托福阅读题型之否定事实信息题常用套路
托福阅读否定事实信息题解题思路实例分析
托福阅读否定事实信息题解题思路实例分析在托福阅读的8大题型中，有些题型因为其更高的出现频率和难度分值而凶名在外成为考生备考的焦点，今天给大家带来托福阅读否定事实信息题解题思路实例分析,希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
【技巧讲解】托福阅读否定事实信息题解题思路实例分析什么是托福阅读否定事实信息题?按照托福官方指南OG中的说法，托福阅读否定事实题，又叫Negative Factual Infomation，是一种让考生判断*段落中哪些信息没有提到的题型，其题型出现频率并不高，一般每篇*中会出现0-2题，个人体感以1道题居多。
这种题型的提问方式很有意思，主要有以下这几种形式：According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of X?The authors description of X mentions all of the following EXCEPT...可以看到，题目中突出的就是NOT以及EXCEPT。
这种题目看似只要让大家分析一下选项就能做好，但实际上比起一般的事实信息题却更有难度，考生如果看*不够仔细，就很容易在这个题型上栽跟头。
托福阅读否定事实信息题难点分析托福阅读否定事实信息题的扣分点主要有两个，一个是需要考生完整读完整个段落，充分理解所有细节后才能更好地做出判断，这就会要求大家花更多时间在读*上，会增加考生的时间消耗。
另一个则是存在刻意为之的干扰选项，这类选项中会包含一部分在原文中能够找到的关键词，但实际上并不符合题目提问的要求。
考生如果单纯按照返回原文定位的方式来解题，常会被这类干扰选项所迷惑而做出错误判断。
实例讲解托福阅读否定事实信息题解题思路那么，考生如何才能做好托福阅读的否定事实信息题呢?比起单纯将理论，下面就通过实例来为大家分析具体思路。
例题：Architecture is the art and science of designing structures that organize and enclose space for practical and symbolic purposes. Because architecture grows out of human needs and aspirations, it clearly communicates cultural values. Of all the visual arts,architecture affects our lives most directly for it determines the character of the human environment in major ways.According to paragraph 1, all of the following statements about architecture are true EXCEPT:A. Architecture is visual art.B. Architecture reflects the cultural values of its creators.C. Architecture has both artistic and scientific dimensions.D. Architecture has an indirect effect on life.解题思路分析做好否定事实信息题，希望大家能够按照三个标准步骤进行解答，以保证更有条理性，减少或避免干扰选项给大家造成的误导。
托福 事实信息否定题
不能看到原文中出现了原词就认定答案是正 确的，要甄别清楚哟！！
Unfortunately, the paintings have been exposed to th e constructive action of water and temperature chang es, which easily wear the images away. Because the L ascaux caves have many entrances, air movement has also damaged the images inside. Although they are no t out in the open air, where natural light would have destroyed them long ago, many of the images have det eriorated. According to the passage, all of the following have cau sed damage to the paintings EXCEPT? A.temperature changes B.air movement C.water D.light
解析：本否定事实信息题中，各选项内容在全段都 有涉及，因此排除法非常重要。The Ediacara fossil formation, which contains the oldest known animal fossils, consists exclusively of soft-bodied forms. 与选项B对应;the Ediacara formation is worldwide in distribution and dates to Precambrian times. 与选项A对应;It contains no ancestors of modern animal groups与选项D对应; 选项C错误。
托福阅读鸡肋题型否定事实信息题解题方法实例讲解
托福阅读鸡肋题型否定事实信息题解题方法实例讲解托福阅读10大题型中的否定事实信息题Negative Factual Information Question一直被认为是比较鸡肋的题型，今天给大家来托福阅读鸡肋题型否定事实信息题解题方法实例讲解，希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
托福阅读鸡肋题型否定事实信息题解题方法实例讲解托福阅读否定事实信息题基本题型特点介绍首先来看一下到底什么是否定事实信息题Negative Factual Information Question，这一题型在看来其实类似事实信息题，只不过其提问方式是反过来的，别人问的哪个选项在*中有提到，而否定事实信息题则是问以下哪个选项*里没有提到或是不正确，下面给出两个此题型的标准提问方式：1. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of X?2. The authors description of X mentions all of the following EXCEPT.大家可以看到，这两种提问方式，都是和事实信息题反其道而行的提问方式，如果说事实信息题考生无需看完全部选项，只要依次看选项，看到哪一个*里有提到就能直接选的话，那么否定事实信息题就要求考生必须把所有的选项都仔细过一遍才能比较容易的发现正确选项。
为什么说否定事实信息题是鸡肋题型?之所以把否定事实信息题成为鸡肋题型，主要原因还是在于解答这类题型投入的时间精力和回报并不成比了，简单来说，如果不掌握正确方法，做这类题型基本上都是在做亏本买卖。
而会招致这种鸡肋评价的原因主要有两点：1. 正常流程解题耗时多如上文所说，考生按照正常流程解答否定事实信息题的耗时是比较多的，因为每道题目4个选项中，有3个选项是*中提到过或是符合*内容的选项，为了确认这些选项的正确性考生往往会逐一到*里去寻找各个选项的对应内容，之后才能找到哪个选项没有提到或是存在错误。
托福阅读答题小贴士：当心否定事实信息题中的“陷阱”
托福阅读答题小贴士：当心否定事实信息题中的“陷阱”Negative Factual Information Questions，一般译作否定事实信息题，有时也被称为反向事实信息题、排除列举题或选非题，在阅读十大题型中出错率一直较高。
