2020杨浦区二模作文讲评
2020年上海市杨浦区教育学院附属学校高三英语二模试题及答案解析
2020年上海市杨浦区教育学院附属学校高三英语二模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALOI English—English Conversation ClassesTake English conversation classes with native English -speaking teachers from theUnited States,IrelandandAustralia, live, 1 - on - 1.This is by far the best way to improve your real spoken English and listening abilities and get to a level where you can use it in real - life situations. Our teachers mainly carry on conversations about work in different fields, such as business, finance, politics and travel. However, if you like, you can have normal day - to - day conversations about events, weather, etc. If you would like to learn some grammar during conversation, we can do that too!Our English Conversation classes:• Your conversations will always be with a native English speaker.• You can choose the time, day and teacher for each class.• The classes are made for each student individually. They will be at your level, studying what you need and what interests you.Packages10 Classes Package $ 229.90Interested in taking 10, 55 - minute conversation English classes?Schedule a first free class with LOI English and talk to the teacher about it. After that, you can arrange to take our 10 - class conversation English course.20 Classes Package $ 439,80Interested in taking 20, 55 - minute conversation English classes?Schedule a first free class with LOI English and talk to the teacher about it. After that, you can arrange to take our 20 - class conversation English course.1. What do the classes mainly focus on?A. Daily conversations.B. Work - related topics.C. Grammar rules.D. Area - based accents.2. Which is NOT offered to the students?A. Native English - speaking teachers.B. Personalized courses.C. Choice of class time and teacher.D. Offline learning materials.3. What should a student do first if he decides on either of the packages?A. Arrange a free class with LOI English.B. Bargain with LOI English for lower fees.C. Choose an experienced LOI English teacher.D. Make a promise to sit through each class.BWhat do you think of 80s pop music? Do the names George Michael, Madonna and Michael Jackson sound familiar? Well, these are just some of the names that were well-known in the music scene of the 80s and early 90s. The 80s pop musicscene was an important step to the popularity (普及) of present-day music. A new wave in the music scene was introduced, which made such music styles as punk rock, rap music and the MTV popular. Although it was an end to the old 60s and 70s styles, it was also the beginning of something big. The popularity of music videos meant that artists now replaced their guitar-based music with visual displays. A new wave of artists came on the scene and the entire industry developed quickly.The most famous 80s pop music video is Michael Jackson’s Thriller. Introduced in 1982, few people can forget the video not only because of its never-be-foreseen images, but also because of the popularity it received. Think of how 80s pop music changed the lives of people who grew up in the 80s. Ask a young man today to tell you the names of the “New Kids on the Block” and he will start talking about the neighbor kids who just moved in. These are not the answers you might have heard in the 80s. Though today’s young men do not recognize how cool 80s pop music was, most people will always remember it for what it was and these are happy memories they will always love.Some of the 80s pop music legends (传奇人物) include Madonna, U2, AeroSmith and of course the King of Pop Michael Jackson. Let’s not forget Prince, Tina Turner, Phil Collins and Motown’s Lionel Ritchie. Some of these musicians played music that has stood the test of time. Undoubtedly, the 80s pop music scene will live on for many more years to come.4. What is the text mainly about?A. The characters of 80s pop music.B. What made 80s pop music popular.C. 80s pop music’s steps to popularity.D. The effects of 80s pop music.5. 80s pop music mainly includes the following styles EXCEPT ________.A. guitar-based musicB. the MTVC. rap musicD. punk rock6. Michael Jackson’s Thriller impressed people so deeply mainly because ________.A. it changed the lives of peopleB. he sang it in a special styleC. it was made into a music videoD. it left people with happy memories7. The purpose of the last paragraph is to tell readers that ________.A. 80s pop music is and will remain popularB. 80s pop music has many faultsC. 80s pop music is now out of dateD. we shouldn’t forget the great musicians of the 80sCDisease-carrying mosquitoes can spread diseases without affecting themselves. Nearly 700 million people get a mosquito-borne illness each year, which results in over one million deaths. Humans experience continuous pressures from disease-carrying mosquitoes in many parts of the world, so we have to find ways to fight against those insects because they keep getting scarier.Even though DEET remains the most commonly used, and most powerful, mosquito repellent ever developed, scientists are actively pursuing effective products based entirely on plant oils. While DEET is an effective contact repellent, many people dislike the oily feel and smell on their skin, and sometimes some people are sensitive to it. Consumers are always interested in alternatives to DEET and other synthetic repellents, so there are numerous natural repellents on the market.In his lab atIowaStateUniversity, Dr. Joel Coats and his team have successfully tested these repellents against three species of dangerous mosquitoes. The first group of the new repellents act through the air. These chemicals have a vapor action that provides protection, and they are called “spatial” repellents, since they act through space. These are potentially most useful in backyards, parks, and houses. The other group are the classic ones that stop insects from standing on a treated surface, such as human skin, clothing or tents; collaborators at the USDA-ARS and BioGents have conducted testing with humans to confirm the effectiveness and identify the very best ones.The new repellents were designed and made from the natural materials in plant essential oils. They maintain many of the advantages of the natural repellents: They are fully biodegradable, with no ecological concerns or environmental wastes, and generally considered safe like the thousands of types of plant essential oils used in the flavor and perfume industries. However, thorough testing will be conducted to determine if they are truly non-poisonous because there is still no enough evidence.8. What does the author mainly want to show in paragraph 1?A. The way mosquitoes spread disease.B. The high death rate of mosquito-borne illness.C. The difficulty of fighting disease-carrying mosquitoes.D. The urgency of finding tools to fight against mosquitoes.9. What is a disadvantage of DEET?A. It won’t be effective for long.B. It can’t be applied universally.C. It causes discomfort to the users.D. It greatly harms people’s health.10. What can we learn about the second group of the new repellents?A. They can kill mosquitoes indirectly.B. They are mainly used in the open air.C. They are more effective on human skin.D. They can prevent mosquitoes from contacting users.11. What’s the author’s attitude to the new