口译笔记入门

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口译范文入门知识点总结

口译范文入门知识点总结口译的基本知识点1. 口译种类口译种类主要包括交替口译和同声传译。

交替口译是指口译者在原讲话者讲完一小节之后，开始进行口译。

同声传译是指口译者在原讲话者讲话时，边听边口译。

同声传译通常在国际会议上使用。

2. 口译者的素质口译者需要具备良好的语言表达能力、信息处理能力、思维灵活性和跨文化交际能力。

口译者应该善于总结，接受训练和自我提高，努力完善自己的口译技能。

此外，口译者应该具备良好的心理素质，能够在复杂的环境中保持冷静、应对问题。

3. 口译的技术要求在进行口译时，口译者需要具备一定的技术要求，比如准确地理解源语言的意思并转换成目标语言的表达，同时保持原讲话者的语气和情感。

口译者还需具备整合语言和思维能力，能够在短时间内完成源语言和目标语言之间的转换。

另外，口译者还需要掌握一定的笔记技巧，以便在口译时能够有效地记录和提取信息。

口译的入门技巧和技能1. 提前准备口译员在进行口译之前应该提前准备，比如了解讲话的主题和背景知识，收集相关术语和词汇，以及熟悉使用的口译设备。

提前准备可以帮助口译员更好地理解讲话的内容，并准备好相应的译文。

2. 注重准确性和流畅度口译的最基本要求是准确性和流畅度。

口译员应该尽量准确地理解源语言的意思，并用流利的目标语言表达出来。

在口译过程中，口译员可以适当地用一些连接词和语气词来提高口译的流畅度，但要注意不要影响原讲话者的意思。

3. 控制好口译的速度口译员在进行口译时应该控制好口译的速度，既不要过快也不要过慢。

过快的口译速度容易导致口译员出错，过慢的口译速度则会影响听众对讲话内容的理解。

口译员可以在口译过程中适当地调整自己的速度，以适应原讲话者的语速和表达方式。

4. 主动寻求反馈和指导口译员在进行口译时应该主动寻求听众和同行的反馈和指导，不断改进自己的口译技巧和能力。

口译员还可以通过参加口译培训班和实践活动来提高自己的口译水平。

口译的难点和应对方法1. 跨文化交际难点口译中的一个难点是跨文化交际。

口译笔记

口译笔记↓下降/ 减少/ 退步(decrease/ diminish/ retreat/ decline/ recession) ↗逐步增加↑增加，上升，上报↘逐步下降，减少→向前发展= 等于, 相当于＞大过，超过，优越于＜少于，小于，比不上+ 还有,和,此外,而且,以及∵因为，由于∴所以，于是√正确，肯定/ 赞成(agree/ approve of )×错误，不行，没有‖停止，□国家□国内□•国外□/ □国家之间(between the two countries)？疑问，问题，试验性! 注意，警惕＆和、与=＞结论是·/一方面/·另一方面·/·关系*重要**非常、十分重要_____下划线表示强调°人┘过去└将来∶某某人说/ 陈述Δ代表gov = governmentedu = educationorg = organizationam = ante meridiem = before noonpm = post meridiem = [w]afternoonBA = Bachelor of ArtsBS = Bachelor of ScienceMA = Master of ArtsAMAP = as much as possibleDept = departmentProf = professoreg = for exampleetc. = et cetera = and so onie = that iscf = comparejr. = junior (大学三年级学生; 年少的; 初级的) Sr. = senior (大学四年级学生; 年长的; 高级的) dorm = dormitoryCEO = chief executive officercorp = corporationco. = companySH = shanghaiencl. = enclosed; enclosureL/C = letter of credit (信用证)mkt. = marketusu = usuallyesp = especiallystd = standardinvt (investment)respon (responsibility)ad (advertisement)dept (department)prodc (production)info (information)telcom (telecommunication)FAX = facsimilefig = figuresID = identity; identity cardIMPS = impossibleIMPT = importantIQ = intelligence quotientEQ = emotional quotientmin = minimummax = maximumtech = technologytel = telephoneTKS = thanksUN = United Nationsuniv = universityusu = usuallyVP = Vice Presidentwhich (cwhat (twhom (mwhen (ncannot kntN不同意Y同意U = Y ouUR = Y ourNo. = number1st = first2nd = second3rd = third4th = fourthpc = piece; personal computerPLS = pleaseProf = professorsch = schoolsci = sciencePh.D = Doctor of Philosophyp = pagepara = paragraph1 = Jan = January2 = Feb = February3 = Mar = March4 = Apr = April5 = May6 = Jun = June7 = Jul = July8 = Aug = August9 = Sept = September10 = Oct = October11 = Nov = November12 = Dec = December1 = Monday2 = Tuesday3 = Wednesday4 = Thursday5 = Friday6 = Saturday7 = Sundaykg = kilogram (千克；公斤)km = kilometer (公里)mm = millimetercm = centimetermph = mile per hour (每小时英里数; 车速)XL = extra large (特大号)GDP (gross domestic product)GNP (gross national product)SOE (state owned enterprise)JV (joint venture)FOB（free on board)CIF (cost, insurance, fright)BC = before ChristNPC（National People’s Congress全国人民代表大会）CPPCC（Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference中国政治协商会议）, GM（通用汽车公司)EU(欧洲联盟)APEC（亚太经济合作组织）中国人民（中人, C人）美国人民（美人, A人）中国政府（中gov）物质文明和精神文明（物神）国民经济发展指标（经标）可持续发展（可持）改革开放政策（改开）现代化（现H）常用速记符号大于＞小于＜小于或等于≢大于或等于≣等于、意味着=不等于≠约等于≈遗憾、悲哀;高兴、荣兴(错误、否、不、否定×正确、对、好、肯定√不同意N同意Y上升、增加↑下降、减少↓强、好＋更强、更好＋＋弱、差－更弱、更差――因为∵所以∴优秀★属于↔胜利V问题、疑问？和、与＆结论是=＞促进、发展↗国家□国与国□/□原因←导致、结果→对立、冲突><波折＜＜会议、会面⊙进入∩接触、交往∞分歧⊥非常、十分重要**坚持≡关键！奇观!有关@替换为∽但是‖与……比较而言∥空洞○代表△口译成功与否在很大程度上取决于译员在口译表达前对感知的信息进行记录的能力。

