【厦门大学MTI翻译硕士真题】厦门大学2012翻译硕士三科全套真题
厦门大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2014年
厦门大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2014年(总分：150.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、(一)汉译英(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.应收款（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：accounts due2.张伯伦（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Chamberlain3.蜈蚣（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：centipede4.化学需氧量（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：chemical oxygen demand (COD)5.参赞（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：counsellor6.太阳能电池板（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：solar panel7.艾条（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：moxa-cigar8.金边(柬埔寨首都)（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Phnom Penh9.孔子学院（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Confucius Institute10.过山车（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：roller coaster11.市盈率（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：price earnings ratio12.饲料添加剂（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：feed additive13.双开(一种纪律处分)（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：stripped of Party membership and expelled from public office14.以房养老（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：the Housing Endowment15.英国财政大臣（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Chancellor of the Exchequer三、(二)英译汉(总题数：15，分数：15.00)16.limestone（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：石灰岩17.RFID（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification)18.hamstring（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：腿筋19.Bremenhaven（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：不来梅哈芬(德国不来梅港)20.mangrove（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：红树林植物21.rector（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：(圣公会的)教区牧师；堂区主持人22.Halal food（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：清真食品23.conservatory（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：温室，暖房；音乐学院24.credit crunch（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：信用恐慌；信用紧缩25.to read tea leaves（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：预知未来26.meritocracy（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：精英阶层；精英主义27.Armistice Day（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：停战日；休战纪念日28.Galeries lafayette（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：巴黎老佛爷百货商店29.Jockey Club（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：赛马俱乐部；赛马会30.A flash in the pan（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：昙花一现四、语篇·英译汉(总题数：2，分数：60.00)31.The question before us is no longer the nature of the challenge—the question is our capacity to meet it. For while the reality of climate change is not in doubt, I have to be honest, as the world watches us today, I think our ability to take collective action is in doubt right now and it hangs in the balance.I believe we can act boldly, and decisively, in the face of a common threat. That"s why I come here today—not to talk, but to act.Now, as the world"s largest economy and as the world"s second largest emitter, America bears ourresponsibility to address climate change, and we intend to meet that responsibility. That"s why we"ve renewed our leadership within international climate negotiations. That"s why we"ve worked with other nations to phase out fossil fuel subsidies. That"s why we"ve taken bold action at home—by making historic investments in renewable energy; by putting our people to work increasing efficiency in our homes and buildings; and by pursuing comprehensive legislation to transform to a clean energy economy.These mitigation actions are ambitious, and we are taking them not simply to meet global responsibilities. We are convinced that changing the way that we produce and use energy is essential to America"s economic future—that it will create millions of new jobs, power new industries, keep us competitive, and spark new innovation.（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：我们面临的问题不再是这一挑战的性质，而是我们应对这一挑战的能力。
厦门大学2010年MTI翻译硕士英语考研真题(完整版)
厦门大学2010年翻译硕士英语考研真题试卷科目：211翻译硕士英语MTI考研迅速提分材料认真学习可以得到400分搞定一切学校文章来源：/luckymti整理：博文MTI(专业学位)科目代码：211科目名称：翻译硕士英语专业领域：翻译硕士考生须知：答题必须使用黑(蓝)色墨水(圆珠)笔；不得在试题(草稿)纸上作答；凡未按规定作答均不予评阅、判分。
Part I. Grammar and VocabularyA. Proofreading (total of 10 points，1 point for each error corrected)The following paragraphs contain 10 errors．Each indicated line contains ONE error．In each case，only ONE word is involved．You should proofread the paragraph and correct it in the following way：For a wrong word，underline the wrong word and write the correct one inthe blank provided at the end of the line．For a missing word．mark the position of the missing word with a“^”signand write the word you believe to be missing in theblank provided at the end of the line．For an unnecessary word．cross the unnecessary word with a slash“／”and put theword in the blank provided at the end of the line．EXAMPLEWhen^an museum wants a new exhibit，(1) anit never buys things in finished form and bangs (2) neverthem on the wall．When a natural history museum wants an exhibition it must often build it．(3) exhibit Although cosmetic surgery (and non-surgically cosmetic (1)[键入文字]/luckymti博文MTI考研迅速提分材料认真学习可以得到400分博文MTI QQ: 1582633616关于博文MTI考研迅速提分材料的几个问题：1.通用，MTI虽是每个院校自主出题，不过出题内容基本上都是遵循《全国翻译硕士MTI考试大纲》的，所以题目千变万化，不过万变不离其宗。
【免费下载】厦门大学研究生入学考试历年真题及答案
厦门大学研究生入学考试历年真题及答案点击蓝色字体查看原文温馨提示：内容较多，(Ctrl+H)搜索所需内容2015年厦门大学701语言文学基础全套资料本专业课考试科目的全套资料主要包括：1．历年考研真题及详解（即考研拥有的本专业课考试科目的全部考研真题，部分可能由于官方未公布而无法取得，但是我们在不断更新，如有会第一时间补发给学员）；2．本科生、研究生课堂笔记；3．本科生、研究生课堂作业；4．教师授课讲义及课件；5．期中期末考试试题；6．指定教材（参考教材）配套资料（课后习题答案、模拟试题等）。
2015年厦门大学802文学理论与文学评论写作全套资料本专业课考试科目的全套资料主要包括：1．历年考研真题及详解（即考研拥有的本专业课考试科目的全部考研真题，部分可能由于官方未公布而无法取得，但是我们在不断更新，如有会第一时间补发给学员）；2．本科生、研究生课堂笔记；3．本科生、研究生课堂作业；4．教师授课讲义及课件；5．期中期末考试试题；6．指定教材（参考教材）配套资料（课后习题答案、模拟试题等）。
2015年厦门大学861语言学全套资料本专业课考试科目的全套资料主要包括：1．历年考研真题及详解（即考研拥有的本专业课考试科目的全部考研真题，部分可能由于官方未公布而无法取得，但是我们在不断更新，如有会第一时间补发给学员）；2．本科生、研究生课堂笔记；3．本科生、研究生课堂作业；4．教师授课讲义及课件；5．期中期末考试试题；6．指定教材（参考教材）配套资料（课后习题答案、模拟试题等）。
2015年厦门大学313历史学基础全套资料本专业课考试科目的全套资料主要包括：1．历年考研真题及详解（即考研拥有的本专业课考试科目的全部考研真题，部分可能由于官方未公布而无法取得，但是我们在不断更新，如有会第一时间补发给学员）；2．本科生、研究生课堂笔记；3．本科生、研究生课堂作业；4．教师授课讲义及课件；5．期中期末考试试题；6．指定教材（参考教材）配套资料（课后习题答案、模拟试题等）。
厦门大学2012年二外英语
厦门大学2012年二外英语考研真题Part I Reading Comprehension (每小题2分，共40分)Directions: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.We can see how the product life cycle works by looking at the introduction of instant coffee. When it was introduced, most people did not like it as well as “regular” coffer, and it took several years to gain general acceptance (introduction stage). At one point, though, instant coffee grew rapidly in popularity, and many brands were introduced (stage of rapid growth). After a while people became attached to one brand and sales leveled off (stage of maturity). Sales went into a slight decline when freeze-dried coffees were introduced (stage of decline).The importance of the product life cycle to marketers is this: different stages in the product life cycle call for different strategies. The goal is to extend product life so that sales and profits do not decline. One strategy is called market modification. It means that marking managers look for new users and market sections. Did you know, for example, that the backpacks that so many students carry today were originally designed for the military?Market modification also means searching for increased usage among resent customers or going for a different market, such as senior citizens. A marketer may re-position the product to appeal to new market sections.Another product extension strategy is called product modification. It involves changing product quality, features, or style to attract new users or more usage from present users. American auto manufacturers are using quality improvement as one way to recapture world markets. Note, also, how auto manufacturers once changed styles dramatically from year to year to keep demand from falling.1. According to the passage, when people grow fond of one particular brand of a product, its sales will ____.A) decrease gradually B) become unstableC) improve enormously D) remain at the same level2. The first paragraph tells us that a new product is _____.A) usually introduced to satisfy different tastesB) often more expensive than old onesC) often inferior to old ones at firstD) not easily accepted by the public3. Marketers need to know which of the four stages a product is in so as to ____.A) work out marketing policies B) increase its popularityC) promote its production D) speed up its life cycle4. The author mentions the example of “backpacks” (the last sentence, Paragraph 2) to show theimportance of ____.A) increasing usage among studentsB) exploring new market sectionsC) pleasing the young as well as the oldD) serving both military and civil needs5. In order to recover their share of the world market, US auto makers are _____.A) improving product qualityB) modernizing product styleC) re-positioning their product in the marketD) increasing product featuresPassage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Play is the principal business of childhood, and more and more in recent years research has shown the vital importance of play in the development of a human being. From earliest infancy, every child needs adequate opportunity and the right material for play, and the main tools of play are toys. Their main function is to suggest, encourage and assist play. To succeed in this they must be good toys, therefore it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child’s development.In recent years research on infant development has shown the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life. The right play materials for a baby should be things to touch, things to listen to, and things to watch. At no time in his life will a child develop as fast as now; in the first two years each month brings a change in what he can do and what he needs. A baby who is encouraged and stimulated, talked to, and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully. There is no doubt that he right play materials and opportunities are of the utmost importance.The next stage, from three to five years old, is the heyday for toys, and at this stage curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child; bricks and jigsaws and construction toys; are concerned and serious when they play, for to them play is a serious business, and through it they are learning about the world and growing up.By the third stage of play development—from five to seven or eight year—the child is at school. But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school. The right toy at this stage can sometimes lead to the choice of a career.Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same thing to a child. But once reading has been mastered, then books and school become the main source of learning. Toys are still interesting and valuable, but their significance has changed—to a child of nine or ten years, toys and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun.6. From the passage we understand that a child ____.A) tends to be interested in toysB) matures through playing over and overC) cannot mature without toysD) has to be taught how to play7. In the writer’s opinion the right kind of play materials for infants ____.A) stimulate the talentsB) encourage visual awarenessC) develop the touching senseD) assist the aural responses8. Children of three to five years old find play a serious business because they _____.A) are developing their musclesB) are exercising their imaginationC) are acquiring knowledge through playD) are learning how to grow up9. Once a child has learned to read, he usually ______.A) stops playing with toysB) learns less from his toysC) only gets information from booksD) only learns when at school10. It seems that older children and adults consider toys and games should _____.A) be played as a jokeB) be played for amusementC) teach the players learn somethingD) make the players feel funnyPassage ThreeQuestions 11-15 are based on the following passage.The more time scientists spend designing computers the more they marvel at the human brain, Tasks that baffle (难住) the most advanced supercomputer—recognizing a face, reading a handwritten note—are child’s play for the 3-pound organ. Most important, unlike any conventional computer, the brain can learn from its mistakes. Researchers have tried for years to program computers to imitate the brain’s abilities, but without success. Now a growing number of designers believe they have the answer: if a computer is to function more like a person and less like an over-grown calculator it must be built more like a brain, which distributes information across a vast interconnected web of nerve cells, or neurons.Conventional computers function by following a chainlike sequence of detailed instructions. Although very fast, their processors can perform only once task at a time. This approach works best in solving problems that can be broken down into simpler logical pieces. The processors in a neural-network computer, by contrast, form a network much like the nerve cells in the brain. Since these artificial neurons are interconnected, they can share information and perform tasks at the same time. This two-dimensional approach works best at recognizing patterns.Instead of programming a neural-network computer to make decisions, its maker trains it to recognize patterns in any solution to problem by repeatedly feeding examples to the machine.Neural networks come in all shapes and sizes. Until now most existed as software simulations(模拟品) because redesigning computer chips took a lot of time and money. By experimenting with different approaches through software rather than hardware, scientists have been able to avoid costly mistakes.11. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that the most advanced supercomputer _____.A) can recognize a face and read a handwritten noteB) can learn from its mistakesC) weights only 3 poundsD) cannot distribute information across an interconnected web nerve cells12. What is NOT true of a conventional computer?A) It must be programmed before it works.B) It can only solve one problem at a time.C) It is good at solving one problem at a time.D) It is trained to recognize patterns instead of making decisions.13. The main feature of a neural-network computer is that _____.A) its processors act as an interconnected web of neuronsB) it is programmed to make decisionsC) its networks are of all shapes and sizesD) its neurons are artificial14. The expression “this two-dimensio nal approach” in the second paragraph refers to _____.A) the conventional computer and the neural computerB) making decisions and recognizing patternsC) sharing information and performing tasksD) the computer and the human brain15. Scientists use software rather than hardware in their experiments because ______.A) it can avoid redesigning computer chipsB) it can save a lot of time and moneyC) it can avoid making mistakesD) it is more like the human brainPassage FourQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a grater or lesser extent, notions of make superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and indecision makes for equality and this in turn to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept equality more easily than did their parents more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the “battle of the sexes”.If the process goes too far and man’s role is regarded as less important-and that has happened in some cases-we are as badly off as before, only in reverse.It is time to reassess the role of the main in the American family. We are getting a little tired of “Momism”—but we don’t want to exchange it for a “neo-Popism”. What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit—nor the blame. We have almost given up saying that a women’s place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyze man’s place in the home and to insist that the does have a place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems.Excessive authoritarianism (命令主义) has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent (相关的，切题的) not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family.16. The ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is ____.A) fundamental to a sound democracyB) not pertinent to healthy family lifeC) responsible for MonismD) what we have almost given up17. The danger in the sharing of household tasks by the mother and the father is that _____.A) the role of the father may become an inferior oneB) the role of the mother may become an inferior oneC) the children will grow up believing that life is a battle of sexesD) sharing leads to constant arguing18. The author states that bringing up children ______.A) is mainly the mother’s jobB) belongs among the duties of the fatherC) is the job of schools and churchesD) involves a partnership of equals19. According to the author, the father’s role in the home is _____.A) minor because he is an ineffectual parentB) irrelevant to the healthy development of the childC) pertinent to the healthy development of the childD) identical to the role of the child’s mother20. With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?A) A healthy, co-operative family is a basic ingredient of a healthy society.B) Men are basically opposed to sharing household chores.C) Division of household responsibilities is workable only in theory.D) A woman’s place in the home- now as always.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (每小题0.5分，共20分)Directions: There are a number of incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence, Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.21. Does everyone on earth have an equal right_____ an equal share of its resources?A) by B) at C) to D) over22. Over a third of the population was estimated to have no _____ to the health service.A) assessment B) assignment C) exception D) access23. Our manager is so ______ in his thinking, he never listens to new ideas.A) stiff B) rigid C) tense D) tight24. Mary tried to ____ her friends to her new method of dieting.A) exchange B) convert C) alter D) transfer25. Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to _____ the color of his skin.A) with the exception B) in the light of C) by virtue of D) regardless of26. He’s watching TV? He’s _____ to be clea ning his room.A) known B) supposed C) regarded D) considered27. Excuse me. If your call’s not too urgent, do you mind_____ mine first?A) I make B) if I make C) me to make D) that I make28. The man in the corner confessed to _____ a lie to the manager of the company.A) have told B) be told C) being told D) having told29. This box is too heavy, ______ give me a hand?A) would you mind B) would you please C) will you like D) will you please to30. The fire was finally brought under control, but not ______ extensive damage had been caused.A) before B) since C) after D) as31. This ticket _____ you to a free boat tour on the lake.A) entitles B) appoints C) grants D) credits32. The guests said that th ey wouldn’t mind ______.A) if they have a little wine B) having a little wineC) to have a little wine D) have a little wine33. At 7 o’clock tomorrow evening, I _____ a walk in the neighbourhood. So you won’t find me athome then.A) shall take B) will take C) shall be taking D) am taking34. The statistical figures in that report are not _____. You should not refer to them.A) accurate B) fixed C) delicate D) rigid35. She just had no faith in me. It was William ______ she still had her faith.A) that B) who C) whom D) in whom36. The great use of a school education is not so much to teach you things ______to teach you theart of learning.A) than B) nor C) rather than D) as37. I intended ______ the matter with you, but I had some guests then.A) discuss B) having discussed C) to have discussed D) discussing38. After retirement my father _____ enormous pleasure from his coin collection.A) figured B) derived C) released D) attached39. Last Sa turday and ______ my great surprise I met him at Mrs. Jones’ party.A) for B) to C) with D) in40. I tried to ring the shop assistant, but it seemed the shop telephone was always_____.A) occupied B) utilized C) employed D) engaged41. “What did you hear last night?” “I seemed ______ someone slam the door.”A) to have heard B) to hear C) to having heard D) to be hearing42. “Quite a number of students gave excellent answers to my last question,” said the professor inhis ______ on our performance in the exam.A) mention B）statement C）comment D) reference43. _____ in the office had made a mistake, and the firm regretted causing the customerinconvenience.A) Someone B）Some C）Anyone D) One44. The word “family” is used here to denote the members of a household, _____.A) either they are related or not B) whether or not they are relatedC) neither or not they are related D) if they are related or not45. He______ to his customers and halved the price.A) leaked B) drew C) quoted D) yielded46. In no way ____ described as a liberal.A) President Bush could have been B) could President Bush have beenC) could have President Bush been D) could have been President Bush47. For her, happiness_____ watching television and reading magazines.A) lies in B) builds on C) refers to D) composes of48. The products of consumer electronics will pay for environmental sanitation services to collectand _____ used refrigerators, computers and televisions under the new rules.A) repair B) redistribute C) dispose of D) recycled49. The red lines on the map ______ railways.A) represent for B) present C) stand for D) stand50. The manager spoke highly of such ______ as loyalty, courage and truthfulness shown by hisemployees.A) virtues B) features C) properties D) characteristics51. Justice must not be ______ to anyone, however poor he or she may be.A) detached B) disposed C) denied D) excluded52. “You are very selfish. It’s high time you ______ that you are not the most important person inthe world.” Edgar said to his boss angrily.A) realized B) have realized C) realize D) should realize53. I found my home town completely_____.A) changed B) changing C) change D) to be changed54. The Chinese ____ about 22 percent of the world population.A) account up B) account for C) make in D) take for55. You’ll have to ____ the ladder to reach the top shelf.A) moor B) mount C) mound D)mould56. The poor old women can’t ______ her hot-water bottle.A) do without B) do with C) do up D) do away with57. The total amount of money we paid for the paint _____1,500 pounds.A) comes B) come to C) reaches D) reach58. The ________ of this container is 100 cubic metres.A) area B) content C) volume D) sphere59. His explanation of the problem made things _____.A) that it became even more complicatedB) be even more complicatedC) even more complicatedD) to be even more complicated60. Generous public funding of basic science would ______ considerable benefits for thecountry’s health, wealth and security.A) lead to B) result form C) lie in D) settle downPart III Cloze (每小题0.5分，共10分)Directions: Each Blank in the following passage is provided with for possible choices. Read the whole passage and choose the best answer for each blank. Then mark your choices on the Answer Sheet.As the plane circled over the airport, everyone sensed that something was wrong. The plane was moving unsteadily through the air, and 61 the passengers had fastened their seat belts, they were suddenly 62 forward. At that moment, the air-hostess 63 . She looked vey pale, but was quite _ 64 . Speaking quickly but almost in a whisper, she 65 everyone that the pilot had 66 and asked if any of the passengers knew anything about machines – or at 67 how to drive a car. After a moment’s 68 , a man got up and followed the hostess into the pilot’s cabi n.Moving the pilot 69 , the man took his seat and listened carefully to the 70 instructions that were being sent by radio from the airport 71 . The plane was now dangerously close 72 the ground, but to everyone’s 73 , it soon began to climb. The man had to 74 the airport several times in order to become 75 with the controls of the plane. 