出错的原因，往往被简单归结于“粗心大意”。
诚然，在其他题型的解答过程中，同学们往往都是在努力寻找与原文说法最为接近的选项，而遇到否定事实信息题，由于思维惯性，在看到与原文说法基本一致但本该被排除的选项的时候，往往会忘记题目中那个大大的EXCEPT或NOT，导致错选。
但是，只是说不要“粗心大意”并没有什么用，就像在穿越雷区的时候只是说“要当心哦”并没有太多实际的帮助。
只有当我们了解到哪里可能埋雷，哪里可能会有陷阱，才更有可能避开危险，安全抵达目的地。
而在否定事实信息题的解答过程中，对题型认知不够准确是一些题目错误率居高不下的主要原因。
而且这锅还真得由ETS（即托福考试出题人）来背。
在其出版的《托福考试官方指南》中，关于否定事实信息题的介绍如下：Negative Factual Information QuestionsThese questions ask you to verify what information is true and what information is NOT true or not included in the passage based on information that is explicitly stated in the passage. To answer this kind of question, first locate the relevant information in the passage. Then verify that three of the four answer choices are true and that the remaining choice is false. Remember, for this type of question, the correct answer is the one that is NOT true.简单翻译就是，这类题型要求你根据文章中所明确给出的信息判断哪些选项的说法是正确的，哪些是不正确或文章中未提及的。
【托福阅读题型】否定事实信息题实例解析-AGGRESSION
【托福阅读题型】否定事实信息题实例解析-AGGRESSION否定事实信息题是托福阅读的最常见题型之一，因为此题需要用排除法，且通常要阅读四句话以上的文字，它相当于四道事实信息题，所以它属于比较耗费时间的题型。
那么，下面我们就为大家带来相关的例题。
托福阅读否定事实信息题两段式：定位线索词定位。
读完所在句子，回选项排除。
(相比一段式，两段式的搜索范围就得再大一些，难度也相应增加一些)例题3：AGGRESSIONParagraph 7: The Cognitive Approach. Cognitive psychologists assert that our behavior is influenced by our values, by the ways in which we interpret our situations and by choice. For example, people who believe that aggression is necessary and justified-as during wartime-are likely to act aggressively, whereas people who believe that a particular war or act of aggression is unjust, or who think that aggression is never justified, are less likely to behave aggressively.Paragraph 8: One cognitive theory suggests that aggravating and painfulevents trigger unpleasant feelings. These feelings, in turn, can lead to aggressive action, but not automatically. Cognitive factors intervene. Peopledecide whether they will act aggressively or not on the basis of factors such astheir experiences with aggression and their interpretation of other people’s motives. Supporting evidence comes from research showing that aggressive people often distort other people’s motives. For example, they assume that other peoplemean them harm when they do not.According to the cognitive approach described in paragraphs 7 and 8, all of the following may influence the decision whether to act aggressively EXCEPT a person’s1.Moral values2.Previous experiences with aggression3.Instinct to avoid aggression4.Beliefs about other people’s intentions托福阅读否定事实信息题练习题答案：3。
托福阅读否定事实信息题
2. 做题方法
2.1 步骤
读题目，找线索 读选项，找关键词 读原文，排除选项
2.1.1真题演练一
TPO27-PASSAGE1：Some of the earliest human civilizations arose in southern Mesopotamia, in what is now southern Iraq, in the fourth millennium B.C.E. In the second half of that millennium, in the south around the city of Uruk, there was an enormous escalation in the area occupied by permanent settlements . A large part of that increase took place in Uruk itself, which became a real urban center surrounded by a set of secondary settlements. While population estimates are notoriously unreliable, scholars assume that Uruk inhabitants were able to support themselves from the agricultural production of the field surrounding the city, which could be reached with a daily commute . But Uruk’s dominant size in the entire region, far surpassing that of other settlements, indicates that it was a regional center and a true city. Indeed, it was the first city in human history.