口译笔记法

口译笔记法
口译笔记法是一种在口译过程中用于帮助记忆、组织和理解翻译内容的技巧。

以下是一些口译笔记法的基本要点:
1. 记关键词和短语：在口译过程中，由于时间紧迫，我们无法
记住所有的细节和信息。

因此，我们应该只记录关键词和短语，以便在口译结束后再回来查看。

2. 使用符号和缩写：符号和缩写可以更快地记录和记忆信息。

例如，“e.g.”代表“例如”,“w/”代表“with”等等。

3. 用图像或符号表示流程：在口译过程中，有时需要描述流程
或结构。

使用图像或符号可以更直观地表示这些信息，有助于记忆和理解。

4. 记录口译过程中的变化：在口译过程中，我们需要记录发生
变化的信息，例如数字、日期、地点等。

这些信息可以帮助我们在口译结束后更快地回忆和理解翻译内容。

5. 使用顺序记忆法：在口译过程中，我们可以使用顺序记忆法，即按照信息的顺序来记忆翻译内容。

这有助于我们更好地组织翻译内容，并减少记忆错误的风险。

总结起来，口译笔记法只是一种辅助技巧，我们不能依赖它来完全记住所有的信息。

我们应该更加注重口译过程中的记忆和思维能力，以便更好地完成翻译任务。

口译初学入门知识点总结

口译初学入门知识点总结一、口译的基本概念口译是指在一言语文化圈内，将一种语言的口头表达翻译成另一种语言的口头表达的过程。

口译可以分为同声传译和交替传译两种形式。

同声传译是指译员在听到讲话的同时也在翻译，通常用于会议、演讲等场合；交替传译是在发言结束后进行翻译，常用于商务洽谈、庭审等场合。

二、口译的基本技能1. 语言能力口译译员首先需要具备良好的语言能力，包括听、说、读、写四方面。

他们需要能够准确理解源语言的内容，并能够用流利、准确的语言表达将其翻译成目标语言。

2. 文化素养口译译员还需要具备丰富的文化知识和跨文化交际能力。

不同的语言背后承载着不同的文化，了解这些文化差异有助于译员更好地理解和翻译源语言的内容。

3. 逻辑思维能力口译译员需要具备良好的逻辑思维能力和分析能力，能够在短时间内准确理解源语言的含义，并快速地将其翻译成目标语言。

这需要译员具备较强的应变能力和决策能力。

4. 职业操守口译译员需要具备良好的职业操守和职业道德，严守译员的中立和客观原则，不参与原文句子的内容。

三、口译的基本原则1. 忠实原则口译译员必须忠实于原文，完整、准确地翻译源语言的内容，不能随意删减或增加内容，也不能修改内容的意义。

2. 通顺原则口译译员翻译的内容必须通顺，符合目标语言的语法规则和表达习惯，让听众能够理解和接受。

3. 流畅原则口译译员需要在翻译中保持语速和语调的流畅和自然，让听众有一种顺利理解的感觉。

4. 原文风格原则口译译员需要尽量保持原文的风格和语气，能够忠实地表达出原文的语境和情感。

四、口译的常见技巧1. 记笔记口译译员需要在听完一段内容后迅速记录重要的信息，以便于在翻译时参考。

这需要译员具备较强的听写能力和记忆能力。

2. 听辩分析口译译员需要具备快速的听力和辨别能力，能够在一瞬间迅速理解源语言的内容，并做出快速准确的翻译。

3. 转换思维口译译员需要在听到源语言的内容后迅速转换思维，将其翻译成目标语言并表达出来。

第六讲_口译笔记2

笔记法的四大原则
记录的是重点信息，而非原文可采用“慢半句”的节奏记录信息
口译笔记的一般安排
1.采用纵向、阶梯式结构 2.结构宽松，分多行 3.左右各自空出一定的边距 4.横线明确结束
Suggested formats of notetaking
口译笔记的基本技巧
➢ 利用线条回指重复出现的信息 ➢ 用少的汉字笔画表示完整的意义 ➢ 用缩略词如 eco 表示 economy, tks 表示
Notes
入WTO 中改开→新 era
加WTO 改开req √中利∥
Example 7
As I understand, there is a big deficit between the US and China and between US and Japan. Would you explain whether there is difference between the two kinds of trade deficits, and what the US policies towards the two different kinds of trade deficits are? We think you adopt kind of double standard to these deficits.
Notes
中US 建交经贸↑ +经发←影 1、双边贸↑：94底US→中3 贸伙（HK
日）中→US7 大
2、 us →中投↑ 94底项 14，189个协 169亿＄实 63 亿∥
Example 6
After the accession to the WTO, China’s reform and opening up will enter a new historic era. Joining the WTO is the requirement of our reform and opening up which is in the fundamental interest of China.