repellents?A. Subjective.B. Objective.C. Doubtful.D. Disapproving.DWhat do you think of 80s pop music? Do the names George Michael, Madonna and Michael Jackson sound familiar? Well, these are just some of the names that were well-known in the music scene of the 80s and early 90s. The 80s pop musicscene was an important step to the popularity (普及) of present-day music. A new wave in the music scene was introduced, which made such music styles as punk rock, rap music and the MTV popular. Although it was an end to the old 60s and 70s styles, it was also the beginning of something big. The popularity of music videos meant that artists now replaced their guitar-based music with visual displays. A new wave of artists came on the scene and the entire industry developed quickly.The most famous 80s pop music video is Michael Jackson’s Thriller. Introduced in 1982, few people can forget the video not only because of its never-be-foreseen images, but also because of the popularity it received. Think of how 80s pop music changed the lives of people who grew up in the 80s. Ask a young man today to tell you the names of the “New Kids on the Block” and he will start talking about the neighbor kids who just moved in. These are not the answers you might have heard in the 80s. Though today’s young men do not recognize how cool 80s pop music was, most people will always remember it for what it was and these are happy memories they will always love.Some of the 80s pop music legends (传奇人物) include Madonna, U2, AeroSmith and of course the King ofPop Michael Jackson. Let’s not forget Prince, Tina Turner, Phil Collins and Motown’s Lionel Ritchie. Some of these musicians played music that has stood the test of time. Undoubtedly, the 80s pop music scene will live on for many more years to come.12. What is the text mainly about?A. The characters of 80s pop music.B. What made 80s pop music popular.C. 80s pop music’s steps to popularity.D. The effects of 80s pop music.13. 80s pop music mainly includes the following styles EXCEPT ________.A. guitar-based musicB. the MTVC. rap musicD. punk rock14. Michael Jackson’s Thriller impressed people so deeply mainly because ________.A. it changed the lives of peopleB. he sang it in a special styleC. it was made into a music videoD. it left people with happy memories15. The purpose of the last paragraph is to tell readers that ________.A. 80s pop music is and will remain popularB. 80s pop music has many faultsC. 80s pop music is now out of dateD. we shouldn’t forget the great musicians of the 80s第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届上海民办杨浦凯慧高级中学高三语文二模试卷及答案解析
2020届上海民办杨浦凯慧高级中学高三语文二模试卷及答案解析一、现代文阅读(36分)(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字,完成下面小题。
①戏曲是中国特有的表演艺术:世界上没有一个国家的戏剧像中华戏曲这样,有唱,有念,有表演,有武打,其综合性之强在各国戏剧中独一无二;世界上也很少有国家像中国这样,拥有如此丰富的剧种。
②中华戏曲之所以能够拥有数百个剧种并且发展壮大到今天的规模,是因为它有紧跟时代、贴近民众、善于吸收和借鉴其他一切艺术形式的特质。
京剧的形成就清楚地说明了这一点。
200多年前,徽班进京,多剧种的融合形成京剧,符合当时人们的欣赏需求。
正因为京剧综合性很强,具有融汇多个剧种优势的特质,加之清王室和诸多文人的关爱,19世纪的京剧从文学、声腔到美学都向前推进了一大步,出现了“同光十三绝”。
③与发展并行的是时代挑战。
从“五四”开始,人们就围绕继承和出新的问题不断探索。
今天这个话题仍在被探讨,有人坚持传统一点都不能动,有人认为移步就要换形,就要大动。
我认为在这个问题上不能主观臆造,应该审时度势,既不背离传统,又观照时代特点和观众的审美需求,在继承基础之上推陈出新是可行之路。
④首先需认清何为“根本”。
戏曲是声腔艺术,不是话剧,也不是现代舞。
不同旋律的唱腔是剧种的根和特色。
对此,我们不仅要继承,更要抢救和研究,将独特的声腔保存下来。
我们拿到舞台上的,需是在继承基础上推出的创新之作。
我们要像19世纪末20世纪初的艺术先贤那样,既继承传统,又结合自己的思路理念、有自己的表演风格。
这是什么?这就是流派。
“求木之长者,必固其根本;欲流之远者,必浚其泉源。
”(魏征《谏太宗十思疏》)坚守流派是创新流派的基础,也是走向未来的根基。
社会环境不同,文化氛围不同,观众的文化水平和欣赏诉求也发生了很大的变化,即便是同样的流派、同样的美,面对的也是不同代际的观众。
最要不得的就是用“唯一?"“ 固定”“样板”的模式把后来者困守其中。
2020浦东新区二模作文讲评
想成为任何人,但不能忘了自己。(重申观点)
廓然自立(一类上)
著名剧作家赖声川曾言:“人就是要打开自己。”在信息技术啸聚挥帜
的时代,我们轻而易举地便能看到他人的生活,了解他人,并给予自己立 人一些启迪与借鉴。因此,年轻的我们乐此不疲地“打开自己”,重塑自 我,循环往复,永不停歇。(提出“借鉴他人,重塑自我”的论点,把 “任何人”和“自己”两者巧妙结合。)
诚然,总有经典大家的身体力行使我们仿佛顿悟,并汲汲“吸取”;总
有世俗标准的强大影响,令我们不得已去套用,调整自身。但在这个不断 成为任何人的过程中,我们失去甚至忘却自我的存在,也失去了廓然自立 的能力。(在肯定他人的积极影响的基础上,指出如今不乏自我意识丧失, 自立能力丢失之现状。)
就其造成的影响来看,我认为年轻人怀有一份对世界的好奇探索与热爱,不仅是天性,更是 上天赐予的独特礼物,无限的想象便意味着无限的可能,如此一来我们便难以被现实阻挡,在 探索的过程中不断修炼,找到属于自己的路。(分析年轻人想成为任何人的意义——“探索的 过程中不断修炼,找到属于自己的路”。)
然而,这绝不是说一味的想成为任何人而遗忘现实中的自己便是一条通往成功的捷径。相反, 这正有可能是一条作茧自缚,甚至走向毁灭的不归路。所有人都生活在现实世界中,纵使想象 的世界再美好,失去了所需的实践和能力,这样的想象终究是空洞而没有任何增益的。人们在 自我世界中沉溺,在现实的世界中萎缩,此时此刻,再去宣扬自己强大的想象力,岂不幼稚甚 至可笑?(承接上文分析成为任何人的意义,笔锋一转,分析成为任何人可能存在的危害。)
2020年上海市杨浦区教育学院附属学校高三英语二模试题及答案解析
2020年上海市杨浦区教育学院附属学校高三英语二模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASan Francisco Bay Area is a great place if you're a sports fan as you'll find several events all year round and plenty of team pride. If you are anywhere close to the area during a game,these fantastic sports events are here for you.San Francisco Giants BaseballThe San Francisco Giants baseball team plays in SF at Oracle Park. This is a fun ballpark because it's always packed with great energy and offers views of the bay. It's one of the most popular San Francisco sports events. The Giants are part of the National League West Division. Since their arrival here in 1958,they have been World Series Champions three times.Golden State Warriors BasketballThe fan base of the Golden State Warriors distributes the whole San Francisco Bay Area as this region's only NBA team.Their regular season runs from late October through mid-April, and all home games are played at the Chase Center in San Francisco.In total, the Warriors has won six NBA championships.San Francisco 49ers FootballThe 49ers are San Francisco's NFL team, though they have recently moved to Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara, about an hour south of SF. The football team was named for the prospectors (探矿者) who arrived in the area in 1849 for the Gold Rush. They’ve won 5 Super Bowl championships, all between 1981 and 1994.San Jose Sharks HockeyThe San Jose Sharks represent the Bay Area in hockey (冰球).They were founded in 1991 as the only Bay Area team to compete in the NHL. Sharks fans love going to these San Francisco sports events at the SAP Center,which they call the Shark Tank,located about an hour southeast of SF.1.Where can a sports fan have a good view of the area?A.The Oracle Park.B.The Chase Center.C.Levi's Stadium.D.The SAP Center2.Which team has claimed the most titles according to the text?A.The Giants.B.The Golden State Warriors.C.The 49ers.D.The San Jose Sharks.3.Where is the passage probably taken from?A.A book review.B.A news report.C.A science fiction.D.A tourist magazine.BAsk a classroom of children to draw a scientist, and you’ll see plenty of color1 ed lab coats and glasses. The image (画像) hasn't changed much since the 1960s, but the person wearing the lab coat is changing.A new analysis finds that more female scientists have appeared in kids? drawings in recent decades — going from nearly nonexistent in the 1960s to about a third in 2016.The first of many “ draw-a-scientist ’’ studies asked nearly 5,000 children to draw a scientist between 1966 and 1977. Of those 5,000 drawings, only 28 drew female scientists. That was just 0.56 percent. Today, female scientists are being presented more in the media. For example, in a content analysis, 13 percent of people pictured in science feature stories of the 1960s were women or girls, compared with 44 percent in the 2000s. “That might really affect children’s idea on what a scientist should be like, ” says Miller, a Ph. D. candidate in psychology.To look for changes in children'sperceptionover time, the researchers conducted a meta-analysis ,combining