76 the danger had not yet passed. The terrible 77 came when he had to land. Following 78 , the man guided the plane to ward the airfield, It shook violently 79 it touched the ground and then moved rapidly 80 the runway and after a long run it stopped safely.61. A) although B) while C) therefore D) then62. A) shifted B) thrown C) put D) moved63. A) showed B) presented C) exposed D) appeared64. A) well B) still C) calm D) quiet65. A) inquired B) insured C) informed D) instructed66. A) fallen B) failed C) faded D) fainted67. A) best B) least C) length D) first68. A) hesitation B) surprise C) doubt D) delay69. A) back B) aside C) about D) off70. A) patient B) anxious C) urgent D) nervous71. A) beneath B) under C) down D) below72. A) to B) by C) near D) on73. A) horror B) trust C) pleasure D) relief74. A) surround B) circle C) observe D) view75. A) intimate B) familiar C) understood D) close76. A) Then B) Therefore C) But D) Moreover77. A) moment B) movement C) idea D) affair78. A) impression B) information C) inspections D) instructions79. A) as B) unless C) while D) so80. A) around B) over C) along D) abovePart IV English–Chinese Translation (每小题2分，共10分)Directions: Read the passage carefully and translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.A foreigner’s first impression of the U.S. is likely to be that everyone is in a rush-often under pressure. 81) City people appear always to be hurrying to get where they are going restlessly, seeking attention in a store. and elbowing others as they try to complete their errands(任务). Racing through daytime meals is part of the pace of life in this country. Working time is considered precious. Others in public eating places are waiting for you to finish so that they too can be served and get back to work within the time allowed. Each person hurries to make room for the next person. If you don’t, waiters will hurry you. You also find drivers will be abrupt and that people will push past. 82) You will miss smiles, brief conversations, and small courtesies with strangers. Don’t take it personally. This is because people value time highly, and they resent someone else “wasting” it beyond a certain courtesy point. The view of time affects the importance we attach to patience. In the American system to values, patience is not a high priority. Many of us have what might be called “a short fuse.” 83) We begin to move restlessly about if wefeel time is slipping away without some return, be this in terms of pleasure, work value, or rest. Those coming from lands where time is looked upon differently may find this matter of pace to be one of their most difficult adjustments in both business and daily life. Many newcomers to the States will miss the opening courtesy of a business call, for example, 84) they will miss the ritual interaction that goes with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee that may be a convention in their own country. They may miss leisurely business chats in a café or coffeehouse. Normally, Americans do not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over prolonged small talks. We seek out evidence of past performance rather than evaluate a business colleague through social courtesies.85)Since we generally assess and probe professionally rather than socially, we start talking business very quickly.Part IV Writing (20分)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Harmfulness of Fake Commodities. You should write at least 150 words, and base your writing on the outline given in Chinese below. Write your composition on the Answer Sheet.1. 目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品（fake commodities）。
历年厦门大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题试卷与答案
历年厦门大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题试卷与答案一、考试解读：part 1 学院专业考试概况：①学院专业分析：含学院基本概况、考研专业课科目:厦大英语翻译硕士的考试情况；②科目对应专业历年录取统计表：含厦门大学英语翻译硕士相关专业的历年录取人数与分数线情况；③历年考研真题特点：含厦门大学考研211翻译硕士英语专业课各部分的命题规律及出题风格。
part 2 历年题型分析及对应解题技巧：根据厦门大学211翻译硕士英语各专业考试科目的考试题型（单项选择题、改错题、阅读理解、作文等），分析对应各类型题目的具体解题技巧，帮助考生提高针对性，提升答题效率，充分把握关键得分点。
part 3 2018真题分析：最新真题是厦门大学考研中最为珍贵的参考资料，针对最新一年的厦门大学考研真题试卷展开深入剖析，帮助考生有的放矢，把握真题所考察的最新动向与考试侧重点，以便做好更具针对性的复习准备工作。
part 4 2020考试展望：根据上述相关知识点及真题试卷的针对性分析，提高2020考生的备考与应试前瞻性，令考生心中有数，直抵厦门大学考研的核心要旨。
part 5 厦门大学考试大纲：①复习教材罗列（官方指定或重点推荐+拓展书目）：不放过任何一个课内、课外知识点。
②官方指定或重点教材的大纲解读：官方没有考试大纲，高分学长学姐为你详细梳理。
③拓展书目说明及复习策略：专业课高分，需要的不仅是参透指定教材的基本功，还应加强课外延展与提升。
part 6 专业课高分备考策略：①考研前期的准备；②复习备考期间的准备与注意事项；③考场注意事项。
part 7 章节考点分布表：罗列厦门大学英语翻硕专业的专业课试卷中，近年试卷考点分布的具体情况，方便考生知晓厦门大学考研专业课试卷的侧重点与知识点分布，有助于考生更具针对性地复习、强化，快准狠地把握高分阵地！二、厦门大学历年考研真题与答案详解：2018年厦门大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题（部分不完整，回忆版）2017年厦门大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题（回忆版）2016年厦门大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题（回忆版）2015年厦门大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题（回忆版）2014年厦门大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年厦门大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2012年厦门大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2011年厦门大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2010年厦门大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解真题试卷和答案摘自群贤厦大考研网。
2012厦门大学翻译硕士211真题
2012年厦门大学翻译硕士211真题翻译硕士（MTI）备考系列厦门大学2012年招收攻读硕士学位研究生(专业学位)入学考试试题科目代码：211科目名称：翻译硕士英语招生类别：翻译硕士考生须知：答题必须使用黑(蓝)色墨水(圆珠)笔；不得直接在试卷(试题纸)或草稿纸上作答：凡未按上述规定作答均不予评阅、判分，责任考生自负。
Part Ⅰ．vocabulary & Grammar(共30题，每小题1分，共30分)A. Complete each of the following sentences with the best choice.1. Have you ever been in a situation _________ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?A. by which B that C. in where D. where2. He has many pen-friends. No week passes _________ he receives several letters.A. thatB. whichC. thanD. but3. That trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasn’t bothered by his loudness _________by his lack of talentA. so much asB. rather thanC. asD. than4. The physicist has made a discovery, _________ of great importance to the progress of science and technology.A. I think which isB. that I think isC. which I think isD. which I think it is5. Things, _________ is often the case, will turn out to be contrary to one’s wishes.A. asB. whichC. thatD. it6. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than _________ in the public mind today.A. existB. existsC. existingD. to exist7. _________ for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving as it is.A. Had it not beenB. Were it notC. Be it notD. Should it not be8. People thinking about the origin of language for the first time usually arrive at the conclusion that it developed gradually as a system of grants, hisses and cries and _________ a very simple affair in the beginning.A. must beB. must have been C, ought to be D, should be9. It was as a physician that he represented himself, and _________ he was warmly received.A. as thatB. such asC. as suchD. so that10. China has hundreds of islands, _________ is Taiwan Island.A, among them the largest B. and the largest of whichC. and the largest of themD. but among which the largest11. If the weather is fine, we will go. If _________ , _________ .A. not, noB. no, noC. not, notD. no, not12. To define love is very difficult, for the same reason that words cannot fully describe the flavor of an orange. You have to taste the fruit to know its flavor. So it is _________ love.A. toB. inC. tooD. with13. Susan doesn’t even know that angles of less than 90 degrees are called _________angles.A. convergingB. focalC. acuteD. obtuse14. Those battered old trousers of his are a _________ joke to all his friends.A. steadyB. standingC. stableD. persisting15. He tries to _________ his lessons by telling an interesting anecdote about the president.A. cheer upB. inspireC. stimulateD. liven up16. The soldiers in the platoon shined their bayonets in _________ of the inspection by the general.A. contemplationB. anticipation C, preconception D. meditation17. The early white settlers in America maltreated the Indians in two ways: first, they appropriated the Indians’ property and treated them with contempt; secondly, the writers of that period deprecated the character of the Indians and justified _________ .A. those who persecuted themB. those who supported themC. their claims to the landD. their rights as individuals18. American cities, with few exceptions, resemble each other greatly. It is true that some of them may be constructed chiefly of wood, while others are chiefly brick, but in every other respect they are markedly _________ .A. uniformB. advancedC. beautifulD. unique19. A hundred times a day we laugh at ourselves when we laugh at our neighbors, and we detest in others the faults that in ourselves are _________ .A. much more glaringB. totally absentC. seldom to be foundD. positive virtues20. Before making a decision, we should seek out both sides of a question and form the habit of having suspended judgment and an open mind receptive to _________ .A. changeB. good authorityC. radio reportsD. new evidencePart Ⅱ．Reading Comprehension(共20题，每小题2分，共40分)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 questions. Read the passages and then mark or write down the best answer to each question on your answer sheet.TEXT ACampaigning on the Indian frontier is an experience by itself. Neither the landscape nor the people find their counterparts in any other portion of the globe. Valley walls rise steeply five or six thousand feet on every side. The columns crawl through a maze of giant corridors down which fierce snow-fed torrents foam under skies of brass. Amid these scenes of savage brilliancy there dwells a race whose qualities seem to harmonize with their environment. Except at harvest time, whenself-preservation requires a temporary truce, the Pathan tribes are always engaged in private or public war. Every man is a warrior, a politician and a theologian. Every large house is a real feudal fortress made, it is true, only of sun-baked clay, but with battlements, turrets, loopholes, drawbridges, etc. complete. Every village has its defence. Every family cultivates its vendetta; every clan, its feud. The numerous tribes and combinations of tribes all have their accounts to settle with one another. Nothing is ever forgotten, and very few debts are left unpaid. For the purposes of social life, in addition to the convention about harvest-time, a most elaborate code of honour has been established and is on the whole faithfully observed. A man who knew it and observed it faultlessly might pass unarmed from one end of the frontier to another. The slightest technical slip would, however, be fatal. The life of the Pathan is thus full of interest; and his valleys, nourished alike by endless sunshine and abundant water, are fertile enough to yield with little labour the modest material requirements of a sparse population.Into