精英教育的劣势 The disadvantages of elite education
《优秀的绵羊》读后感
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《优秀的绵羊》读后感《优秀的绵羊》读后感120__年1月,时任哈佛大学校长的劳伦斯·萨默斯发表言论称:高科技和工程领域因天赋和兴趣不同而导致的“性别差异”,也就是所谓的“女子学理逊于男子”的观点,劳伦斯·萨默斯的观点立刻招致了猛烈的攻击,许多人基于西方社会的“政治正确性”原则,指责他发表歧视性言论,劳伦斯·萨默斯也因此辞去哈佛校长一职。
也是因为这一个原因,很多人都默默在一个错误的领域深耕多年,因为越雷池一步你很可能遭受到猛烈的攻击。
但是还有很多人一反常态,勇敢的将自己的不同观点剖析出来,虽然遭到激烈的批评,但是依然坚持己见,因为他们始终相信真理是经得起时间的检验的。
像这劳伦斯·萨默斯这样敢于勇敢站出来说不的人还有《优秀的绵羊》作者威廉·德雷谢维奇,用批判性思维的方式像我们你阐述了,当前教育系统下培养出来的大学生聪明,有天赋,而且斗志昂扬,但同时又充满焦虑,胆小怕事,对未来一篇茫然,极度缺乏好奇心和目标感。
他们非常善于解决手头问题,但却又不知道为什么要解决这些问题。
威廉·德雷谢维奇(WilliamDeresiewicz),毕业于哥伦比亚大学,在耶鲁大学担任过10年英文教授,在哥伦比亚大学担任过5年研究生导师。
他的__《精英教育的劣势》(TheDisadvantageofanEliteEducation)在络上点击率超过100万次。
除了经常应邀在各个大学发表演讲之外,他还是一名颇有影响力的文学评论家,其__经常出现在《纽约时报》、《大西洋月刊》、《国家》、《新共和》上。
《优秀的绵羊》告诉我们学生该如何找到真正的自我,不做那只优秀的绵羊?当今的教育系统是一个强迫你选择是学习还是成功的系统,这是作者威廉·德雷谢维奇的观点,事实上是否真的这样?我们回顾一下自己今天所经历的现状,大概不会否认威廉的这一观点,每一个当家长的一边渴望能给孩子一个快乐的童年,一边又担心孩子会输在起跑线上。
读技校的优缺点英语作文
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读技校的优缺点英语作文Exploring the Pros and Cons of Vocational Education。
In recent years, vocational education has gained significant attention as an alternative pathway for students. This essay will delve into the advantages and disadvantages of attending a vocational school, analyzing its impact on students and society as a whole.Advantages of Vocational Education。
Firstly, vocational education offers practical and hands-on training in specific trades or skills. Unlike traditional academic subjects, vocational programs focus on teaching students the practical aspects of their chosen field, preparing them for immediate entry into the workforce. This specialized training can lead to quicker job placement and a smoother transition from education to employment.Moreover, vocational schools often have strong ties with industry partners. This collaboration allows students to gain real-world experience through internships, apprenticeships, or cooperative programs. These opportunities not only enhance their skills but also provide valuable networking connections that can lead to job offers upon graduation.Additionally, vocational education can be more cost-effective than traditional college degrees. Many vocational programs are shorter in duration, requiring less time and money to complete. This affordability makes vocational education accessible to a wider range of students,including those who may not have the means to pursue afour-year degree.Furthermore, vocational skills are in high demand across various industries. As technology advances and job markets evolve, there is a growing need for skilled workers in fields such as healthcare, information technology, construction, and manufacturing. By acquiring relevant vocational training, students can position themselves forstable and rewarding careers in these in-demand sectors.Disadvantages of Vocational Education。
法国精英教育的现实问题及其启示
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法国精英教育的现实问题及其启示作者:戴永玉来源:《文学教育》 2021年第6期戴永玉内容摘要:法国精英教育数年来以“高质量”人才输出著称,其培养的人才也一直被世界各国认可。
在法国,以高等专科学院为核心的精英教育体系下,来自国家行政学院、巴黎综合理工学院、巴黎高等师范学院的优秀毕业生占据了各个领域的大部分高层管理者职位,成为法国国家和社会生活中的主导者。
法国精英教育取得了卓越成效的同时,也存在一些不可忽视的问题,涉及教育公平、教育开放和教育平等方面。
法国精英教育给我国高等教育带来思考与启示,主要有财政教育投入与管理力度、践行高等学校分类发展观念、搭建高等学校之间的沟通桥梁、构建完善的“精英教育”式的培养体系。
关键词:法国精英教育财政投入分类发展法国精英教育的对象是经过严格选拔后留下的少数极具天赋和潜质的优质生,精英教育的目标则是教育这些学生,塑造其心智和个性,力求培养成为理论水平、专业知识和实践能力超群的高级官员、高级管理人员和高级科技人员。
以巴黎政治大学为例,自法兰西第五共和国成立以来,八位总统中就有六位总统曾在此校就读。
那么,法国的精英教育是完美的吗?“双一流高校”作为中国高等教育精英人才的主要培养基地,可以照搬他们的这种教育模式吗?高等学院应该如何发展?本文试图从这些问题出发,探讨法国精英教育对中国高等教育发展的启示。
一.法国精英教育的主要问题法国精英教育取得了卓越成效,但这并不意味着法国的精英教育是绝对完美的。
人们在肯定精英教育培养了一代代杰出人才的同时,并没有忽视它其实是一种有缺陷的制度。
而这样的缺陷,虽然没有具体影响到学生个体的发展,但对于一个国家要稳健发展来说,是一个绝对不容忽视的问题。
法国精英教育所存在的主要问题体现在三个层面:(一)有条件的教育公平法国在追求平等、博爱、自由的同时在权力与社会等级上的划分也表现的十分明显,因此法国的精英教育在教育公平上存在一定的条件性,而这种条件性在起点、过程和结果中都有体现。
精英教育的劣势-精简版
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“正如在耶鲁和哥伦比亚大学二十多年的经验显示的,名牌学校不断地鼓励学生为能到这些地方上学而自豪,不断夸耀名牌大学经历能给他们带来的好处。
”“既然有这么多资源投入到精英教育的事业中,有这么多人来争夺向上阶梯的有限空间,我们有必要问一下最后你到底能得到什么,我们整体能得到了什么,因为正如大学不厌其烦地提醒他们的,当今的精英学生是未来的领袖。
我们这些最好的大学已经忘记了存在的理由是塑造灵魂而不是创造职业。
”“精英教育的第一个劣势是它让你无法和与你不同的人进行交流。
”“名牌大学应该提供了人道主义教育,但是人性的第一个原则是古罗马戏剧家泰伦斯(Terence)的原则‘只要与人有关的事我都不陌生’。
精英教育的第一个劣势就是它让你疏远了众多人性特征。
”“第二个劣势隐含在我一直在讲的观点里,那就是精英教育灌输了一种虚假的自我价值。
考上名牌大学,在名牌大学上学,毕业于名牌大学都取决于分数排名(如大学入学考试(SAT)平均分(GPA)、研究生入学考试(GRE))你学会了用那些分数来评价自己。
分数不仅放大了你的命运,而且放大了你的身份,不仅放大了你的身份,而且放大了你的价值。
人们一直说那些考试真正检验的是你的考试能力,但是即使它们确实测量出真实的内容,也不过是真实情况中的一小部分而已。
问题开始于你鼓励学生忘掉这个真理时刻,功课方面的优秀成为绝对意义上的优秀时,“在某方面出色”变成了“出色”时。
”“对自己的智慧或者知识感到自豪没有任何不对的地方,问题出现在名牌大学录取通知书进入家门的时刻起,是名牌大学所纵容的沾沾自喜和自我吹捧。
这些明确无误的信息贯穿于从大学入学教育到毕业的整个过程,体现在每个人的音调、头脑的倾斜、传统名校宣传、学生报纸的每篇文章、院长的每篇演说中。
这个信息就是你来了,欢迎加入这个俱乐部。
必然结果也同样明白无误:你理应得到因为你到了这里而能得到的一切东西。
当人们说名牌大学学生有强烈的权利意识,他们的意思是这些学生认为他们因为分数比别人高所以理应得到比别人更多的东西。
Unit 8 education and employment
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Unit 8 education and employment1、the advantages of an elite education P176 第二段最后一句Superior educational environment,better interpersonal connections and more better job opportinities that will make you succeed easily.2、the disadvantages of an elite education①It makes the elite incapable of talking to people who aren’t like them(the education taught them the people who don’t go to the famoue schools weren’t worth talking to so as to they will draw the line between the ordinary people)②One of the disadvantages of the elite education is the temptation it offers to mediocrity,another is the temptation it offers to security (it gives them the chance to be rich ,but they can’t choose the job what they really like,otherwise they will be considered not to realize their value and they tend to give up more quickly than others and be afraid of fail )③It inculcates(灌输)a false sense of self-worth.(they think of themselves in terms of the numerical rankings to signify their fate,identity and value and then will become smugness and self-congratulation沾沾自喜的)④It’s profoundly anti-intellectual.(the elite have to do more homework and they don’t be taught to be passionate about ideas and not just for getting a good grade.the true purpose of education is to make minds,not careers)3、what’s the elite education?recognized standards of higher education,It is impossible for most people to receive this kind of education , it can only be selected again and again, and finally only a small part of the persons can be admitted.secondly,they are very smart.4、精英教育到底会不会给你带来成功。
