亿元和97.2亿元，较“十五”末分别增长158%和190%。

2006政府工作报告英文版

Report of the Work of the Government(Delivered at the Fourth Session of the Tenth National People's Congress on March 5,2006)Premier of the State CouncilFellow Deputies,On behalf of the State Council, I would like to present to you the following report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval. I also welcome comments and suggestions on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.I Review of the Work of the Past YearMajor achievements were made in 2005 in the socialist modernization drive.-- Economic growth was fast yet steady. China's GDP reached 18.23 trillion yuan in 2005, an increase of 9.9 percent over the previous year. Government revenue exceeded 3 trillion yuan, 523.2 billion more than the previous year. The consumer price index rose by 1.8 percent. China's economy was in good shape and characterized by fast growth, improved economic returns and stable prices.-- Major steps were taken in reform and opening up. Breakthroughs were achieved in some key areas. China's import and export volume totaled 1.42 trillion U.S. dollars, an increase of 23.2 percent. Total foreign direct investment actually used reached 60.3 billion dollars, and the country's foreign exchange reserves totaled 818.9 billion dollars at the end of 2005.-- Continued progress was made in social programs. Science and technology, education, culture, health, sports and other undertakings developed in an all-round way. The success of the Shenzhou VI manned space flight shows that China has reached world-class levels in some key areas of science and technology.-- People's lives continued to improve. A total of 9.7 million urban residents entered the workforce for the first time last year. Urban per capita disposable income rose to 10,493 yuan, an increase of 9.6 percent after adjusting for inflation, and rural per capita net income grew to 3,255 yuan, an increase of 6.2 percent after adjusting for inflation.China took another substantial step forward on the road of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.We adopted a scientific outlook on development to guide China's overall economic and social development last year. We mainly undertook the following tasks.1. Solving the major problems affecting economic performance. We continued to exercise effective macroeconomic regulation in accordance with the principle of taking different approaches to different situations and encouraging the growth of some sectors while discouraging the expansion of others. We used a combination of fiscal, tax, monetary and land policies to curb overheated growth in fixed asset and real estate investment and ballooning housing prices. In addition, we increased investment in weak links such as agriculture, energy, transport, and social programs to promote balanced development and provide momentum for future development. We improved economic regulation and reduced the pressure on tight supplies of coal, electricity, and petroleum and on the overloaded transportation system, thus ensuring fast yet steady growth of China's economy.2. Promoting economic restructuring and change of the pattern of economic growth. Work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers was further intensified. The agricultural tax was rescinded in 28 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government, and the livestock tax was rescinded nationwide. We increased subsidies to grain producers and transfer payments to majorgrain-producing counties and financially strapped counties, set floor prices for the purchase of key grain varieties in some major grain-producing areas, and increased rural incomes through a variety of channels. Last year, 297.5 billion yuan from the central government budget was spent on agriculture, rural areas and farmers, ayear-on-year increase of 34.9 billion yuan. Having risen considerably the previous year, total grain output rose again by 14.54 million tons to 484.01 million tons. The increased overall agricultural capacity, stable increase in grain production and steady increase in rural incomes provide the foundation for ensuring fast yet steady economic development and social stability.In industrial restructuring, we formulated and implemented development programs and industrial policies for energy, important raw material production, equipment manufacturing and other sectors, and adopted policy measures to encourage development of the wholesale and retail industry. We guided and supported major industries to ensure their sound development and closed down a number of production facilities that had backward equipment, wasted energy, created serious pollution and were unsafe.We paid particular attention to energy and resource conservation and environmental protection and laid out tasks, policies and measures for building a resource-conserving society and developing a circular economy in order to change the pattern of economic growth. We launched 178 major projects that save energy and water and comprehensively utilize resources. Management of mineral exploration and exploitation, land use, and urban and rural planning was enhanced. Last year, 15.2billion yuan from the sale of treasury bonds was used to finance key ecological projects undertaken to prevent and control pollution in the basins of the Huai River, Tai Lake and other major rivers and lakes, protect virgin forests, return farmland to forests or grassland, and prevent and control desertification. We launched special projects to address serious environmental problems that were endangering people's health.3. Deepening economic restructuring and opening China further to the outside world. Trials of comprehensive rural reform were carried forward. Significant progress was made in introducing a shareholding system in state-owned commercial banks and in reforming rural credit cooperatives. Reform of the shareholder structure of listed companies made steady progress. Reform of the mechanism for setting the Renminbi exchange rate was implemented smoothly. Introduction of a modern corporate structure in state-owned enterprises was accelerated. A total of 21.9 billion yuan was allocated by the central government to subsidize the policy-based closure and bankruptcy of 116 state-owned enterprises. The work of relieving enterprises of their obligation to operate social programs continued. Reform in the areas of public finance, tax, investment and pricing was deepened. Reform of the postal service system was initiated. Further progress was made in the reform of the railway and civil aviation systems. Policy measures were adopted to encourage, support and guide the growth of the non-public sector of the economy. Breakthroughs were made in reforms in some major areas.We actively addressed new issues arising in the course of opening China to the outside world. The structure of foreign trade was improved by adjusting policies concerning export rebates, tariffs and processing trade. The export rebate mechanism was improved. Steady progress was made in opening the service sector to foreign competition. Overall arrangements were made for work after the transition period following China's entry into the WTO.4. Accelerating the development of social programs. The central government spent 116.8 billion yuan in 2005 on science and technology, education, health and culture, an increase of 18.3 percent over the previous year. In addition, 9.54 billion yuan from the sale of treasury bonds was spent on these items.In science and technology, we improved the national innovation system and strengthened basic research and infrastructure development. Important progress was made in major R&D projects, including those to design and develop advanced integrated circuit chips, third-generation mobile communications, high-performance composite materials, and high-grade, digitally controlled machine tools. Under the leadership of the State Council, we formulated the Outline of the National Long- and Medium-Term Program for Scientific and Technological Development based on two years of in-depth research and extensive deliberation during which the views of all concerned parties were solicited.In education, we focused on strengthening compulsory education, especially in rural areas. Over 7 billion yuan was allocated by the central and local governments to pay tuition and miscellaneous fees, provide free textbooks, and subsidize room and board for 17 million students from poor families in 592 designated poverty-stricken counties. Free textbooks were also provided to over 17 million students from poor families in the central and western regions. As a result, many students who had dropped out of school were able to continue their studies. We continued to implement the plan to make nine-year compulsory education basically universal and to basically eliminate illiteracy among young and middle-aged adults in the western region. We built, renovated or expanded over 2,400 boarding schools in rural areas and provided distance learning equipment for 160,000 rural primary and secondary schools and learning centers over the past two years. Vocational education was further improved, and higher education continued to develop.In health, we put great effort into improving the public health system and rura l health care work. Over the past three years, the central and local governments spent 10.5 billion yuan to basically complete establishment of a disease prevention and control system that operates at the provincial, city and county levels. A total of 16.4 billion yuan was spent on setting up a medical treatment system for public health emergencies, and work is proceeding smoothly. The central government spent 3 billion yuan from the sale of treasury bonds to support the establishment of health clinics in towns and townships in the central and western regions, thus improving public health and medical treatment conditions there. Trials of a new type of rural cooperative medical care system were extended to 671 counties with a total of 177 million rural residents. We intensified efforts to prevent and treat major diseases such as AIDS and gave high priority to the prevention and control of highly pathogenic avian influenza, keeping it from spreading and infecting people. Progress was made in population work and family planning.In culture, we launched a trial reform of the cultural system, upgraded culture-related facilities for public use, implemented the project to share cultural information, and increased cultural exchanges with other countries. Further successes were achieved in the country's athletic endeavors. Greater efforts were made to promote socialist cultural and ideological progress.5. Striving to increase employment and improve social security work. We increased policy support and spending to expand employment and reemployment. The central government last year allocated 20.9 billion yuan to provide basic living allowances and reemployment subsidies to employees laid off from state-owned enterprises, 2.9 billion more than the year before. We did a good job providing employment for urban residents newly entering the workforce, college graduates and demobilized soldiers. A special fund was also set up in central government budget to support job training forfarm laborers looking for urban employment and to assist demobilized soldiers from urban areas in finding jobs for themselves.The social security system underwent steady improvement, and its coverage was expanded. The work of incorporating basic living allowances for workers laid off from state-owned enterprises into the unemployment benefit system was completed in 17 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government. All urban residents entitled to basic living allowances are now basically receiving them. Allowances for key entitled groups were increased significantly, and 7.46 billion yuan was allocated from the central government budget for allowances for entitled groups, a 90 percent increase from the previous year. The basic framework of a social assistance system has been established in 28 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government and in 2,300 counties and cities. Disaster relief and anti-poverty work was intensified. Total expenditures from the central government budget for fighting natural disasters and providing disaster relief came to 8.9 billion yuan last year, and more than 90 million people were helped. The central and local governments allocated 16.2 billion yuan for poverty alleviation, and the number of rural residents living in poverty decreased by 2.45 million.6. Strengthening democracy and the legal system. Democracy continued to make advances at the local level, and elections for village committees were held in 21 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government. The running of governments, factories and villages was made more transparent. Government decision making was made more scientific and democratic, and a system of public notices and public hearings on matters affecting the interests of the people was instituted. Much effort was put into passing government legislation. The State Council sponsored seven bills, including the revised versions of the Labor Contract Law, the Law Guaranteeing the Rights and Interests of Women, and the Individual Income Tax Law (draft), and 22 administrative regulations were drawn up and promulgated by the State Council, including the Emergency Measures for Handling Major Animal Epidemics and the Special Regulations for Preventing Coalmine Accidents. The State Council formulated and implemented the Master State Plan for Rapid Response to Public Emergencies and plans for managing specific emergencies, thus improving our ability to respond to emergencies. Oversight was strengthened through auditing and supervision. We carried out thorough preparatory work for implementing the Civil Servant Law of the People's Republic of China. The new Regulations on Petitions in the Form of Letters and Visits were implemented, improving people's access to government departments that handle such petitions and ensuring order in submitting and handling them. Steady progress was made in the reform of the judicial system. A campaign to correct irregularities and promote impartiality in law enforcement was launched to safeguard citizens' lawful rights and interests. We continued to improve all facets of public security and severely punishedillegal and criminal activities in accordance with the law. The number of criminal cases dropped, and social stability was maintained.Work related to ethnic groups, religions, overseas Chinese, and Taiwan was further improved. We continued to make progress in the modernization of national defense and the army. Significant progress was made in diplomacy.We owe these successes to the correct overall leadership of the Central Committee with Comrade ^^ as General Secretary and to the concerted efforts and hard work of government employees and the general public. On behalf of the State Council, I would now like to express our sincere thanks to the people of all ethnic groups, to the democratic parties, to all people's organizations, and to people from all walks of life. I would like to sincerely thank our compatriots from the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and Taiwan, as well as overseas Chinese. I would also like to sincerely thank our friends around the world who care about and support China's modernization drive.While acknowledging our successes, we must also clearly realize that there are still many difficulties and problems in China's economic and social activities. Manylong-standing and deep-seated problems have yet to be fundamentally solved, and a number of new problems have arisen that require our attention. First, it has become difficult to further increase grain production and rural incomes. There is downward pressure on grain prices and upward pressure on the prices of agricultural supplies, making it difficult for farmers to increase their earnings and discouraging them from growing grain. Moreover, the total area of useable farmland continues to decrease, and the overall agricultural production capacity is weak. This poses a threat to the nation's food security. Second, fixed asset investment is still expanding too fast. Investment in some industries is increasing too quickly, and too many new projects have been launched. Investment is too concentrated in some areas, and there is significant pressure for a rebound in investment. Third, the adverse consequences of overheated investment in some industries are becoming apparent. The problem of excess production capacity is getting worse, causing the prices of goods to drop and inventories to increase. Corporate profits are down and losses are increasing, creating greater potential financial risks. Fourth, many problems affecting the vital interests of the people have yet to be satisfactorily solved. There is strong public concern over the difficulty and high cost of getting medical treatment and receiving an education. The people's interests are adversely affected by violations of regulations and policies in a number of areas, including land expropriation, housing demolition and resident relocation, relocation of people from reservoir areas, and corporate restructuring, as well as by environmental protection. Fifth, there are serious problems in production safety. Major coalmine and traffic accidents occur frequently, causing serious loss of life and property.We are also aware that there are still quite a few defects and shortcomings in the work of governments at all levels. The process of transforming government functions is behind schedule, some tasks have not been adequately carried out, and efficiency is low. The problem of formalism and going through the motions is still fairly serious. Some government employees engage in fraud, some are extravagant and wasteful, and some are even corrupt.We must heighten our sense of mission and our sense of urgency, build on our achievements, improve our work, boost our morale, work conscientiously, strive to do all government work better, and do our best to live up to people's expectations and prove ourselves worthy of the great trust the country has placed in us.。

