数据库中英术语

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单词汇总(数据库专业一点的词汇其实主要就是每章后面review items的内容,在这里简单列一下,如

果你实在没时间看书,至少这些单词要认识。):

1. 数据库系统:database system(DS),database management system(DBMS)

2. 数据库系统(DS),数据库管理系统(DBMS)

3. 关系和关系数据库 table= relation,column = attribute属性,

domain, atomic domain, row= tuple,

relational database, relation schema, relation instance, database schema, database instance;

4. 表=关系,列=属性属性,域,原子域,排=元组,关系型数据库,关系模式,关系实例,数据库模式,数据库实例;

1. key们: super key, candidate key, primary key, foreign key, referencing relation, referenced

relation;

2. 超码,候选码,主码,外码,参照关系,被参照关系

5. 关系代数(relational algebra):selection, project, natural join, Cartesian product, set operations,

union, intersect, set difference ( except\minus), Rename, assignment, outer join, grouping, tuple relation calculus

6. (关系代数):选择,项目,自然连接,笛卡尔积,集合运算,集,交集,集合差(除\负),

重命名,分配,外连接,分组,元组关系演算

7. sql组成:

DDL:数据库模式定义语言,关键字:create

DML:数据操纵语言,关键字:Insert、delete、update DCL:数据库控制语言,关键字:grant、remove DQL:数据库查询语言,关键字:select

8.

3. SQL语言: DDL, DML,DCL,QL,

sql query structure, aggregate functions, nested subqueries,

exists(as an operator), unique(as an operator), scalar subquery, assertion, index(indices), catalog s, authorization, all privileges, granting, revoking, grant option, trigger, stored procedure, stored function

4. SQL语言:DDL,DML,DCL,QL,SQL查询结构,聚合函数,嵌套子查询,存在(如运

营商),独特的(如运营商),标量子查询,断言指数(指数),目录,授权,所有权限,授予,撤销,GRANT OPTION,触发器,存储过程,存储函数

9. 表结构相关:Integrity constraints, domain constraints, referential integrity constraints 10. 完整

性约束,域名约束,参照完整性约束

5. 数据库设计(ER 模型): Entity-Relationship data model, ER diagram, composite attribute,

single-

valued and multivalued attribute, derived attribute, binary relationship set, degree of relationshi p set, mapping cardinality, 1-1, 1-m, m-

n relationship set (one to one, one to many, many to many), participation, partial or total partici pation, weak entity sets, discriminator attributes, specialization and generalization

6. 实体关系数据模型,ER图,复合属性,单值和多值属性,派生属性,二元关系集,关系集,

映射基数的程度,1-1,1-米,MN关系集合(一对一,一对多,多对多),参与部分或全部参与,弱实体集,分辨符属性,特化和概化

11. 函数依赖理论:

functional dependence, normalization, lossless join (or lossless) decomposition,

First Normal Form (1NF), the third normal form (3NF), Boyce-

codd normal form (BCNF), R satisfies F, F holds on R, Dependency preservation保持依

赖, Trivial, closure of a set of functional dependencies函数依赖集的闭

包, closure of a set of attributes属性集闭包,

Armstrong’s axioms Armstrong公理, reflexivity rule自反律, augmentation rule,增广

率, transitivity传递律, restriction of F to Ri ,F在Ri上的限定,canonical cover正则覆

盖, extraneous attributes无关属性, decomposition algorithm分解算法.

7. 函数依赖,规范化,无损连接(或无损)分解,第一范式(1NF),第三范式(3NF)BC范

式(BCNF),R满足F,F持有R,依赖保存,平凡,一组函数依赖封闭,一组属性, 8. 事务:transition, ACID properties ACID特性,并发控制系统concurrency control system,故障恢

复系统 recovery system,事务状态 transition state, 活动的active, 部分提交的

partially committed, 失败的failed, 中止的aborted, 提交的committed,已结束的 terminated, 调度schedule,操作冲突 conflict of operations, 冲突等价conflict equivalence,冲突可串行

化 conflict serializablity,可串行化顺序 serializablity order,联级回滚 cascading rollback,封锁协

议 locking protocol,共享(S)锁 shared-mode lock (S-lock),排他(X)锁 exclusive-mode lock (X-lock), 相容性compatibility, 两阶段封锁协议2-phase locking protocol, 意向锁intention lock, 时间戳timestamp, 恢复机制recovery scheme,日志 log, 基于日志的恢复log-based recovery, 延迟的修改deferred modification, 立即的修改immediate modification, 检查点checkpoint.

数据库系统DBS Database System

数据库系统应用 Database –system applications 文件处理系统 file-processing system 数据不一致性data inconsistency 一致性约束 consistency constraint 数据抽象 Data Abstraction 实例 instance 模式 schema

物理模式 physical schema 逻辑模式 logical schema

物理数据独立性 physical data independence 数据模型 data model

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