英译汉
英汉互译翻译技巧
• They, not surprisingly, did not respond at all.
• 他们根本没有答复，这是不足为奇的。
• 短语的分译即将英语的某个短语单独拿出 来译成一个独立成份、从句或并列句。如：
• 例1：We tried in vain to persuade him to give up his wrong belief.
• He told me such experience as I had never heard of before.
• 他给我讲述了他的经历，那些经历是我以 前从未听说过的。
• He did not remember his father who died when he was three years old.
• The time was 10:30, and traffic on the street was light.
• 10点30分的时候，街上来往的车辆稀少了。
英汉翻译中常用的各种技巧
• 一、词类的转换 • 由于英汉两种语言在语法和习惯上存在差
异，在描述同一事物时，两种语言会使用 不同的词性。因此， 在翻译过程中， 有时 需要变换原词的词性，以有效的传达原文 的信息。常见的词类转换有一下几种。
5.英语副词→汉语名词
• It was officially announced that Paris is invited to the meeting.
• 官方宣布， 巴黎应邀出席会议。
二、词类的增减
• 1. 增词：
• 增词法按照汉语的习惯，在中文译文中适 当添加英语中所没有的词语，以便满足汉 语语法修辞的需要或更明确的表达原文的 含义。如：
英译汉翻译技巧例句
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• 2. 英文中的被动语态还可以译成汉语中的“由、受、遭到、靠、让、要、得到、 得以、可以、加以”等结构。如：
• If the stability can be maintained ,one of the worst features of the cycle will have been removed.
• It is unlucky to walk under a ladder in the western countries.
• 在西方，人走在梯子下面是不吉利的。
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• 5. it 结构的语序调整：在英语里，主语可以后
置，前面用形式主语it 代替。在汉语里，主语
放在谓语的前面，不能用代词代替。在翻译“It +系动词+实际主语”的结构时， 主语应尽可 能提前，而且应该明确具体， 要将做真正主语 的不定式等连同后面的从句提前译在主语的位 置上。如：
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4.英语介词副词→汉语动词
• He came to my home for help. • 他来到我家请求帮助。 • I love having Friday off. • 我喜欢周五休息。 • I am for the former. • I am against the latter.
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四、从句的翻译
• （一）主语从句 • 1.以what ,whatever, whoever等代词引导的
主语从句翻译时一般可按照原文顺序翻译。 • 2.以it做形式主语所引出的真正的主语从句，翻
英译汉——精选推荐
英译汉(1)Our teacher always encourages us to speak English bravely.我们的老师总是鼓励我们勇敢地说英语。
(2) You must always remember not to cheat in exams.你必须记住考试不要作弊。
(3)If you decided to learn a new language, you would have to dedicate yourself whole heartedly to the cause.如果你决定学习一门新的语言，你必须全身心地投入其中。
(4 )Wang Li's father has taught English here since he has graduated from Peking University.王丽的父亲从北京大学毕业以后就一直在这里教英语。
(5) This pair of shoes cost me 260 yuan.这双鞋花了我260元。
(6) How long will it take us to get there?我们到那儿需花费多少时间？(7) Please give this book to whoever comes first.谁先来就请把这本书给谁。
(8) I'm now a distance education student.我是一个远程教育的学生。
(9) The little boy wanted to exchange his toy car for my cake.那个小男孩想拿他的玩具车换我的蛋糕。
(10) Though it was late, they kept on working.虽然很晚了，他们还是在继续工作。
(11) These five boys failed in their English exam last term.。
经典英译汉
※The earth has a partner in its trip around the sun. It is the moon. The moon is the earth's satellite.It moves around the earth very quickly. It takes the moon twenty eight days to go around the earth once.地球在围绕太阳旋转时有一个同伴. 它是月球，地球的卫星。
它围绕地球旋转的速度很快，28天即可绕地球一周。
※While they are partners in the solar system, the earth and the moon are very different. The earth is filled with life. It is a very colourful planet. The moon is grey and lifeless. Nothing can live on the moon. 虽然地球和月球是太阳系中的同伴，但它们却截然不同。
地球充满生命，是一颗色彩绚丽的行星，月球却是一片灰暗，死气沉沉，没有生命。
There is no air on the moon. Astronauts must wear special space suits when they walk on the moon so they can breathe. The moon has no water either. There is no weather, so the sky above the moon always looks black. 月球上没有空气。
当宇航员在上面行走时，他们必须穿上特殊的太空服才能呼吸。
月球上也没有水，没有天气变化，所以月球的上空永远是漆黑一团。
英译汉常用方法简述
人们在进行英译汉时，为了把英语句子表达的清楚并更符合汉语习惯，往往采用不同的翻译方法。现将人们常用的几种英译汉的方法介绍给大家，供翻译爱好者参考。
1． 选词法：
英语同汉语一样，有一词多义的现象。因此，在进行英译汉时，译者必须弄懂英语句子结构后，选出关键词最佳的词义。这种方法叫做选词法。但必须注意，在选词义时，首先应确定该词的词类，这样才能保证与原文不变。如：
与这个女孩结婚，他有点吃不消。（浅化法）
9. 倒译法：
英译汉时，有时会采取倒译手段使译文更符合汉语习惯。如： a. I shall have it where I want her.
我要它向东，它就不敢向西。
当然，在进行日常英译汉时，并不是所有的英语句子一定要按照上述介绍的翻译方法才能译成汉语，并且有些句子确实是无法按规则翻译的。因此 译者只要是用精炼、通俗和明了的汉语翻译出原文的原汁原味，就可说是成功了。
我喜欢中国食品。现在很多人都喜欢。这种情况算是有点赶时髦吧！
e. He has been pursued, day by day and year by year, by a most phenomental
a stonishing luckiness.
日复一日， 年复一年，他一直是吉星高造，无与论比。这真是令人惊叹。
a. － The son: How much did you suffer?"
－ The old man: " Plenty."
孩子： "你吃了多少苦"？
老人："一言难尽"
这里"plenty" 不译作"很多"，而译作"一言难尽"更佳。
常用英汉互译技巧
八、插入法 指把难以处理的句子成分用破折号、括号或前后逗号插入译句 中。这种方法主要用于笔译中。偶尔也用于口译中，即用同位 语、插入语或定语从句来处理一些解释性成分。
如：如果说宣布收回香港就会像夫人说的“带来灾难性的影 响”，那我们将勇敢地面对这个灾难，做出决策。 If the announcement of the recovery of Hong Kong would bring about, as Madam put it, “disastrous effects,” we will face that disaster squarely and make a new policy decision.