2010年《政府工作报告》的文体学特征及英译

的上下文和文体风格选择用词，到实处。说
“ 把握好政策实施的力度、节奏和重点Байду номын сангаас。处理好保持经济平稳较快发展、调整好经济结构和管理好通胀预期的关系。还要管
理好通胀预期、定物价总水平 ” 稳。
Ｗｅｎｅｏｍａｎａｎｃｎｉｕｔｎｔｂｌｙｉｕｏｉｉｓｅｄｔｉｔｉｏｔｉａｄｓａｉｔｎｏｒｐｌｅ．ｎｙｉｃＷｅｎｅｏｓｉｆｌａｄｅｔｅｒｌｔｎｈｐｂｔｅｉｔｉｉｇｅｄｔｋｌｕｌｈｎｌｈｅａｉｓｉｅｗｅｎｍａｎａｎｎｌｙｏｓｅｄｎａｉｃｎｍｉｄｖｌｐｎ，ｒｓｒｃｕｎｈｃｎｍｙｔａｙａｄｒｐｄｅｏｏｃｅｅｏｍｅｔｅｔｕｔｒｇｔｅｅｏｏｉ
治含义。
２２缩略词汇．
准确是政治翻译的基本要求，政府工作报告》《事关国家大
事，每一句话、每一个词都是经过字斟句酌、反复修改后定稿的，均有准确定义。其中有不少有政治含义的词汇，特别是涉及到方针政策和国家主权的，必须吃透原文，多从政治方面进行深入解
译时应避免使用冗长的语句，能一一对应地翻译，不也不能使用华丽的辞藻，尊严 ” “ 的本义始终与秩序、等级、特权、禁忌等因素相联系。在不同的历史时期、同的使用范围和不同的语境中，不其含义也不尽相同。这里，温总理意在强调使人民的经济和生活

