一般功能性词汇

一般功能性词汇

1. 因果关系

导致，产生give rise to,lead to, result in, be responsible for, prompt

解析：give rise to, lead to, result in 表示一般性的“导致、产生、造成”；be responsible for 不仅表示“为…负责”，也可以表示“产生”（being a source or cause），但多指“产生某种负面后果和不利局面”；prompt 表示“激发”（To move to act; spur; incite），有“快速产生”之意。

Fast-paced modern life is responsible for the consumption of junk food.

The bishop's speech has prompted an angry response from both political parties.

Sharon Stone’s remarks about China’s Sichuan earthquake prompted angry

responses from the Chinese public.

产生于result from, originate in (from)

解析：result from 表示“产生于”；originate in (from)表示“发源自”

例句：Youtiao originated in China.

归因于attribute ...to, blame..on, be the culprit of

解析：attribute A to B 表示“将A 归因于B”；blame A on B，表示“将A（负

面的）归咎于B”；culprit 本意表示“罪犯”(one charged with a crime or an offense)，比喻义表示“造成某种负面后果的原因”（the reason for a particular problem or difficulty）

例句：Children today are getting increasingly overweight. Experts believe that excessive consumption is the main culprit.

使某人做某事prompt sb to do sth, motivate sb to do sth

解析：prompt 指“令某人做出某种具体行动的原因，强调快速激发”；motivate

一般功能性词汇

2

指“成为某人的做某事的动机”

Many great businessmen are motivated not but the desire for money.

原因cause, reason

解析：cause 指“造成某事客观原因”，reason 指“用来解释的理由”。Reason

并不一定就是cause.跟cause 有关的几种常用搭配：

真实原因real cause,

根本原因root cause, underlying cause

主要原因major cause, primary cause

可能的原因likely cause, possible cause

contributory cause

例句：The reason he gave for his poor academic performances is that he had

recently went through a emotional meltdown. But I know that is not the real cause. Unhealthy eating habits have many other contributory causes.

2. 事物数量

几个several, a number of, a couple of

解析：several 略显非正式；A number of 是正式表达。

A couple of days

Across the street from me there are a couple of police officers standing guard

很多个可数a large (vast) number of, numerous, a host of, a legion of , a

flock of , flock to do sth

解析：A host of 表示“大量的”指”事物“。Legion 本意指“军团”、flock 本意表“羊群”，legion 和flock 都表示“大量的某一类人”。

例句：Making public transportation free might create a host of problems.

一般功能性词汇

3

Flocks of consumers are buying products that they have no real use for.

很多，大量不可数a large deal (amount, supply, quantity) of

辨析：quantity 指“可以装在容器中的某物”；supply 指“提供的某物”

例句：a large quantity of drugs, a large quantity of food and drink, a large supply

of oxygen, a large supply of food

很多可数&不可数plenty of

辨析：plenty of 可修饰可数和不可数名词

充足的sufficient, adequate

辨析：指“数量”、“质量“、”效力”能够满足需求的。

例句：sufficient income, an adequate supply of food, a sufficient supply of useful information

不充足的insufficient, inadequate

十分充足的ample

辨析：指more than enough，搭配较为局限。

例句：Ample evidence, ample opportunity, ample time

3. 重要性

重要的basic, fundamental, essential, vital, integral, indispensable

解析：essential 表示“因为是本质，所以必不可少的”；integral 表示“因为

是构成整体的一部分，所以必不可少的”，经常出现在integral part 这样的搭配中；indispensable 表示“必不可少的”。

一般功能性词汇

4

Pets are an integral part of the American way of life

重要must, necessity, precondition, prerequisite, priority

解析：must 做名词，表示“必要的某物”（Something indispensable）；prerequisite 表示“先决条件”（Required or necessary as a prior condition）

If you live in a city, a car is a must.

The seriousness of traffic jams highlights the necessity of controlling

automobiles in cities.

In the modern society, having a college diploma is almost a prerequisite for/to success.

A sufficient TOEFL score is almost a prerequisite for applying for American

colleges or universities.

使…成为必要necessitate

Applying for American colleges or universities necessitates taking TOEFL.

Having music classes necessitates buying musical instruments, which can be