data from 78 studies that included a total of more than 20,000 children from kindergarten to the 12th grade.On average, 28 percent of children drew female scientists in studies conducted from 1965 to 2016.What hasn’t changed much: kids pick up stereotypes (模式化观念)by gender (性别)as they grow up. At age 6, about 70 percent of the girls in the more recent studiesdrew female scientists. By age 16, 75 percent drew male scientists. This is an important period in which kids are learning stereotypes. It’s important that teachers and parents present diverse examples of both male and female scientists.4. What’s the picture of scientists drawn by a 1960s, kid like?A. A man with long curly hair.B. A woman with lab glasses.C. A woman in a formal lab suit.D. A man in a color1 ed lab coat.5. What may contribute to the changes in kids’ drawings?A. The improvement of women^ social status.B. The kids are affected by teachers and parents.C. More female scientists appear in the media.D. The increasing number of female scientists.6. What does the underlined word “ perception” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?A. Belief.B. Idea.C. Habit.D. Growth.7. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .A. it's a stereotype that scientists are generally malesB. girls are more influenced by stereotypes than boysC. some children are born with certain stereotypesD. most children tend to prefer female scientistsCThe far side of the moonis a strange and wild region, quite different from the familiar and mostly smooth face we see nightly from our planet. Soon this rough space will have even stranger features: it will be crowded with radio telescopes.Astronomers are planning to make the moon's distant side our newest and best window on the cosmic(宇宙的) dark ages, a mysterious era hiding early marks of stars and galaxies. Our universe was not always filled with stars. About 380,000 years after the big bang, the universe cooled, and the first atoms of hydrogen formed. Gigantic hydrogen clouds soon filled the universe. But for a few hundred million years, everything remained dark, without stars. Then came the cosmic dawn: the first stars flickered, galaxies came into existence and slowly the universe's largescale structure took shape.The seeds of this structure must have been present in the darkage hydrogen clouds, but the era has been impossible toprobeusing optical(光学的) telescopes—there was no light. And although this hydrogen produced longwavelength(or lowfrequency) radio emissions,radio telescopes on Earth have found it nearly impossible to detect them. Our atmosphere either blocks or disturbs these faint signals; those that get through are drowned out by humanity's radio noise.Scientists have dreamed for decades of studying the cosmic dark ages from the moon's far side. Now multiple space agencies plan lunar missions carrying radiowavedetecting instruments—some within the next three years—and astronomers' dreams are set to become reality.“If I were to design an ideal place to do lowfrequency radio astronomy, I would have to build the moon,”says astrophysicist Jack Burns of the University of Colorado Boulder. “We are just now finally getting to the place where we're actually going to be putting these telescopes down on the moon in the next few years.”8. What's the purpose of building radio telescopes on the moon?A To research the big bang. B. To discover unknown stars.C. To study the cosmic dark ages.D. To observe the far side of the moon.9. What does the underlined word “probe” in Paragraph 3 possibly mean?A. Explore.B. Evaluate.C. Produce.D. Predict.10. Hydrogen radio emissions can't be detected on Earth because ________.A. there was no light in the dark agesB. they cannot possibly get through our atmosphereC. gigantic hydrogen clouds no longer fill the universeD. radio signals on Earth cause too much interference11. What can we infer from theunderlined sentence in the last paragraph?A. Scientists have to rebuild the moon.B. We will finally get to the moon's distant side.C. The moon is a perfect place to set up radio telescopes.D. A favorable research environment will be found on the moon.DBecause of COVID-19, in many places, large gatherings of people aren’t allowed. In some areas, the rules are more strict, and people aren't allowed to leave their homes unless going out is ly necessary.These steps are very important for slowing the disease down. By doing this, governments can make sure doctors and hospitals are better able to deal with all the sick people, and that fewer people suffer in all. Usually, it's called “flattening the curve”.But if no one can go out, that means businesses which depend on visitors struggle. Many singers, bands, and other musicians would normally be giving concerts now. Instead, they have to find new ways to share their music and connect with their audiences. The Metropolitan Opera in New York has canceled(取消) its season, but it is showing a special live stream of a different opera each day on its website. Other opera companies have made similar moves. Several theater companies are either offering recorded versions of their plays online or posting videos of their actors performing.Nick Green wrote a musical play that was canceled because of the virus. He set up a website with links that allow people to enjoy the work of artists around the world who have had their projects canceled. He called his project the Social Distancing Festival. He sad it was a time when he should be doing something new, rather than feeling disappointed.Even TV shows have to find new ways to film their shows. Some late night TV shows have continued, but without audiences. Others are showing reruns.While their shows are on pause, some TV stars like Conan O’Brien and Jimmy Fallon have been filming short videos at home. Mr. O’ Brien plans to bring his show back on the air soon by filming with his own phone and talking with guests over the Internet.12. What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Keeping patients staying at home anytime.B. Speed up the spread of disease.C. Stopping people from often gathering up.D. Slowing down the spread of the disease.13. What are opera companies’ new ways?A. Stopping sharing music with audience.B. Providing live stream services.C. Trying to attract live audiences.D. Sharing their operas with each other14. What did the cancellation of Nick Green's play bring him?A. Disappointment.B. Annoyance .C. Creativity.D. Anxiety.15. What is the text mainly about?A. People staying at home .B. The absence of audiences.C. The efforts of Nick Green .D. Entertainment going online .第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020杨浦区二模作文讲评
在神思中成人(67分)
人类进化走过了漫漫征途,“到林子里找仙女”的智人逐渐取代以林中野兔为 食求生的尼安德特人。看似虚恍飘飞的玄想者竟在残酷的物竞天择中成为人类最 终的形象,
或许人之成人,正在神思之中。
智人并非不为衣食所困,他对林中仙女的神思却是灭绝的尼安德特人所缺失的。 人类通过对未知美好的精神玄想,使之成为一种对未来的希望,又反照入自身演绎 灵魂中的神性,这种延拓物质条件的灵魂成长,正使得人们保留物种自由意志之优 势,在神思中成人。
在人类的进化史“劣汰” 智慧之人,在人类的进化史“优胜”
满足于眼前物质欲望(生存需求)
追求超越物质的东西,比如审美、想 象、探索、精神信仰……(生活需求、精神需求)
片段示例
若深究这初看莫名其妙的两句话,“抓兔子”代表着对推系生 命的食物的关注,而“找仙女”则是超脱生存本身的达于精神层 面的烂漫想象与形上思考,通往的是生活与发展。智人并非不 “抓兔子”—采集与捕猎是农耕文明诞生前智人延续其种群的 主要手段,然而在抓完兔子的闲暇,我们披着兽皮的先辈坐在葱郁 树林间仰望蔚蓝苍穹,心中便油然涌现对仙女的揣测与向往。尼 安德特人日复一日代复一代地捕猎、生存、繁衍再消亡,而智人 却在天马行空的烂漫想象中于经济基础上构建起上层建筑。宗 教、图腾、歌舞、诗文应运而生,又反而哺育和启发智人的智,推 动其由野蛮迈向文明,经受住自然的淘沥而始终享有这美丽星球 的草木山水,构筑起辉煌盛大的文明。
重点问题
“智人”追求超越物质的东西有着怎样的价值与意 义?