托福阅读耗时题型解法精讲
托福阅读耗时题型解法精讲托福阅读耗时题型解法精讲4个选项都要细看的否定事实信息题该怎么做?今天小编给大家带来了托福阅读耗时题型解法精讲，希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
托福阅读耗时题型解法精讲4个选项都要细看的否定事实信息题该怎么做?什么是托福阅读否定事实信息题?按照托福官方指南OG中的说法，托福阅读否定事实题，又叫Negative Factual Infomation，是一种让考生判断文章段落中哪些信息没有提到的题型，其题型出现频率并不高，一般每篇文章中会出现0-2题，小编个人体感以1道题居多。
这种题型的提问方式很有意思，主要有以下这几种形式：According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of X?The author's description of X mentions all of the following EXCEPT...可以看到，题目中突出的就是NOT以及EXCEPT。
这种题目看似只要让大家分析一下选项就能做好，但实际上比起一般的事实信息题却更有难度，考生如果看文章不够仔细，就很容易在这个题型上栽跟头。
托福阅读否定事实信息题难点分析托福阅读否定事实信息题的扣分点主要有两个，一个是需要考生完整读完整个段落，充分理解所有细节后才能更好地做出判断，这就会要求大家花更多时间在读文章上，会增加考生的时间消耗。
另一个则是存在刻意为之的干扰选项，这类选项中会包含一部分在原文中能够找到的关键词，但实际上并不符合题目提问的要求。
考生如果单纯按照返回原文定位的方式来解题，常会被这类干扰选项所迷惑而做出错误判断。
实例讲解托福阅读否定事实信息题解题思路那么，考生如何才能做好托福阅读的否定事实信息题呢?比起单纯将理论，下面小编就通过实例来为大家分析具体思路。
例题：Architecture is the art and science of designing structure s that organize and enclose space for practical and symbolic purposes. Because architecture grows out of human needs and aspirations, it clearly communicates cultural values. Of all the visual arts, architecture affects our lives most directly for it determines the character of the human environment in major ways.According to paragraph 1, all of the following statements about architecture are true EXCEPT:A. Architecture is visual art.B. Architecture reflects the cultural values of its creators.C. Architecture has both artistic and scientific dimensions.D. Architecture has an indirect effect on life.解题思路分析做好否定事实信息题，小编希望大家能够按照三个标准步骤进行解答，以保证更有条理性，减少或避免干扰选项给大家造成的误导。
如何解答托福阅读否定事实题
如何解答托福阅读否定事实题本文从网络收集而来，上传到平台为了帮到更多的人，如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载本文档（有偿下载），另外祝您生活愉快，工作顺利，万事如意！否定事实题，在托福阅读考试中是最让同学们感到烦恼的，因为这让同学们花费了太多的时间，那么接下来就和出国留学网来看看如何解答托福阅读否定事实题？打蛇打七寸—寻找逻辑词何谓逻辑词？即because，therefore，nevertheless，in contrast…，但我们在否定事实题里找的不是它们而是to begin with，and，furthermore，in addition，last but not least，finally。
因为这类词的每一次出现通常对应的就是一个选项。
例如：TPO 21 The Origins of AgricultureParagraph 1：How did it come about that farming developed independently in a number of world centers （the Southeast Asian mainland，Southwest Asia，Central America，lowland and highland South America，and equatorial Africa）at more or less the same time？Agriculture developed slowly among populations that had an extensive knowledge of plants and animals. Changing from hunting and gathering to agriculture hadno immediate advantages. To start with，it forced the population to abandon the nomad＇s life and become sedentary，to develop methods of storage and，often，systems of irrigation. While hunter-gatherers always had the option of moving elsewhere when the resources were exhausted，this became more difficult with farming. Furthermore，as the archaeological record shows，the state of health of agriculturalists was worse than that of their contemporary hunter-gatherers.2. According to paragraph 1，all of the following are advantages of hunting and gathering over agriculture EXCEPT：A. It is a healthier lifestyle.B. It requires less knowledge of plants and animals.C. It does not need storage capabilities.D. It is not tied to any specific location.读完题目后，同学们在回看文章的时候都应该注意到to start with，furthermore 这类逻辑联系词。