常用英汉互译技巧
五、正译法和反译法
这两种方法通常用于汉译英，偶尔也用于英译汉。所谓正译，是指把句子 按照与汉语相同的语序或表达方式译成英语。所谓反译则是指把句子按照 与汉语相反的语序或表达方式译成英语。正译与反译常常具有同义的效果， 但反译往往更符合英语的思维方式和表达习惯。因此比较地道 。
例1. 你可以从因特网上获得这一信息。 You can obtain this information on the Internet. （正译） This information is accessible/available on the Internet. （反译） 例2. 他突然想到了一个新主意。 Suddenly he had a new idea. (正译) He suddenly thought out a new idea. (正译) A new idea suddenly occurred to/struck him. （反译）
常用英汉互译技巧
三、转换法 例1. Too much exposure to TV programs will do great harm to the eyesight of children. 孩子们看电视过多会大大地损坏视力。(名词转动词) 例2. 由于我们实行了改革开放政策，我国的综合国力有了明显 的增强。 Thanks to the introduction of our reform and opening policy, our comprehensive national strength has greatly improved. (动 词转名词) 例3. 时间不早了，我们回去吧！ We don’t have much time left. Let’s go back. (句型转换)
英译汉英汉互译
英译汉英汉互译摘要：1.英译汉的重要性2.英汉互译的挑战与技巧3.提高英译汉和英汉互译能力的方法4.实际应用案例分析正文：英译汉和英汉互译在现代社会中具有重要意义。
随着全球化的不断加深，国际间的交流日益频繁，英语作为世界通用语言，其在各种场合中的应用也越来越广泛。
因此，熟练掌握英译汉和英汉互译技能对于我们来说至关重要。
英译汉和英汉互译在实际操作中存在一定的挑战。
首先，中英文语言结构和表达方式的差异容易给翻译带来困扰。
例如，英文句子通常是主谓宾的结构，而中文则是主语、谓语、宾语的顺序。
此外，英文中被动语态的使用较为频繁，而中文则倾向于使用主动语态。
这些差异要求我们在翻译过程中灵活运用各种技巧，如调整语序、改变句子结构等，以确保译文的准确性和流畅性。
提高英译汉和英汉互译能力的方法有很多。
首先，我们要积累足够的词汇量和语言表达，这对于提高翻译质量至关重要。
其次，多阅读英文原著和文章，了解英文表达习惯和思维方式，有助于我们更好地进行翻译。
此外，多实践也是提高翻译能力的重要途径。
我们可以通过翻译一些实际案例和参加翻译比赛来不断锻炼自己。
实际应用案例分析可以帮助我们更好地理解和掌握英译汉和英汉互译技巧。
例如，在翻译“他喜欢在早晨喝一杯咖啡”这个句子时，我们可以将英文句子结构调整为“他早晨喜欢喝一杯咖啡”，这样翻译过来的句子更符合中文表达习惯，也更容易被读者理解。
总之，英译汉和英汉互译在现代社会中具有重要意义。
要想提高这方面的能力，我们需要积累足够的词汇量和语言表达，多阅读英文原著和文章，以及多实践。
在实际操作中，我们要灵活运用各种翻译技巧，确保译文的准确性和流畅性。
英译汉翻译技巧
• Strange enough they were the same age to the day.
• 说来也巧， 他俩年纪一样大， 而且还是同 日的。
5.合译法
• 合译是将原文的两个或几个分开叙述的意 思或层次合并重组，如将两个分句合译为 一个简单句，或两个简单句合译成一个复 合句等， 使全句的结构更加紧凑，语气更 加顺通。
• 2）后置法：上述译成前置定语大都是用于 限制性定语从句，但一般用于译比较简单 的英语定语从句。如果从句结构复杂，译 成汉语前置定语显得太长而不符合汉语表 达习惯时，往往可以译成后置的并列分句。 可以分为两种情况。一是可以重复英语先 行词，译成并列分句。如：
• They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese has laid down their lives.
• He told me such experience as I had never heard of before.
• 他给我讲述了他的经历，那些经历是我以 前从未听说过的。
• He did not remember his father who died when he was three years old.
• 作为一个孝顺的儿子，我不得不接收父母 的决定，去当大夫，虽然我对这样的前途 毫无兴趣。
3.倒译法
• 倒译法就是颠倒原文句子结构的排列顺序 来进行翻译。
• 例1： The moon is completely empt on the moon is much less than on the earth.
英译汉
英译汉1.To break the ice Ted spoke of his interest in mountain climbing, andthey soon had a conversation going.为了打破沉默，泰德说自己对爬山有兴趣，这样他们很快就交谈起来。
2.Every one of them rolled up his sleeves for the battle, high in moradeand ready to with another brilliant victory.他们个个摩拳擦掌，士气很高，准备打一个漂亮仗。
3.They talked of things they longed for—of meat and of hot soup and ofthe riches of butter.他们谈到了他们所渴望的东西，谈到了肉类，谈到了热汤，谈到了黄油的丰富营养4.But his wife kept dinning in his ears about his idlness, hiscarelessness, and the ruin he was bringing on his family.可是他老婆不断地在她耳边唠叨个没完。
说他懒惰，说他粗心，并且说他一家人都要毁在他的身上。
5.The sight and sound of the jet planes filled me with special longing.看到喷气式飞机，听到隆隆声，令我特别神往。
6.Her absence of mind in driving nearly caused an accident.她开车时心不在焉，几乎引发交通事故7.I like reading the newspaper, for it is informative, entertaining andreally readable.我喜欢读这份报纸，因为他信息量大，娱乐性强，具有很强的可读性。
英语：英译汉70道
1. As is known to all, China is the largest developing country in the world today. 众所周知，中国是当今世界上最大的发展中国家。
2. A friend of mine from high school is working in England now. 我高中的一个朋友目前在英格兰工作。
3. Apples here like water and sunshine. 这里的苹果喜欢水和阳光。
4. Are you fond of music? 你喜欢音乐吗？5. A lot of natural resources in the mountain area will be exploited and used. 那个山区有许多自然资源有待于开发利用。
6. All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的未必都是金子。
7. Both Ann and Mary are suitable for the job. 安妮和玛丽都适合于这项工作。
8. Bill hit his car into a wall last night. 昨夜比尔开车时，车撞在墙上。
9. Could you tell me where the post office is? 请问邮局在哪里？10. Do you have access to the Internet? 你能上网吗？11. Do you think you can do it yourself? 你认为你自己可以单独完成这件事吗？12. Each time history repeats itself, the price goes up. 历史每重演一次，代价就增加一分。
13. Fred was such a hardworking student that he soon came out first in the class. 弗瑞德是一个学习十分用功的学生，所以不久他就成了班里学习最好的学生。
英译汉1
You shouldn’t get so angry with him.你不该那么生他的生气。
He is very good at finding excuses.他很善于找借口。
I’m not very fond of ice cream.我不太喜欢冰欺凌。
I would be thankful to any advice you can giveme.我会感谢你给我的任何忠告。
He remained faithful to the firm even after he had been dismissed.即使他被解雇，他仍然对公司很忠诚。
I cannot be held responsible to other people’s mistakes.我对其他人犯的错误不负责任。
Don’t be so sure of yourself.不要对自己太自信。
His excellent progress should be obvious toeveryone.他的出色的进步大家应该都有目共睹。
Many people do not approve of blood sports.很多人不赞成狩猎运动。
He was found guilty of murder and condemnedto death.他被发现犯有谋杀罪而被判处死刑。
Has it ever occurred to you that those twins arequite different from each other in many ways? 你有没有想过,这些双胞胎在许多方面都相当不同吗?I consulted my lawyer on the matter and I shallact on his advice.我就此事咨询了我的律师,我将按他的劝告行事。
It is impossible to prevent them fromquarrelling with each other.阻止他们吵架是不可能的。
英译汉-翻译参考译文
练习1 美国印象☐我恐怕不能把美国描绘成十足的天堂——从一般角度来说，也许我对这个国家所知甚少。
我说不出它的经度或纬度；我算不出它出产谷物的价值；我对它的政治也不十分熟悉。
这些东西可能不会使你感兴趣，它们当然也不会让我感兴趣。
☐在美国上岸后得到的第一个深刻印象，就是美国人可能算不上世界上穿得最漂亮的，但却是穿得最舒服的。
那里看得到男人头戴着不堪入目的烟囱式高顶礼帽，但很少有不戴帽子的男人；还看到穿着难看至极的燕尾服的男人，但很少有不穿外套的男人。
美国人的穿戴显得舒适，这和在我国常可以看到的人们衣衫褴褛的情形形成了鲜明的对比。
☐我特别注意到的第二个特点是，似乎每个人都在急着赶火车。
这种情形对诗歌和浪漫爱情是不利的。
要是罗密欧和朱丽叶老是为乘火车而担心，或是在为返城车票而烦恼，莎士比亚就不可能写出那几幕如此富有诗意与伤感情调的阳台戏了。
☐美国是世界上最嘈杂的国家。
在早晨，不是夜莺的歌声，而是汽笛的呜叫把人们唤醒。
美国人讲求实际的头脑这么健全，却没有想到要降低这种令人难以忍受的噪音，真叫人吃惊。
所有艺术都依赖于精细微妙的敏锐感觉，这样持续不断的喧嚣，最终一定会损害人的音乐天赋。
☐美国城市没有牛津、剑桥、索尔兹伯里和温彻斯特那么美丽，那些地方有优雅时代的美好遗迹；虽然不时还是可以看到许多美的东西，但只能在美国人没有存心创造美的地方。
在美国人有意创造美的地方，他们显然没有成功。
美国人的突出特点，便是他们把科学应用于现代生活的那种态度。