精英教育的弊端
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威廉 德 瑞 斯 维 兹 [ 著 ] 肖地 生 [ 译 ] 杨 向峰 [ 校 ]
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机会 。 事实上 一 些 机 会 在 被 创造 的 同时 ,另 外 一 些
机 会 也 在 失 去 ;一 些 能 力 获 得 发 展 的 同 时 别 , 的 能 力 也 在 削 弱 。 一 旦 意 识 到 这 一 点 , 你 会 觉 得 震 惊 而 , 且 是不可想象的。
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的二 十几 年使我 明 白 ,精英 大学 不 负责任地 让 它 们
超前教育的利和弊英语作文
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超前教育的利和弊英语作文Title: The Pros and Cons of Early Education。
Introduction:Early education, also known as advanced or accelerated education, refers to the practice of providing academic instruction to children at an earlier age than the traditional schooling system. While this approach has gained popularity in recent years, it is essential to critically examine the advantages and disadvantages it presents. This essay aims to explore the benefits and drawbacks of early education.Advantages of Early Education:1. Enhanced Cognitive Development:One of the primary advantages of early education is the potential for enhanced cognitive development. Young mindsare highly receptive to learning, and exposing them to educational activities at an early age can stimulate brain development. This can lead to improved problem-solving skills, critical thinking abilities, and overallintellectual growth.2. Academic Excellence:Early education can lay a strong foundation for academic success. By introducing children to basic concepts and skills at an early age, they can develop a solid understanding of various subjects. This early exposure may result in better academic performance throughout their educational journey.3. Social and Emotional Development:Early education programs often prioritize social interaction and emotional development. These programs provide opportunities for children to interact with peers, fostering the development of social skills such as communication, cooperation, and empathy. Moreover, earlyeducation can help children develop emotional resilience and adaptability, preparing them for future challenges.4. Increased Confidence and Independence:Through early education, children gain confidence in their abilities and become more independent. As they accomplish academic tasks and acquire new skills, their self-esteem grows. This newfound confidence can positively impact their overall personality development and future endeavors.5. Early Identification of Special Talents or Needs:Early education allows educators to identify special talents or needs in children at an early stage. This enables timely intervention and support for children who may require additional assistance or enrichment. Identifying and nurturing talents at an early age can lead to better outcomes in the long run.Disadvantages of Early Education:1. Pressure and Stress:Early education can place significant pressure and stress on young children. The intense focus on academic achievement at an early age may lead to burnout, anxiety, and a negative attitude towards learning. Children may feel overwhelmed by the expectations placed upon them, hindering their overall well-being.2. Limited Time for Play and Exploration:Early education often emphasizes structured learning, leaving limited time for unstructured play and exploration. Play is crucial for a child's holistic development, fostering creativity, imagination, and problem-solving skills. Excessive academic demands may restrict the opportunities for children to engage in spontaneous play and self-discovery.3. Lack of Childhood:Early education may limit the amount of time children have to enjoy their childhood. The pressure to meet academic milestones can result in a reduced focus on recreational activities, hobbies, and personal interests. The absence of a balanced childhood experience can hinder the development of social, emotional, and life skills.4. Potential for Burnout:The intense academic workload and high expectations associated with early education can lead to burnout in both children and parents. This can have long-term negative effects on mental health and overall well-being. It is crucial to strike a balance between academic pursuits and personal well-being.5. Potential for Inequality:Early education programs may not be accessible to all children due to financial constraints or limited availability. This can create disparities and inequalities, with only a select group of children benefiting fromadvanced education. It is essential to ensure equal opportunities for all children, regardless of their socioeconomic background.Conclusion:While early education offers several advantages such as enhanced cognitive development, academic excellence, and social growth, it is crucial to consider the potential disadvantages. The pressure, limited playtime, potentialfor burnout, and the risk of inequality must be addressed to create a balanced and inclusive educational system. Ultimately, the decision to pursue early education should be based on a comprehensive understanding of its benefits and drawbacks, with a focus on the holistic development and well-being of each child.。