开启心智,创造性思维的培养; 懂得敬畏自然,与自然和谐共处; 对美的追求,让人类在苦难的进化中诗意栖居; 促使人走出独立的利己性,最终形成集体的共识、
信仰; 促使人类打破现有的束缚,探索外界文明,促进
上海市杨浦区2020年高中语文高考二模试题(逐题详解版)
杨浦区2019~2020学年第二学期高三年级质量调研语文试卷(时间150分钟,满分150分)2020.5一、积累应用(10分)(1)新冠肺炎疫情发生后,同学们在家积极参与线上学习,对联社的同学引名联以共勉,其中最恰当的一联是()。
(2分)...A.虽有此不乐,既来之则安。
B.厚性情,薄嗜欲;直心思,曲文章。
C.天下奇观看尽,不如书卷好;世间滋味尝来,无过菜根香。
D.门前莫约频来客,座上同观未见书。
(2)将下列编号的语句依次填入语段空白处,语意连贯的一项是()。
(3分)进化人类学家认为,因为我们从过去几代人那里继承了在这个世界立足的行动指南,所以我们被包裹在文化里。
人类进化的目的,,,。
不过,环境既包含文化层面,也包含物理层面。
文化的快速变化正在对人类的进化过程产生巨大影响。
①是将其应用于生活环境相同情景中②不是通过个人努力独自解决问题③是让一代又一代的人共同积累知识④不是通过集体合作快速解决问题A.②④③①B.②③①④C.③②①④D.③①④②二、阅读(70分)(一)阅读下文,完成第3—7题。
(16分)变通的艺术余光中①“东是东,西是西,东西永古不相期!”诗人吉卜林早就说过。
但做翻译工作的人,不相信东方和西方不能在翻译里相遇。
调侃翻译的妙语很多。
有人说:“翻译即叛逆。
”有人说:“翻译是出卖原诗。
”有人说:“翻译文字忠者不美,美者不忠。
”②我则认为,翻译如婚姻,是一种两相妥协的艺术。
至于妥协到什么程度,以及哪一方应该多让一步,神而明之,变通之道,就要看每一位译者自己的修养了。
③翻译既然是移花接木的事情,翻译家在读者心目中的地位,自然难与作家相提并论。
....主要的原因,是译者笼罩在原作者的阴影之中,译好了,光荣归于原作,译坏了,罪在译者。
除了有能力也有时间去参照原文逐一研读的少数专家之外,一般读者是无由欣赏的。
④因此,翻译界一直有一个久持不下的争端。
一派译者认为译文应该像创作一样自然,另一派译者则相反,认为既然是翻译,就应该像翻译。
杨浦二模作文解析
杨浦二模作文解析最近啊,这杨浦二模作文可真是引起了不小的轰动!咱今天就来好好解析解析。
就拿这次的作文题目来说,那可真是够让人琢磨的。
比如说,有个题目是“那一刻,我突然长大”。
嘿,您瞧瞧,这看似简单的几个字,里面的门道可多了去了。
我就想起我自己的经历,有那么一回,可真是让我深深体会到了啥叫“突然长大”。
那是一个再平常不过的周末,阳光透过窗户懒洋洋地洒在地板上。
我呢,正窝在沙发里,一边吃着薯片,一边津津有味地看着电视,那叫一个惬意。
妈妈在厨房里忙活着,锅碗瓢盆的声音交织在一起,形成了一首独特的“厨房交响曲”。
突然,妈妈喊了我一声:“宝贝,来帮妈妈个忙!”我极不情愿地放下手中的薯片,拖沓着脚步走进厨房。
只见妈妈正弯着腰,费力地清洗着水槽里堆积如山的碗碟,额头上布满了细密的汗珠。
她抬头看了我一眼,说:“能帮妈妈把这些洗好的碗碟擦干放好吗?”我心里一阵嘀咕:“我正看电视看得起劲呢,真麻烦!”但嘴上还是应了一声。
我拿起一块抹布,随意地擦了几下碗碟,就想赶紧完事。
妈妈在一旁看着,忍不住说:“孩子,做事要认真,你看这碗边上还有水呢。
”我不耐烦地说:“差不多就行了呗!”妈妈没再说话,只是默默地接过我手中的碗碟,重新仔细地擦了起来。
就在那一刻,我突然注意到妈妈那双原本纤细修长的手,如今变得粗糙,上面还布满了细小的划痕和老茧。
她的头发里也不知何时夹杂了几根银丝,在阳光下格外刺眼。
我的心猛地一揪,仿佛被什么东西狠狠地撞了一下。
这些年,妈妈为了这个家,为了我,不停地操劳着。
她每天早早起床准备早餐,送我上学后又匆忙去上班,下班后还要买菜做饭、打扫卫生,照顾一家人的生活起居。
而我呢,却总是心安理得地享受着这一切,甚至还经常对她发脾气,抱怨她管得太多。
想到这儿,我的鼻子一酸,眼睛也湿润了。
我默默地从妈妈手中接过碗碟,认真地擦了起来。
妈妈惊讶地看着我,眼中闪过一丝欣慰。
从那以后,我好像突然就长大了。
我不再像以前那样任性、懒惰,而是主动帮妈妈分担家务,关心她的身体和心情。
2020高三二模杨浦作文题解析及范文(一本好书……)
2020/12/17
二.这一现象产生的主要原因
1.快节奏、高强度的现代生活导致人们没有足够的时间、精力去发掘他 们拥有的外物的真正意义—源于自身的懒惰 2.附庸风雅,个人的虚荣心在作祟。 3.功利化、物质至上、娱乐至死…—源于社会环境的浮躁 4.物资丰盈的社会,网络时代,能轻而易举地占有外物。
(分析这一现象的危害) ⑤应认清“占有”是丰富心灵的手段之一而非目的。应当留存 于心,应当“用心”占有。 (总说,明确我们的做法)
2020/12/17
⑥释家云:“过我眼,即我有。”本无需将万事万物收入囊中,只 需收进心中。佛家修为之至境便是放下“我执”。有些事物各美其美, 本不必占有。史铁生曾谈到,他感谢人生中路过的一切,“他们经由 我,融入我,塑造我而成为我。”人生历经万千事物,将他们融入心 中,成为自己,便是一场最珍贵邂逅。有些事物,珍贵美好本不能被 占有。最美好的事物往往不属于任何一个人。如清风明月,照拂大地 各处,丰富着历朝历代人们的心灵却不能被占有,不属于任何一个人 私有。但依旧听闻“日月之行,若出其中”,曹孟德于日月大海间明 了志向;“举杯邀明月,对影成三人”,李太白明月下独酌时聊以自 慰;仍记得“但愿人长久,千里共婵娟”,苏轼于月光中的期望与心 愿……明月照古今,多少人文人墨客其中得到心灵丰富,却未曾有人独 自“占有”过明月。因他们将其收入心中,从未收入囊中。