☐在纽约走马观花地一走，这一点就一目了然了。
在英国人们常把发明家视作狂人，发明带来的是失望与穷困的例子简直不胜枚举。
在美国发明家受到尊重，他随时可以得到人们的帮助。
在那里心灵手巧、把科技应用于人类的劳动，是致富的捷径。
没有一个国家比美国更爱机器的了。
☐或许，值得指出的是，被许多人指为美国式英语的其实是老的英国式表达，它们在我国已经消失，却在我们的殖民地里留存下来。
许多人以为美国人常说的“I guess”（“我猜”）纯粹是一种美国式表达，但约翰∙洛克在他的The understanding (《理解论》）中就用过这种说法，就像我们现在使用“I think”（“我想”）一样。
英译汉的基本技巧
英译汉的基本技巧一）英译汉的基本程序英译汉的过程包括理解、表达和校核三个阶段。
理解是表达的前提，若不能正确地理解原文就谈不上确切的表达，但理解与表达通常是互相联系、往返反复的过程，在进行汉语表达的时候，又可以进一步加深对原文的理解。
因此，在英译汉的过程中，往往需要我们从英语到汉语，在从汉语到英语反复地推敲。
（一）通读全文通读全文的目的在于从整体上把握段落内容或整篇文章的内容，理解划线部分与文章其他部分之间的语法和逻辑关系，在段落中要搞清划线的句子和其他句子之间的关系，特别要弄清代词it, they, them, this, that, these, those, other 等所指代的对象。
这些词和词组有时在划线的部分中能找到，有时则要到前面的相关句子中去查找。
（二）分析所要翻译句子的结构从翻译试题来看，所给出的段落中划线的部分一般来说句子结构都比较复杂。
复杂的句子如果不搞清楚它的语法结构，很难达到正确、完整地理解原文的要求。
在分析句子结构时，我们要注意首先把句子的主语、谓语和宾语找出来，以便明了句子的主干结构。
在分析句子的主干结构时还应该注意分析句子成份是否有省略的地方，主句和从句之间的关系是否明确等等。
（三）选择适当的翻译方法句子结构分析清楚后，根据主干结构确定采用顺译、逆译还是分译法处理长句；大的框架确定后，根据上下文的意思选择适当的词语翻译方法，可以适当地赠词、补词、引申词义等等。
（四）认真校核译文句子表达清楚后，还应该回过头来校核一下看译文是否达到了“信、达、雅”的标准，确保自己理解的内容能够很有把握地得到分数。
在校核阶段，应注意以下问题;1.人名、地名、日期、方位和数字等译得是否正确；2.对原文中的词、句有无错漏；3.修改译文中译错或表达不够准确的句子、词组或词汇；4.译文中有无错别字；5.标点符号的使用是否正确。
二）英译汉基本技巧（一）单词的翻译1．词义的选择与引申词义的选择是翻译过程中的关键性一步。
英汉互译八种技巧
mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. ❖ 读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科 学使人深刻，伦理使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善 辩。
thought and thought it over and over. 他有又上床去，左思右想，想个不停。
8
这种人闹什么东西呢?闹名誉,闹地位,闹出风头。 What are they after? They are after name, after position, and they want to cut smart figure.
of success. ❖ 不要害怕失败。失败是成功之母。 ❖ Translation from Chinese into English is not
so easy as that from English into Chinese. ❖ 汉译英不像英译汉那么容易。 ❖ A large family has its difficulties. ❖ 大(家庭)有大(家庭)的难处。
常用的翻译技巧
1. 重复法 (repetition) 2. 增译法 (amplification) 3. 减译法 (omission) 4. 词类转换法 (conversion) 5. 词序调整法 (inversion) 6. 分译法 (division) 7. 正说反译, 反说正译法 (negation)（反译法） 8. 语态 变换法 (the change of the voices)
英译汉
英译汉1. I don't like the flat. It is too near the road. 我不喜欢这套公寓,离公路太近了.2. Do you like reading English newspapers 你喜欢读英文报纸吗3. She doesn't like borrowing things from others. 她不喜欢向别人借东西.4. He isn't a programmer. He is an engineer. 他不是一名程序员,他是一名工程师.5. I am looking for a flat on the ground floor. 我在找一间在一层的公寓.6.He's currently working on TV advertisements. 他目前忙着电视广告的事.7.She is talking to a customer right now. 她现在正和一位顾客谈话.8.You can eat and drink in the office, but you can't smoke here.在办公室,你可以吃东西,喝水,但是你不能抽烟.9 He has very good training skills and can speak good French. 他培训技能不错,并且法语很好.10. What about playing football tomorrow afternoon 明天下午踢足球去好吗12. There are two armchairs, a sofa and a television in the living room. 在起居室里有两把扶手椅,一套沙发和一台电视.13. He is not very tall and wears glasses. 他不太高,戴眼镜.14. My cousin is quite outgoing. 我堂兄很外向.15. Jane(简) is better at web-design than Mary(玛丽), but Mary is more experienced at training.在网页设计方面简比玛丽要好,但玛丽在培训方面更加有经验16. How many days did you stay in Beijing 你在北京呆了几天17. The month after next, I do two gym sessions. 下下个月,我要上两个健身班.18. He is good at web-design, much better than her. 他擅长于网页设计,比她更好.19. We have too much cheese in the fridge.我们的冰箱里的奶酪太多了.I feel terrible. I've got a headache, backache and a sore throat.我感觉很难受,我头痛,背疼,嗓子疼.London is busy, noisy, crowded and exciting. But it's too expensive.伦敦繁忙,嘈杂,拥挤,令人兴奋,不过消费也很贵.22. I go to a gym twice a week with my friends. We swim and work out there.我和我朋友两周去一次健身房,我们在那里游泳和锻炼身体.23.He's got short, brown wavy hair with blue eyes and a short beard.他有一头褐色波浪式短发,蓝色的眼睛和短胡子.24.It takes forty minutes to get from the airport to the city centre by taxi.乘出租车从机场到市中心要40分钟.25.The Bank is on the corner. It's opposite the newsagent.银行在角落里,报亭对面.26.He has short hair with a beard.他一头短发,留着胡须.27.He isn't an architect. He is an engineer.他不是建筑师,他是工程师.21. I’m interested in that large flat. 我对那套大公寓感兴趣22.She is watching TV right now. 现在她正在看电视。
英汉互译
英译中Scientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life. At the same time, today, the actions, and inaction, of human beings imperil not only life on the planet, but the very life of the planet. Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 9/11, avian flu, and Iran remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world. Our world is bursting with knowledge---but desperately in need of wisdom. Now, when sound bites are getting shorter, when instant messages crowd out essays, and when individual lives grow more frenzied, college graduates capable of deep reflection are what our world needs. For all these reasons I believed and I believe even more strongly today in the unique and irreplaceable mission of universities.科技进步正在使我们能够探索宇宙的边陲、物质最基本的成分及生命的奇迹。
英汉互译
[汉译英]1. 小明想当一名教师。
2. 你能用英语说出它吗？3. 她在医院工作，她是一名护士。
4. 我们每天有许多作业要做。
5. 你的钢笔是红色的，我的是白色的。
[英译汉]1. He is very kind to us, so we are not afraid of him.2. My father works as an English teacher.3. Please write to me as soon as possible.4. China is a great country with a long history.5. Thousands of people are watching the football match. Keys：[汉译英]1. Xiao Ming wants to be a teacher.2. Can you say it in English?3. She works in a hospital. She is a nurse.4. We have a lot of homework to do every day.5. Your pen is red. Mine is white.[英译汉]1. 他对我们很和蔼，所以我们都不怕他。
2. 我的父亲是一名英语教师。
3. 请尽快给我写信。
4. 中国是一个具有悠久历史的伟大国家。
5. 几千人正在观看足球比赛。