北京2010政府工作报告

各位代表：现在，我代表北京市人民政府，向大会报告政府工作，请予审议，并请市政协各位委员提出意见。

一、过去一年工作回顾2009年是首都发展历程中很不平凡的一年。

在党中央、国务院和中共北京市委的坚强领导下，全市人民坚定信心，团结奋斗，克服困难，开拓创新，较好地完成了“打赢一场硬仗、办好一件大事”的目标任务。

——应对国际金融危机冲击取得显著成效。

初步核算，全市地区生产总值达到11865.9亿元，比上年增长10.1%，人均地区生产总值超过1万美元；完成地方财政收入2026.8亿元，增长10.3%。

城镇登记失业率为1.44%。

城镇居民人均可支配收入26738元，农民人均纯收入11986元，实际增长9.7%和13.4%。

——新中国成立60周年庆祝活动圆满成功。

实现了“隆重、喜庆、节俭、祥和”的总要求，赢得了国内外的高度评价和广泛赞誉，向党中央、国务院和全国人民交上了一份合格的答卷。

一年来，我们认真执行市十三届人大二次会议决议，主要做了以下几个方面工作。

（一）全力以赴筹办国庆活动。

筹办新中国成立60周年庆祝活动，是继北京奥运会、残奥会之后，中央交给北京市的又一重大光荣任务。

在中央国庆领导小组和市筹委会的领导下，充分运用奥运经验，健全组织指挥体系和运行调度机制，保证了各项工作协调推进、胜利完成。

精心组织庆祝活动。

各指挥部全面建立“双进入、双责任”工作体制，精心设计活动方案，科学安排训练演练，实现了“高质量、有创新”的目标。

组织10万名群众参加国庆游行、8万名学生进行广场背景表演。

运用高科技手段，突破传统表现形式，奉献了一场创意新颖、主题鲜明的联欢晚会。

组建预备役、女民兵方队，代表全国民兵预备役部队接受检阅。

开展丰富多彩的游园活动，成功举办第七届中国花卉博览会。

依托现行管理体制，统筹指挥调度，实现了现场运行零差错、活动内外零事故。

广大参演人员刻苦训练，涌现出许多感人事迹，充分表达了对伟大祖国的无比热爱。

全面做好服务保障。

2011年翻译硕士MTI参考书目

北京外国语大学1.《中式英语之鉴》Joan Pinkham 、姜桂华著，2000年，外语教学与研究出版社。

2.《英汉翻译简明教程》庄绎传著，2002年，外语教学与研究出版社。

3.《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》叶子南著，2001年，清华大学出版社。

4.《非文学翻译理论与实践》罗进德主编，2004年，中国对外翻译出版公司。

5.《非文学翻译》，李长栓著，2009年9月外语教学与研究出版社出版。

6.《非文学翻译理论与实践》，李长栓著，中国对外翻译出版公司。

广东外语外贸大学初试无参考书，以下为复试参考书目：1.《实用翻译教程（修订版）》，刘季春主编，中山大学出版社，2007年。

2.《英汉翻译基础教程》，冯庆华、穆雷主编，高等教育出版社，2008年。

3.《英语口译教程》，仲伟合主编，高等教育出版社，2007年。

4.《商务英语口译》（第二版），赵军峰主编，高等教育出版社，2009年。

5. 有关英语八级考试的书籍，以及英美政治、经济、文化等方面百科知识的书籍湖南师范大学暂无，复试科目为：听力、英语写作南京大学暂无，可用近年来国内出版的英语专业高级阅读、翻译、写作教材，以及任何大学语文教材南开大学暂无，参考《全日制翻译硕士专业学位（MTI）研究生入学考试指南》，外研社同济大学翻译硕士英语：暂无参考书，建议考生多阅读国内外英文报刊杂志，扩大词汇量，扩宽视野，培养中西文化比较意识。

汉语写作与百科知识：不设具体参考书目，希望考生关注时事，加强人文知识的学习和积累。

英语翻译基础：1.《文体与翻译》,刘宓庆,中国对外翻译出版公司,20072.《实用翻译教程》,冯庆华,上海外语教育出版社,20073.《翻译基础》，刘宓庆，华东师范大学出版社，2008西南大学1．《实用汉英翻译教程》，曾诚编，北京：外语教学与研究出版社。

2．《英译汉教程》，连淑能编著，北京：高等教育出版社。

中南大学翻译硕士英语，暂无英语翻译基础：1.《英汉—汉英应用翻译教程》，方梦之编，上海外语教育出版社，2004年2.《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》，叶子南编，清华大学出版社，2008年汉语写作与百科知识：1.《应用文写作》，王首程主编，高等教育出版社，2009年中山大学翻译硕士英语：1.英美概况部分参见《英语国家社会与文化入门》上、下册，朱永涛编，高等教育出版社，2005；2.其它部分不列参考书汉语写作与百科知识: 参照教指委公布的考试大纲北京航空航天大学翻译硕士英语：不根据某一教科书命题英语翻译基础：1. Dictionary of Translation Studies 上海外语教育出版社（2004年）2.《翻译研究词典》外语教学与研究出版社（2005年）3.《英汉互译实用教程》武汉大学出版社（2003年）汉语写作与百科知识：不根据某一教科书命题北京师范大学1.庄绎传，《英汉翻译简明教程》。

2010年政府工作报告中英文版

2010年政府工作报告2010年3月5日上午9时，第十一届全国人民代表大会第三次会议在人民大会堂开幕，国务院总理温家宝作政府工作报告。

在第十一届全国人民代表大会第三次会议上的政府工作报告国务院总理温家宝2010年3月5日REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT--Delivered at the Third Session of the Eleventh National People's Congresson March 5, 2010Wen JiabaoPremier of the State Council各位代表，Fellow Deputies,现在，我代表国务院向大会作政府工作报告，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

On behalf of the State Council, I now present to you my report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval. I also invite the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) to provide comments and suggestions.一、2009年工作回顾I. Review of Work in 20092009年是新世纪以来我国经济发展最为困难的一年。

去年这个时候，国际金融危机还在扩散蔓延，世界经济深度衰退，我国经济受到严重冲击，出口大幅下降，不少企业经营困难，有的甚至停产倒闭，失业人员大量增加，农民工大批返乡，经济增速陡然下滑。

在异常困难的情况下，全国各族人民在中国共产党的坚强领导下，坚定信心，迎难而上，顽强拼搏，从容应对国际金融危机冲击，在世界率先实现经济回升向好，改革开放和社会主义现代化建设取得新的重大成就。

2011政府工作报告两英汉对照

The Fourth Session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC)，China's parliament, opens at 9 a.m. Saturday in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing。

2011年3月5日上午9时，第十一届全国人民代表大会第四次会议在人民大会堂开幕。

Premier Wen Jiabao delivers a report on the work of the government at the opening meeting chaired by NPC Standing Committee Chairman Wu Bangguo。

国务院总理温家宝作政府工作报告。

This webpage will be updated continuously. Following are the highlights of Wen's report:本文将实时更新出温家宝总理报告中的重点部分：Global issues国际关系"China will play a constructive role in helping resolve hot issues and global problems."“中国将发挥建设性作用以解决全球热点问题。

”Income收入分配"Readjusting income distribution is a pressing task at present, and an endeavor to be pursued in a longer term."“收入分配问题既是一项长期任务，也是当前的紧迫工作。