口译小白入门知识点总结

口译小白入门知识点总结一、语言能力1. 语言功底：口译员需要精通两种及以上的语言，包括源语言和目标语言。

对源语言和目标语言的文法、词汇、语法等方面都要有较深的理解和掌握。

2. 发音准确：口译员需要具备标准的语音和发音，以便听力和口译时准确地传递信息。

3. 词汇量丰富：口译员要掌握丰富的词汇量，包括日常用语、专业名词、行业术语等，以便在不同领域的口译中能够应对自如。

二、文化素养1. 文化背景了解：口译员需要了解源语言和目标语言国家或地区的文化、历史、风俗习惯等，以便更好地理解并传达对方的表达意图。

2. 文化敏感度：口译员需要具备对多种文化的敏感度和包容心，避免因文化差异造成误解或冲突。

三、专业知识1. 行业知识：口译员需要具备相关领域的专业知识，包括医学、法律、商业、科技等，以便在相关领域的口译中能够准确理解和传达信息。

2. 当地资讯：口译员需要及时了解当地的政治、经济、社会等最新资讯，以便在口译中准确地使用当地的信息和术语。

四、听力技巧1. 专注力和耐心：口译员需要保持高度的专注和耐心，以便在长时间的听力过程中准确地捕捉和理解对方的表达意图。

2. 笔记技巧：口译员需要具备良好的笔记技巧，以便在听力过程中及时记录重要信息，为口译提供便利。

五、口译技巧1. 表达流畅：口译员需要具备流利的口语表达能力，以便准确地将源语言信息转换成目标语言的口语表达。

2. 逻辑清晰：口译员需要保持逻辑清晰，以便在口译过程中准确地传达信息的逻辑结构和思维方式。

六、心理素质1. 压力抗性：口译员需要具备较强的压力抗性，在工作中能够应对各种压力和挑战。

2. 自我调节：口译员需要能够在工作中保持良好的心态，及时调节情绪，以确保口译质量和效果。

七、实践经验1. 多练习：口译是一项需要不断练习和积累经验的技能，口译员需要通过大量的实践来提高自己的口译能力。

2. 反思总结：口译员需要在工作中及时总结和反思，不断提高自己的口译水平和工作效率。

英语口译笔记法整理

2.、标点符号4,、箭头符号进行英语口译时，大家可能常会用到一些缩略词做一些简单的笔记。

这里为大家总结了较全的缩略词，首先为大家介绍的是缩略词A—Cacc = account, accountantacdg = accordingacpt = acceptad = advertisementadm = administrationads = addressadv = adviceagr = agricultureagt = agentalt = altitudea.m. = ante meridiem = before noon AMAP = as much as possibleamb = ambassadoramt = amount anal = analysisanc = ancientanon = anonymousans = answerapp = appendixApr = Aprilapt = apartmentarch = architecturearr = arrive; arrivalASAP = as soon as possible ass = assistant; associationat = atmosphere; atomicatt = attorney; attentionAug = Augustaux = auxiliaryav = averageave = avenuea.w.l. = absent with leave (准假)a.w.o.l. = absent without official leave (无故缺席)B.A. = Bachelor of Artsbal = balanceB.C. = before Christbd = boardbdl = bundlebk = bank; bookbkts = basketsB/L = bill of lading (提单)BLDG = buildingbp = birthplacebr = branch; brotherB.S. = Bachelor of Sciencebu = bureau C = capacity; century; chapter; centigrade; cost; city; centercal = calendar; caliber; caloriescap = capital; captaincat = catalogcc = carbon copy (复印件；抄送) CEO = chief executive officercert = certificateCFM = confirmcncl = cancelcp. = comparecit = citizenciv = civil; civilizationclk = clerkcml = commercialco. = companyc/o = care of(转交)col = college; colorcom = commentary; common; communication; communitycomm = commissioncomp = complete; computer; competitioncon = conclusion; againstcond = conditioncont. = continent; continuedcorp = corporationcust = customer; custom; customs上文我们为大家总结了英语口译缩略词A—C的内容，这里为大家总结的英语口译笔记常用缩略词区间段D—K 的词汇。

日语CATTI口译备考之笔记篇

日语CATTI口译备考之笔记篇口译备考第一点还是翻译能力，对于翻译内容，如果笔译尚不能翻译(先不论质量好坏)，那么一般而言口译是翻译不出来的，即“看着都不会，听和说则更不会”。

备考全程要配合瞬时记忆和口译笔记的练习，很多人都有这样一个感受——听的时候感觉会，但是听完感觉全忘了(结果：初学时，往往感觉同传比交传容易)。

有时候初学口译笔记，还会有第二个感受——纯听都比边记边听记住的多。

针对第一个感受：加强瞬时记忆的能力，尤其是针对内容的逻辑部分，当然前提是听懂，不懂则不属于记忆问题。

训练：先练习听完一句(听懂)并能复述大意的程度，之后逐渐递增。

练习到听完4~5句能复述大意的程度，一般可以满足二口考试要求。

针对第二个问题：这往往是初学时的感受，记录口译笔记，主要还是侧重“脑记”，手写笔记为辅。

初学时往往注意力会集中在“笔头上”。

所以要通过练习，使自己的注意力在“分析内容和理解上”，笔头上只是“近似下意识”的写出。

前提是，对于自己的口译符号一定要熟悉，不然还在思考自己的符号，就谈不上及时记录了。

下面说一个误区与备考和考场上的对策。

一、口译笔记不同于“速记”① 记录的目的不同很多人以为口译笔记就是速记。

实际上，口译笔记不同于“速记”，“速记”是用专门的速记符号去“一个字不差的记录”，事后再通过阅读速记符号速记员的注意力一般都在“记录”上，其一般不会考虑发言的内容逻辑、如何输出、如何处理，口译员则不同，在记录时要时刻把握文脉逻辑、考虑如何输出。