小托福阅读否定事实信息题解析及答题技巧
小托福阅读否定事实信息题解析及答题技巧否定事实信息题是小托福阅读的特殊题型，它要求我们同学们从四个选项中寻找一个错误的信息，作为最后的正确答案，下面为大家带来小托福阅读否定事实信息题解析，文章通过两个例子进行了分析，具体查看下文：TOEFLJunior阅读否定事实信息题与细节题十分类似，都是考察同学们对原文段落细节信息的把握。
在做TOEFLJunior阅读否定事实信息题时要关注细节题干扰项特点，因为往往细节题中的干扰项就是我们此类题目中的正确答案。
下面我们就来具体看看这种题目的解题要点。
一般此类题目题干中都会有大写加粗的NOT或者EXCEPT，同学们可以通过这两个明显的标记来识别否定事实信息题。
解题时我们可以把这种题型再细分成两小类。
我个人把他们称为客观细节筛选以及主观评论判断。
一般题目都要我们找的是原文没有提及过的一个信息点。
比如原文谈到了加入垒球队的好处，选项中有一个不是其中之一;又比如原文提到了对于昆虫有驱赶作用的食物，选项中有一个不是。
这些题目的最后答案都是原文未提及的。
所以这就只需要我们同学们进行精确定位后直接将原文的内容与选项进行比对就可以得出答案了。
当然这也要求我们同学们有一定的对同意转换辨析的能力，原文的信息有时未必直接作为选项出现，会有所改动，因此我们做题时也要注意是否存在同义词或词性的转换。
同时定位时也要注意，有时答案不是只在一段中，可能会横跨两段。
例：One possibility would be to use plants with strong smells, like garlic or pine, to keep insects away. Unfortunately, however, using these smells might keep some people away too.A more promosing repellent is citrinella oil, which comes from a type of a lemongrasss.Which substance is NOT mentioned as being unpleasant to insects?A.PineB.FlourC.GarlicD.Citronella oil这道题题干中的substance与原文的plant对应，是我们的定位词，回到原文中找到以上的句子，分别是一段的段末和下一段的段首，A，C，D都提及了，只有B选项未提及，所以最后B是正确答案。
托福阅读否定事实信息题3大考点实例讲解
托福阅读否定事实信息题3大考点实例讲解托福阅读考试中有一种名为否定事实信息题的题型，这种题型的特点就是会在题干中假如一个EXCEPT或者NOT来让考生进行选项排解式的解题。
今日我给大家带来了托福阅读否定事实信息题3大考点实例讲解，盼望可以关心到大家，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。
托福阅读否定事实信息题3大考点实例讲解托福阅读否定事实信息题考点：对文章或段落主题抓取力量的考察答题时留意看每个选项，尤其是当选项中消失了在该段落中没有的词句时，就可以考虑可能会有某个选项跟本段甚至整片文章的主题是相悖的。
请看下面例题：Decades before this disaster,environmentalist had predicted just such an enormous oil spill in this areabecause of the treacherous nature of the waters due to the submerged reefs,icebergs, and violent storms there. They had urged that oil be transported tothe continental United States by land-based pipeline rather than by oil tankeror by undersea pipeline to reduce the potential damage to the environment posedby the threat of an oil spill.Which point is NOT made by theenvironmentalist mentioned in paragraph 2?A. That a huge oil spill in thewaters off Alaska was possible.B. That the waters off the coastof Alaska were dangerous for ships.C. That oil tanker should not beused to transport oil from Alaska.D. That an undersea pipeline waspreferable to a land-based pipeline.这道题题干中提到的environmentalist是整个该段的主语，故不能作为关键信息词。
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托福阅读题型之否定事实信息题常用套路
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在托福阅读中，有一类别致的题型叫作否定事实信息类问题(Negative Factual Information Questions)。
这类问题考察考生区别真实信息与虚假信息的能力。
要分辨这种题型非常容易，因为题干中会出现大写的拒绝(“NOT”或“EXCEPT”)引起我们的注意。
例如：
The author’s description of X mentions all of the following EXCEPT...
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of X?