研究生英语读写译教程 Unit 4答案, Book 2
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Key to Unit 4, Book 2Text AChinese Translation精英教育的劣势威廉·德莱塞维茨1 我到了三十五岁时才突然意识到我的教育可能存在一些漏洞。
我刚刚买了房子,需要安装水管,请来的水管工就站在我的厨房里。
他个子矮小,留着山羊胡,说话带着很重的波士顿口音,我忽然发现我压根儿就不知道该如何和这样一个人交谈。
在我看来,他的经历如此陌生,他的价值观如此难以推测,他的语言怪异难懂,在他开始干活之前,我都没有办法和他闲聊几句。
我曾接受过十四年的高等教育,拥有好几所常青藤名校的学位,可以用好几种语言和其他国家的人侃侃而谈,却无法和这个站在我家里的人聊天。
2 过了这么长时间我才发现我所接受的教育的错误程度,这并不让人吃惊,因为精英教育绝不可能让你认识到它自身的不足。
正如在耶鲁和哥伦比亚大学二十多年的经验告诉我,名牌学校不遗余力地蛊惑学生为能到这些地方上学而自豪,不断地夸耀名牌大学经历能给他们带来的好处。
精英教育的优势当然是不可不论的。
至少某些方式上,你学会思考,并建立一些必要的人际关系,从而为日后能拥有让世人珍视羡慕的生活打下基础。
如果认为它创造了一些机会,却取消了其他机会,培养了一些能力,却削弱了其他能力,这种情况不仅是大逆不道的,而且是不可思议的。
3 正如我那天在厨房里所认识到的,精英教育的第一个劣势是它让你无法和与你不同的人交流。
精英大学常常夸耀其多元化,但这种多元化几乎总局限于民族和种族的范畴。
在阶级方面,这些学校基本上越来越趋同化。
如果你去拜访我们这个伟大的国家的任何一所精英大学,你会惊讶地发现白人商贾名流和专业人士的子女和黑人、亚裔、拉丁美洲裔的商贾名流和专业人士的子女一起学习和玩耍的温馨美妙的场景。
与此同时,因为这些学校倾向于培养自由开放的态度,所以让学生们陷入矛盾的困境,他们愿意为劳动阶层代言,却无法与来自这个阶层的人民进行简单的交流。
让我们回顾一下上次民主党的两位总统提名候选人戈尔和克里吧:他们一个来自哈佛,一个来自耶鲁,两人都很真诚、体面、富有智慧,但他们都根本无法和广大的选民们沟通。
美国精英教育在堕落
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国际思想周报︱美国精英教育在堕落美国哈佛大学校园东方IC 图美国精英阶层的堕落和精英教育诸劣势万维刚的一篇《精致的利己主义者和常青藤的绵羊》再度引发对美国大学精英教育的关注,文章认为美国藤校看似注重素质教育,培养出来的不过是另一种形式的绵羊,最终奔向功利的目标,金钱成为越来越重要的考量。
“老贵族非常讲究无私、荣誉、勇气和坚韧这样的品质。
那时候当学校说要培养服务社会精神和领导力这些东西的时候,他们是玩真的。
今日新贵充斥的大学简直是在折射美国精英阶层的堕落。
”本文的大部分观点来自去年出版的《优秀的绵羊》(Excellent Sheep),作者是美国著名作家威廉·德莱赛维茨(William Deresiewicz),一直在撰文揭示美国精英教育的劣势。
在更早的文章中,德莱赛维茨就讨论过精英教育对学生造成的不利影响:疏远人性、鼓吹虚假的自我价值、提供平庸和安全的诱惑、消磨欣赏孤独的能力。
德莱赛维茨认为,精英教育会让你无法和与你不同的人进行交流。
精英大学常常夸耀自己的多元化,但是这种多元化几乎总是限于种族和民族的范畴。
说到阶级,这些学校基本上越来越多地趋同化。
如果到美国的任何一所名牌大学看看,就会惊讶地发现白人商贾名流和专业人士的子女和黑人、亚裔、拉丁裔商贾名流和专业人士的子女一起学习和玩耍的温馨场景。
同时,他们愿意为工农阶层代言,却无法与来自这些阶层的人进行简单交流。
精英教育还灌输了一种虚假的自我价值。
名牌大学纵容沾沾自喜和自我吹捧。
这些明确无误的信息贯穿于从大学入学教育到毕业的整个过程,体现在每个人的音调、头脑的倾斜、传统名校宣传、学生报纸的每篇文章、院长的每篇演说中。
大学也反映了成人世界的运行方式。
对于精英,总有另一个宽限、不追究、赦免、恢复期等,总有众多的关系网、特别的薪金、乡村俱乐部、会议、年终奖、分红等。
“有资格的平庸”实际上是政府的运行原则,也是公司化美国的运行原则,那些表现不佳的公司高管的丰厚薪水就是成人世界的A-分数。
大班授课弊端
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专八题目:The Disadvantages of Big Class Learning专八范文:One of my friends complains to me about his relationwith his professors saying that there is a far distancebetween the students and the faculties. As a matterof fact, this is not surprising. Due to t he expandedenrollment of college students, many universities cannot find enough faculties. It ha s been so commonthat hundreds of students crowd in a class listeningto a professor. They seldom have enough time to communicate in private.我的一位朋友抱怨他与他们老师的关系,说学生与老师之间的关系非常疏远。
事实上这不稀奇。
由于大学扩招,许多大学的师资力量严重短缺。
上百名学生一同上课是非常常见的现象。
学生与老师之间很少有时间能够私下交流。
As far as I am concerned, the big class learning has many disadvantages. First of all, the bigclass le arning is by no means conducive to the development of the critical thinking of thestudents. The c ollege education is still the elite education. Therefore, the quality of thegraduates is very importa nt. They need to be competent to get a decent job in the jobmarket. The making and developme nt of such qualities are done, most of the time, inclassroom.我认为大班授课有许多弊端。
英语口语问题
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1.What is elite education in your mind? Is it necessary in modern education? Try toanalyze both advantages of elite education. 7你在想什么是精英教育?在现代教育中有必要吗?试图分析精英教育的两个优点。
2.It’s reported that emerging Chinese buzzwords including “taobao”, ”dama”,and “hukuo”may make their way into the oxford English Dictionary. What do you think of the inclusion of buzzwords in the major English dictionary?6据报道,新兴的中文流行语,包括“淘宝”,“达马”和“hukuo”可能进入牛津英语词典。
你认为在主要的英语词典中包含流行语?3.Why do more and more Chinese students prefer to pursue their future education overseas?What are the advantages of studying overseas? What about the advantages and disadvantages of college education in China?7为什么越来越多的中国学生喜欢在海外继续他们的未来教育?在海外学习有什么好处?中国大学教育的优缺点是什么?4.What kind of return is there likely to be on the $125,000 investment of elite educationis such elite education worth the huge amount paid by parents? Discuss the second question from both the pro and con sides.7在精英教育的125,000美元投资中,可能会有什么样的回报,这样的精英教育是否值得父母付出巨大的金额?讨论亲和方的第二个问题。
耶鲁大学教授写的:精英教育的劣势 The disadvantages of elite education (中英文齐备)(转)
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耶鲁大学教授写的:精英教育的劣势The disadvantages of elite education (中英文齐备)(转)我到了三十五岁时才突然认识到我的教育可能存在一些漏洞。
It didn’t dawn on me that there might be a few holes in my education until I was about 35.我刚刚买了房子,需要安装水管,请来的管子工就站在我的厨房。
I’d just bought a house, the pipes needed fixing, and the plumber was standing in my kitchen他个子矮小、结实健壮,留着山羊胡,戴一顶红色棒球帽,说话操着浓浓的波士顿口音,我突然意识到根本就不知道该如何给人家讲话。
There he was, a short, beefy guy with a goatee and a Red Sox cap and a thick Boston accent, and I suddenly learned that I didn’t have the slightest idea what to say to someone like him.在我看来,他的经历是如此陌生,他的价值观是如此难以预测,他的语言怪异难懂,在他开始干活前,连和他闲聊几句都不可能。
So alien was his experience to me, so unguessable his values, so mysterious his very language, that I couldn’t succeed in engaging him in a few minutes of small talk before he got down to work.我十四年的大学教育和在几所常春藤大学工作的经历使得我傻乎乎站在那里,笨拙不堪,尴尬不已。
研究生英语口语