② 书写方式不同速记一般是用速记符号(很像蝌蚪文)“一个字不差的记录”，而口译笔记一般就是“逻辑、数字、各种要点”，另外口译记录不要像我们平时书写那样——从左至右，写完一行换行，而是应该按“逻辑和意群”，记完一个“意群”就换行(竖着换行)。

纵向换行的目的：便于查看信息，因为完全从左往右记录，在翻译时调动的视线过大，而按意群纵向换行，则会比较直观。

平时练习和考试时的应用(重要)平时练习时，若使用A4纸，可将A4纸对折，这样在纸上，就把习惯横向书写的毛病给限制了。

口译2-1 口译笔记

缩略和符号：口译笔记中的缩略和符号书写原则应该是好写、易认、意义明确。

1）缩略abbreviation写下的缩略语应该是一个意群里的中心词，使用缩略主要有以下几种情况：常用词缩略：BJ gov.专有名词缩略：NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) SOE (state-owned enterprise)固定短语：ASAP缩略方法：拿掉所有元音mkt msg rcv保留前几个字母info prof ins保留开头与结尾的发音字母wk rm根据发音r u ok? Tho thr 3Q2）符号symbol口译笔记中的符号可以是笔记法专用符号、习惯俗成符号、临时符号等。

使用符号的情况：常用词：□国家，○世界，h主席逻辑关联词：﹥﹤∵∴∈→符号的来源：数学符号：+ - = ≈箭头：→←↑↓↗↘标点符号：？！：象形符号：：）表意符号：&格式和结构：纵向：verticality 上下安排，多分行，每行一个意群，易于快速读取，不费眼神。

缩进：shift / indentation 对角线式，体现主从关系。

叠加：superposition 列举时每项一行，然后用竖线或大括号连接，体现并列关系。

留空：margin 左侧空白写关联词，右侧补充信息。

分隔：division 一段意思结束用横线或双斜线隔开，区分段落；一段话讲完或译完用横线隔开，区分新旧内容。

关联：linking 用线条或箭头关联逻辑相关的信息或指代前文提到的内容。

口译中经常使用的缩略词、字母、图像以及数学符号：1、缩略词APT ApartmentACC AccountantACDG AccordingACPT AcceptAD AdvertisementADS AddressAMAP As much/many as possible AMT AmountAPV ApproveASAP As soon as possibleBAL BalanceBLDG BuildingCERT CertificateCFM ConformCNCL CancelCNF ConferenceCMI CommissionCMP CompleteCMPE Compete/competitiveCMU CommunicationCONC Concern/concerning/concerned COND ConditionCO. CompanyDEPT DepartmentDISC DiscountDPT DepartureEXCH ExchangeEXPLN ExplainEXT ExtentFLT FlightFNT FinalFRT FreightFYR For your referenceGD GoodGUAR GuaranteeH.O. Home officeINFO InformationIMPS ImpossibleIMP(T) ImportantINCD IncludeINDIV IndividualINS InsuranceINTST InterestedI/O In stead ofIOU I owe youIVO In view ofMANUF ManufactureMDL ModelMEMO MemorandumMIN MinimumMKT MarketMSG Message NCRY Necessary NLT No later than OBS ObserveOBT ObtainORD OrdinaryPAT PatentPC PiecePKG PackingPL PeoplePLS PleasePOSN Position POSS(BL) Possible PROD Product QLTY Quality QUTY Quantity RCV ReceiveREF Reference REGL RegularREP Representative RESN Reservation RPT Repeat RESPON Responsible SEC SectionSITN SituationSTD StandardTEL Telephone TEMP Temporary TGM Telegraph THO ThoughTKS ThanksTRD TradeTRF TrafficTTL TotalU YouUR YourWK WeekWL WillWT WeightXL Extra large2、字母、图像⊙圆圈表示一个圆桌，中间一点表示一盆花，这个符号就可以表示会议、开会等：meeting，conference，negotiation，seminar，discussion，symposiumO 圆圈代表地球，横线表示赤道，所以这个符号就可以表示国际的、世界的、全球的等: international, worldwide, global, universal, etc.J 表示开心：pleasant, joyful，happy，excited, etc.L 表示不满、生气unsatisfied, discomfort, angry, sad, etc.EO 表示听到、总所周之：as we all know, as is known to all, as you have already heard of, etc. O 表示漠不关心、无动于衷：indifferent, apathetic, unconcern, don't care much, etc.Z 表示"人"people/person，因为"Z"看上去像个人头，它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。

