高中英语必修3第一单元语法
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can/could, may/might, ought to, must need, dare/dared
只作情态动词的 可情态可实义的
可情态可助动词的 shall/should, will/would 相当于情态动词的 have to, used to
You must hand in your homework today. ---Must I hand in my homework now? ---Yes, ______. \ No, __________. You mustn’t smoke here.
5. could have done -------①肯定句：责备、批评 “过去本能做某事却没有”
②否定句\疑问句：推测 “(不)可能”
You could have had a better result, but you were too careless.
I could find my book. Who could have taken it? He couldn’t have been to Wuhai because he knew nothing about the city.
wenku.baidu.com
will/would
1. 表 “意愿”，will---现在的意愿，would---过去的意愿 Go where you will. She asked if I would go with them. 2. 表示 “征求意见、提出请求” Would Sunday night suit you? Will / Would you please post the letter for me?
2. should ---- “应该，很可能”( 推测 )
They left at 5:30. They should get there now. 3.should/ought to have done （责备或批评）
-------“过去本应该做某事却没有做” should not /ought not to have done （责备或批评） -------“过去本不应该做某事却做了” You should/ought to have told her the truth earlier. She shouldn’t have left without saying a word.
may/might
He might not come today. May I ask you a question?
May you be happy all your life. He may be in the clinic now.
He might have read about the news in the newspaper.
Can you speak Japanese?
You can go now, but he can’t. How can you be so rude?
It’s so late. Can Tom be reading? It can’t be Mary. She has fallen ill.
He can’t have gone abroad because I saw him just now.
重点回顾 Feedback
1. mustn’t
禁止
needn’t = don’t have to
①对 现在 \ 将来 的推测
②对 现在进行 的推测
不必，不需要
2. 情态动词表 “推测 \责备”
情态动词 + 动原
情态动词 + be doing
(can\could, may\might, must,…)
(can\could, may\might, must, …)
③对 过去 的推测\责备 情态动词 + have done must 表 推测 时， 只能用于 肯定句 中。
may\might (not) have done
-----过去或许做了某事(还没做某事)
(肯定句\否定句：推测)
must have done -----过去一定做了某事 ☆☆☆ (肯定句：推测) ①肯定句：责备、批评 could have done ☆ ②否定句\疑问句：推测 “可能”
☆ needn't have done
----过去本不必做某事却做了
（责备＼批评）
-----过去本应该做某事却没做
☆ ☆ ☆
should\ought to have done
Unit 1
Discovering useful structures --Modal Verbs (I)
情态动词的语法特征
1. 没有人称和数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
2. “ 情态动词 + 动词原形 ” “ ought to ＋ 动词原形 ” “have to + 动词原形 ” 一起 作谓语；
must do
----- 对现在\将来的肯定推测 “一定，准是”
must be doing -----对现在进行的肯定推测 “一定，准是”
must have done ----对过去事情 的肯定判断 “一定，准是”
They have bought a new car. They must have a lot of money. He must be reading novels now. The road is wet. It must have rained last night. must 表 推测 时， 只能用于 肯定句 中。
3. 表示 “习惯和倾向性” Oil will float on water.
4. 表示 “过去常常做某事”
When he was a child, he would often go skiing. 区别 : used to do sth
１. should＼ought to－－＂应该，应当＂ Every citizen ought to＼should obey law. He suggested that we (should) set off for Yunnan now.
只作情态动词的 可情态可实义的
可情态可助动词的 shall/should, will/would 相当于情态动词的 have to, used to
You must hand in your homework today. ---Must I hand in my homework now? ---Yes, ______. \ No, __________. You mustn’t smoke here.
5. could have done -------①肯定句：责备、批评 “过去本能做某事却没有”
②否定句\疑问句：推测 “(不)可能”
You could have had a better result, but you were too careless.
I could find my book. Who could have taken it? He couldn’t have been to Wuhai because he knew nothing about the city.
wenku.baidu.com
will/would
1. 表 “意愿”，will---现在的意愿，would---过去的意愿 Go where you will. She asked if I would go with them. 2. 表示 “征求意见、提出请求” Would Sunday night suit you? Will / Would you please post the letter for me?
2. should ---- “应该，很可能”( 推测 )
They left at 5:30. They should get there now. 3.should/ought to have done （责备或批评）
-------“过去本应该做某事却没有做” should not /ought not to have done （责备或批评） -------“过去本不应该做某事却做了” You should/ought to have told her the truth earlier. She shouldn’t have left without saying a word.
may/might
He might not come today. May I ask you a question?
May you be happy all your life. He may be in the clinic now.
He might have read about the news in the newspaper.
Can you speak Japanese?
You can go now, but he can’t. How can you be so rude?
It’s so late. Can Tom be reading? It can’t be Mary. She has fallen ill.
He can’t have gone abroad because I saw him just now.
重点回顾 Feedback
1. mustn’t
禁止
needn’t = don’t have to
①对 现在 \ 将来 的推测
②对 现在进行 的推测
不必，不需要
2. 情态动词表 “推测 \责备”
情态动词 + 动原
情态动词 + be doing
(can\could, may\might, must,…)
(can\could, may\might, must, …)
③对 过去 的推测\责备 情态动词 + have done must 表 推测 时， 只能用于 肯定句 中。
may\might (not) have done
-----过去或许做了某事(还没做某事)
(肯定句\否定句：推测)
must have done -----过去一定做了某事 ☆☆☆ (肯定句：推测) ①肯定句：责备、批评 could have done ☆ ②否定句\疑问句：推测 “可能”
☆ needn't have done
----过去本不必做某事却做了
（责备＼批评）
-----过去本应该做某事却没做
☆ ☆ ☆
should\ought to have done
Unit 1
Discovering useful structures --Modal Verbs (I)
情态动词的语法特征
1. 没有人称和数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
2. “ 情态动词 + 动词原形 ” “ ought to ＋ 动词原形 ” “have to + 动词原形 ” 一起 作谓语；
must do
----- 对现在\将来的肯定推测 “一定，准是”
must be doing -----对现在进行的肯定推测 “一定，准是”
must have done ----对过去事情 的肯定判断 “一定，准是”
They have bought a new car. They must have a lot of money. He must be reading novels now. The road is wet. It must have rained last night. must 表 推测 时， 只能用于 肯定句 中。
3. 表示 “习惯和倾向性” Oil will float on water.
4. 表示 “过去常常做某事”
When he was a child, he would often go skiing. 区别 : used to do sth
１. should＼ought to－－＂应该，应当＂ Every citizen ought to＼should obey law. He suggested that we (should) set off for Yunnan now.