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Unit One Schooling1. Kind teacher and tough teacher, which kinds of teachers do you prefer?In my opinion, teachers need to balance in all aspects of teaching. They need to maintain classroom control and organization without being overbearing. They need to create a community of learners but still respects the individual needs of their students. They have to be a mentor figure and also a friend. It is the teachers who should understand this balance between being kind and being tough.2. Conventional education VS. Modern educationI see many people points, but I can’t really agree with them. In fact, I love conventional education which is demanding and though. In my opinion, strict discipline and unyielding demands help me correct mistakes. However, praise makes me weak, because praise kills the self-esteem which is predictor of success. What's more, unsentimental teachers are better than nice teacher. When you consider moderate stress, I think it makes one stronger. Also, everyone needs rote memorization. You know that only in drill and practice can I speak fluently. Hence I outperform my peers in the rest of the class.3. Would you like your English teacher to correct your errors more or less often? why?I would like my English teacher to correct my errors more, because some teachers don't believe in error correction as a way of learning language. Some language learners and teachers believe that people should learn English as a Foreign Language exactly how babies learn their own language, without any error correction. The majority of teachers and researchers believe, however, that the right amount of error correction done at the right time and in the right way is a very important factor in successful language learning. So I would like my English teacher to correct my errors more.Unit Two Music1.Do you think music make you smarter or healthier?There is a well-documented link between music and learning. There has been music since human started to make sounds. With the technological development, people have invented many music players to enjoy. You know that there are too many functions of music. For example, music makes things more lively and interesting. During the studying time, it makes things better for people to understand and enjoy. And absolutely, music helps people remember things well. What’s more, the singers express his feeling through music. After daily work, music makes me relaxed and feels good. It is acknowledged that music help people forget their pain.2. Describe the music you like most and tell me why?I like classic music. It usually has a slow rhythm and a pleasant melody. Listening to the music, I can soon be refreshed from a day's hard work and relax. Breathing and heart rate can also be altered by the changes classic music can bring. Greatly promote not only relaxation, but health. The right song can put anybody in a better mood and emotional turmoil.Unit Three Culture1. Preserving Purity or Fighting a Losing Battle?I see many people points, but I can’t really agree with them. In fact, I think different language usage appeal to our emotion. You know that every language allows their people to change the language standardization when they are very happy or excited. What’s more, I believe“non-Chinese” needs definition, because modern words may be “non-Chinese” in the past when created firstly. All the language is by no means unchanging. And, every ban is incompetence in solving the problem. If a language can successfully function in communication, it is a “good” language. To protect the purity of a language is a waste of time and energy, especially at a time when there is the “information explosion”.2. Do you think those network catchwords can be accepted by English-speaking people?Chinglish has been accepted by more and more people, and some of its phrases, expressions and sentences have been introduced to English as standard English. Such as the sentence "long time no see". Actually it's a wrong sentence in grammar. However, many English-speaking people use it in daily greeting. Likewise, "Guanxi" a word used in China to describe a type of relationship, is seen in English media all the times.I do agree that language is a tool of communication. But in my opinion, it depends. If we talk with foreigners in Chinglish, as long as it makes sense, it is ok. But when we put it in written English, Standard English should be first priority.Unit four Film1. Describe the best film you have ever seen.I’m going to discuss a movie that I found absolutely thrilling. The movie’s name is <your name>.Firstly, it is masterpiece. I was very much surprised by the beautiful picture and wonderful background music. In my opinion, it has brilliant story and the actors' performances are outstanding.2. Key to Disney's SuccessI think there are too many r easons why Disney’s success. Firstly, Disney knows what your value and why, they know what you like to watch. And it demonstrates the courage of leadership. What’s more, it don't compromise quality, they will say no to low quality movie s. And their leaders believe money is a means, never an end. You know that Disney think deeply and considerate from all directions. They won’t do something wrong for the money. And in fact, it always exceeds customer expectations, may be you just want to feel good, but they will do better.Unit five The Internet1. Describe an interesting website you have visited.Today I’d like to introduce . As is known to all, it’s a web portal in China. You can use it to set up an e-mail account or blog, check the news and weather or take some online question on fun topics like “How long before you’re the boss?” It wasn’t very