this happy world the nineteenth century brought two new facts: the rifle and the British Government. The first was an enormous luxury and blessing; the second, an unmitigated nuisance. The convenience of the rifle was nowhere more appreciated than in the Indian highlands. A weapon which would kill with accuracy at fifteen hundred yards opened a whole new vista of delights to every family or clan which could acquire it. One could actually remain in one’s own house and fire at one’s neighbour nearly a mile away. One could lie in wait on some high crag, and at hitherto unheard of ranges hit a horseman far below. Even villages could fire at each other without the trouble of going far from home. Fabulous prices were therefore offered for these glorious products of science.Rifle-thieves scoured all India to reinforce the efforts of the honest smuggler. A steady flow of the coveted weapons spread its genial influence throughout the frontier, and the respect which the Pathan tribesmen entertained for Christian civilization was vastly enhanced.The action of the British Government on the other hand was entirely unsatisfactory. The great organizing, advancing, absorbing power to the southward seemed to be little better than a monstrous spoil-sport. If the Pathan made forays into the plains, not only were they driven back (which after all was no more than fair), but a whole series of subsequent interferences took place, followed at intervals by expeditions which toiled laboriously through the valleys, scolding the tribesmen and exacting fines for any damage which they had done. No one would have minded these expeditions if they had simply come, had a fight and then gone away again. In many cases this was their practice under what was called the "butcher and bolt policy" to which the Government of India long adhered. But towards the end of the nineteenth century these intruders began to make roads through many of the valleys, and in particular the great road to Chitral. They sought to ensure the safety of these roads by threats, by forts and by subsidies. There was no objection to the last method so far as it went. But the whole of this tendency to road-making was regarded by the Pathans with profound distaste. All along the road people were expected to keep quiet, not to shoot one another, and above all not to shoot at travellers along the road. It was too much to ask, and a whole series of quarrels took their origin from this source.1. The word "debts" in "very few debts are left unpaid" in the first paragraph means _________ .[A] loans[B] accounts[C] killings[D] bargains2. Which of the following is NOT one of the geographical facts about the Indian frontier?[A] Melting snows.[B] Large population.[C] Steep hillsides.[D] Fertile valleys.3. According to the passage, the Pathans welcomed _________ .[A] the introduction of the rifle[B] the spread of British rule[C] the extension of luxuries[D] the spread of trade4. Building roads by the British _________ .[A] put an end to a whole series of quarrels[B] prevented the Pathans from carrying on feuds[C] lessened the subsidies paid to the Pathans[D] gave the Pathans a much quieter life5. What would be a suitable title for the passage?TEXT BA bus took him to the West End, where, among the crazy coloured fountains of illumination,shattering the blue dusk with green and crimson fire, he found the card of his choice, a tea-shop that had gone mad and turned Babylonian, a white palace with ten thousand lights. It towered above the other building like a citadel, which indeed it was, the outpost of a new age, perhaps a new civilization, perhaps a new barbarism; and behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel, just as behind the careless profusion of luxury were millions of pence, balanced to the last halfpenny, Somewhere in the background, hidden away, behind the ten thousand lights and acres of white napery and bewildering glittering rows of teapots, behind the thousand waitresses and cash-box girls and black-coated floor managers and temperamental long-haired violinists, behind the mounds of cauldrons of stewed steak, the vanloads of ices, were a few men who went to work juggling with fractions of a farming, who knew how many units of electricity it took to finish a steak-and-kidney pudding and how many minutes and seconds a waitress (five feet four in height and in average health) would need to carry a tray of given weight from the kitchen life to the table in the far comer. In short, there was a warm, sensuous, vulgar life flowering in the upper storeys, and a cold science working in the basement. Such was the gigantic tea-shop into which Turgis marched, in search not of mere refreshment but of all the enchantment of unfamiliar luxury. Perhaps he knew in his heart that men have conquered half the known world, looted whole kingdoms, and never arrived in such luxury. The place was built for him.It was built for a great many other people too, and, as usual, they were all there. It steamed with humanity. The marble entrance hall, piled dizzily with bonbons and cakes, was as crowded and bustling as a railway station. The gloom and grime of the streets, the raw air, all November, were at once left behind, forgotten: the atmosphere inside was golden, tropical, belonging to some highmid-summer of confectionery. Disdaining the lifts, Turgis, once more excited by the sight, sound, and smell of it all, climbed the wide staircase until he reached his favourite floor, where an orchestra, led by a young Jewish violinist with wandering lustrous eyes and a passion for tremolo effects, acted as a magnet to a thousand girls, scented air, the sensuous clamour of the strings; and, as he stood hesitating a moment, half dazed, there came, bowing, s sleek grave man, older than he was and far more distinguished than he could ever hope to be, who murmured deferentially: "For one, sir? This way, please, " Shyly, yet proudly, Turgis followed him.6. That "behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel" suggests that _________ .[A] modem realistic commercialism existed behind the luxurious appearance[B] there was a fundamental falseness in the style and the appeal of the card[C] the architect had made a sensible blend of old and new building materials[D] the caré was based on physical foundations and real economic strength7. The following words or phrases are somewhat critical of the tea-shop EXCEPT _________ .[A] ". . . turned Babylonian"[B] "perhaps a new barbarism"[C] "acres of white napery"[D] "balanced to the last halfpenny"8. In its context, the statement that "the place was built for him" means that the café was intended to _________ .[A] please simple people in a simple way[B] exploit gullible people like him[C] satisfy a demand that already existed[D] provide relaxation for tired young men9. Which of the following statements about the second paragraph is NOT true?[A] The café appealed to most senses simultaneously.[B] The café was both full of people and full of warmth.[C] The inside of the café was contrasted with the weather outside.[D] It stressed the commercial determination of the café owners.I0. What comparisons are made by the author in the second paragraph?TEXT CFor office innovators, the unrealized dream of the "paperless" office is a classic example ofhigh-tech hubris (傲慢). Today’s office drone is drowning in more paper than ever before.But after decades of hype, American offices may finally be losing their paper obsession. The demand for paper used to outstrip the growth of the US economy, but the past two or three years have seen a marked slowdown in sales — despite a healthy economic scene.Analysts attribute the decline to such factors as advances in digital databases and communication systems. Escaping our craving for paper, however, will be anything but an easy affair."Old habits are hard to break, " says Merilyn Dunn, a communications supplies director. "There are some functions that paper serves where a screen display doesn’t work. Those functions are both its strength and its weakness. "In the early to mid-1990s, a booming economy and improved desktop printers helped boost paper sales by 6 to 7 percent each year. The convenience of desktop printing allowed office workers to indulge in printing anything and everything at very little effort or cost.But now, the growth rate of paper sales in the United States is flattening by about half a percent each year. Between 2004 and 2005, Ms. Dunn says, plain white office paper will see less than a 4 percent growth rate, despite the strong overall economy. A primary reason for the change, says Dunn, is that for the first time ever, some 47percent of the workforce entered the job market after computers had already been introduced to offices."We’re finally seeing a reduction in the amount of paper being used per worker in the workplace, " says John Maine, vice president of a pulp and paper economic consulting firm. "More information is being transmitted electronically, and more and more people are comfortable with the information residing only in electronic form without printing multiple backups. "In addition, Mr. Maine points to the lackluster employment market for white-collar workers —the primary driver of office paper consumption for the shift in paper usage.The real paradigm shift may be in the way paper is used. Since the advent of advanced and reliable office-network systems, data storage has moved away from paper archives. The secretarial art of "filing" is disappearing from job descriptions. Much of today’s data may never leave its original digital format.The changing attitudes toward paper have finally caught the attention of paper companies, says Richard Harper, a researcher at Microsoft. "All of a sudden, the paper industry has started thinking, ’We need to learn more about the behavioural aspects of paper use, ’" he says. "They had never asked, they’d just assumed that 70million sheets would be bought per year as a literal functionof economic growth. "To reduce paper use, some companies are working to combine digital and paper capabilities. For example, Xerox Corp. is developing electronic paper: thin digital displays that respond to a stylus, like a pen on paper. Notations can be erased or saved digitally.Another idea, intelligent paper, comes from Anoto Group. It would allow notations made with a stylus on a page printed with a special magnetic ink to simultaneously appear on a computer screen.Even with such technological advances, the improved capabilities of digital storage continue to act against "paperlessness. " argues Paul Saffo, a technology forecaster. In his prophetic and metaphorical 1989 essay, "The Electronic Piñata (彩罐), " he suggests that the increasing amounts of electronic data necessarily require more paper.The information industry today "is like a huge electronic piñata, composed of a thin paper crust surrounding an electronic core, " Mr. Saffo wrote. The growing paper crust "is most noticeable, but the hidden electronic core that produces the crust is far larger — and growing more rapidly. The result is that we are becoming paperless, but we hardly notice at all. "In the same way that digital innovations have increased paper consumption, Saffo says, so has video conferencing — with its promise of fewer in-person meetings — boosted business travel."That’s one of the great ironies of the information age, " Saffo says. "It’s just common sense that the more you talk to someone by phone or computer, it inevitably leads to a face-to-face meeting. The best thing for the aviation industry was the Internet. "11. What function does the second sentence in the first paragraph serve?