5.占有欲的满足能给人们带来瞬间的快乐与刺激。 三.这一现象产生的危害
1.于个人:贪求物质,为外物役使,精神匮乏。 2.占有欲使自己忙碌一生,身心俱惫。 3.享受着占有的过程,耽溺于自我安慰的精神狂欢中—如温水煮青蛙般, 在不知不觉中逝去。 4.于社2020会/12/17:物欲横流,人心浮躁,文化风气淡薄。
上海市杨浦区2019-2020学年中考语文二月模拟试卷含解析
上海市杨浦区2019-2020学年中考语文二月模拟试卷一、选择题1.下列句子中,有语病的一项是()A.教育现代化涵盖教育装备现代化、师资队伍现代化、教育管理现代化等诸多内容,这些都离不开互联网技术的支持。
B.一个人在人生的道路上能走多远,自信心往往起着举足轻重的作用,它是一个人成长和成才不可缺少的重要心理要素。
C.嫦娥四号成功发射,不仅实现了人类探测器首次造访月球背面的梦想,而且也实现了我国在月球探测领域由引领到追随的跨越。
D.许多海洋生物的药用价值正在被发现和推广,比如从牡蛎中提取抗癌物质2.下列各组词语中,没有..错别字的一项是()A.追溯烘托不屑置辩金榜提名B.繁衍书籍妄自菲薄静影沉璧C.阴晦憔瘁蔚然成风重岩叠障D.悲怆深隧冥思暇想清荣峻茂3.下列各组词语中加点的字注音或书写有误的一项是()A.虬.枝(qiú) 浮躁浪敛.波平(liăn) 尽如人意B.慰藉.(jiè) 匮乏叱.咤风云(zhà) 稍纵即逝C.猝.然(cù) 巉岩奄.奄一息(yăn) 眼花缭乱D.褶.皱(zhé) 荒谬坦荡如砥.(dĭ) 婷婷玉立4.下列两句话的横线上选择填入恰当的句子。
( ) ,我漫步于参天古木之中,发现一大丛新长的桉树,枝椏上翘,新芽竞长,欣欣向荣。
在学问的海洋中,有无数的蓬莱仙岛,。
A.(1)春夏初交,群峰碧绿(2)其乐融融,涉猎其中B.(1)群峰碧绿,春夏初交(2)涉猎其中,其乐融融C.(1)春夏初交,群峰碧绿(2)涉猎其中,其乐融融D.(1)群峰碧绿,春夏初交(2)其乐融融,涉猎其中5.下列各句中,没有语病、句意明确的一项是()A.“一带一路”这一合作倡议不仅迅速得到国际社会关注,并且业已形成大量的合作机会。
B.通过观看央视播放的《记住乡愁》节目,使我对中国乡村及民俗文化有了更多的了解。
C.本月首飞的C919大飞机是我国按照适航审定要求和主流市场标准自主研发的首款干线客机。
上海市杨浦区2020-2022年中考英语二模试题分类汇编:话题作文(含解析)
上海市杨浦区2020-2022年中考英语二模试题分类汇编话题作文2022年上海市杨浦区中考二模英语试题X. Writing(作文)(共20分)64. Write at least 60 words on the given situation(根据以下情境写不少于60个词的论坛帖子及回复等,标点符号不占格。
)阅读D篇的论坛帖子中谈到了生活中发生的一些尴尬事件。
假设你是Sandy,请在论坛中发帖,讲一个发生在自己身上的尴尬事件,并设想你的朋友Jill会如何与你互动,写下你们之间的一问一答。
注意:1.文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名等个人信息,否则不予评分。
2.照抄阅读语篇不得分。
Sandy 25 October 9.00 p.m._______________________________________________________________________________ __________________Jill 25 October 9.05 p.m._______________________________________________________________________________ __________________Sandy 25 October 9.08 p.m._______________________________________________________________________________ __________________2021年上海市杨浦区中考二模英语试题X. Writing(作文)(共20分)VII. Writing(作文)(共20分)84. Write at least 60 words on the given topic “________ has changed me”. (以“________ 改变了我”为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文,标点符号不占格。
2020年上海杨浦区初三二模语文试卷(答案+解析)
2020年上海杨浦区初三⼆模语⽂试卷(答案+解析)2020年上海杨浦区初三⼆模语⽂试卷(满分150分考试时间100分钟)[考⽣注意:本卷共有26题。
请将所有答案写在答卷上,写在试卷上不计分]⼀、⽂⾔⽂阅读(共40分)(⼀)默写(16分)1.忆昔午桥桥上饮,。
(《临江仙》)2.马作的卢飞快,。
(《破阵⼦》)3. ,⽉是故乡明。
(《⽉夜忆舍弟》)4. ,甚恐。
(《黔之驴》)5.我们常常⽤《爱莲说》中“,”来形容君⼦⾏为⽅正,通达事理,不攀附权贵。
【答案】1.坐中多是豪英2.⼸如霹雳弦惊3.露从今夜⽩4.以为且噬⼰也5.中通外直,不蔓不枝【解析】默写前4题都是古诗词中的,只有第5题出⾃⽂⾔⽂《爱莲说》,整体难度较低。
不过,需要注意的是《爱莲说》理解性默写的难度⽐较⼤,通过“君⼦⾏为⽅正,不攀附权贵”可知是“中通外直,不蔓不枝”。
注意“霹雳”、“噬”、“蔓”的正确书写。
(⼆)阅读下列古诗⽂,完成6—9题(12分)【甲】过零丁洋⾟苦遭逢起⼀经,⼲⼽寥落四周星。
⼭河破碎风飘絮,⾝世浮沉⾬打萍。