”Price stability保持物价总水平基本稳定"Recently, prices have risen fairly quickly and inflation expectations have increased. This problem concerns the people's well-being, bears on overall interests and affects social stability. We must, therefore, make it our top priority in macroeconomic control to keep overall price levels stable. We need to make the most of favourable conditions, such as an ample supply of manufactured goods and our abundant grain reserves and considerable foreign exchange reserves, endeavor to overcome the adverse effects of imported and structural inflation, cushion the upward pressure for costs of factors of production, and correctly guide market expectations to resolutely curb prices."“当前，物价上涨较快，通胀预期增强。

政府工作报告PWC解读英文版

10MinutesCommentary on Premier Wen Jiabao’s 2012 Government Work ReportChina is at a turning point. A leadership transitionis imminent against the backdrop of an economic slowdown. The resolve of President Hu Jintao and Premier Wen Jiabao’s successors to continue to drive political, macro-economic and social reforms will be tested.China’s tremendous economic expansion of the past decade has come at a cost – growing wealth disparities, environmental challenges and social discontent. Can the next generation of leaders realise the potentialof past legacies by delivering the reforms needed to sustain China’s economic ascendancy, prosperity and social harmony?The recent National People’s Congress sessionsin Beijing comes at a crucial moment in China’s development with an imminent leadership change later this year. Rather than highlighting new reform initiatives, the Congress instead focused on delivering a framework that would ensure a smooth transition from President Hu Jintao to the next generation of leaders.At the Congress, Premier Wen Jiabao outlined a distinctive framework for defining China’s future. His Report to the 3,000 strong NPC delegates, builds upon the significant growth achievedin the first year of the 12th Five-Year Plan, and sheds new light on the direction of its economic transformation.Based on Premier Wen’s Report, the following areas will be key issues in coming years:GDP growth will slowThree decades of rapid growth has established China as a global economic power and transformed it into the world’s second largest economy. But its growth has come at a significant cost – widening income gaps across regions and social groups, industrial overcapacity, significant environmental challenges, increasing resources constraints, over-reliance on foreign oil imports, a dwindling private sector, real estate bubbles and rising social issues. In Premier Wen’s words, China’s current pattern of economic growth is “imbalanced, uncoordinated and unsustainable.”From one generation tothe next: China’s roadmapfor growthHighlightsChina’s decision to lower its GDP growth target will provideits new generation of leaders the flexibility they need totransition the economy towards a domestic consumptionfocus.With greater clarity on the government’s investmentpriorities, foreign investors have more incentive to investin key industries such as advanced manufacturing, energysaving and environmental protection, and modern services.Companies in China will need to consider ways to dealwith tightened regulation on energy conservation andenvironmental protection.Programmes to encourage migrant workers to relocate tosmall and medium sized cities could face challenges fromlarger-sized cities, which offer more job opportunities andcareer development prospects.Monopolised sectors, if deregulated, will grant valuablegrowth opportunities for small and medium sizedenterprises, boosting services growth and increasingemployment opportunities.Premier Wen’s new commitment to increase investmentin education will test the government’s effectiveness inallocating resources to all tiers of education, nationally.March 2012For 2012, the official GDP growth rate target was revised down from 8% to 7.5% - the first time this has occurred in the past eight years. However, this is in alignment with the 7% annual average growth target set for China’s 12th Five-Year Plan (2011-2015). The policy focus has shifted from “fighting inflation” to an “adjustment of economic growth pattern” and delivering “quality of growth.” The lower GDP growth rate also reflects the significant time and resource needed to transform China’s economy from an export and investment focus to a domestic-consumption market. This will not be an easy process by itself and the ongoing global economic crisis has created further difficulties.To create a favourable environment for the incoming 18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, it is likely the actual GDP growth rate could be maintained at or above 8%, as the government still enjoys significant policy flexibility. And it has a track record in delivering against this benchmark. Over the past decade, the government has consistently exceeded its GDP target rates.Consumption and income growth will riseSluggish domestic consumption has long been the “weakest link” in the Chinese economy. To establish domestic consumption as another pillar of growth, the government has invested heavily in improving the quality of life of its people through education, housing, employment, social security, healthcare and culture.Premier Wen vowed to “formulate a master plan for reforming income distribution to narrow the widening income gap” and expand the proportion of middle-income groups to “enhance the capacity of residential consumption.” It is expected that workers’ salaries and the level of minimum wages would further increase.The government will also continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy in 2012. Of the 800 billion yuan budget deficit, 1.5% of GDP, planned this year, most will be spent in areas related to improving people’s wellbeing. To boost employment, more policy support will beawarded to the labour intensive services industry, small and mini enterprises and new innovative technology companies. The government will also implementstructural tax cuts for small companies and individual businesses, and roll over the VAT reform pilot programme to wider regions.By the end of 2012, China plans to achieve full coverage of the new old-age pension system for rural residents and non-working urban residents. Medical insurance for non-working urban residents and a new type of rural cooperative medical care system will be raised to 240 yuan per person each year.Housing for low income groups will continue to be developed, with 5 million units to be completed and construction on another 7 million units to commence. Meanwhile, the government will continue to regulate the real estate market to bring down property prices.Services sector’s contribution to annual GDPServices contribution to GDP (%)ChinaJapanUSIndia20092011Source: National Statistics Bureau of China; Factiva; EIUNote: China’s 2009 figure is the latest available from National Statistics Bureau of ChinaA new development this year is Premier Wen’s commitment to increase spending on education to 4%of GDP, a target that has never been achieved since the adoption of China’s Education Reform and Development Framework in 1993. This year, 2.2 trillion yuan will be spent on the education sector1. But it also raises questions about how effectively the government can allocate resources among different tiers of education at a regional and national level.Investment prioritiesOptimising the investment mix has long been a policy goal for the central government. Premier Wen reiterated his resolve for developing emerging strategic industries, namely next-generation information technology, bio-engineering, high-end equipment manufacturing, alternative energy, new material and alternative-energy vehicle industries2.China plans to increase the GDP contribution of these industries to around 8% by 2015 and 15% by 2020. Over 10 trillion yuan is expected to be invested to bolster these critical sectors by 20153.The government has also maintained its focus on certain other sectors. While industrial consolidationis encouraged for steel, automobile, shipbuilding and cement businesses, the government does not welcome further investment in the saturated solar and wind farm industries.While the real effects of China’s industrial policies are a matter for debate, investors could change their business plans accordingly and actively pursue merger and acquisitions opportunities in related industries.The government also revised its Catalogue for the Encouragement of Foreign Investment Industries in December 2011. Foreign investors are encouraged to invest in advanced manufacturing, high- and new-tech industries, energy saving and environmental protection, modern services and inland provinces4.Energy conservation and environmental protection will accelerateEnergy conservation and environmental protection received significant attention in the government Report. Premier Wen indicated that the work plan for overall control of energy consumption has been underway. According to the Energy Saving and Low Carbon Action Plan released by 12 Chinese ministries in December 2011, companies or public institutions that annually consume more than 10,000 tons of standard coalare subject to a quota to be allocated by provincial governments5. Industries on the list include power, metallurgy, petrochemical, chemical, building materials, coal, textiles, light industry, tobacco, pharmaceuticals, machinery, electronics, transport, hotels and schools. The overall goal is to lower energy consumption levels by 250 million tons of standard coal by the end of the 12th Five-Year Plan, which mandates energy intensity to be slashed by 16%.1 政府践诺教育支出“追4”如何支配引关注，中国新闻网(ChinaNews Service)，8 M arch 2012/edu/2012/03-08/3728027.shtml2 国务院关于加快培育和发展战略性新兴产业的决定，中央人民政府门户网站(The Central People’s Government of the People’sRepublic of China website)，18 October 2010/zwgk/2010-10/18/content_1724848.htm3. 十二五七大新兴战略产业投资达10.8万亿，中国投资咨询网(CIConsulting)，22 November 2011/book/chapter_11531_51684.html4. 优化利用外资结构促进经济发展方式转变—国家发展改革委有关负责人就《外商投资产业指导目录（2011年修订）》答记者问，中央人民政府门户网站(The Central People’s Government of the People’s Republic of China website)，31 D ecember 2011/gzdt/2011-12/31/content_2034603.htm5. 