口译笔记入门

Paragraph 1

ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Personally, I believe China needs to pay attention to the following areas. One, we must provide guidance more forcefully using economic and legal means in the property development market, to restrict blind development in up-market properties, and to promote the construction of economical and practical properties. Two, we must monitor international as well as domestic economic development closely so as to able to respond quickly.
Paragraph 1

Three, we must strengthen the regulation of the automobile and steel industries, reining in low-grade repetitive construction and disorderly competition. We need to stop overheating in some sectors from spreading while at the same time encouraging rational elements in our economic growth. This is an issue of maintaining the right balance.

第一步：口译笔记8种形式与6大要点整理

• 2. 少字多意。养成一个词的笔记不超过一个字的习惯。中文里有大量的词汇是由两个，或两个以上的字组成。养成只要看到其中一个，你的短期记忆就应该能够补齐其余的字 • 比如，“中国”最多写个“中”。“北京” 最多写个“北”。英文词也同理处理。 “politics” 最多写“poli”，“government”最多写“gov”，等等。 • 另外，需要培养以笔记与记忆互动；看到一个字能说出几个字，甚至一串词的能力。在有上下文的情况下，这不难。比如，谈中国的近况，听到"改革，开放"记一个"改"字，不难从短期记忆中说出原文。听到"British Prime Minister Tony Blair"，记"PM"，也同样
• • • • •
2. Punctuation marks “：” indicates the relation between the speaker and his opinion “?” indicates a sentence or an idea in the interrogative “!” indicates something important or something that should be paid attention to “…” indicates the speaker intends to omit some points.
• •
• • •
4. Arrows and reference lines “→” refers to sending to, submitting to, exporting to , leading to, transmitting to, talking to “←” refers to coming back, receiving from, importing from “↑” refers to increase, to develop, to upgrade or to be promoted “↓” refers to decrease, to diminish, to deteriorate or to be ousted from the post

口译课堂笔记

口译课堂笔记1998年城镇居民的收入和消费水平发生了很大的变化，人年均收入达到5160元，比上一年上升了3.4%。

In 1998, great changes took place in the income and consumption levels of urban residents. The yearly average income amounted to 5,160 yuan, increased by 3.4% than that of the previous year.工人和职员在国营和集体企业里的收入仍是家庭的主要收入。

从事科技工作的收入在全国12个主要行业中居第二位。

他们的教育水平越高，收入也相应增加。

Incomes of workers and staff members in the state-owned enterprises and collective work-units are still the mainstay of families' income. The income of scientific and technology researchers stood second in 12 main trades in the country. Their incomes increase according to their education level.最近几年，城镇居民消费结构由温饱型向小康型转变。

1998年在服装上支出降低了4.4%，食品的质量有了提高，粮食消费相应降低。

生活节奏的加快促使了餐饮的社会化，98年居民外出用餐的比例上升了10.4%。

In recent years, the consumption pattern of urban residents has transformed from subsistence to a comfortable life. For instance, in 1998, the money spent on clothing was 4.4 percent less and the quality of food was improved while the consumption of grain relatively reduced. The accelerating rhythm of life has encouraged more socialization in food consumption. In 1998, the rate of people dining out increased by 10.4%.浦东新区的崛起使这块黄金宝地成为海外投资的热点，如今投资金额已达530亿美金。