惶恐滩头说惶恐,零丁洋⾥叹零丁。
⼈⽣⾃古谁⽆死?留取丹⼼照汗青。
【⼄】岳阳楼记(节选)嗟夫!予尝求古仁⼈之⼼,或异⼆者之为,何哉?不以物喜,不以⼰悲;居庙堂之⾼则忧其民;处江湖之远则忧其君。
是进亦忧,退亦忧。
然则何时⽽乐耶?其必⽈“先天下之忧⽽忧,后天下之乐⽽乐”欤。
噫!微斯⼈,吾谁与归?6.下列说法正确的⼀项是()。
(2分)A.甲⼄两诗⽂作者为同时代的宋朝⼈。
B.甲⼄两诗⽂作者均拥有⼼系天下的⾚胆忠⼼。
C甲⼄两诗⽂作者均有过被贬谪的痛苦经历。
D.甲⼄两诗⽂作者均有⼤义凛然的英雄⽓概。
7.⽤现代汉语翻译下⾯的句⼦。
(3分)予尝求古仁⼈之⼼,或异⼆者之为8.下⾯选项不恰当的⼀项是()。
(3分)A.甲诗叙写了作者过零丁洋时的所见所感,充分展现了诗⼈的浩然正⽓和深挚的爱国热情。
B.甲诗作为⼀⾸七⾔律诗,能巧妙借景抒情,情境交融,抒发的情感慷慨悲凉,真挚深沉。
2023年上海市浦东新区高考语文二模写作话题解读与参考范文2篇::如何看待“有所缺才会有所需”
2023年上海年上海浦东二模作文写作指导:如何看待“有所缺才会有所需”【2023年上海浦东二模】在飞速发展的现代社会,大多数人认为有所缺才会有所需,也有人认为不尽如此。
你怎么看?请写一篇文章,谈谈你的思考。
要求:(1)自拟题目;(2)不少于800字写作讲评浦东这篇文章,说实话出的还是很好的,文章主要围绕着“有所缺才会有所需”的概念进行描述,而“缺”这个状态本身,其实是一个非常值得我们去探讨的话题。
关于这篇文章,其实界定一个叫做“缺”的概念,就足够对于文章进行一个相对比较好的文章论证——首先,什么才是缺?对于缺这个概念,在我看来应该可以做两种解释。
1 缺的本身,是一种结果性质的描述。
就比如说一个人感觉到缺水了,就会口渴,然后去喝水,那么在这个意义上来说,缺是一种客观的状态。
而这种客观的“不够”状态本身,能够让我们找到我们需要什么,从而让我们对于自我来说做到一种精进。
那么这种结果性质的状态描述,确实能够让我们对于客观世界找到我们要的东西。
2 缺的本质,是一种客观稀缺的感知。
简单来说,如果一个人处于一种“过剩”状态下,我们不会对于客观事物产生价值认知,也不会珍惜一件事物。
而只有感觉到自己“缺”,才会让自己产生需求。
比如很多野生动物,我们会透支性质的捕猎,但是只有野兽具有“稀缺”状态,我们才会想要需要。
在这个意义上来说,感知上的稀缺,是一种客观的,让我们获得意义感知的描述。
那么这样的描绘,明显也是一个不错的内容路径。
当然这篇文章也有别的内容的写法,总的来说,我们既然作为攻略,那就按照这样的逻辑进行构建。
那么有这个逻辑之后,我们进一步对于文章进行深化——我们这里就用第一种对于缺的解释去说,因为这个解释相对来说更加符合破题的直觉——有所缺就会有所需,但是我们的“所需”的动力源泉,不应该仅仅是在于“不缺”,因为补缺。
比如我们不能仅仅因为自己缺少什么而产生追求,这个“才”的概念本身有些偏颇,而很多时候,我们之所以有“求”,是因为我们具有创造性的渴望,我们渴望创造,我们也渴望自己的价值能够兑现,我们需求的更多的是一些成就价值。
2020高三二模各区优秀作文汇编(下)杨浦、崇明、宝山、长宁、闵行、静安
2020高三二模各区优秀作文汇编(下)(杨浦、崇明、宝山、长宁、闵行、静安----11篇优秀作文)1. 杨浦:人类有一支已经灭绝的表亲,叫尼安德特人,他们和我们“智人”这一支有什么区别呢?比如尼安德特人会说:“走!到林子里去抓兔子吃”,而智人会说:“走!到林子里去找仙女。
”你对这段话有怎样的认识?请写一篇文章,谈谈你的思考。
要求:(1)自选角度,自拟题目;(2)不少于800字1.追求自己的仙女(65分)①尼安德特人和我们“智人”的区别在于尼安德特人会说:“到林子里去抓兔子吃”,而智人会说:“到林子里去找仙女”。
(引材料)②可见,尼安德特人对生活的满足感更多源自对简单生活的需求,如食欲等;而智人则更偏向于精神、审美等高层次需求,而不局限于简单物质需求。
进一步说,智人更渴望去寻找未被发现、掌握的事物,而非简单易得的兔子。
(简析材料)③在我看来,我们理应抛开舒适圈,去寻求未知天地的仙女,并由此以真知建构自己的精神家园。
而非满足于唾手可得的物质享受兔子,以致最终落得和尼安德特人一样灭绝的下场。
(明确中心论点)④寻找未知,满足自我更高层次需求正是我们个体寻找自我的过程。
马斯洛将幸福区别于浅薄的享乐主义,他认为痛苦同样是寻得幸福的途径和方式。
纵使智人在寻找仙女的途中倍受磨砺,但在此过程中他们得以实现自我认知,寻求高标准的幸福。
而一味享乐的最后便如同那尼安德特人一样,等待的是灭绝。
著名存在主义哲学家克尔凯郭尔说:“存在是选择成为自己的可能性。
”在寻求未知、满足自己高层次需求的过程,正是我们对荒谬单调的现实进行反抗,实现自我生命潜能的必经之途,如此便正如加缪所言在认清世界荒谬的本质后,我们才有可能为自己写一本真正的“幸福手册”。
(阐明寻找未知,满足自我更高层次需求是寻找自我的过程)⑤再说,正是由于对未知世界和高层次需求的不断追求,才有可能推动“智人”的人类社会实现进一步发展。
倘若一味满足于当下生活现状,不懂得主动探求新事物,便会像尼安德特人一样,走向灭绝的深渊。
2020高三二模各区优秀作文汇编(下)杨浦、崇明、宝山、长宁、闵行、静安
2020高三二模各区优秀作文汇编(下)(杨浦、崇明、宝山、长宁、闵行、静安----11篇优秀作文)1. 杨浦:人类有一支已经灭绝的表亲,叫尼安德特人,他们和我们“智人”这一支有什么区别呢?比如尼安德特人会说:“走!到林子里去抓兔子吃”,而智人会说:“走!到林子里去找仙女。
”你对这段话有怎样的认识?请写一篇文章,谈谈你的思考。