关于印发万家企业节能低碳行动实施方案的通知，中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会网站(National D evelopment and Reform Commission website)，7 D ecember 2011/zcfb/zcfbtz/2011tz/t20111229_453569.htmGross domestic productSource: IMFTo achieve this goal, the government has encouraged development of hydro and nuclear power, shale gas exploration, cleaner use of traditional fossil fuels, smart grid, energy efficiency improvement, energyefficiency labelling and certification and contract energy management. Fiscal subsidies will be awarded to those who achieve audited energy reductions.In 2011, the State Council released three key documents, namely the 12th Five-Year Comprehensive Work Plan on Energy Conservation and Emission Reductions, Work Plan on Control of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, and Opinions on Strengthening Important Works of Environmental Protection . These unprecedented moves, while showing the urgency and challenges China faces today, reflects the central government’s determination in tackling environmental issues. Companies operating in China will need to factor in the additional cost and stricter regulations when drafting their business plans.The focus of environmental protection in 2012 will be to aggressively monitor and address the contamination issues of heavy metals, drinking water, air, soil andocean. Particulate matters 2.5 (PM 2.5) monitoring will be more widely used in key coastal cities and provinces. The pricing regime of electricity and water will be further amended to reflect true market conditions. Water usage will also be under tighter control as the government embarks on its strictest water regulation to date 6.Carbon trading market taking shapeCarbon trading is an area Premier Wen did not specifically emphasise but that has been progressing fast in China. The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) announced on 29 October 2011 the seven pilot cities and provinces (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Chongqing, Shenzhen, Hubei and Guangdong) for the exchange of carbon credits 7. The seven cities and provinces are mandated to draw up their own overall plan and methods for the “cap and trade” regimes. This involves determining the total cap of greenhouse gases emissions for their respective regions, formulatingemission allocation plans and establishing carbon credit monitoring and registry systems. The trial operation of the carbon exchanges could kick off end of 2013 or early 2014.A national guideline is also under development byNDRC and could be released next year. Based on lessons from those seven cities and provinces, more formalmanagement rules will be announced later, with the aim of commencing China’s carbon trading market as early as 2015. This action, the first of its kind among Non-Annex I countries of the Kyoto Protocol, is a significant development and demonstrates China’s commitment to tackling climate change issues.6. 中华人民共和国水利部网站，(The M inistry of Water Resources of the People ’s Republic of China website )，24 F ebruary 2012 /ztpd/2012ztbd/szyzt/gcls/201202/t20120224_314529.html7. 国家发展改革委办公厅关于开展碳排放权交易试点工作的通知，中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会网站 (National D evelop -ment and Reform Commission website )，29 October 2011/zcfb/zcfbtz/2011tz/t20120113_456506.htmYear Annual growth rate (%)2012 (est.)8.27.01.71.8-0.13.3Urbanisation will gather paceThe government will continue to press ahead with its sometimes controversial yet rapid urbanisation process. By 2011, urbanisation rate in China has reached 51.27%8, the first time in China’s history that city dwellers have outnumbered its rural population.Premier Wen reiterated the government’s position of an “orderly” transition of migrant workers - around 250 million in 2011 – into city residents. In addition, the government will provide support mechanisms such as offering more favourable terms on employment services, social security, housing and schooling for children. However, he did not propose any significant changes to the resident permit registration (hu kou in Chinese) system. This has been an issue that has confounded the migrant group for decades and is becoming more acute as new generations of migrant workers struggle with “identity loss” and being denied access to social benefits available to city dwellers.The real effect of government programmes to open up small and medium sized cities to migrant workers, however, is doubtful. Most workers prefer to go to the larger and super-sized cities where there are more job opportunities, higher chances of career development and better schools and hospitals.Breaking up monopoly to spur private investment?Deregulating the state’s monopoly in key economic sectors has long been on the government’s agenda. In 2005, the State Council issued its famous “36 articles” for promoting the development of the private sector, triggering high expectations nationwide. Since theannouncement, progress has been slow due to resistance from the powerful state sectors. In May 2010, the State Council issued a “new 36 articles” that promised to offer wider market access to the private sector. However, this latest decree only received a lukewarm response 9.China’s private sector, composed largely of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs), plays an increasingly important role in the Chinese economy. SMEs contribute 60% of the country’s GDP and over half its tax revenues. They provide 80% of the employment opportunities in China’s cities and account for 60% of its exports 10. However, many SMEs currently face numerousdifficulties, ranging from heavy tax burdens, rising labour and material costs, falling production orders, shrinking profit margins, and limited access to finance. Sourcing skilled labour and accessing market opportunities are also major challenges 11. Opening up the monopolised sectors, including legitimising private lending activities, willprovide valuable growth opportunities for SMEs. This will also spur the growth of China’s lagging services sector, improve management efficiencies and create a wider range of employment opportunities.8. 中国城镇化率超过50％是社会结构历史性变化，国际在线 (CRI online )，5 M arch 2012/2012zt/qglh2012/zb/rdkm/zbzy/201203/t20120305_509241577.shtml 9. “新36条”推进缘何举步维艰？，新京报 (The Beijing News )， 12 M arch 2012http://fi /article/2012-03-12/0000139610s.shtml 10.中小企业在构建和谐社会中发挥非常重要的作用，新华网 ( )，7 June 2007/politics/2007-06/07/con -tent_6212571.htm 11. 中小企业陷多重困境资金偏紧融资成本持续增长，东方早报 (Oriental M orning Post )，26 August 2011/201108/261453091007100100000362245.shtmlUrbanisation rate (%)Source: World Bank%200220032004200520062007200820092010United StatesEuropean UnionJapanWorldChinaIn this year’s Report, Premier Wen reiterated the government’s position of “allowing the private sector to invest in railway, municipal construction, finance, energy, education and healthcare sectors”. This would level the playing field and create a “fair competition and common development” environment. Premier Wen indicated that an implementation plan for the “new 36 articles” will be drafted and a national SME development fund to be set up to help ease the acute funding problem. However, it remains to be seen how much can be achieved in his last year of premiership.Chances of government and political reform?The Chinese government has been advocating change to reduce government bureaucracy, improve efficiencies, and transforming government into a services-oriented organisation. Furthermore, there have been calls for reducing government intervention and allowing the market to fundamentally decide where resources are allocated. A government with more clearly defined roles and boundaries will also help prevent and reduce corruption, a source of public complaints.In the government Report, Premier Wen called for “expedited government reform” and “expanding socialist democracy” by allowing people to have wider participation, access to information and rights of supervision. He specifically mentioned that government officials are “strictly forbidden” from involvement in economic activities such as government procurement, construction project tendering and auction of land and mining rights. At the closing press conference of the sessions, Premier Wen expressed his desire for political reform. However, he did not specify the measures that would push forward a process that has stalled since the 1990s. That will be a task for the new leadership.Looking aheadAfter more than 30 years of extraordinary progress and reform, China is at a turning point. Despite delivering rapid wealth expansion and growth of its central coffers, China faces many political, social, economic and environmental challenges accumulated over the years. Many observers – both domestic and global – feel the country has entered a “deep-water zone” – where gains from the existing system are extremely limited. Further reform is in great demand but potentially difficult to come by. Any kind of reform will meet with strong resistance from vested interest groups – this time not for ideological reasons but in the interests of safeguarding their economic benefits. If not properly handled, there’s every chance that China could fall into the “middle income trap.”How to tackle these issues will test the vision and courage of China’s new leadership.To have a deeper discussion aboutPremier Wen Jiabao’s 2012 Government Work Report, please contact:Frank LynPwC China Markets Leader +86 (10) 6533 2388frank.lyn@ David WuPwC China Public Policy and Regulatory Affairs Leader, PwC China Beijing Lead Partner +86 (10) 6533 2456david.wu@ Nora WuPwC Asia Pacific Human Capital Leader, PwC China Shanghai Lead Partner +86 (21) 2323 2517nora.wu@ Contacts To have a deeper discussion aboutPremier Wen Jiabao’s 2012 Government Work Report, please contact:Frank LynPwC China Markets Leader +86 (10) 6533 2388frank.lyn@ David WuPwC China Beijing Lead Partner +86 (10) 6533 2456david.wu@ Nora WuPwC China Shanghai Lead Partner +86 (21) 2323 2517nora.wu@ContactsPwC firms help organisations and individuals create the value they’re looking for. We’re a network of firms in 158 countries with close to 169,000 people who are committed to delivering quality in assurance, tax and advisory services. Tell us what matters to you and find out more by visiting us at .This publication has been prepared for general guidance on matters of interest only, and does not constitute professional advice. You should not act uponthe information contained in this publication without obtaining specific professional advice. No representation or warranty (express or implied) is given as tothe accuracy or completeness of the information contained in this publication, and, to the extent permitted by law, PricewaterhouseCoopers does not acceptor assume any liability, responsibility or duty of care for any consequences of you or anyone else acting, or refraining to act, in reliance on the information contained in this publication or for any decision based on it.© 2012 PricewaterhouseCoopers Limited. All rights reserved. In this document, “PwC” refers to PricewaterhouseCoopers Limited, which is a member firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers International Limited, each member firm of which is a separate legal entity. HK-20120320-1。

