ing形式的被动式

主动 被动
doing done being done to be done
正在进行 已经完成 正在进行 将要发生
5. 作状语
◆ Hearing the good news, he jumped with jo•(y时.
◆ He sat at the table, _r_e_a_d_i_n_g_ (read) China间)
English. ※ It is + adj. / n. + (for sb.) to do sth.
3. 作宾语 (v./ prep.后)
★ The bird escaped _b_e_in_g__c_a_u_g_h_t_ (catch). ★ I feel like __jo_i_n_i_n_g___ (join) the army. ★ He was afraid of _b_e_i_n_g_a_b_a_n_d_o_n_e_d___
• It being a holiday, all the shops were shut. • There being no bus, we had to walk back
home. • Her wallet stolen, she had no money to
buy a ticket.
2) 有少数结构并不表示句子主语的动作， 而是表示说话人的态度。如generally speaking
3) It’s no use / no good / useless / a waste
of time doing sth.
• It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。
• It is a waste of time _t_a_lk_i_n_g_ (talk) to him. • It is important for me _t_o_l_e_a_r_n__ (learn)
boy still didn’t know how to do it. •(让步)
◆ Her husband died suddenly, __le_a_v_i_n_g_ (leave)
her with five children.
•(结果)
注意
1) 分词的逻辑主语就是该句子的主语， 但有时两个主语不一致，我们也可以用 n. / pron. + 分词，称为独立主格结构。
fields are tired. ＊The problem _b_e_in_g__d_is_c_u_s_s_e_d_ (discuss)
now is very iΒιβλιοθήκη Baiduportant.
注意：过去分词/Ving被动形式/不定式的 被动形式做定语的区别
去年造好的桥 _t_h_e_b__ri_d_g_e_b__u_il_t_la__st_y_e_a_r__ 正在建造的桥 _t_h_e_b__ri_d_g_e_b__ei_n_g__b_u_il_t_n_o_w_ 将要建造的桥 _t_h_e_b__ri_d_g_e_t_o__b_e_b_u_i_lt__so_o_n_
Daily.
•(伴随)
◆ _N__o_t_b_e_in__g_ (be) able to understand English,
he didn’t know what they wanted. •(原因)
◆ _W__o_rk__in_g_ (work) hard, you will succeed. •(条 ◆ _H__a_v_in_g__b_e_e_n_t_a_u_g_h_t_ (teach) many times, 件the)
ing形式的被动式
V-ing 形式
V-ing 包括动名词和现在分词，可作 主语、宾语、表语; 定语、状语、宾语补足语 但不能单独作谓语 其否定形式是 _n_o_t_d_o_in_g___
语态
时态
主动形式
被动形式
一般式 (not) doing (not) being done
完成式
(not) having done
the sea is a common thing.
2. 作表语 ☆ Teaching is learning. 教学相长。 ☆ My hobby is _m__a_k_in_g__ (make)
model planes. ☆ What worried the child most was
__n_o_t _b_e_in_g__a_ll_o_w_e_d__ (not, allow) to go out to play.
注意
1) V-ing形式表示比较抽象的一般性的行为 不定式表示具体的某次动作, 尤指将来
• _S_i_n_g_i_n_g_ (sing) is my hobby. • I don’t like _t_o_s_i_n_g__ (sing) in public today. 2) V-ing形式和不定式都要有对称性 • To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing.
(abandon) by us.
4. 作定语 ＊The girl standing there is my sister. ＊This is a piece of _s_u_r_p_ri_s_in_g__ (surprise)
news. ＊The farmers _w_o_r_k_i_n_g__ (work) in the
（一般来说）, judging from…（根据……来判断）, considering…（考虑到……）, talking of…（谈 到……，提到……）, supposing…（假如……）等， 它们的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致。这种短语可 以被称之为句子的状语，也可当作一个插入语。
(not) having been done
V-ing 的用法
1.作主语 ★ Swimming is good for health. ★ _R__a_is_i_n_g_____ (raise) your hat to a lady is good manners. ★ _B__e_in_g__k_il_le_d__ (kill) by sharks in