要求:(1)自选角度,自拟题目;(2)不少于800字1.追求自己的仙女(65分)①尼安德特人和我们“智人”的区别在于尼安德特人会说:“到林子里去抓兔子吃”,而智人会说:“到林子里去找仙女”。
(引材料)②可见,尼安德特人对生活的满足感更多源自对简单生活的需求,如食欲等;而智人则更偏向于精神、审美等高层次需求,而不局限于简单物质需求。
进一步说,智人更渴望去寻找未被发现、掌握的事物,而非简单易得的兔子。
(简析材料)③在我看来,我们理应抛开舒适圈,去寻求未知天地的仙女,并由此以真知建构自己的精神家园。
而非满足于唾手可得的物质享受兔子,以致最终落得和尼安德特人一样灭绝的下场。
(明确中心论点)④寻找未知,满足自我更高层次需求正是我们个体寻找自我的过程。
马斯洛将幸福区别于浅薄的享乐主义,他认为痛苦同样是寻得幸福的途径和方式。
纵使智人在寻找仙女的途中倍受磨砺,但在此过程中他们得以实现自我认知,寻求高标准的幸福。
而一味享乐的最后便如同那尼安德特人一样,等待的是灭绝。
著名存在主义哲学家克尔凯郭尔说:“存在是选择成为自己的可能性。
”在寻求未知、满足自己高层次需求的过程,正是我们对荒谬单调的现实进行反抗,实现自我生命潜能的必经之途,如此便正如加缪所言在认清世界荒谬的本质后,我们才有可能为自己写一本真正的“幸福手册”。
(阐明寻找未知,满足自我更高层次需求是寻找自我的过程)⑤再说,正是由于对未知世界和高层次需求的不断追求,才有可能推动“智人”的人类社会实现进一步发展。
倘若一味满足于当下生活现状,不懂得主动探求新事物,便会像尼安德特人一样,走向灭绝的深渊。
杨浦最新二模语文作文题目及答案
杨浦最新二模语文作文题目及答案全文共8篇示例,供读者参考篇1【杨浦最新二模语文作文题目及答案】大家好啊!我是一个小小年纪的六年级学生。
前几天我们全班都参加了杨浦区的二模考试。
说实话,语文作文题让我挺头疼的。
不过考完后,我就马上开始思考这个题目,也想出了自己的答案。
我把题目和自己的作文答案记录下来,分享给大家。
希望对你们有帮助!作文题目是:树欲静而风不止,子欲养而亲不在。
这话说得好有哲理!请联系实际,以"梦想"为话题写一篇文章。
看到这个题目的时候,我脑海里冒出无数个问号?这话从何而来?又有什么深意呢?好在我们老师之前给过我们一些名言背景知识。
我恍然大悟,这句话出自《诗经·小雅·斯干》。
意思是说树木是想安静地生长,但风总在不停地吹动;孩子是想努力成长,但父母已不在身边。
虽然有外界干扰,但自己仍要坚持梦想而努力。
这个题目启发了我,就写一写自己对梦想的感受吧。
我先想了一个框架:开头部分写梦想的重要性;主体部分具体描述一下自己的梦想;结尾部分谈谈需要付出什么努力去实现梦想。
有了这个大致思路,就可以慢慢去填充内容了。
我的作文是这样写的:梦想伴我成长每个人都有自己的梦想,梦想就像人生的指路明灯,给我们前进的动力和方向。
只要我们朝着梦想努力,哪怕道路曲折也能慢慢接近理想的彼岸。
我的梦想是当一名拳王。
从小我就迷上了拳击运动,每当看到那些拳王英勇战斗、最终夺冠的场景,我就无比向往能有一天也像他们那样伟大。
拳击并不是一蹴而就的,需要多年的刻苦训练。
所以从五年级开始,我就开始认真学习拳击。
虽然一开始总是被师兄们"虐"得体无完肤,但我从没想过放弃。
在老师的指导和家人的鼓励下,我很快就掌握了一些基本功夫。
只要我们朝着梦想努力奋斗,终会有收获的一天。
从去年开始,我就开始参加一些小型拳击比赛,虽然一路走来也吃了不少亏,但每次失败都会让我更加清晰地认识到自己的不足,继而在今后的训练中加倍努力。
2023届上海杨浦区高三二模作文导写及范文展示
2023届上海杨浦区高三二模作文导写及范文展示文题退出朋友圈,卸载社交视频软件、新闻推送软件、智能搜索引擎……这使人们离这个世界更远了还是更近了?你对这一问题有怎样的思考?请写一篇文章,谈谈你的认识。
要求:(1)自选角度,自拟题目;(2)不少于800字。
写作指津1.入题太慢写作材料给的是【退出朋友圈,卸载社交视频软件、新闻推送软件、智能搜索引擎……】,也就是人们面对困境,已经给了具体方法即【退出】和【卸载】。
在做原因分析的时候,落笔的起点从【退出】和【卸载】入手较好,不要在无关紧要的事情上缠绕。
2.原因给定不同于以往写作,杨浦二模作文最大的不同在于它给定了原因,即【远】和【近】,选择【退出朋友圈,卸载社交视频软件、新闻推送软件、智能搜索引擎……】可能是忍受不了与这个世界相隔太【远】或太【近】,而很多同学只关注到材料的前半部分,即认为【朋友圈、社交视频软件、新闻推送软件、智能搜索引擎……】是虚拟世界,【退出】和【卸载】是回归真实世界,悄然把材料中给定的原因由【远/近】偷换成了【真/假】,由此得出【退出朋友圈,卸载社交视频软件、新闻推送软件、智能搜索引擎……】是因为虚假信息泛滥或是信息茧房的封闭。
那么虚假信息泛滥或是信息茧房封闭能不能写呢?能,但是不能止步于此,必须搭建起【远】和【近】的关联,比如虚假信息的泛滥,让我们疲于甄别,忙于应付,在众声喧哗中关闭了心门,与世界的关系变远了。
3.【远】和【近】的概念界定顾城有一首非常著名的现代诗《远和近》,“你,一会看我,一会看云。
我觉得,你看我时很远,你看云时很近。
”短短的六句,对“远”、“近”客观存在的物理距离与情感作用下产生的心理距离进行了清晰展现。
【远】和【近】彼此相对,是共生关系,在具体写作中不仅要处处借助对比加以说明,还要让隐含标准浮出水面,即【情感】。
什么意思呢?既可以是“无穷的远方,无数的人们,都和我有关。
”(鲁迅语),远即是近;又可以是“结庐在人境,而无车马喧。
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满足于眼前物质欲望(生存需求)
追求超越物质的东西求、精神需求)
片段示例