difficult to find because almost everyone meets its advertisements. For instance, there’s a search engine that helps you find whatever you’re looking for, an d links sorted by topic so you can find a lot of other relevant WebPages. You might think it’s crazy, but in my opinion, what makes this website interesting is the flash games and news. Whenever I have a little time to kill, I log on to try them. It’s updated every day, so there’s always something new for everyone to enjoy.2. Celebrities’ privacy should be publicized or protected on the internet?I see many people points, but I can’t really agree with them. In fact, I think c elebrities’ privacy should be protected on the internet. Firstly, They do need their own privacy and they have the right to it, just like any other person. And I still don’t know why there are some people think highly of their own privacy but ignore others. What’s more, everyone has a right to privacy andthe paparazzi should not be allowed to interfere in their lives. Well, every individual's lifestyle should remain private so as not to interfere with their professional success.Unit six Dictionary1. Do you often use the dictionary? Are dictionaries important?I often refer to a dictionary for some new words. Besides, browsing the dictionary can enlarge my vocabulary and enrich my knowledge. I think dictionary is necessary for students and learners to study a new language, especially when they are unsure of the word spelling or meaning.2. Describe your dictionaryMy dictionary is Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary. It is the latest edition published by the Oxford University Press. It is about four times as thick as a normal textbook. Some people may complain about its weight. However, I don’t see it as a serious problem. The functions of my dictionary are various, including giving definitions, introducing usages, and comparing synonyms, etc. Whenever I feel confused about the denotation and content of some words, I turn to it for help. In addition, the colorful pages in the dictionary help make some animals, mountains, and rivers pleasant to my eyes.3. E-Dictionary vs. Book DictionaryE-dictionary, a portable electronic device, is my favorite. When it comes to the functions of e-dictionary, it gives definitions and usages of the new word in a similar way as the traditional ones, but it's quite small in size as opposed to the bulk of print dictionary. And, a striking feature that makes e-dictionary special to me is its help with my pronunciations. Articulating the new words, it improves my oral English. It can also be used as a relaxing tool as mp3, mp4, or game machine, which amuses me a great deal. The only thing that bothers me a bit about this gadget is its limited display space. Some people complained about the battery life. But that’s not much of a problem for me.4.What do you think of the including Chinese buzzwords in the major English dictionary?As we all know, Tuhao are rich people with poor tastes, uncultured wealth, Dama are a group who dance in the square every evening. The Chinese “Dama” and “Tuhao” often go abroad for shopping so that they have more contact with foreigners. With the development of China, Chinese culture has an increasing impact on a global scale. The Wall Street vs. Chinese “Dama” gold price fight made Chinese Dama famous. Its popularity helps the dictionary to script the Chinese buzzwords. The lexicographer wants to get good readership with Chinese users.Unit 7 Education and Employment1. The disadvantages of elite educationI see many people points, but I can’t really agree with them. In fact, elite education makes you incapable of talking to people who aren’t like you. For example, you can’t talk with someone who fixes your house’s pipes. And elite education inculcates a false sense of self-worth. You know that there are too many college students look down on somebody with low educational level. What’s more, I believe that it is profoundly anti-intellectual, may be the parents have high educational level, their child also have it.2. Is Harvard worth it?Harvard is presumably superior educational environment, better alumni connections, andmore lucrative on-campus recruiting opportunities. However, there’s plenty of anecdotal evidence that an elite education is hardly necessary. There is no economic advantage to choose an expensive, mediocre private school over a top public one. And talented students in every-where will rise to the top. What’s more, I believe that determining the payoff of an elite education also depends on how you calculate the return.Unit eight Travel1. What would make you wiser, traveling 10,000 miles or reading 10,000 books?I see many people points, but I can’t really agree with them. In fact, I think traveling a thousand miles can make people wiser. Travel is the best means for getting knowl edge of actual experience. It is much more exciting and active than reading. It is necessary for a pe rson to expand his horizon. It can help you to see new customs, eat new foods, and do new thing s .When you have a chance or enough money and time; you can travel around the world. It also he lps you to make new friends wherever you go. And it will make you wiser and make your life more pleasant. Then you will have a deep understanding of the people and the world.2.Travel is a double-edged sword.Although travel improves the local economic level, it also brings too much bad effects, and many of these impacts are linked with the construction of infrastructure and of tourism