口译笔记方法

“C×”中的“×”表示反对，字母“C”将反
对的概念缩小为
速记字母举例
W • W 表示工作，职业: work, employ 等。它是work的第
一个字母。所以W 就可以用来表示worker, (而Z在字母上方表示employer, 在字母下方表示 employee)。 • i 表示工业: industry, industrial 字母i 像只烟囱，所以用来可以用来表示工业。
sb., certain/affirmative
• //
表示“结束”：end, stop, halt, bring sth. to a
standstill/stop。
速记数字符号举例
• + :表示“多”，many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of , a host of 2 • ++/+ : 表示“多”的比较级，more 3 • + : 表示“多”的最高级，most • －: 表示“少”，little, few, lack, short of/have a shortage
• 1.拿掉所有元音 , STD--- standard
• 2.保留前几个字母, INF---information • 3.保留开头和结尾个发音字母 WK---week
• 4.根据发音, R--- are
方法举例
• 拿掉所有元音
MKT: market
MGR: manager
MSG: message STD: standard
R are THO though THRU through
较长单词的处理
• -ism 简写为 m 例如：socialism Sm -tion 简简写为 n 例如：standardization (标准化) stdn -cian 简简写为 o 例如：technician techo -ing 简写为 g 例如：marketing (市场营销) MKTg -ed 简写为 d 例如：accepted acptd -able/ible/ble 简写为 bl 例如：available avbl -ment 简写为 mt 例如：amendment amdmt -ize 简写为 z 例如：recognize regz -ful 简写为 fl 例如：meaningful mnfl

口译1,2笔记

潜在市场protencial market 规范市场秩序regulate market order以……为代价at the cost of更新update升级upgrade社会保障制度Social security system下岗工人laid off workers 不平衡inbalance国企SOES私企privated enterprises治标治本seek bothtemporary and permenant solutions重点在于后一个with our emphasis on the later发展经济不能以破坏环境为代价We should develop our economy at the price of enviroment.稳定性stability产量output差距gap贫困线property level中国经济为以增加的外商投资和贸易敞开了大门Opening economy to increased investment and trade显著收入差距mark income gap我们需要先进的科技，更新经济结构调整国家和企业之间的关系Reajust the relationship between the enterprise and the state.At present, there is a gap between the rural and urbanareas.We must improve the farmer’s life as soon as possible.Some state owned enterprises have difficulties in production and operation, so we must speed up the reform on SOES.中国正全面建设小康，加快社会主义现代化进程China is building a moderately prosperisty society and speed upsocialist modernazation process throughout the nation.我们必须在全社会形成以诚信为本操守为重的良好风尚It is necessary to form moral values based on honesty and moral integraty. 中国进一步发展经济，扩大开放，为外国企业提供了无限商机China’s further developing economy and furtheropening has provide boundless comercial opertunities for foreign enterprises.几年后，我们将从现在全球贸易国第七位上升到第三位In several years ,China will rise from the seventh largest country in international trade to the third largest.减轻税收负担relieve the tax burden自从我们公司进入中国以来，分公司大量培养了以地方人才作为我们公司的领导团队All of the businesses in China have develop tremendous leadingship teams of local talent since we enter the country.外资机构经营人名币业务，包括人名币投资Today foreign institute are allowed to manage RMB transtions , includinginvesting in RMB securities. 对于任何国家，首要任务是平衡改革，发展稳定For any countries , the first priority is properly balance reform ,development stability.。