当我们看到“EXCEPT”或“NOT”这两个词的时候，就要马上反应过来这道题问的是以下哪个选项为否定事实信息。
为了便于理解，我们把这种信息叫做虚假信息，也就是原文中没有说明是正确的信息。
下面为大家梳理一下虚假信息的三大套路：自相矛盾、无中生有、答非所问。
一否定事实信息题自相矛盾
第一种情况是选项信息与原文相矛盾，错误表述文中的信息或观点。
例如下题：
According to paragraph 6, all of the following statements aretrue of plants in the alpine zone EXCEPT:
○Because they are low, they are less exposed to strong winds.
○Because they are low, the winter snow cover gives them moreprotection from the extreme cold.
○In the equatorial mountains, they tend to be lower than inmountains elsewhere.
○Their low growth form keeps them closer to the ground, where thereis more heat than further up.
这道题的选项1改写原文“…avoid theworst rigors of high winds…”;选项2对应原文“…take advantage of the insulation provided by a winter snow cover”;选项4对应原文“…make use of the higher temperaturesimmediately adjacent to the ground surface”;选项3中的
“lower”与原文之中“the low growth form is lessprevalent”相矛盾，因此该选项为虚假信息，选作本题的答案。
二否定事实信息题常用套路：无中生有
第二种情况是选项信息在原文中没有被提及。
同学们可以比较容易地辨别出在原文中完全没有提到的选项，但大家务必注意此类出题方式经常会使点小心机，也就是选项的部分信息是对原文信息的重复，但是另一部分却出现了新概念或脑补了新信息。
例如：
PASSAGE EXCERPT: “The causes of this population rebound are consequences of otherhuman actions. First, the major predators of
deer---wolves, cougar, andlynx--have been greatly reduced in numbers. Second, conservation has beeninsured by limiting times for and types of hunting. But the most profoundreason for the restoration of high population numbers has been the gate of theforests. Great tracts of lowland country deforested by logging, fire, or bothhave become ideal feeding grounds of deer. ”(TPO4: Deer Populations ofthe Puget Sound) Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 5 as a factor that has increased deerpopulations?
○A reduction in thenumber of predators
○Restrictions on hunting
○The effects of loggingand fire
○Laws that protectedfeeding grounds of deer
选项1与原文“First, the majorpredators of deer---wolves, cougar, and lynx--have been greatly reduced innumbers”相对应;选项2对应原文“Second, conservationhas been insured by limiting times for and types of hunting”;选项3对应原文“Great tracts of lowland countrydeforested by logging, fire”;选项4中的后半部分信息“feeding grounds of deer”是对原文“…or both havebecome ideal feeding grounds of deer”中的原词重复，但是选项前半部分新添加了原文没有的信息“laws that protected”，这仍然属于无中生有的虚假信息，因此这道题应该选择最后一个选项。
三答非所问
最后一种情况是需要大家特别注意的，即答非所问。
选项可能重复文章中的信息，且没有添加原文不存在的信息，然而它却并没有回答问题，因此仍然属于虚假信息的范畴。
例如：
PASSAGE EXCERPT：“Thesame thing happens to this day, though on a smaller scale, wherever asediment-laden river or stream emerges from a mountain valley ontorelatively flat land, dropping its load as the current slows: the waterusually spreads out fanwise, depositing the sediment in the form of a smooth,fan-shaped slope. Sediments are also dropped where a river slows on entering alake or the sea, the deposited
sediments are on a lake floor or the seafloorat first……”(TPO1: GROUNDWATER)
All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 3 as places thatsediment-laden rivers can deposit their sediments EXCEPT ○A mountain valley
○Flat land
○A lake floor
○The seafloor
在做这道题的时候我们很焦灼地发现每一个选项都在原文中出现了(下划线部分)，而且都没有添加任何原文不存在的新信息。
此时一定要冷静，将选项与题干进行核对。
题目中问的是河流所携带的砂石会在什么地方沉淀，而原文“wherever a sediment-laden river or stream emerges from a mountainvalley onto relatively flat land, dropping its load as the currentslows ”表明水流从mountain valley 流出，流至相对平坦的地面时水流速度减慢从而逐渐沉淀砂石。
当我们理解这句话就会知道mountain valley 是水流出的地方而不是sediments沉淀的地方，也就是说选项1并不是针对题目的正确信息，因此它是被“EXCEPT”的对象，答案为选项1。
总结一下，选项中的虚假信息可能以自相矛盾、无中生有、答非所问的方式出现。
这类虚假信息正是否定事实信息类题目的正确答案，而那些能够在原文中找到对应的选项统统都不选。
以上就是新东方在线托福网为你带来的托福阅读题型之否定事实信息常用套路，更多精彩敬请关注新东方在线托福网。