facilities. Tourism development can put pressure on water, local resources, land resources and pollution. A lack of land-use planning and building regulations in many destinations has facilitated sprawling developments. For example, in areas with high concentration, waste disposal is a serious problem and improper disposal can be a major despoiler. In mountain areas, trekking tourists generate waste. And construction of hotels often leads to increased sewage.2. Where is ideal/dream places do you like to visit? Why?Guilin is a key tourist city of well-known culture and history in China. More people come to Guilin for a visit, deeply impressed and giving high praises. Guilin is situated along the Lijiang River, which is an attractive in itself. The beauty of water and the Karst peaks towering into the sky have attracted travelers to this area for centuries. As to me, I prefer to travel with a companion. Firstly, we can deal with the possible problems and difficulties in the journey. Secondly, I like to share the pleasure of traveling with others. In sum, both traveling alone and traveling with a companion have their attractions, and you can find the pleasure from either one.3. What do you think is the greatest issue the tourism industry is facing nowadays?Although tourism is booming in China in recent years, a series of problems, such as ecology, destruction and environmental pollution, have limited the further development of tourism, with the development of economy, people's living standards are rising, and the desire to travel is becoming more and more urgent. The tourism industry is developing in the developed countries. These countries often pay much attention to the non economic value of tourism. In developing countries, people tend to pay more attention to the economic value and the contribution to the national economy. So t he actual environmental problems faced by China’s tourism industry are not optimistic.。
教育利弊 英文作文
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教育利弊英文作文Education has its advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, education provides people with knowledge and skills that are essential for their personal and professional development. It helps individuals to think critically and analytically, and prepares them for the challenges of the real world. However, on the other hand, the traditional education system can be rigid and inflexible, focusing more on memorization and standardized testing rather than fostering creativity and independent thinking.In addition, education can also be a source of inequality. Students from privileged backgrounds often have better access to quality education, while those from marginalized communities may face barriers to learning. This perpetuates social and economic disparities, creating a cycle of disadvantage for certain groups of people.Furthermore, the pressure to perform well in academicscan take a toll on students' mental and emotional well-being. The intense competition and high expectations can lead to stress, anxiety, and even depression. This can have long-term effects on their overall health and happiness.Moreover, the cost of education can be a burden for many families. From tuition fees to expenses for books and materials, the financial strain of obtaining a good education can be overwhelming. This can limit opportunities for those who cannot afford to pursue higher education, further perpetuating social inequality.In conclusion, while education is undeniably important for personal and societal development, it also comes with its own set of challenges and drawbacks. It is crucial for the education system to evolve and adapt to the changing needs of society, in order to provide equal opportunities for all and support the holistic well-being of students.。
英语作文-高等教育行业中的精英教育与人才选拔
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英语作文-高等教育行业中的精英教育与人才选拔Elite Education and Talent Selection in the Higher Education Industry。
In recent years, the concept of elite education and talent selection has become a hot topic in the higher education industry. With the increasing competition for limited resources and opportunities, it has become crucial to identify and nurture the best talents. This article aims to explore the significance of elite education and talent selection in the higher education industry and discuss the various methods employed in this process.Firstly, elite education plays a vital role in cultivating outstanding individuals who possess the necessary knowledge, skills, and competencies to excel in their respective fields. By providing a rigorous and specialized curriculum, elite educational institutions are able to challenge students and push them to their limits. These institutions often have renowned faculty members who are experts in their fields, further enhancing the learning experience. Moreover, elite education fosters a competitive environment that encourages students to strive for excellence and surpass their own limitations.Secondly, talent selection is a crucial aspect of the higher education industry. It involves identifying individuals with exceptional abilities and potential and providing them with the necessary support and resources to further develop their talents. Talent selection can be conducted through various methods, such as standardized tests, interviews, and portfolio assessments. These methods aim to evaluate not only academic achievements but also personal qualities, such as leadership skills, creativity, and critical thinking