[A] It further explains high-tech hubris.[B] It confirms the effect of high-tech hubris.[C] It offers a cause for high-tech hubris.[D] It offers a contrast to high-tech hubris.12. Which of the following is NOT a reason for the slowdown in paper sales?[A] Workforce with better computer skills.[B] Slow growth of the US economy.[C] Changing patterns in paper use.[D] Changing employment trends.13. The two innovations by Xerox Corp. and Anoto Group feature _________ .[A] integrated use of paper and digital form[B] a shift from paper to digital form[C] the use of computer screen[D] a new style of writing14. What is the author’s attitude towards "paperlessness"?[A] He reviews the situation from different perspectives.[B] He agrees with some of the people quoted in the passage.[C] He has a preference for digital innovations.[D] He thinks airlines benefit most from the digital age.15. What does the author mean by "irony of the information age"?TEXT DStratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry—William Shakespeare—but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights.The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making.The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus -and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side - don’t usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their play going. It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.The townsfolk don’t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1, 431 seats were 94 per cent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better. ) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over) -lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a. m.16. From the first two paragraphs, we learn that _________ .[A] the townsfolk deny the RSC’s contribution to the town’s revenue[B] the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stage[C] the two branches of the RSC are not on good terms[D] the townsfolk earn little from tourism17. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that _________ .[A] the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separately[B] the playgoers spend more money than the sightseers[C] the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoers[D] the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater18. By saying "Stratford cries poor traditionally" (Line 2-3, Paragraph 4), the author implies that_________ .[A] Stratford cannot afford the expansion projects[B] Stratford has long been in financial difficulties[C] the town is not really short of money[D] the townsfolk used to be poorly paid19. From the text we can conclude that the author _________ .[A] is supportive of both sides[B] favors the townsfolk’s view[C] takes a detached attitude[D] is sympathetic to the RSC20. According to the townsfolk, what is the reason that the RSC deserves no subsidy?Part Ⅲ．Writing(共1题，每题30分，共30分)The global economic crisis has made a significant impact on the lives of many around the world. Cuts in social services, rising unemployment, insurmountable debts have resulted in protests across Europe and in the Americas. Compose an essay of about 400 words describing your understanding about some of the primary causes of this crisis and discussing in what ways this crisis has affected you and/or your friends and family and what steps should be taken to avoid a similar situation in the future.。
2012全国53所高校MTI真题汇总(网友回忆版)-汉语写作和百科知识单元
2012年全国53所高校MTI真题（网友回忆版）汉语写作和百科知识单元目录1. 对外经贸大学 (1)2. 北京大学 (2)3. 北二外 (2)4. 北京外国语学院 (3)5. 北林 (3)6. 首师大 (3)7. 北京科技大学 (5)8. 北京师范大学 (5)9. 北京交通大学 (6)10. 中石油（北京） (6)11. 北京航空航天大学 (6)12. 北京语言大学 (7)13. 复旦大学 (7)14. 上海交通大学 (8)15. 同济大学 (8)16. 郑州大学 (9)17. 上海外国语大学 (9)18. 上海大学 (14)19. 上海东华大学 (16)20. 华东师范 (16)21. 华中师范 (16)22. 华中科技大学 (17)23. 东南大学 (17)24. 西安外国语 (17)25. 南京农业大学 (18)26. 南京大学 (18)27. 南京师范大学 (19)28. 大连海事大学 (19)29. 天津外国语 (19)30. 天津大学 (20)31. 南开大学 (20)32. 广外 (21)33. 暨南大学 (21)34. 湖南师大 (21)35. 四川外国语 (22)36. 四川大学 (22)37. 山东大学 (23)38. 青岛大学 (23)39. 苏州大学 (23)40. 吉林大学 (24)41. 西工大 (25)42. 西财 (25)43. 浙江大学 (25)44. 重庆大学 (26)45. 武汉大学 (26)46. 贵州大学 (27)47. 扬州大学 (27)48. 福师大 (28)49. 中国海洋大学 (28)50. 中南大学 (28)51. 上海海事大学 (29)52. 云南师范大学 (29)53. 湖南大学 (29)1. 对外经贸大学百科：史记包含的五类，初唐四杰，初唐四大书法家，最大规模农民战争，唐代山水诗派代表，苦吟诗人，“飞流直下三千尺，疑是银河落九天”是哪首诗的，中国画祖之类，看过一遍中国文化的应该都问题不大，但明年就说不定了。
厦门大学翻硕初复试各科题型回顾精
厦门大学翻硕初复试各科题型回顾+复习书目前天已结束复试，现在把自己知道的晒出来，希望对大家能有一点点帮助。
翻硕很头疼的是没有指定的参考书目，我用的书都是靠查资料、逛论坛一点点收集信息后买齐的，现在回忆下题型以及我复习每科用的书（这些书都经过了实战考验的）。
初试：基础英语：part1A 语法词汇选择题20 题，前半部分是语法，考到了特殊句型，虚拟时态，比较级，复合句等；后半部分是词汇，难度不大；B 改错10 题，用八级改错水平足以应对；part2 阅读5 篇，每篇5 个问题加一个小问答，大家平时做惯了选择题，问答题需要练练总结回答的能力；阅读5 个段落的内容大致是博物馆，智利旅游，太阳的构造，丹麦人的性格和狮心Richard 。
part3 作文。
题目是more and more university graduates seek their fortune in big cities, the problems behind it and solutions.我复习的时候用的是星火的《改错满分突破60 篇》和《写作话题100 篇》（有各题材的话题和范文），还有外教社出版的《最新英语专业考研名校真题-基础英语》，这里面都是些好学校历年基础英语的真题，题型和翻硕的基础英语很像，囊括了语法词汇阅读（包括问答题题型）改错翻译写作等等，而且难度比厦大卷子大。
把这三本教材做熟了做好了，做厦大的就觉得很顺手。
词汇手册我用的是星火的《全新英语专业8级-词汇周计划》，里面的词汇不仅有分层次难易，还有帮你订好每天的计划量，让你不会背了开头就坚持不到结尾，很有规划性。
翻译硕士英语：第一题是翻译30 个词汇。
积累China Daily 的新词。
我只能简单记录下我能记起的单词，已记不全了。
汉译英：小道消息,种瓜得瓜种豆得豆，世博会吉祥物海宝，布达拉宫，《论语》，不以物喜不以己悲，第九次上海五国峰会，补缺选举；英译汉：UCLA , infortainment, the Mathew Effect, forewarned is forearned. European Currency In tegration, Memorandum of the Undearstanding for the Cooperative Programme on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases between the Department of Health and Human Service of the U.S. and the Department of Health in China, concept album, sock puppet, write unsolicited testimonials, Chinese rose, possible repercussion of our actions, honor system, IAEA.第二题是英汉互译，各两篇。
厦门大学2013年翻译硕士考研真题及答案
厦门大学2013年翻译硕士考研真题及答案历年真题是最权威的，最直接了解各专业考研的复习资料，考生要重视和挖掘其潜在价值，尤其是现在正是冲刺复习阶段，模拟题和真题大家都要多练多总结，下面分享厦门大学2013年翻译硕士考研真题及答案，方便考生使用。
厦门大学2013年翻译硕士考研真题及答案I. Phrase Translation新能源汽车: New Energy Vehicles; green car新型农村合作医疗: New Rural Cooperative Medical Care广播电视网：broadcasting TV networks; Next Generation Broadcasting network工伤保险: employment injury insurance; work-related injury insurance; work injury insurance中国共产党第十八次全国代表大会: the 18th national congress of the communist party of china学前教育三年行动计划: A three-year action plan for preschool education纪念辛亥革命100周年大会: commemorate the centennial anniversary of the 1911 Revolution收入分配制度改革总体方案：master plan for deepening reform of the income distribution system文化逆差: cultural deficit; Culture Shock纽约证券交易所: New York Stock Exchange循环经济: Circular Economy; recycling economy诺贝尔文学奖: Nobel Prize in Literature2012 中国上海国际食品安全博览会: International food safety Exhibition 2012 Shanghai, China中等收入陷阱: middle-income trap中共中央政治局常务委员会：Central Politburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party of ChinaOver-the-counter(OTC) drugs：非处方药Long-term government bonds：长期公债U.S Treasury Secretary：美国财政部长easy money policy：宽松的货币政策dementia：痴呆;智力衰弱;精神错乱;疯狂the Association of Southeast Asian Nation(ASEAN)：东南亚国家联盟(东盟)Richter scale：里克特震级(测量地震强度的标准);里氏震级secret ballot：无记名投票tax evasion and avoidance：偷税避税Defending champion：卫冕冠军E111: 欧洲健康保险卡(European Health Insurance Card)Corporate social responsibility：企业社会责任Capacity building：能力建设;能力建构polycrystalline silicon：多晶硅negotiated bidding：谈判招标(注：原文以句子形式出现)II. Passage translationSection A English to Chinese1，After more than 30 years of rapid growth, China has reached another turning point in its development path when a second strategic, and no less fundamental, shift is called for. The 12th Five Year Plan provides an excellent start. This report combines its key elements to design a longer-term strategy that extends to 2030. More importantly, it focuses on the “how,” not just the “what.” Si x important messages emerge from the analysis:First, implement structural reforms to strengthen the foundations for a market-based economy by redefining the role of government,reforming and restructuring stateenterprises and banks, developing the privatesector, promoting competition, and deepeningreforms in the land, labor, and financialmarkets. As an economy approaches the technology frontier and exhausts the potential for acquiring and applying technology from abroad, the role of the government and its relationship to markets and the private sector need to change fundamentally. While providing relatively fewer “tangible” public goods and services directly, the government will need to provide more intangiblepublic goods and services like systems,rules, and policies, which increase production efficiency, promote competition, facilitate specialization, enhance the efficiency of resource allocation, protect the environment, and reduce risks and uncertainties.Second, accelerate the pace of innovation and create an open innovation system in which competitive pressures encourage Chinese firms to engage in product and process innovation not only through their own research and development but also by participatingin global research and developmentnetworks. China has already introduced a range of initiatives in establishing a research and development infrastructure and is far ahead of most other developing countries. Its priority going forward is to increase the quality of research and development, rather than just quantity. To achieve this, policy makers will need to focus on: increasing the technical and cognitive skills of university graduatesand building a few world-class researchuniversities with strong links to industry; fostering“innovative cities” that bring togetherhigh-quality talent, knowledge networks,dynamic firms, and learning institutions, andallow them to interact without restriction;and increasing the availability of patient riskcapital for start-up private firms.Third, seize the opportunity to “go green”through a mix of market incentives, regulations,public investments, industrial policy,and institutional development. Encouraging green development and increased efficiency of resource use is expected to not only improve the level of well-being and sustain rapid growth, but also address China’s manifold environmental challenges. The intention is to encourage new investments in a range of low-pollution, energy-and resource-efficient industries that would lead to greener development, spur investments in related upstream and downstream manufacturing and services, and build international competitive advantage in a global sunrise industry. These policies have the potential to succeed, given China’s many advantages—its large market size that will allow rapid scaling up of successful technologies to achieve economies of scale and reduced unit costs, a high investment rate that will permit rapidreplacement of old, inefficient, and environmentally damaging capital stock; its growing and dynamic private sectorthat will respond to new signals from government,provided it gets access to adequate levelsof finance.参考译文：在经历30多年高速增长之后，中国在发展上已经到达另一个转折点，需要再一次进行根本性战略转变。
厦门大学翻译硕士英语真题2010年_真题-无答案