【英译汉】1. We want some meat and bread, please.2. They usually go to school on foot.3. All living things need light and heat from the sun to live.4. I noticed that the bus stopped many times to let people on.【汉译英】1. 你必须好好照顾你的妈妈.2. 树上的苹果很难够得着.3. 不要着急,休息一下,晚饭后你就会好的.Keys: 【英译汉】1. 我们需要一些肉和面包.2. 他们经常步行上学.3. 所有的生物都需要依靠太阳的光和热来生存.4. 我注意到车停下来许多次来载乘客.【汉译英】1. You must take good care of your mother.2. The apples on the tree is hard to reach.3. Don't worry, have a rest and then you'll be all right after suppe r.1. His house is very large and close to his school.2. It usually takes some time to make friends with them.3. Is your father still working in that computer company他的房子很大,离他的学校也很近.跟他们交朋友通常需要一些时间.你父亲还在那间电脑公司工作吗他的收音机很小,但是很好看.他每天早上赶到学校通常需要二十分钟.你的兄弟还在房间里做作业吗His radio is very small but very nice to look at.It usually takes him twenty minutes to get to school every morning.Is your brother still doing his homework in his room4. My teacher promised to talk to my father about it.5. I was so angry that I told him to his face what I thought of him.6. The chairman of the meeting is an old man over sixty.不要相信那些当面赞扬你的人.公司经理是一位大约三十岁左右的年轻人.He promised to give her a nice present for her birthday.Don't believe in those who praise you to your face.The manager of the company is a young man about thirty.他答应给她一件漂亮的生日礼物.会议的主席是一位六十多岁的老人.我非常生气,就当面告诉了他我对他的看法.我的老师答应就此事与我父亲谈谈.7. We still have a long way to go to catch up with the advanced countries.8. I don't know why they refused to accept her invitation.9. It's a good chance to get some useful advice from the famous artist.我们要赶上先进国家还有很长的路要走.我不知道他们为什么拒绝接受她的邀请.这是一个从那位著名的艺术家那里得到有用指教的好机会.It's really a good chance for you to practice your spoken English.你要跟上班还有很长的路要走.他不知道她为什么不愿意跟他一起去.这对你来说确实是一个练习英语口语的好机会.You still have a long way to go to catch up with the class.He didn't know why she was unwilling to go with him.10. You have no right to criticize your parents like that.11. There was only one dollar in his pocket then.12. The old man and his grandson would go fishing on Sundays.你没有权力像那样批评你的父母.当时他的口袋里只有一美元.那位老人和他的孙子星期天总是去钓鱼.你没有权力让他们离开.那间村办学校只有一百个学生和四个老师.我和我的兄弟夏天总是在那条小河里游泳.You have no right to let them leave.There are only one hundred pupils and four teachers in the village school. My brother and I would go swimming in the small river in summer.13. Do you mean you are willing to help them if they ask you14. They are always having a lot of meetings to attend, so they are very busy.15. More skilled workers are badly needed in my uncle's factory.你的意思是说如果他们请你,你是愿意帮助他们的,是吗他们总是有很多会议要参加,所以他们很忙.我叔叔的工厂急需更多的熟练工人.你的意思是说即使他请求你,你也不会借给他钱的,是吗他的头脑里总是有很多奇怪的想法.那个山村急需老师.Do you mean you will not lend him the money even though he asks youHe is always having a lot of strange ideas in his mind.Teachers are badly needed in the mountain village.16. It is said that he has already gone to Australia.17. The present he gave me is right in the school bag.18. They will try their best to improve their working conditions.据说他已经去了澳大利亚.他给我的礼物就在书包里.他们将尽力改善工作条件.据报道,那位著名的歌手将在那里呆两个星期.他们上星期买的那台仪器就在桌子上.她将尽力改进她的英语口语水平.It is reported that the famous singer will stay there for two weeks.The instrument that they bought last week is right on the table.She will try her best to improve her spoken English.19. They invited him to make a speech at the meeting.20. We don't believe the story he told us.21. He is fond of pop music while his parents prefer folk songs.他们邀请他在会上作个发言.我们不相信他给我们讲的故事.他喜欢流行音乐,而他的父母却偏爱民歌.你为什么没有邀请她参加我们的讨论呢他们不相信我能够把这些数学题解出来.他的母亲忙着准备晚饭,而他却在房间里看电视.Why didn't you invite her to join our discussionThey didn't believe that I could work out the maths problems.His mother is busy preparing supper while he is watching TV in the room.22. At last he bought a new house of his own.23. The doctor advised him to give up smoking.24. He wanted very much to finish his homework, but he couldn't keep his eyes open.最后他终于买了一幢属于自己的新房子.医生劝他戒烟.他很想做完作业,可他连眼睛都睁不开了.最后他还是设法把他的儿子送进了附近的一所中学.那小姑娘要她父亲带她去公园.他非常想给他母亲买一件礼物,可他没有钱.At last he managed to send his son to a middle school nearby.The little girl asked her father to take her to the park.He wanted very much to buy his mother a present, but he hadn't any money.25. It is important for the college students to master a foreign language.26. I remembered having met him before.27. After all the students had taken their seats, the teacher began to hand out the examination papers.大学生掌握一门外语是很重要的我记得以前曾经见过他.所有的学生就座之后,老师开始分发试卷.你有必要向李教授求教.他记得临走之前把门锁上了.所有的同学离开教室之后,他开始做作业.It is necessary for you to ask Professor Li for some advice.He remembered having locked the door before he left.After all his classmates had left the classroom, he began to do his homework.28. They lived in a big house surrounded by green trees.29. The teacher often encouraged Tom to study maths well.30. His parents died when he was only a boy of five.他们住在一幢绿树环绕的大房子里.老师经常鼓励汤姆把数学学好.他的父母死了,那时他还只是一个五岁的孩子.我们参观了一座两千年前建的庙宇.那位老妇人希望她的儿子成为一个医生.当他还是一个小孩子的时候,他家搬到了一个小山村.We visited an old temple built two thousand years ago.The old woman expected her son to become a doctor.His family moved to a mountain village when he was a small boy.31. The old man said that we could stop to have a rest.32. In order to improve the listening ability, they decided to listen to the tape every evening.33. With the help of my classmates, I did very well in all the exams.那位老人说,我们可以停下来休息一下.为了改进听力,他们决定每天晚上听录音(磁带).在同学们的帮助下,我各门考试都考得很好.老师说,我们不能离开教室,除非我们做完作业.为了做好工作,他们决定在周五之前做准备.在老师们得帮助下,我在本学期取得了很大得进步.The teacher said that we couldn't leave the room unless we finished our homework.In order to do the work well, they decided to make preparations before Friday.With the help of the teachers, I have made a lot of progress this term.34. She agreed to stay with me for a couple of days.35. We are very much surprised that he should have set the prisoners free.36. What he said at the meeting surprised everybody present.