abilities. By selecting the best talents, educational institutions can ensure a high level of academic performance and contribute to the overall development of society.In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on holistic talent selection, which takes into account not only academic achievements but also personal qualities and experiences. This approach recognizes that academic excellence alone is not sufficient topredict future success. Instead, it considers a range of factors, such as extracurricular activities, community involvement, and personal achievements. By considering a holistic set of criteria, talent selection can identify individuals who possess not only the necessary knowledge but also the motivation and passion to make a significant impact in their chosen fields.Furthermore, the higher education industry has witnessed the emergence of innovative approaches to elite education and talent selection. For instance, some institutions have introduced specialized programs and courses that cater to the specific needs and interests of high-achieving students. These programs provide a more focused and in-depth education, allowing students to explore their passions and develop their expertise. Additionally, technology has played a significant role in talent selection, with online platforms and assessment tools enabling institutions to reach a wider pool of candidates and evaluate their abilities more efficiently.In conclusion, elite education and talent selection are essential components of the higher education industry. They contribute to the cultivation of outstanding individuals who possess the necessary knowledge, skills, and competencies to excel in their respective fields. Through rigorous curricula and specialized programs, elite educational institutions challenge students and foster a competitive environment that encourages excellence. Moreover, talent selection methods have evolved to consider a holistic set of criteria, recognizing the importance of personal qualities and experiences. As the higher education industry continues to evolve, it is crucial to prioritize elite education and talent selection to ensure the development of exceptional individuals who can contribute to the advancement of society.。
精英教育阻碍成长的案例(2篇)
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第1篇在我国,精英教育一直被视为培养未来领袖和优秀人才的重要途径。
然而,近年来,越来越多的声音开始质疑精英教育的有效性,认为其过于强调竞争和功利,反而可能阻碍学生的全面发展。
以下是一个关于精英教育阻碍成长的案例,让我们共同探讨这一问题。
一、案例背景小明,一个出生在普通家庭的孩子,从小学习成绩优异,备受老师和家长的宠爱。
为了让他接受更好的教育,父母不惜一切代价将他送入一所知名的贵族学校。
在这所学校里,小明成为了佼佼者,经常在各种竞赛中获奖。
然而,随着时间的推移,小明却变得越来越沉默寡言,失去了往日的活力。
二、精英教育的弊端1. 过度竞争在贵族学校,竞争异常激烈。
为了在各种竞赛中取得好成绩,学生们不得不付出巨大的努力。
这种竞争不仅体现在学术上,还渗透到了生活的方方面面。
小明在班级中始终保持着优异的成绩,但他的内心却承受着巨大的压力。
为了保持领先地位,他不得不放弃许多兴趣爱好,将全部精力投入到学习中。
2. 过于功利贵族学校的教育往往过于功利。
学生们被灌输“考上好大学,找到好工作”的观念,将成绩视为衡量一切的标准。
在这种环境下,学生们失去了对知识的热爱,只为了追求分数和荣誉。
小明虽然成绩优异,但他对所学知识并没有太多兴趣,只是为了迎合家长和老师的期望。
3. 缺乏关爱在贵族学校,学生们往往被忽视。
老师们更关注那些在竞赛中获奖的学生,而忽略了其他学生的感受。
小明虽然成绩优异,但在班级中却显得孤独。
他很少与同学交流,缺乏人际交往的能力。
这种缺乏关爱的环境,让小明变得越来越沉默寡言。
三、精英教育阻碍成长的案例分析1. 心理压力过大在精英教育环境下,学生们面临着巨大的心理压力。
为了保持领先地位,他们不得不付出更多的努力,这种压力往往导致心理问题。
小明在竞争中逐渐失去了自信,甚至产生了厌学情绪。
2. 缺乏创造力精英教育过于注重知识的灌输和成绩的提升,忽视了学生的创造力培养。
小明在课堂上总是按照老师的思路走,缺乏独立思考的能力。
教育利弊 英文作文
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教育利弊英文作文Education has both advantages and disadvantages. On one hand, education equips individuals with knowledge andskills that are essential for their personal and professional development. It provides opportunities for people to learn about different subjects and gain a deeper understanding of the world around them. Moreover, education fosters critical thinking and problem-solving abilities, enabling individuals to make informed decisions and contribute to society. Additionally, education promotes social interactions and cultural exchange, allowing people from diverse backgrounds to come together and learn from one another.On the other hand, education can also have its drawbacks. Firstly, the pressure to succeed in education can be overwhelming for some individuals. The emphasis on grades and academic achievements can lead to high levels of stress and anxiety among students. Moreover, the rigid structure of educational systems may limit creativity andindividuality. Students are often expected to conform to certain standards and follow a predetermined curriculum, which may hinder their ability to explore their owninterests and talents. Additionally, the cost of education can be a barrier for many individuals, preventing them from accessing quality education and limiting theiropportunities for personal growth and advancement.Furthermore, education is not always able to addressthe diverse needs and interests of every individual. The standardized approach to education may not cater to the unique learning styles and abilities of students. This can result in some students feeling disengaged and unmotivatedin the classroom. Moreover, the focus on academic achievements may overshadow the importance of other skills and qualities that are equally valuable, such as creativity, emotional intelligence, and practical skills.In conclusion, while education offers numerous benefits such as acquiring knowledge, fostering critical thinking, and promoting social interactions, it also has its disadvantages. The pressure to succeed, the lack ofindividuality, and the limitations of a standardized approach are some of the drawbacks associated with education. It is important to recognize and address these challenges in order to create an inclusive and effective educational system that caters to the diverse needs and interests of individuals.。