乌鲁木齐市2010年政府工作报告

乌鲁木齐市2010年政府工作报告——2010年2月4日在乌鲁木齐市第十四届人民代表大会第三次会议上乌鲁木齐市市长吉尔拉·衣沙木丁各位代表：现在，我代表市人民政府，向大会报告政府工作，请予审议，并请各位政协委员、列席代表提出意见。

一、2009年工作回顾过去的一年，是建国以来我市社会稳定经受最为严峻挑战的一年，是新世纪以来经济发展困难最多的一年，也是各族干部群众经受了血与火考验的一年。

一年来，在自治区党委、自治区人民政府及市委的正确领导下，市人民政府团结带领全市各族人民，坚持以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，全面贯彻落实科学发展观，深入贯彻党的十七届三中、四中全会和胡总书记“8·25”、“9·18”重要讲话精神，坚决落实中央和自治区一系列重大决策部署，坚持一手抓团结稳定，一手抓改革发展，紧紧围绕保稳定、保增长、保民生，积极应对国际金融危机的冲击，全力克服“7·5”事件造成的影响，迎难而上，奋力拼搏，扎实工作，推动了首府经济社会平稳较快发展。

（一）着力保稳定，各项维稳工作不断强化去年7月5日，我市发生了由境内外“三股势力”相互勾结、精心策划组织的打砸抢烧严重暴力犯罪事件。

“7·5”事件给各族群众生命财产造成极大损失，对社会稳定造成严重破坏。

事件发生后，在党中央、国务院和自治区党委、自治区人民政府的坚强领导下，我们紧紧依靠全市各族干部群众和强大的专政力量，坚决制止暴力犯罪，全面加强社会管控，及时开展善后工作，依法处置涉案人员，深入开展群众工作，坚决迅速平息事态，切实维护社会稳定。

一是全面加强社会稳控。

坚决按照自治区党委、自治区人民政府的统一部署，进一步健全了指挥和协调联动机制，明确现场处置原则和方式，果断处置了多起突发事件。

强化重点片区、重点部位和重点线路的治安防范及稳控工作，开展大规模巡逻防控，形成了强大的震慑力和威慑力，圆满完成了新中国成立60周年大庆期间首府安保任务。

近十年《国务院政府工作报告》英译本语体特征的语料库分析及启示

Modern Linguistics 现代语言学, 2018, 6(4), 588-598Published Online October 2018 in Hans. /journal/mlhttps:///10.12677/ml.2018.64069A Corpus-Based Study of Stylistic Features ofEnglish Versions of The Report on the Workof the Government in Recent Ten YearsCheng Ye1, Hongjuan Xin21School of Foreign Languages, Tongji University, Shanghai2Faculty of Foreign Languages, Ningbo University, Ningbo ZhejiangReceived: Sep. 7th, 2018; accepted: Sep. 21st, 2018; published: Sep. 28th, 2018AbstractAs an authoritative source for the world to learn China’s ongoing economic and political develop-ment, The Report on the Work of the Government (hereinafter referred to as RWG) has attracted much attention and won high praise from the international community in the 21st century. The present research attempts to make comparisons between the English versions of RWG s and The State of the Union Address es issued in recent 10 years (2008-2017) through a corpus-based study focusing on their stylistic features. The present paper proposes that in order to achieve a better reception and a proper reconstruction of Chinese conception, the English translation of RWG s is supposed to accord with English stylistic features.KeywordsThe Report on the Work of the Government, Chinese-English Translation,The State of the Union Address, Corpus, Stylistic Features近十年《国务院政府工作报告》英译本语体特征的语料库分析及启示叶铖1，辛红娟21同济大学外国语学院，上海2宁波大学外国语学院，浙江宁波收稿日期：2018年9月7日；录用日期：2018年9月21日；发布日期：2018年9月28日叶铖，辛红娟摘要新世纪以来，《国务院政府工作报告》(以下简称《报告》)引发国际社会高度关注，收获积极评价，已经成为国际社会获知我国政治、经济等情况的权威信息来源。

2011政府工作报告中英文比照版本

2011年政府工作报告Report on the Work of the Government——2011年3月5日在第十一届全国人民代表大会第四次会议上Delivered at the Fourth Session of the Eleventh National People’s Congress on March 5, 2011国务院总理温家宝Wen JiabaoPremier of the State Council各位代表：Fellow Deputies,现在，我代表国务院，向大会作政府工作报告，请各位代表审议，并请全国政协委员提出意见。

On behalf of the State Council, I now present to you my report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval. I also invite the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultat ive Conference (CPPCC) to submit comments and suggestions.一、“十一五”时期国民经济和社会发展的回顾I. Review of National Economic and Social Development During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan Period“十一五”时期是我国发展进程中极不平凡的五年。

面对国内外复杂形势和一系列重大风险挑战，中国共产党团结带领全国各族人民，全面推进改革开放和现代化建设，国家面貌发生了历史性变化。

The Eleventh Five-Year Plan period was a truly extraordinary time in the course of the country's development. In the face of complex domestic and international situations and a series of major risks and challenges, the Communist Party of China (CPC) united with and led the people of all the country’s ethnic groups in comprehensively advancing reform, opening up and modernization, bringing about a historic change in China over the past five years.——这五年，我国社会生产力、综合国力显著提高。