厦门大学翻译硕士英语真题2010年(总分100,考试时间90分钟)Part Ⅰ V ocabularyAProofreadingThe following paragraphs contain 10 errors. Each indicated line contains ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the paragraph and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one inthe blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word. mark the position of the missing word with a "∧" signand write the word you believe to be missing in theblank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word. cross the unnecessary word with a slash "—" and put theword in the blank provided at the end of the line.Although cosmetic surgery (and non-surgically cosmetic(1)______ procedures, such as Botox injections) sometimes produce negativeoutcomes—media often highlights surgery "disasters"—(2)______ in the most part, the health risk for cosmetic procedures(3)______ is low and patient satisfaction is high. Often, people who have beenhobbled by poor body image all of their life, walk away from(4)______ cosmetic surgery in confidence and the motivation to lead(5)______ healthier lives. In addition, reconstructive surgery for burning(6)______and accident victims or to those disfigured from disease restore(7)______self-esteem and well-being in the way that other therapy cannot.(8)______ In my professional opinion, it is a time for members of the(9)______ **munity to examine the benefits and results ofcosmetic surgery with prejudice and jealousy.(10)______ 1.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.BChoose the word or phrase that can be used to replace the underlined part in each sentence1. Because noises modulate radiofrequency, radio stations use a band of frequencies to prevent interference with other stations.A. governB. adaptC. temperD. renovate2. A fossil is a remnant of a once-living organism.A. boneB. solventC. pictureD. vestige3. When squashed the stem and leaves of the jewelweed exude a juice that will soothe some skin irritations.A. boiledB. agedC. crushedD. chopped4. The legislative filibuster is a parliamentary tactic designed to delay or prevent action by the majority.A. traditionB. ruleC. observanceD. maneuver5. Ocean waves can cut imposing cliffs along coastlines.A. immobileB. impermeableC. impressiveD. imaginative6. Mergers may be effected to revive or rejuvenate failing businesses by the infusion of new management and personnel.A. inspectionB. introductionC. evaluationD. concentration7. A fable is a didactic tale focused on a single character trail.A. an authenticB. a muddiedC. an instructiveD. an old-fashioned8. **pact dictionaries published in recent years are not as unwieldy as some of the older editions.A. completeB. tiresomeC. reliableD. cumbersome9. Author Katherine Sherwood McDowell had a knack for converting almost every experience into marketable prose.A. an aptitude forB. an obsession withC. an alternative toD. a purpose for10. South Carolina's mineral resources are abundant, but not all of them can be lucratively mined.A. profitablyB. safelyC. easilyD. extensively11. Ravaged by pollution and war, many famous monuments have become eroded and stained.A. discoloredB. dismemberedC. displacedD. distinctive12. Orioles are arboreal birds, and when they descend to the ground, it is mainly to gather nest materials.A. territorialB. tree-dwellingC. consummateD. grumpy13. Louisa May Alcott's novel Little Women, which recounts the experiences of the four March sisters during the American Civil war, is largely autobiographical.A. praisesB. narratesC. exaggeratesD. classifies14. Fertilizer applied to soil can replace depleted nutrients.A. organicB. acidicC. exhaustedD. desirable15. Galena, the chief ore of lead, is a brittle mineral with a metallic luster.A. hazelB. denseC. breakableD. sparking16. In Hawaii, endemic birds, such as the omao and the apapane, dwell in the volcanic highlands and tropical rain forests.A. alluringB. aquaticC. gracefulD. native17. Biologists have ascertained that specialized cells convert chemical energy into mechanical energy.A. determinedB. arguedC. hypothesizedD. griped18. Pocahonta, a seventeenth century Powhatan Indian, went to the Jamestown colony as her father's emissary.A. wardB. attendantC. messengerD. translator19. Neon light is utilized in airport beacons because it can permeate fog.A. pass throughB. transmitC. suspendD. break up20. Alexander Woollcott's flamboyant **bined sharpness of wit with sentimentality.A. deviousB. humorousC. singularD. showyCChoose the word or phrase that **pletes each sentence1. The form and physiology of leaves vary according to the ______ in which they develop: forexample, leaves display a wider range of adaptations to different degrees of light and moisture.A. relationshipB. sequenceC. patternsD. environment2. Since most, if not all, learning occurs through ______, relating one observation to another, it would be strange indeed if the study of other cultures did not also illuminate the study of our own.A. assumptionsB. experimentsC. comparisonsD. repetitions3. He had expected gratitude for his disclosure, but instead he encountered ______ bordering on hostility.A. patienceB. discretionC. ineptitudeD. indifference4. Although Simpson was ingenious at ______ to appear innovative and spontaneous, beneath the ruse he remained uninspired and rigid in his approach to problem-solving.A. intendingB. contrivingC. forbearingD. declining5. Because modern scientists find the ancient Greek view of the cosmos outdated and irrelevant, they now perceive it as only of ______ interest.A. historicalB. intrinsicC. experimentalD. superfluous6. In spite of the increasing ______ of their opinions, the group knew they had to arrive at a consensus so that the award could be presented.A. impartialityB. judiciousnessC. polarityD. consistency7. Ironically, the proper use of figurative language must be based on the denotative meaning of the words, because it is the failure to recognize this ______ meaning that leads to mixed metaphors and their attendant incongruity.A. esotericB. literalC. allusiveD. symbolic8. Although any destruction of vitamins caused by food irradiation could be ______ the use of diet supplements, there may be no protection from carcinogens that some fear might be introduced intofoods by the process.A. counterbalanced byB. attributed toC. augmented withD. stimulated by9. Data concerning the effects on a small population of high concentrations of a potentially hazardous chemical are frequently used to ______ the effects on a large population of lower amounts of the same chemical.A. verifyB. redressC. predictD. realize10. Early critics of Emily Dickinson's poetry mistook for simplemindedness the surface of artlessness that in fact she constructed with such ______.A. astonishmentB. vexationC. allusionD. cunning11. After a slow sales start early in the year, mobile homes have been gaining favor as ______ to increasingly expensive conventional housing.A. a reactionB. an additionC. an introductionD. an alternative12. Although adolescent maturational and developmental states occur in an orderly sequence, their timing ______ with regard to onset and duration.A. lastsB. variesC. faltersD. accelerates13. Psychology has slowly evolved into an ______ scientific discipline that now functions autonomously with the same privileges and responsibilities as other sciences.A. independentB. unusualC. outmodedD. uncontrolled14. Noting the murder victim's flaccid musculature and pear-like figure, she deduced that the unfortunate fellow had earned his living in some ______ occupation.A. treacherousB. ill-payingC. illegitimateD. sedentary15. The discovery that, friction excluded, all bodies fall at the same rate is so simple to state and to grasp that there is a tendency to ______ its significance.A. underrateB. reassessC. praiseD. eliminate16. The painting was larger than it appeared to be, for hanging in a darkened recess of the chapel, it was ______ by the perspective.A. improvedB. diminishedC. embellishedD. jeopardized17. Because folk art is **pletely rejected nor accepted as an art form by art historians, their final evaluations of it necessarily remain ______.A. arbitraryB. estimableC. equivocalD. orthodox18. Although economists have traditionally considered the district to be solely an agricultural one, the ______ of the inhabitants' occupations makes such a classification obsolete.A. productivityB. diversityC. predictabilityD. profitability19. Although specific concerns may determine the intent of a research project, its results are often ______.A. unanticipatedB. beneficialC. spectacularD. specialized20. The notion that a parasite can alter the behavior of a host organism is not mere fiction; indeed, the phenomenon is not even ______.A. observableB. realC. comprehendedD. rarePart Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionRead each of the following passages. Choose the most appropriate from the four choices to complete the sentence or answer the question. Answer the question or write a summary as is required.Passage ANotation gave western music a means of written record, but at first only for a kind of music, chant, that was believed to have originated half a millennium and more in the past—to beeffectively, ageless. Early medieval chants sprang from the whole time of eternal sameness, which they so readily convey, and similarly there was no measure of the time within them—the rhythm. Then measure came. And with it came the first **posers and precisely datable works.Where chant was of a piece with other musical traditions in being self-sufficient melody, working within a modal system, belonging to no creator (but to God) and designed for worship, the new music of the twentieth century opened a distinctively western path. The measuring of time was the beginning not only of rhythmic notation—known, far beyond Europe, to the Indian theorist Sarngadeva in the first half of the thirteenth century—but also of music involving coordination among singers carrying different melodies, of polyphony. This, too, was by no means confined to the wedge of land between the Mediterranean and the Atlantic : the gamelan music of Bali, a tradition independent of Europe, is comparable with early western polyphony in its snperposition of different time streams, fast and slow, while the music of many sub-Saharan African peoples often piles up dissimilar rhythmic layers in ways foreign to Europe outside certain special repertories (fourteenth-century song and some music since 1950). But, from the twelfth century to the fifteenth, polyphony in the west gradually moved away from the repetitive structures that were retained on Bali or in central Africa as Europeans discovered how harmony could result in continuous flow.The source, as of so much in western culture, was a misunderstanding of classical Greek knowledge, again acquired through Boethius. He had nothing to say about harmony in the sense of chords, but he conveyed a Geek satisfaction in the primacy of the octave and the fifth, which medieval musicians took as models of consonance (the **bining notes). Just as essential were **binations, lacking euphony, for these would intensify the need for consonance. A dissonance placed immediately before a final consonance would produce a firmly conclusive ending—a cadence, such as became an essential of western musiC. Extending back from the cadence, the forces of harmony, marshaled through relationships between each chord and the next, could amplify the directional sense already present in the melody—the sense of movement towards a resting point on the last note. Thus time measured became time decisively having a goal, and music could emulate the progress in every human soul towards eternity.Music mirrored, too, how time generally was being told. Guido's staff notation came roughly when water clocks were reintroduced from Byzantium and Islam, enabling monks to know when a service was due from the level reached by water slowly filling a vessel. Thus reading, whether of a chantbook or a water gauge, substituted for memory and intuition. Exact synchrony between music and time was lost a little when clockwork mechanisms appeared in the mid-thirteenth century, half a century later than the gear-driven music produced at Notre Dame in Paris. However, the perfection of hour-chiming with hour-chiming capabilities, in the astronomical clock made by Richard Wallingford for St. Albans Abbey (1327-36), strikingly coincided with the perfection of rhythmic notation that spread from Paris and gave music its own machinery of time lengths.1. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for this passage?A. The Development of RhythmB. Time Measured.C. Notation and TimeD. Music and Civilization2. It can be inferred from the passage that before notation appeared ______.A. music was always renewed and could last only as long as memoryB. music presented people with three times at once: the now in which they heard it, the then in which it was made, and the further then of when the piece **posedC. polyphony had already been developed to such a degree that different melodies carried by different singers could form a coordinated harmonyD. music mostly was not improvised and was not dated with precision3. The author would most likely consider Western musicand the music of non-Western cultures as ______.A. respectively revolutionary and conservativeB. equal but distinctC. both homogeneous and heterogeneousD. illustrative of advancement and backwardness4. The passage states that ______.A. music and **plement each other and contradict each otherB. rhythmic notation appeared because human beings could tell time in a new wayC. notation appeared when musical works were no longer anonymous and non-datableD. the appearance of rhythmic notation manifests a new stage of human beings' quantitative method of thought5. Summarize the passage in 4 or 5 sentences.Passage BFrench toys: One could not find a better illustration of the fact that the adult Frenchman sees the child as another self. All the toys **monly sees are essentially a microcosm of the adult world; they are all reduced copies of human objects, as if in the eyes of the public the child was, all told, nothing but a smaller man, a homunculus to whom must be supplied objects of his own size.Invented forms are very rare : a few sets of blocks, which appeal to the spirit of do-it-yourself, are the only ones which offer dynamic forms. As for the others, French toys always mean something, and this something is always entirely socialized, constituted by the myths or the techniques of modern adult life: the army, broadcasting, the post office, medicine (miniature instrument-cases, operating theaters for dolls), school, hair styling (driers for permanent-waving), the air force (parachutists), transport (trains, Citroens, Vedettes, Vespas, petrol stations), science (Martian toys).The fact that French toys literally prefigure the world of adult functions obviously cannot but prepare the child to accept them all, by constituting for him, even before he can think about it, the alibi of a Nature which has at all times created soldiers, postmen, and Vespas. Toys here reveal the list of all the things the adult does not find unusual: war, bureaucracy, ugliness, Martians, etC. It is not so much, in fact, the imitation which is the sign of an abdication, as its literalness: French toys are like a Jivaro head, in which one recognizes, shrunken to the size of an apple, the wrinkles and hair of an adult. There exist, for instance, dolls which urinate; they have an esophagus, one gives them a bottle, they wet their nappies; soon, no doubt, milk will turn to water in their stomachs. This is meant to prepare the little girl for the causality of housekeeping, to "condition" her to her future role as mother. However, faced with this world of faithful **plicated objects, the child can only identify himself as owner, as user, never as creator; he does not invent the world, he uses it: There are, prepared for him, actions without adventure, without wonder, without joy. He is turnedinto a little stay-at-home householder who does not even have to invent the mainsprings of adult causality; they are supplied to him ready-made: He has only to help himself, he is never allowed to discover anything from start to finish. The merest set of blocks, provided it is not too refined, implies a very different learning of the world : Then, the child does not in any way create meaningful objects, it matters little to him whether they have an adult name; the actions he performs are not those of a user hut those of a demiurge. He creates forms which walk, which roll, he creates life, not property: Objects no, act by themselves, they are no longer an inert **plicated material in the palm of his hand. But such toys are rather rare : French toys are usually based on imitation, they are meant to produce children who are users, not creators.The bourgeois status of toys can be recognized not only in their forms, which are all functional, but also in their substances. Current toys are made of a graceless material, the product of chemistry, not of nature. Many are now molded **plicated mixtures; the plastic material of which they are made has an appearance at once gross and hygienic, it destroys all the pleasure, the sweetness, the humanity of touch. A sign which fills one with consternation is the gradual disappearance of wood, in spite of its being an ideal material because of its firmness and its softness, and the natural warmth of its touch. Wood removes, from all the forms which it supports, the wounding quality of angles which are too sharp, the chemical coldness of metal. When the child handles it and knocks it, it neither vibrates nor grates, it has a sound at once muffled and sharp. It is a familiar and poetic substance, which does not sever the child from close contact with the tree, the table, the floor. Wood does not wound or break down; it does not shatter, it wears out, it can last a long time, live with the child, alter little by little the relations between the object and the hand. If it dies, it is in dwindling, not in swelling out like those mechanical toys which disappear behind the hernia of a broken spring. Wood makes essential objects, objects for all time. Yet there hardly remain any of these wooden toys from the Yosges, these fretwork farms with their animals, which were only possible, it is true, in the days of the craftsman. Henceforth, toys are chemical in substance and color; their very material introduces one to a coenaesthesis of use, not pleasure. These toys die in fact very quickly, and once dead, they have no posthumous life for the child.6. In this passage, the author analyzes French toys for clues that reveal ______.A. how toys prevent children from getting access to social reality and being educated in earlier ways of lifeB. toys as barriers between the real cultural and ideological functions of toys and their functions of replicating natureC. how French toys in substance, form, and material reconfirms French values and ways of lifeD. toys as ideologically constituted signs loaded with the myths or traditions of modem adult life7. The passage is overall ______.A. informal and ironicB. critical yet sympatheticC. academic and philosophicD. observant and satiric8. By "It is not so much, in fact, the imitation which is the sign of an abdication, as its literalness" in paragraph 2, the author means to say that the ______ of French toys is the sign of an abdication.A. literarinessB. precisionC. verbatimD. verisimilitude9. The author of the passage believes that more ______ toys are less likely to carry the ideological signs of the culture and thus allow for more freedom and creativity on the part of the child.A. primitiveB. sophisticatedC. abstractD. elaborate10. According to the passage, in what ways are French toys problematic? Answer the question in 4 or 5 sentences.Passage CAmerican ethnocentricity, while manifest in general attitudes toward others is, of course, tempered somewhat by the very heterogeneity of the population that we have been examining. Thus, while there are the broad standard-expressed in the ways most Americans set goals for their children, organize their political lives, and think about their society in contrast to others-living in our racial and ethnic mosaic makes us more inclined to think in terms of layers or circles of familiarity. A black from Chicago feels and thinks very "American" in lago or Nairobi as does an Italian from Brooklyn when visiting relatives in Calabria or Sicily. But when they get home, they will generally reveal to feeling "black" in contrast to "white" and Italian in comparison to other Americans in their **munities.Ethnocentrism is found in political as well as in ethnic contexts. Much of the discussion of patriotism and loyalty is couched in language that reflects rather narrow culture-bound thinking. At various periods in our history this phenomenon has been particularly marked—we remind ourselves of the nativistic movements of the pre-Civil War period, of the anti-foreign organizations during the time of greatest immigration, and the McCarthyism of the early 1950s. During the McCarthy era there was a widespread attempt to impose the notion that anyone who had ever joined a Marxist study group, supported the Loyalists in the Spanish Civil War, or belonged to any one of a number of liberal organizations was "un-American. "It is clear that not only those "over the sea" are viewed (and view others) ethnocentrically. These distinctions between "they" and "we" exist within societies as well. In modern industrial societies most individuals belong to a wide array of social groups that differentiate them from others-familial, religious, occupational, recreational, and so on. Individuals are frequently caught in a web of conflicting allegiances. This situation is often surmounted by a hierarchicalranking of groups as referents for behavior. In most societies, including our own, the family is the primary reference group. As we have seen in the United States, ethnic or racial identity and religious affiliation are also relevant referents. Members of other ethnic, racial, and religious groups are often judged on the basis of how closely they conform to the standards of the group passing judgment.Thus, several studies have shown that in American society many whites holding Christian beliefs, who constitute both the statistical majority and the dominant group, rank minorities along a continuum of social acceptability. They rate members of minority groups in descending order in terms of how closely the latter approximate their image of "real Americans. " Early studies of "social distance" indicated that most ranked groups in the following manner: Protestants from Europe at the top, then, Irish Catholics, Iberians, Italians, Jews, Spanish-Americans, American-born Chinese and Japanese, blacks, and foreign-born Asians. A 1966 study suggested the following rank order: English, French, Swedes, Italians, Scots, Germans, Spaniards, Jews,Chinese, Russians, and blacks. While, over the years, most Americans generally have considered those of English or Canadian ancestry to be acceptable citizens, good neighbors, social equals, and desirable marriage partners, relatively few feel the same way about those who rank low in scales of social distance.There is an interesting correlate to this finding. Investigators have found that minority-group members themselves tend to accept the dominant group's ranking system—with one exception: each tends to put his or her own group at the top of the scale.Ranking is one characteristic of ethnocentric thinking: generalizing is another. The more another group differs from one's own, the more one is likely to generalize about its social characteristics and to hold oversimplified attitudes toward its members. When asked to describe our close friends, we are able to cite their idiosyncratic traits : we may distinguish among subtle differences of physiognomy, demeanor, intelligence, and interests. It becomes increasingly difficult to make the same careful evaluation of casual neighbors; it is almost impossible when we think of people we do not know at first-hand. Understandably, the