从权利平等、机会平等到发展平等——基于我国倾斜性招生政策的分析
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从权利平等、机会平等到发展平等——基于我国倾斜性招生政策的分析引言:在现代社会中,追求平等一直是人类不懈追求的目标之一。
平等涵盖了多个层面,包括权利平等、机会平等和发展平等。
作为一个发展中国家,中国面临着追求平等的挑战。
为了实现教育公平,我国实施了倾斜性招生政策。
本文将分析这一政策对于平等的影响,以及如何进一步实现发展平等。
正文:1. 权利平等权利平等是指每个人都享有相同的权利和机会。
在教育领域,权利平等意味着每个人都有平等接受教育的机会。
然而,在我国,由于地域、贫富差距等原因,不同地区、不同社会阶层的学生往往面临着不同程度的教育机会不均等问题。
为了解决这一问题,我国采取了倾斜性招生政策,通过为劣势社会群体提供特殊政策和待遇,弥补其教育机会的不均等。
2. 机会平等机会平等是指每个人都有平等的机会去争取自己的权益。
在教育领域,机会平等意味着每个人都有平等的机会进入理想的学校。
然而,由于家庭背景、贫富差距等因素,学生面临着不同的教育机会。
倾斜性招生政策通过给予劣势社会群体更多的机会和优惠政策,帮助他们更好地获得高等教育的机会。
3. 发展平等发展平等是指每个人都有相同的发展机会和条件。
在教育领域,发展平等意味着每个人都有相同的发展机会,不受个体差异和社会背景的制约。
倾斜性招生政策在促进发展平等方面发挥了积极作用。
通过加强贫困地区和农村地区的教育资源投入,倾斜性招生政策扩大了受教育机会,帮助更多贫困地区的学生实现了教育的机会均等化。
4. 倾斜性招生政策的问题与挑战然而,倾斜性招生政策也面临着一些问题和挑战。
首先,政策的实施标准和具体措施存在不确定性。
不同地区、不同学校对于贫困生和农村地区学生的录取标准不一致,导致公平性受到质疑。
其次,政策的实施不够完善,特殊政策的参照标准、具体操作并不统一,容易导致不公平现象的出现。
此外,倾斜性招生政策在解决了教育机会不均等的同时,也可能导致精英教育的削弱,降低学校的整体教育质量。
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精英教育的劣势The disadvantages of elite education (中英文齐备)也是超超超赞的一篇article来源:肖问渠的日志摘要:本文简要探讨了精英教育对学生造成的不利影响,揭露了精英教育疏远人性、鼓吹虚假的自我价值、提供平庸和安全的诱惑、消磨欣赏孤独的能力等劣势,指出大学的宗旨是塑造灵魂而不是培养就业能力。
我到了三十五岁时才突然认识到我的教育可能存在一些漏洞。
我刚刚买了房子,需要安装水管,请来的管子工就站在我的厨房。
他个子矮小、结实健壮,留着山羊胡,戴一顶红色棒球帽,说话操着浓浓的波士顿口音,我突然意识到根本就不知道该如何给人家讲话。
在我看来,他的经历是如此陌生,他的价值观是如此难以预测,他的语言怪异难懂,在他开始干活前,连和他闲聊几句都不可能。
我十四年的大学教育和在几所常春藤大学工作的经历使得我傻乎乎站在那里,笨拙不堪,尴尬不已。
有个朋友称这种现象为“常春藤错位”。
我可以用外语和其他国家的人侃侃而谈,却无法和站在我家里的人说两句话。
我花费这么长时间才发现教育的错误程度并不让人吃惊,因为精英教育绝不可能让你认识到它自身的缺陷。
正如在耶鲁和哥伦比亚大学二十多年的经验显示的,名牌学校不断地鼓励学生为能到这些地方上学而自豪,不断夸耀名牌大学经历能给他们带来的好处。
精英教育的优势当然是不可否认的。
你至少在某些方式上学会思考,还可以建立一些日后开创事业所需要的人际关系,获得让世人羡慕的富裕生活或其他报答。
但是在这个背景下,如果认为它创造了一些机会,却丧失了其他机会,培养了有些能力,却其削弱了其他能力,不仅是大逆不道的而且是不可思议的。
我不是在谈论课程设置或者文化战争、美国思想的开放或者关闭、政治正确或者准则塑造或任何你拥有的东西,我是在讨论出现这些偏颇的整个体制。
不仅是常春藤学校或者其他大学,而且包括让你获得优越地位的整个机制:私立或富裕的公立“填鸭式”学校、越来越泛滥的辅导老师、备考课程和辅导班等准机构、导致录取与否的招生疯狂。
像通常情况一样,信息就是媒介。
精英大学课堂之前、之后、和周围都在集中灌输着价值观。
随着全球化加剧经济不安全感,学生、家长、和整个社会都越来越指望获得教育优势的整个机制。
既然有这么多资源投入到精英教育的事业中,有这么多人来争夺向上阶梯的有限空间,我们有必要问一下最后你到底能得到什么,我们整体能得到了什么,因为正如大学不厌其烦地提醒他们的,当今的精英学生是未来的领袖。
我们这些最好的大学已经忘记了存在的理由是塑造灵魂而不是创造职业。
正如我在厨房认识到的,精英教育的第一个劣势是它让你无法和与你不同的人进行交流。
精英大学常常夸耀自己的多元化,但是这种多元化几乎总是限于种族和民族的范畴。
说到阶级,这些学校基本上越来越多地趋同化。
如果你到我们伟大国家的任何一所名牌大学看看,就会惊讶地发现白人商贾名流和专业人士的子女和黑人、亚裔、拉丁裔商贾名流和专业人士的子女一起学习和玩耍的温馨场景。
与此同时,因为这些学校培养自由态度,所以让这些学生陷入矛盾的困境,他们愿意为工农阶层代言,却无法与来自这些阶层的人进行简单交流。
让我们回顾一下上次民主党的两个总统提名候选人戈尔和克里的情景吧。
他们一个来自哈佛,一个来自耶鲁,两人都是真诚、体面和富有智慧的人,但他们都根本无法和选民沟通交流。
但是这不仅仅是阶级问题。
我的教育让我相信没有进入常春藤大学或者其他名牌大学的人是不值得交谈的,不管他出身于什么阶级。
我得到的教育清清楚楚显示这些人低我一等。
正如名牌大学喜欢宣扬的,我们是“最好的、最聪明的人”,其他任何地方的人都与我们不同:没我们好,没我们聪明。
如果有人告诉我他们上的学校不那么有名气,我学会了表示理解地点点头,表现出些微同情地说“啊,”(如果我上了哈佛,有人问我在哪上学时,我学会了说“在波士顿”)。
我根本不知道没有上名牌大学的人中也有聪明人,实际上他们没能到那里常常正是因为阶级原因。
我根本不知道还有很多聪明人根本就没有上过大学。
我也了解到有些聪明人并不“聪明”。
智慧形式多样性的存在已经是个常识,但是不管精英大学多么喜欢夸耀新生班级里面有几个演员或者小提琴手,他们挑选和培养的智慧形式只是分析能力。
虽然这对于所有大学都可以说是真实的,但是精英大学恰恰因为学生(包括老师和管理者)在这方面的智慧程度如此之高,所以很容易忽略其他智慧形式的价值。
人们夸耀自己最擅长,最能给自己带来优势的东西是很自然的,但是社会智慧和感情智慧以及创造能力等在教育精英中的分配并不占优势(仅提出这三种智慧形式)。
“最优秀者”只是在狭隘意义上的最聪明者而已,人们要摆脱教育精英才能认识到这个问题。
那么在任何意义上都不聪明的人如何呢?我有个朋友从典型的普通公立中学毕业后考上了常春藤大学。
她说,进入这种学校的价值之一是它教给你如何与不聪明的人相处。
有人在精英大学的意义上聪明,有人在其他方面聪明,有人根本就不聪明。
如果与人交谈是了解他们的唯一真正的方法,不知道如何与他们交谈就是让人尴尬的事。
名牌大学应该提供了人道主义教育,但是人性的第一个原则是古罗马戏剧家泰伦斯(Terence)的原则“只要与人有关的事我都不陌生”。
精英教育的第一个劣势就是它让你疏远了众多人性特征。
第二个劣势隐含在我一直在讲的观点里,那就是精英教育灌输了一种虚假的自我价值。
考上名牌大学,在名牌大学上学,毕业于名牌大学都取决于分数排名(如大学入学考试(SAT)平均分(GPA)、研究生入学考试(GRE))你学会了用那些分数来评价自己。
分数不仅放大了你的命运,而且放大了你的身份,不仅放大了你的身份,而且放大了你的价值。
人们一直说那些考试真正检验的是你的考试能力,但是即使它们确实测量出真实的内容,也不过是真实情况中的一小部分而已。
问题开始于你鼓励学生忘掉这个真理时刻,功课方面的优秀成为绝对意义上的优秀时,“在某方面出色”变成了“出色”时。
对自己的智慧或者知识感到自豪没有任何不对的地方,问题出现在名牌大学录取通知书进入家门的时刻起,是名牌大学所纵容的沾沾自喜和自我吹捧。
这些明确无误的信息贯穿于从大学入学教育到毕业的整个过程,体现在每个人的音调、头脑的倾斜、传统名校宣传、学生报纸的每篇文章、院长的每篇演说中。
这个信息就是你来了,欢迎加入这个俱乐部。
必然结果也同样明白无误:你理应得到因为你到了这里而能得到的一切东西。
当人们说名牌大学学生有强烈的权利意识,他们的意思是这些学生认为他们因为分数比别人高所以理应得到比别人更多的东西。
在耶鲁,毫无疑问其他地方也一样,这个信息被让人尴尬的字面术语来强化。
该大学的物质形式,也就是四方院和住宿学院连同临街的建在围墙里的紧锁的哥特式石头、熟铁大门。
每个人携带的身份证决定了他可以从哪个门进入。
换句话说,这门就是控制性的比喻,因为大学的社会形式就是用同样方式构成的,每个名牌大学都是如此。
名牌大学都是被锁着的大门围起来的堡垒,只对经过挑选符合要求的人开放。
学生吸收这个教训的能力体现在他们在这些门里竖立起更多门槛的渴望,成立更加排他性的特殊团体,在耶鲁有著名的秘密社团,或者应该被称为公开的秘密社团,因为真正秘密的话将破坏他们的目的。
除非人们知道自己被排除在外了,否则排他性又有什么意义呢?精英教育的重大劣势之一是它教给你认为智慧和学术功课的测量标准是道德上或者形而上学意义上的价值判断标准,但实际上不是。
名牌大学的毕业生并不比愚蠢的人、不聪明的人、甚至懒惰的人更有价值。
他们的痛苦并不比他人更痛苦,他们的灵魂并不更重要。
如果我是信徒,我会说上帝并不爱他们更多。
政治上的隐含意义是清晰的。
正如约翰·罗斯金(John Ruskin)曾经对老精英说,当你用脑子的力量而不是用拳头的力量抓住你能得到的东西,并不说明你的邪恶就更少些。
罗斯金说“必须有人工作,也必须有工头,但是在成为工头和从工作中牟利之间存在巨大的差别。
”政治上的隐含意义不仅仅止于此。
精英教育不仅预示着你进入上层社会,一旦进入那里后,还训练你适应那里的生活。
我以前不知道这些,后来我对比了我和我的同学的经历以及进入克利夫兰州立大学的朋友的经历开始明白了。
在耶鲁大学有交作业的最后期限和考勤规定,但是没有人认真对待,如果请求可以申请推迟,如果旷课减少学分的威胁从来没有认真执行过。
换句话说,在耶鲁这样的大学,学生们有数不清的第二次机会。
但是在克里夫兰州立大学就没有。
我的朋友有一门本来一直成绩很好的课却得了很低的分数,因为她当班做侍应生的缘故迟交论文了一个小时。
这或许是个极端的例子,但在精英大学是不可思议的。
同样不可思议的是,她根本没有申诉的机会。
克里夫兰州立大学的学生们不像耶鲁的学生有一群顾问、辅导老师和系主任帮他们写作业晚交的情况说明,在需要的时候提供额外帮助,在跌倒的时候把他们扶起来。
他们得到的是来自冷漠官僚体制的批发性教育,不是由满脸笑容的工作人员把精心包装的包裹亲手交给他们。
他们很少有机会接触我的学生们经常接触的上层联系,比如来访的权力掮客演讲,和外国代表一起吃饭等。
他们也很少有机会得到各种特别基金资助,在耶鲁这样的地方,有各种各样的基金资助,比如旅行补贴、研究奖学金、演出奖励等。
每年我所在的耶鲁英语系有几十种现金奖励,内容从新生作文到毕业设计五花八门。
今年,这些奖励已经达到九万美元,还是仅仅在一个系里。
在克里夫兰州立大学这样的大学的学生也不可能仅仅做了作业就可以得优。
最近有很多文章谈到分数膨胀的问题,这是丑闻,但是最丑陋的地方在于它是多么地不平衡。
四十年前,公立和私立大学的平均分(GPA)是2.6,仍然接近传统的(B-/C+)曲线。
从那时起,它在任何地方都开始上升,但是上涨的幅度不同。
公立大学的平均分是3.0或者B,在私立大学是3.3,很少B+。
在多数常春藤大学,这个数字已经接近3.4。
但是总有学生不做作业或者上专业课之外的课程(不管是为了好玩还是为了学分)或者根本就达不到标准的情况(比如运动员或者校友子女)。
但是在耶鲁这样的学校,只要来上课,努力学习就可以期待得到(A -)在大部分时候,他们确实得到了这个成绩。
简而言之,学生在大学被对待的方式训练了他们一旦走出校门后获得的社会岗位的对待方式。
在克里夫兰州立大学这样的学校,学生们接受的培训是担任阶级体系中的中间位置,处于官僚机构中的底层。
他们已经被训练过很少有二次机会的生活,没有推迟宽限,很少有资助,很少有机会,要在服从、接受监督和控制下生活,赶最后期限,不是制定指导原则的生活。
在耶鲁这样的地方,当然正好相反。
精英喜欢把自己归入管理阶层,但是这只是在一定程度上是真实的。
进入大门是非常困难的,但是一旦进去了,你做了几乎任何事情都不可能被赶出来。
不管是最绝望的课程不及格,还是最可恶的抄袭劣行,甚至对其他同学的身体伤害的威胁等都不会被开除,这三种情况我都听说过。