Report on the Work of the Government 政府工作报告

Report on the Work of the Government 政府工作报告income distribution 收入分配reform of household registration system 户籍制度改革fiscal revenue 财政收入per capi t a disposable income 人均可支配收入net per capita income 人均纯收入the central government's public investment 中央政府公共投资technological upgrading projects 技改项目actual utilized foreign direct investment 实际利用外商直接投资defense budget 国防预算registered unemployment rate 登记失业率rise in the CPI 居民消费价格涨幅balance of payments 国际收支状况income gap 收入差距income distribution 收入分配low-carbon economy 低碳经济industrial restructuring 产业结构调整local government bonds 地方债local government budgets 地方财政预算precipitous rise of housing prices 房价过快上涨basic need for housing 基本住房需求property hoarding 捂盘惜售new old-age insurance system for rural residents 新型农村社会养老保险new type of rural cooperative medical care system 新型农村合作医疗rates for individual contributions 个人缴费标准fostering new areas of economic growth 培育新的经济增长点tourism and leisure industry 旅游休闲产业economic cooperation framework agreement (ECFA) 两岸经济合作框架协议intangible cul t ural heritage: 非物质文化遗产 hold off:保持距离barrage:接连发问sound-detection gear:声音探测器spam:垃圾邮件hideout: 藏身点snap: 仓促的coup plotter: 政变策划者lip synching: 假唱stem cell: 干细胞play up: 大肆渲染graffiti: 涂鸦fever pitch: 高度兴奋, 狂热overstaff: 人员过多peace saboteur: 和平破坏者comatose:昏迷的crackdown:取缔，制裁down-to-earth:实际的，切实的美国报刊用语社会篇Ballistic Missile Test：弹道导弹试验Ordeal：严峻的考验Kidnapper：拐子、绑匪Atomic Nucleus：原子核Confidence Vote：信任票Denuclearization：非核化Blast：爆炸，冲击波Argumentative：爱争论的Cram：塞满、拥挤 Snap Poll：即席调查Premature：过早的，仓促的Paralyzed：瘫痪的Lift An Embargo：解除禁运Barbecuestoppage: 中止；中断abstention: 弃权clinical trial: 临床试验Chrysanthemum Throne：天皇王位时事热词Red tape：繁文缛节Abduct：诱拐，绑架Preemptive：先发制人的Footage：电影胶片Incumbent：现任者，在职者Military Chief：军事最高统帅State Visit：国事访问Permanent Member：常任理事国 Relevance：意义，实用性Uranium Enrichment：铀浓缩Power Plant：发电站Evacuate：撤退、疏散Bayard：骑士，勇武异常者launch pad: 发射台Constituency：选区，选民Preset Orbi t：预定轨道Milestone：里程碑，转折点Ballistic Missile：弹道导弹NASA：美国国家宇航局Heart Bbypass Surgery：心脏搭桥手术Wail：大哭Denunciation：谴责、指责Hole up：藏匿Step Down：辞职，下台Benchmark：基准点，衡量标准Beaked Whale: 突吻鲸，喙鲸Procurement: 采购Handset: 手机Stake: 股份Portal: 门户网站Showcase: 展示Sedan: 小轿车Strategic Petroleum R eserve: 战略石油储备Back Tax: 退缴税Semiconductor: 半导体Crude Output: 原油生产Log On: 进入系统Lag Behind: 落在后面Team Up: 合作，协作Audience Rating: 收视率Play Down: 对……不太重视Floor Trader: 场内交易人A Package Of Proposals: 一揽子建议Operating Margin: 营运利润率Hedge-Fund: 对冲基金Shortfall: 不足、差额、赤字Anti-Trust: 反托拉斯Full Swing: 达到活动的GCClaw Back: 夺回，费力收回Balance Sheet: 资产负债表Inventory: 货存、库存量Mutual Fund: 共同基金Loan Guarante: 借款保函Class Action: 集体诉讼Antidumping：反倾销Confetti: 五彩纸屑Federal Reserve: 美国联邦储备系统Ink：签署（合同、文件等）HSBC: 汇丰银行Hot Money: 国际套利资本Scooter：速克达、踏板车、单脚滑行车IMF：国际货币基金组织In A Row：一个接一个Net Worth：资本净值APEC：亚太经合组织ABM = anti-ballistic missile 反弹道导弹abortive coup attempt 未遂政变absent trial / absent voting 缺席审判/缺席投票 absolute majority 绝对多数abstain from voting 弃权abuse of power for personal gain 以权谋私academia 学术界academic career 学历，学业academician 院士Academy Award 奥斯卡金像奖academy sciences 科学院accredited journalist 特派记者 acqui t / be acquitted 宣告无罪/ 无罪释放acting president 代总统active capi t al 流动资本active substance 放射性物质active trade balance 顺差activist 活跃分子administration party 执政党admit the best examinee 择优录取adverse trade balance 逆差advisory body 顾问团after-sale service 售后服务air crash 飞机失事album 专辑allied powers 同盟国all-out ban 全面禁止all-round title 全能冠军alumnus （复数: alumni）校友amendment 修正案，附加条款amicable relations 友好关系amnesty 特赦anarchy 无政府状态animal year 本命年anti-corruption 反腐败anti-robbery bell 防盗铃apartheid 种族隔离appropriate authorities 有关当局arch-foe 主要的劲敌armed intervention 武装干涉arm-twisting 施加压力arson 放火，纵火assembly hall 会议厅assembly line 生产流水线assembly man 议员，装配工assistant secretary （美）助理部长assistant secretary of state （美）助理国务卿 attaché 专员，（外交使团的）随员audience rating 收视率audiophile 音乐发烧友authoritative information 官方消息authoritative source 权威人士autonomous region / prefecture自治区/ 州axis power 轴心国bachelor mother 未婚母亲background briefing 吹风会，背景情况介绍会 bacteria 细菌bail 保释，保释金ballot 选票，投票bank book 银行存折bank failure 银行倒闭bar code 条形码bargain price 廉价be responsible for one's own profit and loss 自负盈亏be honest in performing one's official duties 廉洁奉公beeper BP机behind-the-scene maneuvering 幕后操纵benefit concert 义演音乐会best supporting actress award 最佳女配角 bid up price 哄抬物价big gun 有势力的人，名人big lie 大骗局bistro 夜总会black box 测谎器black market price 黑市价blanket ballot 全面选举blast 爆炸blind alley 死胡同blockade 封锁bloodless coup 不流血政变Blue Berets 蓝盔部队bluff diplomacy 恫吓外交bombard 轰炸，炮击boom （经济）繁荣，兴旺borrower 债方botanical garden 植物园bottle up 抑制bottom out 走出低谷box office returns 票房收入box office smash 卖座率高的演出boycott 联合抵制brain drain 人才流失brain gain 人才引进brain trust 智囊团brawn drain 劳工外流bread-and-butter letter 感谢信bribery 行贿bubble economy 泡沫经济bureaucracy 官僚主义bureaucrat 官倒cabinet lineup 内阁阵容cabinet re-shuffle 内阁改组cable car 缆车cable-stay bridge 斜拉桥cadre 干部cafeteria 自助餐厅calamity 灾难campaign against porns 扫黄运动candidate for exam 考生cargo handling capaci t y 货物吞吐量carnival 狂欢节casualty 遇难者，伤亡人员catch phrase 口头禅，口号ceasefire 停火ceiling price 最高限价celebrity 知名人士cellular phone 移动电话，大哥大censure vote 不信任投票census 人口普查ceremonial usherette 迎宾小姐chamber concert 室内音乐会charity 慈善组织chartered plane 包机china hand 中国通China's actual condi t ions 中国国情 Chinese descendant in America 美籍华裔cholesterol 胆固醇civil servant 公务员civilian 平民classroom boycott 罢课climbout 经济复苏closing address 闭幕辞cloverleaf intersection 立交桥comfortably-off level 小康水平commuter 乘车上班族complains box 意见箱computernik 电脑迷condo（minium）商品房condolence 慰问，吊唁conducted tour 团体旅游confiscate 没收，充公conscience forum 道德法庭conscript 征兵，入伍conservative party 保守党construction of a clean government 廉政建设 convenience food 方便食品corruption reporting center 举报中心countdown 倒计时county magistrate 县长cramming system 填鸭式教学法crash program 应急计划criminal law 刑法crude oil 原油cultural undertakings 文化事业curfew 宵禁curriculum vitae 履历表curtain call 谢幕daily necessities 日用品daily turnover 日成交量dan （围棋的）段deadlock 僵局death toll 死亡人数，死亡率defendant 被告deli（catessen）熟食dictatorship 独裁disaster-hit area 灾区disc jockey DJdissolve 解散division chief 处长，科长doctorial tutor 博士生导师door money 入场费dove 主和派，鸽派duet 二重唱Duma （俄）杜马，俄罗斯议会dux 学习标兵，学习尖子economic sanction 经济制裁economic take-off 经济腾飞El Nino 厄尔尼诺现象electric power 电力eliminate 淘汰embargo 禁运en route to 在……途中enlisted man 现役军人epidemic 流行病exclusive interview 独家采访expo（sition）博览会face-to-face talk 会晤fairplay trophy 风格奖family planning 计划生育flea market 跳蚤市场flying squad 飞虎队frame-up 诬陷，假案front page 头条front row seat 首席记者full house 满座gear…to the international conventions 把…与国际接轨grass widow / widower 留守女士/ 留守男士 guest of honor 贵宾guest team / home team 客队/ 主队hawk 主战派heroin 海洛因highlights and sidelights 要闻与花絮his-and-hers watches 情侣表hit parade 流行歌曲排行榜hit product 拳头产品hit-and-runner 肇事后逃走者Hong Kong compatriot 香港同胞honor guard 仪仗队hostage 人质housing reform 住房改革hypermedia 多媒体ideology 意识形态idle money 闲散资金in another related development 另据报道incumbent mayor 现任市长info-highway 信息高速公路in-service training 在职训练inspector-general 总监interim government 过渡政府invitation meet 邀请赛judo 柔道karate 空手道kiosk 小卖部knock-out system 淘汰制knowledge economy 知识经济ksei 棋圣laid-off 下岗leading actor 男主角lease 租约，租期man of mark 名人，要人manuscript 原稿，脚本marriage lines 结婚证书master key 万能钥匙medium 媒体，媒介mercy killing 安乐死moped 助力车Moslem 穆斯林multimedia 多媒体music cafe 音乐茶座national anthem 国歌 negative vote 反对票nest egg 私房钱news agency 通讯社news briefing 新闻发布会news conference 记者招待会news flash 短讯，快讯nominee 候选人notions 小商品null and void 无效的off-hour hobby 业余爱好off-the-job training 脱产培训on standby 待命on-the-job training 在职培训on-the-spot broadcasting 现场直播 opinion poll 民意测验overpass （人行）天桥overseas student 留学生overture 序曲overwhelming majority 压倒性多数 palm phone 大哥大parliament 国会passerby 过路人pay-to-the-driver bus 无人售票车peaceful co-existence 和平共处peace-keeping force 维和部队peak viewing time 黄金时间pedestrian 行人pension insurance 养老保险Pentagon 五角大楼perk 外快PM = prime minister 首相，总理politburo 政治局poor box 济贫箱pope 教皇pose for a group photo 集体合影留念 poverty-stricken area 贫困地区power failure 断电，停电premiere 首映，初次公演press briefing 新闻发布会press corps 记者团press spokesman 新闻发言人prize-awarding ceremony 颁奖仪式 professional escort "三陪"服务profiteer 投机倒把者protocol 草案，协议puberty 青春期public servant 公务员questionnaire 调查表quick-frozen food 速冻食品quiz game 智力竞赛racial discrimination 种族歧视rapport 默契reciprocal visits 互访reci t al 独唱会，独奏会red-carpet welcome 隆重欢迎red-hot news 最新消息red-letter day 大喜之日redundant 下岗人员re-employment 再就业rep = representative 代表rip off 宰客senate 参议院tenure of office 任职期the other man / woman 第三者 top news 头条新闻tornado 龙卷风tour de force 代表作township enterprises 乡镇企业 township head 乡长traffic tie-up 交通瘫痪truce 停火，休战trustee 董事two-day dayoffs 双休日tycoon 巨富umpire 裁判V.D. = venereal disease 性病vaccine 疫苗vehicle-free promenade 步行街 vote down 否决well-off level 小康水平well-to-do level 小康水平Who's Who 名人录working couple 双职工Green Bel t Movement：绿带运动。