她同意跟我在一起呆几天.他竟然把那些犯人放走了,我们感到非常吃惊.他在会上所说的话使在场的每个人都感到吃惊.他同意尽快来帮助我们.她竟然写出这么好的作文,我们感到非常高兴.他在学校所做的事使他父母非常生气.He agreed to come to our help as soon as possible.We are very glad that she should have written so good a composition.What he did at school made his parents very angry.37. John told me that he was brought up by his uncle.38. Jack asked me to buy him some envelopes on my way home.39. Last Sunday morning, I went to the station to meet my uncle.约翰告诉我他是由他叔叔抚养大的.杰克告诉我他因为迟到而受到了老师的惩罚.Jack told us that he was punished by his teacher for being late.杰克要我在回家的路上给他买一些信封.汤姆要他兄弟在去看电影的路上帮他寄封信.Tom asked his brother to post a letter for him on his way to the cinema.上个星期天的上午,我去车站接我叔叔.昨天下午,他去邮局寄了一封信.Yesterday afternoon, he went to the post office to post a letter.40. The teacher gave him a piece of paper and asked him to write a composition.41. Frankly speaking, I don't quite agree with what he just said.42. As far as I am concerned, I don't like this kind of music.老师给他一张纸,让他写一篇作文.他父亲递给他一把铁锹,让他挖一个坑.His father handed him a spade and asked him to dig a hole.坦率的说,我不太同意他刚才说的话.一般说来,孩子们对一切都很好奇.Generally speaking, children are always curious about everything.就我而言,我不喜欢这种音乐.就我所知,她有一个兄弟在上海工作.As far as I know, she has got a brother working in Shanghai.43. If you don't work hard, how can you expect to pass all the exams44. One evening, I went out for a walk with my mother.45. The photos reminded him of his happy childhood.如果你不努力学习,你怎么指望通过所有这些考试呢如果你不尊敬他们,你怎么能指望他们尊重你呢If you don't respect them, how can you expect them to respect you有一天晚上,我和母亲一起出去散步.有一天早上,我和爷爷一起去钓鱼.One morning, I went fishing with my grandpa.这些照片使他想起了他快乐的童年.这本旧书使我想起了那段悲痛的经历.The old book reminded me of the sad experience.46. Mr White agreed to look into the matter himself.47. Watching too much TV will do harm to your eyes.48. It is reported that lots of people are worried about the result.怀特先生同意亲自调查此事.史密斯先生没有同意亲自照顾这个婴儿.Mr Smith didn't agree to look after the baby himself.看电视太多对你的眼睛有害.早锻炼对你的健康有好处.Doing exercise in the morning will do good to your health.据报道,很多人对这个结果担忧.据说,校长对你的工作很满意.It is said that the headmaster is satisfied with your work.49. The book is made up of fifteen chapters.50. He left his hometown at the age of twelve and has never been heard of ever since.51. It looked as if there were no more fish left in the lake.这本书由十五个章节组成.这个委员会由九位成员组成,七男两女.The committee is made up of nine members, seven man and two women.他十二岁时离开家乡,此后再无音讯.她是去年夏天去那里的,已经在那里呆了好几个月了.She went there last summer and has stayed there for several months.看起来这湖里没剩下什么鱼了.看起来这湖水似乎受到了严重污染.It looks as if the water in the lake has become seriously polluted.52. Doctor Li often uses some advanced instruments to treat his patients.53. Once you show any fear, the dog will attack you.54. To buy these gifts, I think, is really a waste of money.李医生经常使用一些先进的仪器治疗他的病人.杰克很少使用先进的仪器做实验.Jack seldom uses the advanced instruments to do his experiments.一旦你显出惧怕的样子,这条狗就会向你进攻.一旦你见到他,你就会永远忘不了他.Once you see him, you will never forget him.我想,买这些礼品确实是浪费钱.我想,试图说服他确实是浪费时间.To try to persuade him, I think, is really a waste of time.55. No matter what she is, she must pay for her meals.56. In this way, you can find out how many people are using the machine.57. He made a telephone call to Jack and told him what to do.不管她是谁,她吃饭必须要付钱.不管他住的离这里有多远,他上学从不迟到.No matter how far he lives away from here, he is never late for school.以这种方式,你就可以查出来有多少人在使用这台机器.以这种方式,你就可以很容易地解决这个问题.In this way, you can solve the problem easily.他给杰克打了个电话,告诉他该做什么.他给我留了个条子,告诉我如何解决这个问题.He left me a note and told me how to solve the problem.58. I think we should fix a date for the next meeting now.59. Almost all the newspapers carried this important news.60. He expressed his satisfaction with the result and added he would work harder. 我想我们现在应该为下一次会议定个日期.我想我们应该在做任何其他事情之前认真考虑此事.I think we ought to consider the matter carefully before we do anything else.几乎所有的报纸都登载了这个重要新闻.几乎所有的学生都同意帮助那个有残疾的男孩.Almost all the students agreed to help the disabled boy.他对结果表示满意,并补充说他将更加努力地工作.校长对我们的工作表示满意,并补充说他将在下次会上表扬我们.The headmaster expressed his satisfaction with our work and added he would praise us at the next meeting.61. It was the old lady who attended his wife when she was ill.62. I don't care whether he quarreled with my brother.63. His father was fired by a company one month ago.正是那位老太太在他妻子生病时照顾她.我不在家时正是那位老人照看我的孩子.It was the old man who looked after my children while I was away.我不在乎他是否跟我的兄弟吵过架.我不在乎他是不是通过了驾驶测试.I don't care whether he passed the driving test or not.一个月前,他父亲被一家公司解雇了.上个星期一他妹妹受到了老师的惩罚.His sister was punished by her teacher last Monday.64. They often kill time by playing cards and chess on Sundays.65. At the foot of the mountain, there flowed a small river.66. If you don't like the house, I can try and find another for you.每逢星期天,他们经常是打牌,下棋来消磨时间.我们不应当用看电视或是听音乐来消磨时间.We shouldn't kill time by watching TV or listening to music.山脚下有(流淌着) 一条小河.小山的脚下有(耸立着)一座五百年前建的古庙.At the foot of the hill, there stood an old temple built five years ago.如果你不喜欢这座房子,我可以试着再给你另找一座.如果你不喜欢这个包,我可以说服你父亲再给你另买一个.If you don't like the bag, I can persuade your father to buy you another one.67. We'd better put off the plan till next year because we can't get enough money at present.68. As soon as he got out of the car, he was surrounded by a group of journalists.69. The city where I live is an old city set up two thousand years ago.我们最好把这个计划推迟到明年,因为我们目前弄不到足够的钱.我们最好把这个会议推迟到下周,因为太多的人缺席.We'd better put off the meeting till next week because so many people are absent.他一从车里出来就被一群记者包围住了.