general tendency is to assign strangers to available group categories that seem to be appropriate. Such labeling is evident in generalized images of "lazy" Indians, "furtive" Japanese, "passionate" Latins, and "penny-pinching" Scots.Ranking others according to one's own standards and categorizing them into generalized stereotypes together serve to widen the gap between "they" and "we." Freud has written that "in the undisguised antipathies and aversions which people feel toward strangers with whom they have to do we may recognize the expression of self-love—of narcissism," in sociological terms, a function of ethnocentric thinking is the enhancement of group cohesion. There is a close relationship between a high degree of ethnocentrism on the part of one group and an increase of antipathy toward others. This relationship tends to hold for ethnocentrism of both dominant and minority groups.11. The author of the passage means to say that ______.A. ethnocentrism is a psychological problemB. ethnocentrism exists parochiallyC. ethnocentrism varies in degree and intensity in different social groupsD. ethnocentrism is a universal phenomenon12. According to the passage, all of the following have ethnocentric implications except ______.A. nationalismB. family feudsC. class snobbishnessD. the Holocaust13. The author states that ______.A. the minority group tends to internalize the mainstream discriminatory ideasB. less space between and among people would prevent discriminationC. treating narcissism psychoanalytically would reduce the degree of ethnocentrismD. judging people from their point of view tends to remove ethnocentrism14. The disciplinary, background of the author is most likely to be ______.A. political scienceB. psychologyC. sociologyD. anthropology15. What ideas are behind the generalized image of "lazy" Indians? Answer the question in 4 or 5sentences.Passage DNearly a century ago, biologists found that if they separated an invertebrate animal embryo into two parts at an early stage of its life, it would survive and develop as two normal embryos. This led them to believe that the cells in the early embryo are undetermined in the sense that each cell has the potential to develop in a variety of different ways. Later biologists found that the situation was not so simple. It matters in which plane the embryo is cut. If it is cut in a plane different from the one used by the early investigators, it will not form two whole embryos.A debate arose over what exactly was happening. Which embryo cells are determined, just when do they become **mitted to their fates, and what are the "morphogenetic determinants" that tell a cell what to become? But the debate could not be resolved because no one was able to ask the crucial questions in a form in which they could be pursued productively. Recent discoveries in molecular biology, however, have opened up prospects for a resolution of the debate. Now investigators think they know at least some of the molecules that act as morphogenetic determinants in early development. They have been able to show that, in a sense, cell determination begins even before an egg is fertilized.Studying sea urchins, biologist Paul Gross found that an unfertilized egg contains substances that function as morphogenetic determinants. They are located in the cytoplasm of the egg cell; i.e., in that part of the cell's protoplasm that lies outside of the nucleus. In the unfertilized egg, the substances are inactive and are not distributed homogeneously. When the egg is fertilized, the substances become active and, presumable, govern the behavior of the genes they interact with. Since the substances are unevenly distributed in the egg, when the fertilized egg divides, the resulting cells are different from the start and so can be qualitatively different in their own gene activity.The substances that Gross studied are maternal messenger RNA's—products of certain of the maternal genes. He and other biologists studying a wide variety of organisms have found that these particular RNA's direct, in large part, the synthesis of histones, a class of proteins that bind to DNA. Once synthesized, the histones move into the cell nucleus, where sections of DNA wrap around them to form a structure that resembles beads, or knots, on a string. The beads are DNA segments wrapped around the histones; the string is the intervening DNA. And it is the structure of these beaded DNA strings that guides the fate of the cells in which they are located.16. The passage is most probably directed at which kind of audience?A. State legislators deciding about funding levels for a state-funded biological laboratory.B. Readers of an alumni newsletter published by the college that Paul Gross attendedC. Marine biologists studying the processes that give rise to new species.D. Undergraduate biology majors in molecular biology cours17. It can be inferred form the passage that the morphogenetic determinants present in the early embryo are ______.A. evenly distributed unless the embryo is not developing normallyB. inactive until the embryo cells become **mitted to their final functionC. identical to those that were already present in the unfertilized eggD. present in larger quantities thanis necessary for the development of a single individual。
[考研类试卷]2012年厦门大学英语专业(英美文学)真题试卷.doc
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[考研类试卷]2012年厦门大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷一、匹配题0 Match the authors or poets in Column I with the literary trends in Column II.(8 points)1)Modernism2)Imagism3)Romanticism4)Transcendentalism5)Pre-romanticism6)Realism7)Post-modernism8)Neo-classicism1 Henry David Thoreau2 George Gordon Byron3 Joseph Conrad4 Thomas Pynchon5 Amy Lowell6 Henry Fielding7 Henry James8 Thomas Gray二、名词解释9 Allegory10 avant-garde11 ballad12 Black Mountain poets13 Bloomsbury Group14 Eco-criticism三、评论题15 Pecola Breedlove(from: The Bluest Eye)16 Frederic Henry(from: A Farewell to Arms)17 Emma Woodhouse(from; Emma)18 Pip(from: Great Expectations)19 Yossarian(from; Catch-22)20 Quentin Compson(from; The Sound and the Fury)四、问答题21 The first half of the 18th century is called the Age of Pope. Why?22 Sinclair Lewis is the first American writer who got the Nobel Prize for Literature. Why do you think he deserve the prize?五、分析题23 Read the following poem and write a short essay based on the following questions in about 100 words.(8 points)I'm nobody by Emily Dickinson(1830 - 1886)I'm nobody, Who are you?Are you nobody too?Then there's a pair of us.Don't tell—they'd banish us, you know.How dreary to be somebody!How public—like a frog—To tell your name the livelong JuneTo an admiring bog.What, in your opinion is the theme of this poem?What is the meaning of each stanza? What is your attitude towards fame?。
2012年厦门大学翻译硕士(MTI)汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷(题后含
2012年厦门大学翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 4. 简答题5. 应用文写作8. 命题作文简答题1．英美陪审制度中，小陪审团的主要功能是什么?正确答案：英美陪审制度中，小陪审团主要负责审理，做出裁决，决定被告是否有罪。
2．请写出中国三大木版年画产地中的两个。
正确答案：中国三大木版年画产地为潍坊杨家埠与天津杨柳青、苏州桃花坞。
3．人体的呼吸系统由哪两部分组成?正确答案：人体的呼吸由呼吸道和肺两部分组成。
4．中国南宋著名学者“二陆”是谁?正确答案：陆九龄和陆九渊兄弟。
【知识链接】文学史上最著名的“二陆”是指西晋的陆机和陆云兄弟。
历史上其他的“二陆”包括南朝陈代陆瑜和陆琰、南宋陆九龄和陆九渊兄弟、宋陆细和陆传兄弟。
5．请写出有“新疆三宝”之称的新疆三大著名物产中的两个。
正确答案：新疆三宝一般认为是指哈密瓜、和田玉、吐鲁番葡萄。
6．中国古代书法家郑板桥独特的书体名称是什么?正确答案：郑板桥自创独特的书体，用隶书参以行楷，非隶非楷，非古非今，自称“六分半书”。
7．世界上最软和最硬的石头分别是什么?正确答案：世界上最软的石头是滑石，最硬的石头是金刚石。
8．世界上第一部茶叶专著《茶经》的作者是谁?正确答案：中国乃至世界现存最早、最完整、最全面介绍茶的第一部专著《茶经》的作者是唐代陆羽。
9．请列出两种专利类型。
正确答案：我国《专利法》规定的专利类型有三种：发明专利、实用新型专利、外观设计专利。
10．现任国际奥委会主席是谁?正确答案：现任国际奥委会主席是比利时人雅克.罗格。
11．世界上第一部成文法典的名称是什么?正确答案：历史上最早的一部成文法典是《乌尔纳姆法典》。
它是古代西亚乌尔第三王朝(约公元前2113—前2006年)创始者乌尔纳姆颁布的。
它适应奴隶制的发展，主要用来保护奴隶和私有制经济，镇压奴隶和贫民的反抗。
【知识链接】古巴比伦国王汉谟拉比颁布的法律汇编《汉谟拉比法典》是迄今世界上最早的一部完整保存下来的成文法典。
厦门大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2013年
厦门大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2013年(总分：150.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、(一)汉译英(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.全面建成小康社会（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：to establish an all-around affluent society2.安倍晋三（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Shinzo Abe3.翘尾因素（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：carryover effects4.中国围棋（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Chinese Go5.骑楼（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：sotto portico; arcade-house6.植入广告（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：product placement7.逆回购（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：reverse repurchase8.汽车单双号限行（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：even-odd license plate plan9.乱穿马路（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：jaywalking10.花旗银行（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Citibank11.两“非”(非法鉴别性别和非法终止妊娠)（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：illegal fetal sex testing and sex-selective abortions12.湄公河（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Mekong River13.松下电器（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Panasonic Corporation14.哈萨克斯坦（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Kazakhstan15.兵部尚书（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：minister of war三、(二)英译汉(总题数：15，分数：15.00)16.swing states（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：摇摆州(美国大选中的特有说法)17.poetic justice（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：善有善报，恶有恶报18.drone (军事用语)（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：无人驾驶飞机19.to scale back headcounts（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：缩减人员20.cheerleader（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：啦啦队队长21.skopos theory（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：目的论22.shopping spree（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：疯狂购物23.wailing wall（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：(犹太人的)哭墙24.call to collect（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：对方付费的电话25.TEU（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：国际标准货柜单位(twenty-foot equivalent unit)26.shale gas（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：页岩气27.plastic surgery（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：整形手术28.a storm in a teacup（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：小题大做29.windfall tax（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：暴利税30.quantitative easing（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：量化宽松四、语篇·英译汉(总题数：2，分数：60.00)31.Wars throughout history have been waged for conquest and plunder. In the Middle Ages when the feudal lords who inhabited the castles—whose towers may still be seen along the Rhine—concluded to enlarge their domains, to increase their power, their prestige and their wealth they declared war upon one another. But they themselves did not go to war any more than the modem feudal lords, the barons of Wall Street go to war.The feudal barons of the Middle Ages, the economic predecessors of the capitalists of our day, declared all wars. And their miserable serfs fought all the battles. The poor, ignorant serfshad been taught to revere their masters; to believe that when their masters declared war upon one another, it was their patriotic duty to fall upon one another and to cut one another"s throats for the profit and glory of the lords and barons who held them in contempt. And that is war in a nutshell. The master class has always declared the wars; the subject class has always fought the battles. The master class has had all to gain and nothing to lose, while the subject class has had nothing to gain and all to lose—especially their lives.（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：()解析：纵观历史，战争多是为了侵略和掠夺。