《政府工作报告》英译文献综述

翻译研究本栏目责任编辑：梁书《政府工作报告》英译文献综述高瑞睿（西安工程大学人文社会科学学院，陕西西安710600）摘要：在全球化背景下，国与国之间的交流日益加深，《政府工作报告》作为对外宣传一国政策、文化的载体，其重要性可见一斑，相关研究也层出不穷。

通过对相关中外文献的深入阅读，对有关这一政治文本的研究进行了分类总结，发现以往学者研究虽然多样，但是仍然存在一些问题；除此之外，中外学者对于该文本的关注点不一致，这也对今后国家形象的对外传播发出了一定的警示作用。

关键词：政府工作报告；中外研究；分类；综述；对外传播中图分类号：H315.9文献标识码：A文章编号：1009-5039(2019)09-0123-02每年的3月份，国务院总理都会向各位与会代表发布当年的《政府工作报告》，随即中央编译局也会就《报告》的中文版本进行多种语言的翻译工作，面向多国达到对外传播的作用。

不得不说，《报告》从某一个角度来看就像中国的一面镜子，从多个角度反映着国家的发展状况以及未来预期。

作为一个重要的政治文本，《报告》的翻译难度可见一斑，每一年参与翻译任务的学者都是经过精挑细选，并受到政府严格监督的相关人才，因此《报告》的相关译文具有很高的参考价值。

尤其是在当今全球化的大背景下，国与国之间的交流日益频繁，翻译在其中扮演的角色不容忽视，作为体现一国政策文化的重要文本，《报告》翻译的重要性可见一斑，这也是有关《报告》的研究一直层出不穷的原因所在。

本文在对以往相关文献的认真阅读分析之后，对这一政治文本的研究进行了分类总结，以期对今后的相关研究起到一定的借鉴作用。

1《政府工作报告》相关文献综述国务院《政府工作报告》是每年全国人民代表大会上国务院总理向与会人大代表和各位政协委员发布的报告，包括对一年内工作的回顾、当年工作任务的部署以及当年工作重点任务的传达，作为一个体现国家政策、文化、现实状况的重要文本，得到了全世界人民的关注，《报告》的外文文本，尤其是英译版本在全世界范围的传播，对于国家形象的宣传起到了一定的作用。