那位著名的歌手一进入大厅就被一群激动的歌迷围住了.As soon as the famous singer entered the hall, he was surrounded by a group of excited fans.我住的那座城市是一座两千年前建的古城.我昨天读的那本书是老舍写的一部小说.The book I read yesterday was a novel written by Lao She.70. My grandma always tells us never to waste any food.71. Finally I realized that the letter was not intended for me.72. What she should do is to help them to help themselves.我爷爷总是告诉我们千万别浪费粮食.老师要你别浪费水.The teacher told you not to waste any water.最后我意识到,那封信不是写给我的.最后他意识到他父母挣钱是不容易的.Finally he realized that it was no easy job for his parents to make money.她应该做的事情是帮助他们自助.你应该做的事情是鼓励学生(开口)讲.What you should do is to encourage the students to speak.73. The question is whether the price is worth paying.74. The book is cheap and at the same time informative.75. At that time she was waiting for a long distance call.问题在于是否值得付出这样的代价.问题在于您是否应当在课堂上表扬他.The question is whether you should praise him in class.这本书售价便宜,内容又丰富.你昨天看的电影很有趣,同时又具有教育意义.The film you saw last night is interesting and at the same time instructive.那时她正在等一个长途电话.那时他正在和父母一起吃晚饭.At that time he was having supper with his parents.76. The teacher encouraged me to make up my mind to catch up with the rest of the class.77. As long as we rely on the masses, I'm sure the task will be finished on time.78. As far as I know, Jack is now in charge of an important department.老师鼓励我下定决心赶上班里的其他同学.总统号召人民全力以赴赶上发达国家.The president called on the people to go all out to catch up with the developed countries. 只要我们依靠群众,我相信,任务就一定会按时完成.只要我们坚持这项计划,我们就一定能成功.As long as we stick to this plan, we are sure to succeed.据我所知,杰克现在负责一个重要部门.据我所知,三班现在由怀特先生负责.As far as I know, Class Three is now in the charge of Mr. White.79. Tom was very disappointed when he heard the disappointing news.80. It's nearly ten years since we moved into the small village.81. The population of the city will be decreased by 10% by the end of 2008.汤姆听到这个令人失望的消息非常失望.我听到这个令人激动的消息非常激动.I was very excited when I heard the exciting news.自从我们搬到这个小村庄已经将近十年了.自从他来我市学习已经五年多了.It is more than five years since he came to study in our city.到2008年年底为止这个城市的人口将增加百分之十.到明年年底为止这个工厂的产量将增加百分之十五.The production of the factory will be increased by 15% by the end of next year.82. Do you plan to attend the meeting to be held next week83. It is said that he made an exciting speech at the meeting.84. You should try your best to get the students to practice by themselves.你打算参加下周召开的会议吗她已经决定参加下个月举行的运动会了吗Has she decided to take part in the sports meet to be held next month据说他在会上作了一个令人激动的演讲.据说他拒绝在会上发言.It is said that he refused to speak at the meeting.你应当尽力让学生自己练习.我们应当尽力在工作中帮助他们.We should try our best to help them with the work.85. The teacher doesn't allow the students to enter the teachers' office without permission.86. I insist that you should talk to your father about it.87. He often encourages me to do better in my English studies.老师不允许学生未经许可进入教师办公室.他父亲不允许他不经许可使用他的电脑.His father doesn't allow him to use his computer without permission.我坚持要你跟你父亲谈谈此事.我建议你邀请他参加我们小组.I suggest that you should invite him to join our group.他经常鼓励我把英语学习搞得更好.他的同学都鼓励他改掉这些坏习惯.All his classmates encourage him to get rid of the bad habits.88. What happened proved that he hadn't given us any help.89. We requested that he tell us a story about the Long March.90. Frankly speaking, we are very much worried about their safety.所发生的事情证明了他并没有给我们任何帮助.所发生的事情说明他并不愿意帮助我们.What happened shows that he is unwilling to help us.我们要求他给我们讲一个长征的故事.他们建议你要求那位老教授参加我们的讨论.They suggested that you invite the old professor to join in our discussion.坦率的说,我们非常担心他们的安全.就我所知,他们根本不担心实验的结果.As far as I know, they are not worried about the result of the experiment at all.91. A new hospital is being built near our school.92. Although the computer is small, it can store a lot of information.93. It's impossible for us to avoid meeting this kind of people.我们学校附近正在建一个新医院.我的家乡正在建设一条新铁路.A new railway is being built in my hometown.尽管这台电脑很小,它可以储存大量的信息.尽管他很疲劳,他也不愿停下来休息一下.Although he was very tired, he would not stop to have a rest.我们想避免碰到这种人是不可能的.你想避免碰到大量的困难是不可能的.It's impossible for you to avoid coming across a lot of difficulties.94. Then we decided to organize a trip to Qingdao.95. What will you say if someone praises you for your good English96. He suggests that we review our lessons by asking each other questions.接着,他们决定组织一次旅游去青岛.接着,他们决定停止向那个地区提供食品.Then they decided to stop providing food to that area.如果有人夸你英语很好,你会说什么如果他要你借给他一些钱你会怎么办What will you do if he asks you to lend him some money他建议,我们(可以)通过彼此提问来复习功课.她建议我们通过定期写信的方式来保持联系.She suggests that we keep in touch with each other by writing letters regularly.97. He just wanted to know how to write an English composition.98. The professor simply doesn't understand why the boy has so many strange ideas.99. He told the girl that he wanted to send a letter to Singapore.他只是想知道怎么样写一篇英语作文.老师只是想弄清楚谁打破了窗子.The teacher just wanted to find out who broke the window.那位教授简直不明白那个孩子为什么有那么多奇怪的想法.他简直不明白他爷爷怎么会在回家的路上迷了路.He simply doesn't understand how his grandpa got lost on the way home.他告诉那姑娘他想往新加坡寄封信.她告诉我说她想给她母亲挑一件礼物.She told me that she wanted to choose a present for her mother.100. The next day he asked me to go to his office for an interview.101. What you should do is to choose a topic and write a composition.102. When we got there, we found the hall already filled with people.第二天,他要我去他办公室面试/见面.第二天,他们邀请我去那个学院参观一个艺术展览.The next day they invited me to visit an art exhibition in that college.你所要做的事情就是选一个题目,写一篇作文.你现在所要做的事情就是给她写封信表示道歉.What you should do now is to write her a letter and make an apology.当我们到达那里时,我们发现大厅里已经坐满了人.