若深究这初看莫名其妙的两句话,“抓兔子”代表着对推系生 命的食物的关注,而“找仙女”则是超脱生存本身的达于精神层 面的烂漫想象与形上思考,通往的是生活与发展。智人并非不 “抓兔子”—采集与捕猎是农耕文明诞生前智人延续其种群的 主要手段,然而在抓完兔子的闲暇,我们披着兽皮的先辈坐在葱郁 树林间仰望蔚蓝苍穹,心中便油然涌现对仙女的揣测与向往。尼 安德特人日复一日代复一代地捕猎、生存、繁衍再消亡,而智人 却在天马行空的烂漫想象中于经济基础上构建起上层建筑。宗 教、图腾、歌舞、诗文应运而生,又反而哺育和启发智人的智,推 动其由野蛮迈向文明,经受住自然的淘沥而始终享有这美丽星球 的草木山水,构筑起辉煌盛大的文明。
又一道澄明的人类进化之心迹。
因此,我们在“神思”中获得“人的自觉”。“人之异于禽兽者几希”, 孟子的慨叹或许正是尼安德特人只关注捕猎的兽性而灭亡的最佳注脚。从对生 活娱乐、游戏性质的童话之思到对蚍蜉之生延展,提升性质的神话之往,一路上 溯,人类的物种特性终于浮出水面。我们从对仙女的寻过程中得到“神谕”:要 发挥人的自由意志,在对行为自主担当之中,不断修正违背正义的劣性,以主人 的身份到达物种近神的完满。
进一步说,“神思”赋予人之成人的不息生命张力。敦飞天中浸透了瑰丽的
想象,那是作者对生命无限可能的揣想:远古壁画上刻着赤红如血的野兽纹样,粗
犷与狰狞中,跳动着古人对伟力与热情的向往脉搏。这种对“生存之外”的神思
飞动,赋予了万物灵长对高远神象的追求,催化着人们探索有涯之生中无涯的智识
和心神。正是在这种玄想之源头活水的流注之下,生命之泉不断上涌,淌出了一道
到林子里去找仙女! ——2020杨浦区二模作文讲评
作文题
人类有一支已经灭绝的表亲,叫尼安德特 人,他们和我们“智人”这一支有什么区别呢? 比如尼安德特人会说:“走!到林子里去抓 兔子吃”,而智人会说:“走!到林子里去找 仙女!”
要求:(1)自选角度,自拟题目;(2) 不少于800字。
概念界定
重点问题
“智人”追求超越物质的东西有着怎样的价值与意 义?
开启心智,创造性思维的培养; 懂得敬畏自然,与自然和谐共处; 对美的追求,让人类在苦难的进化中诗意栖居; 促使人走出独立的利己性,最终形成集体的共识、
信仰; 促使人类打破现有的束缚,探索外界文明,促进
文明发展; ……
典型论据
孙悟空的筋斗云,哪咤的风火轮,都是神 奇想象的产物,寄寓了人类渴求飞速行进 的美好愿望。
幻想源自人类的求知本能,展现了人类非 凡的想象力。幻想推动现实,幻想照亮生 命,幻想是快乐的源泉……
典型论据
1866年,人们在海上发现了一只被称为“独角鲸”的大怪物,生物学家 阿龙纳斯应邀参加了捕捉这只“怪物”的行动。历经重重艰险,最后发 现这只怪物原来是一艘构造奇妙、名为“鹦鹉螺号”的潜水船……这是 “科幻小说之父”儒勒·凡尔纳在科幻小说《海底两万里》中所构想的潜 水艇。因风而起浪,几十年后,英国建造的第一艘蓄电池动力潜水艇和 美国建造的第一艘核动力潜水艇问世,值得一提的是,这两艘潜水艇都 被命名为“鹦鹉螺号”。
“抓兔子”与“找仙女”的故事在今天有着怎样的启发意义?
示例:时光历历,今日的人类已步入现代化与信息化。时代物化与 商品化的梦靥却笼罩着每一个人,以螺丝钉的方式麻木而疲惫的劳 作,以求生存,或许便是“抓兔子”在今日的意涵。人与世界、外物、 他人的隔阂铸造成深切的荒诞,存在主义危机成为避无可避的话题, 而我们遥远先祖所抱持的“找仙女”的梦,也便在此时温柔浮现在 我的眼底。今日的“仙女”是什么?是艺术,是人性道德,是个人理 想与独立思想,是具有道德与审美意涵的人类普遍联结起来的形上 之物。梭罗劝诫我们走入自然与荒野避兔贫瘠与孤弱,加缪鼓舞我 们到生活的绝望中去寻找警醒澄明的热爱,这些皆是“找仙女”的 现代性意涵。为了生存,我们必须“抓兔子”;但是为了生活、发展、 个人的完善与群体的幸福,我们必须从遍地“兔子”中抬头看见 “仙女”,从遍地“六便士”中看到“月亮”。
在神思中成人(67分)
人类进化走过了漫漫征途,“到林子里找仙女”的智人逐渐取代以林中野兔为 食求生的尼安德特人。看似虚恍飘飞的玄想者竟在残酷的物竞天择中成为人类最 终的形象,
或许人之成人,正在神思之中。
智人并非不为衣食所困,他对林中仙女的神思却是灭绝的尼安德特人所缺失的。 人类通过对未知美好的精神玄想,使之成为一种对未来的希望,又反照入自身演绎 灵魂中的神性,这种延拓物质条件的灵魂成长,正使得人们保留物种自由意志之优 势,在神思中成人。
反观当下,人类却似在退化。工业文明的铺展与人类物欲的横流结为联盟, 正疯狂叩击着人们超脱物质的精神的神思之美。是以有了新冠疫情中生产假口 罩大发黑心财的败类,有了乘机涨价抗疫物资的不法商家,有了利用这次疫情实 施五花八门的诈骗。
其实,正是“神思”引领人们走出物质稀少的洞穴,开始了栽培驯养,正是 “神思”呼唤人们登上不知几仞的高山,开始了科研实证。看似茫洋无当的智 人,其演进长存之“智”,在于那一分桃源之色,点化出的对物质与精神的双重 自我追寻,晕染开的对个体生命与群体文明的层累自觉拓荒。
“神思”的起源,大抵是人们对或高昂、或低沉的现实之外的斑斓憧憬与清澈 慰藉,智人时常在“得到兔子”后快乐,以至于以飞扬心力大肆徜徉于更多彩的未 知情景中;而他“得不到兔子”之后,大约不像尼安德特人一样手足无措——他 还有对“仙女”的幻想,他能够在物质得不到满足后,找到全新的自留地,以对 “伊人”的溯洄追求,重获生命的价值与意义。
科幻“美梦成真”的故事不仅发生在潜水艇上。凡尔纳笔下的直升机、 留声机、太空旅行,威尔斯笔下的基因改造技术,克拉克笔下的同步通 讯卫星都已成为现实,改变了我们生活的世界。凡尔纳的科幻创作持奉 科学主义信念,这一信念相信科学技术能解决所有问题,激发了科学家 们探索人类共同经验之外的事物的热情。
深入思考