礼记原文及翻译

礼记原文及翻译

礼记是中国古代经典著作之一，它是孔子弟子子思整理而成的。礼记分为三卷，共四十九篇，记录了国家政治、社会风俗以及人际关系等方面的内容。下面是礼记中的一段原文及翻译，字数为700字。

原文：

王制：王者之事，岂不同哉！质人五犹言，王五更之。国之动静，五政者次焉。所以表理纪事，王者之常制者也。进退正发，国之所从起。外内庙上，皆有令则。通明五度，蔽舍致禁越。百日之内，尽有又也。所谓大度者，观国之所依也。亲戚父子，无信犹恶。察迹审朋，无礼不于。内外阅悖，王者之大戒也。古之至德者，进退有所用。主尊勿疑，以养圣人。曲心以言，亦可尝也。是故圣人称之曰：王道之土也。

翻译：

"The Royal System: Aren't the affairs of the sovereign distinct? They are like the five musical instruments, with the king making them more harmonious. The order of the country's movements is governed by the five systems of governance. This is the constant system of the king to express and regulate the affairs. Proper advancement and retreat are the starting point for a nation. Both internal and external temples have their own regulations. To clarify and maintain order, there are restrictions and prohibitions in all walks of life. Within a span of one hundred days, everything can

be achieved. The so-called great order is seen as a reliance of the country. The absence of trust within relatives is seen as evil. The examination and evaluation of friends should be based on their

conduct. The examination of both internal and external affairs is a major warning for the king. The ancient sages, with their great virtues, had their own purpose in their actions. They never doubted the authority and respected it as a means to educate the virtuous.

By speaking words with humility, they also tried to experience them. Therefore, the sages referred to it as the foundation of the royal way."

这段原文主要描述了王者的制度以及国家的运作。王者的事务与普通人是不同的，他们负责着国家的动静，这是通过五个政治制度来进行管理的。这些制度是表达和规范国家事务的常规制度。国家的进退和官员的任命都要遵循正规的程序。无论是国内还是国外的场所，都有自己的规章制度。透明和清晰的规定是为了维持秩序和禁止过度行为。在百日之内，所有的事务都能完成。所谓的大度是指国家所依赖的规则和制度。没有亲戚之间的信任是不被接受的，必须经过慎重审查朋友的品行。审查内外事务是王者的重要警示。古代的圣人具有伟大的品德，他们的行动都有一定的目的和用途。他们从不怀疑统治者的权威，尊重他们是为了培养圣人。同时，他们也尽量以谦逊的心态来表达他们的观点。因此，圣人称之为王道的基石。

以上是礼记中的一段原文及翻译，展现了中国古代王者制度和国家运作的一些基本原则和规范。