当我们到达那个村庄时,我们发现太阳已经下山了.When we arrived at the village, we found the sun already set down behind the hills. 103. He immediately took off his clothes and jumped into the lake.104. Two hours passed, but he still didn't turn up.105. She has already made up her mind to go to the south with him.他立刻脱掉衣服跳进湖里.他立即放下笔冲出了房间.He put down his pen at once and rushed out of the room.两个小时过去了.可他还没有露面.两个星期过去了,那个小村庄仍然被敌人的士兵包围着.Two weeks passed, but the small village was still surrounded by the enemy soldiers.她已经打定注意跟他一起去南方.我们已经打定注意帮助他摆脱困境.We have already made up our mind to help him out of trouble.106. He asked the boss to give him a chance to try this method.107. As soon as they got there, they began to climb the mountains.108. I gave him a telephone call at once and advised him to give up smoking.他要求老板给他一个机会来试一试这种方法.他们要求我借给他们一些钱来购买这种材料.They asked me to lend them some money to buy this material.他们一到那里就开始爬山了.我们一到那里就开始为那位老太太打扫房子.As soon as we got there, we began to clean the house for the old lady.我立即给他打了个电话劝他戒烟.我立即给他写了一封信鼓励他更加努力工作.I wrote him a letter at once and encourage him to work harder.109. I like my grandma, for she is good at telling stories.110. I was about to leave home when a neighbour came to borrow my bike.111. There are five buildings in our school, three of which were set up last year.我喜欢我的奶奶,因为她会讲故事.我不喜欢我的小弟弟,因为他老是撒谎.I don't like my little brother, for he is always telling lies.我正要离开家,这时一位邻居来借我的自行车.我们正要进入大厅,这时一群孩子冲了出来.We were about to enter the hall when a group of children rushed out.我们学校有五座大楼,其中三座是去年建的.我们学习小组有六名成员,其中四位已经受到了老师的表扬.There are six members in our study group, four of whom have been praised by the teacher. 112. Alice is always the first to come to school.113. I don't think I'll need any money but I'll bring some in case.114. This is the book I told you about; I borrowed it from Professor Li yesterday.爱丽丝总是第一个来学校.我们的物理老师总是最后一个离开实验室.Our physics teacher is always the last to leave the lab.我想我不需要钱,不过我还是带一点以防万一.我想我们不需要这种材料,不过我们还是买一点以防万一.I don't think we'll need this kind of material now but we'll buy some in case.这就是我跟你说过的那本书;我昨天从李教授那儿借的.这就是我跟你说过的那个手提箱;我是上个星期在公园拣到的.This is the suitcase I told you about; I found it in the park last week.115. The teacher suggested that each student have an English-English dictionary.116. There is a newly opened supermarket nearby, where you can get what you want. 117. Do you still remember the place where we first met老师建议每个学生备一本英-英词典.数学老师建议学生课后多做练习.The maths teacher suggested the students do more exercises after class.附近有一家新开张的超市,在那里你可以买到你想要的东西.我们区有一个大的图书馆,在那里你可以借到你想要的书.There is a big library in our district, where you can borrow the books you want.你还记得我们初次见面的地方吗你还记得高一时教我们的英语老师吗Do you still remember the English teacher who taught us in Senior One118. Don't forget to return the magazine to the reading room when you finish reading it. 119. Did you remember to pay the money back to Jack120. He had promised to get a ticket for you, but he didn't.你看完这本杂志以后别忘了还给阅览室.你做完实验以后别忘了把灯关上.Don't forget to turn off the lights when you finish doing your experiment.你有没有记住把钱还给杰克你离开实验室时有没有记住锁门Did you remember to lock the door when you left the lab他答应给您弄张票的,可他没有弄到.他们答应帮我们进行工作的,可他们并没有帮忙.They had promised to help us in the work, but they didn't.121. He wanted to join the army but was turned down because he was not old enough. 122. Why did you throw the bottle out of the window123. Would you rather watch TV or go out for a walk他想参军可是被拒绝了,因为他年龄不够大.我想参加他的俱乐部可是被拒绝了,因为我太小.I wanted to join his club but was turned down because I was too young.你为什么把瓶子扔出窗外你为什么藏在门后面Why did you hide yourself behind the door您是愿意看电视呢,还是想出去散步您是愿意打的还是想乘公共汽车Would you rather take a taxi or go by bus124. Do you think it possible for us to visit the small town again125. I don't know what he bought some cigarettes for.126. You should have well prepared for the speech.你觉得我们有可能再次参观这个小镇吗你觉得她有可能再有一次机会试一试运气吗Do you think it possible for her to have another chance to try her luck我不知道他买香烟干什么用.你知不知道我们老师代个大袋子来干什么.Do you know what our teacher brought a big bag for。
英译汉语篇翻译
一位老人是这个持枪歹徒的第一个受害者。老人先被一辆 卡车撞倒，正当他试图起身时，被击中头部。
10. Mother: Is that your coat on the floor? Son: I’ll pick it up.
妈妈:地上是你的外套吗？ 儿子：这就捡起来。
Thank you
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
经济学家认为，经济衰退比预测中更加严重。 很明显，等待已久的经济衰退已经到来。许多经济学 家认为国家经济活动的衰退比先前预测的更加严重， 持续时间更长。
5. President Jimmy Carter noted that inflation is the cruelest tax that anyone can pay. Many people agree with that statement, arguing that the persistent decline in the dollar’s purchasing power hurts people directly because products cost more, and also causes a kind of psychological damage. Recent polls have shown that the average American, far from being optimistic, expects prices to rise to ever higher rates.
7. Just as man has found great uses for the materials which he can dig up from the ground so, too, he has found important uses for the gases which he can obtain from the air.
英翻汉的基本技巧
IV.减词（omission）
减词：将原文中需要而译文中又不需要的词语省去。 A．语法需要 英汉两种语言在语法上差异较大，例如：英语有冠词，
而汉语却没有；英语重形合、连接词较多，汉语重意合、 连接词较少；英语中介词丰富，多达280多个，汉语中 介词则较少，只有30来个；英语中经常使用代词，尤其 是经常使用人称代词、关系代词等，而汉语中代词则用 得较少；因此，英译汉时可根据具体情况将冠词、连接 词、介词、代词略去，使译文练达晓畅。例如： (1) I know my friends from the feel of their faces. 我靠触摸脸庞来辨认朋友。 (2) Ice is a solid. If we heat it, it melts and becomes water. 冰是固体，如果加热，就融化成水。
IV.减词（omission）
B．从修饰角度进行减省 为了使译文简洁晓畅、“文约而意丰”
(4)There was no snow, the leaves were
gone from the trees, the grass was dead. 天未下雪，但叶落草枯。 (5) There was not a sound in her---and around us nothing moved, nothing lived, not a canoe on the water, not a bird in the air, not a cloud in the sky.
（一） 转译为动词：
介词转译为动词 The pupils are at their lessons. 学生们正在上课 Spring is in, the river is up. 春天来了，河水涨起来了。
英译汉常见技巧
词类转译方法
汉语句子中动词使用普遍，英汉翻译时，要相应的学会 转化，其中一种就是把其中一些动词转译为别的词类。 2. 使用计算机可以改进工作条件。 An improvement of the working condition can be achieved by the use of computer system. 3. 坚持一个中国的原则，是实现和平统一的基础和前提。 Adherence to the principle of One China is the basis and premise for peaceful reunification.
参考译文：他不善于在公众面前演讲，他不喜欢同公众握 手。(课本第三册 单元1 第九段 第三行)
注： 本句中，在英语名词speaker转译汉语动词“演讲” ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ，修饰该动词的形容词effective也就相应转译成副词” 善于”了。 。
词类转译方法三：转译成形容词
（2）有些名词加不定冠词作表语时，可转译成形容词 例如：The visit to the Europe was a success. 参考译文：出访欧洲（欧洲之行）很成功。
汉译英典型句式对比
汉语多个分句结构松散，各分句以意相连，形式上看不出明 显形态标记，分句与分句之间关系或承上启下，互为呼应， 或层层递进；英语句式结构则均已SV为主干构成全句中心， 以动词为焦点，全句围绕这一SV中心主干进行构架，因而句 子语义层次分明，显性形态标记准确清晰
例句： 亚洲是一个有着悠久历史和重要地位的大洲。 她是人类文明的摇篮之一，对人类文明的进步和科学 文化的发展作出过辉煌的贡献。
参考译文：我未必会教你游泳，我想我的弟弟比我教得 好。
Formality has always characterized their relationship. 参考译文：他们之间的关系，有一个特点，就是以礼相待。
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1. 英汉差异2.英译汉·加注和释义加注法可分音译加注和直译加注You look like AL_Capone in that suit.你穿上那套衣服，看上去就像个流氓阿尔.卡彭*了。
（阿尔.卡彭是美国历史上臭名昭著的歹徒，芝加哥犯罪集团的一首领。
）It was Friday and soon they’d go out and get drunk.星期五发薪日到了，他们马上就要出去喝酒，一醉方休。
Black people have all too often found the American Dream a nightmare.黑人们经常发现所谓的美国梦* 不过是一场噩梦。
（美国梦是指美国式的民主、自由等）释义释义是舍弃原文中的具体形象，直接译出原文的意思。
It’s not easy to become a member of that club-they want people who have plenty of money to spend, not just every Tom, Dick, and Harry.要参加那个俱乐部并非易事—他们只吸收手头阔绰的人，而不是普通百姓。
Our son must go to school. He must break out of the pot thatholds us in.我们的儿子一定得上学，一定要出人头地。
·增词I was extremely worried about her, but this was neither the place nor the time for a lecture or an argument.我非常担心她,但不论是地点还是时间都不适合和她讲解或争论。
Britain’s railway system is being improved.英国的铁路系统正在改善。
English prose is elaborate rather than simple. It was not always so.现今英语散文是精心制作的而不是简单的就能做到。
但它并不总是如此。
I saw bubbles rising from under the water.我看见一个个水泡从水下升起。
Reports of new successes keep pouring in.捷报频传When I turned around, John was grinning, expectant, studying my face intently to see if he had pleased me. He had.一转身就看见John咧嘴对我笑，满怀期待的盯着我看他是否取悦了我。
他确实取悦了我。
When I came to I was in the water, swimming automatically,though I was about two thirds drowned.一醒来就发现自己浸在水里被淹得个半死，毫无意识的漂浮着。
These early cars were slow, clumsy, and inefficient.这些早期的汽车速度慢，不灵活，功率低。
Recourse to arms is not the best solution to a quarrel between countries.诉诸武力不是最好的解决国与国之间的争端的办法。
People use natural science to understand and change nature.人类利用自然科学去理解和改造自然。
·减词Ice is a solid. If we heat it, it melts and becomes water.冰是一种固体，加热它，它就会融化变成水。
There are some things that I have happily seen of the wondrous way of the spider.我发现了蜘蛛的奇异怪趣。
Standing as it does on a high hill, the church commands a new view.站在高山上，会有一个全新的视角看教堂。
·转换The cultivation of a hobby and new forms of interest is thereforea policy of first importance to a public man.对一个从事社会活动的人来讲，第一重要的是培养一种嗜好和新的情趣方式。
She was gazing across the sea, apparently ignorant of him.她凝视着横渡大海,显然是无知的。
Traditionally, there had always been good relations between them.他们一直保持着良好的传统关系。
Since this country was founded, each generation Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty.自建国以来,每一代美国人都曾受到召唤去证明他们对国家的忠诚。
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation.八十七年前,我们的先辈们在这个大陆上创立了一个新国家。
Their production doubled in the first quarter of the year.他们在第一季度产量翻了一番。
These differences should not hinder us from establishing normal state relations, still less should they lead to war.这些差异不应妨碍我们国家关系的建立正常,应更少导致战争。
Father’s attitude toward anybody who wasn’t his kind used topuzzle me.父亲对待任何与他不同种类的人的态度总是让我困惑不解。
The United Nations Organization has not , so far, justified the hopes which the people of the world set on it.到目前为止，联合国组织还没有实现全世界人民对她的期望。
I was convinced then and I am convinced now that while the risks were great, so, too, was the potential reward.我确信那时和现在都存在有风险，因此也有潜在的回报。
His acceptance into the Party is a quite natural thing.他在聚会是很自然的事。
But he would have to be careful not to offend Crass, the foreman, who could give him the sack at any time.但他必须小心，不要冒犯了随时可以解雇他的领班。
·归化Everybody said how well the new Secretary was doing, but old Mr. Carr said shortly, “ Yes. New brooms sweep clean.”大家都说那个新来的秘书是做的如何的好,但是老先生卡尔说:“是啊。
新官上任三把火嘛。
”They will be ice-skating in hell the day, when I vote the aid for them.除非太阳从西边出来，我才会投票给他们援助。
·切分Scofflaws abound in amazing variety.常违反法规者数不胜数。
Tobacco addicts remain hopelessly blind to signs that say No Smoking.那些无视“禁止吸烟”标志有烟瘾的人已经无药可救了。
This is a NATO matter and any comment on it should appropriately come from NATO.这是一个北约问题，有关他的任何评价应适当来自北约。
Inviting green Angel Island, once a military installation, contains meandering trails and picnic spots ideal for a day’s excursion.曾今的一个诱人的军事基地绿色天使岛，有蜿蜒小道与野餐的斑点，是一天远足的理想去处。
Daybreak comes with thick mist and drizzle.黎明时分,厚雾层层，蒙蒙细雨。
Helen March picked up the telephone seconds after the first ring and sounded puzzled when Alan asked for June.在三月，海伦在第一遍铃声响起时拿起电话几秒后，艾伦却问六月的事，为此她很困惑。
·合并He was shocked. Never before had anyone come alone, on foot,to his father’s cabin.他对从来没有人独自步行去他父亲的小屋感到震惊。
There was no anger in him, no resentment, only a hollowness that he knew could not be filled again.他心里没有愤怒没有怨恨，有的只是一种无法再填补的空虚。
·从句的译法What he told me was only half-truth.他告诉我的只是半真半假的说词。
It doesn’t make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not.他是否出席这次会议都没有多大关系。