英语口译笔记

口译课堂PPTWhat’s interpretation?“Interpretation is a communication process, designed to reveal meanings and relationships of our cultural and natural heritage-Interpretation CanadaIt should be stressed that interpretive communication is not simply presenting information, but a specific communication strategy that is used to translate that information for people, from the technical language of the expert, to the everyday language of the visitor.The classification of interpretation1.Working characteristics:Consecutive interpretation 即席翻译Simultaneous interpretation 同声传译2.Different domains: politics、social、law、culture、diplomatic etc.The basic requirements of interpretation1.Listening&speaking competence2.Translation competence （vocabulary, grammar, sentence, pattern, etc.）3.Connection: smart response ability through hard trainingThe process of interpretationInterpret (processing of information)解译The standards of interpretation1.“accuracy” is the cornerstone of interpretation2.“smoothness” is the life of interpretation3.“Fluency” is the sign of good qualityProfessional codes of conduct for interpretationEach profession has its generally accepted codes of conduct and professional ethics, and so do interpreters.The interpreter must know his professional ethics well and abide by them for the fulfillment of a successful career in interpreting.The highest standards of international interpreting mean that the interpreter is always professional, keeps confident, is objective, does not interfere with the exchange of information, and has the respect and trust of both parties in the dialogue. The highest praise for the personalinternational figures is that nobody has notices their presence.1.Professional confidenceThe interpreter has the obligation never to release any secret which he/she has come to know through the performance of his work. This is extremely important.2.Sufficient preparationAs early as possible before an assignment, the interpreter should acquire a very complete file of the documents which will come up for discussion both in the source language and in the target language.1) Advanced preparationBefore the meeting, the interpreter should ask the conference organizer to provide a full set of documents, which include the conference programmer, list of participants, background information about the conference, and most important, documents on the content of the conference (including drafts of papers to be read or presented, abstracts, etc.)Briefings are potentially a very useful part of advanced preparation. They are meetings organized for the interpreter, with the participation of the organizer and experts in the field. At the briefing, general information is given to the interpreter, who can ask specific questions, generally on concepts and terminology.2) Last minute preparationFor organizational reasons, the conference documents are not always available before the conference.Sometimes, many documents are only available at the very last moment, yet a acquisition may revolve around them. The interpreter should be ready to deal with the situation.3) In-conference preparationMuch information is gained during the conference itself, partly through documents which are only handed out after the meeting has started, partly through conversation with participants during break, and partly through the content of presentations and discussions.3. Conference-room mannerIn meetings, the interpreter should match the general average in dress an thus be inconspicuous.4. Personal qualifications and assignmentsIt is the responsibility of the interpreter to find out about the exact character of an assignment before accepting it.5. Doubts and mistakesOn some occasions, particularly in technical discussion, the interpreter will come across words for which he/she does not know the right translation. In this situation, he/she should tryto give a clear paraphrase to explain it. If this cannot be done, he/she should be frank to admit his/she ignorance and try to seek help from whatever source available.If the interpreter makes a mistake, he/she should correct it immediately without feeling shy or worrying about losing face. If the speaker or a listener corrects a mistake made by the interpreter, the interpreter should always be ready to accept the correction, apologize and thank briefly. Even when the corrections are wrong, the interpreter should remain polite and explain later instead of embarking on a discussion.6. Maintain professional confidentialityThe interpreter’s work often makes him/her the unwanted and unavoidable sharer of secrets belongings to groups or individuals in international gatherings. Not only should the interpreter never intentionally discuss or volunteer information about sensitive material that he/she has had access to in work, but the interpreter should also take the greatest care to leak out apparently harmless which might be highly sensitive in some quarters.第一讲：口译技能训练之公共场合讲话Public SpeakingIn interpreting, the interpreter transmits the message through spoken language, which is spontaneous, instantaneous, and ephemeral. Spontaneity arises from the need to interpret as one hears the source message, and the interpretation is instantaneous in the sense that there is little time to prepare. Everything which is said is ephemeral: there is little possibility of a playback or analysis. Therefore clarity is essential so that the listeners have the maximum chance of understanding what the interpreter says.The interpreter should make a point of making his voice carry well so that the audience-even those sitting at the back of a large meeting room-can hear clearly.Voice Projection (some tips)1)Speak with a clear, firm voice, the first few sentences are especially important to convey assurance to your audience;2)Be clearly intelligible at all times; pronounce proper names and titles especially carefully;3)Don’t “orate”, but do sound natural and sincere;4)Use the first person singular;5)Talk to your audience”personally” and keep contact with them at all times;6)Watch the reaction of the audience to what you say;7)Be friendly toward your audience, be interested in your subject;8)Don’t frown;9)Don’t grimace, even if you make mistakes.Speed of deliveryPublic speaking for an interpreter means that you have to maintain the interest of the audience,who are hearing a text twice, once in a version which they cannot understand. You must engage their attention, and one method is to vary your speed of delivery.More tips:1)Don’t talk faster than 160 words a minute or slower than 90 words a minute;2)Keep your rate of delivery constantly changing;3)Don’t be monotonous in your delivery;4)Change your pace or speed in response to the audience’s reactions;5)Allow space for applause, laughter, or interruptions;6)Keep eye contact with the audience.第二讲：口译技能训练之记忆训练Memory trainingThe importance of a good memory in interpretingThe ability to process information is an essential part of successful interpreting. The ability to listen, comprehend, and retain information is necessary for processing information. Theory:As Wolfgang Zoelke pointed out in his popular work, Conditioning your memory, “Memory is no local function in the brain and definitely not a type of container. Memory is rather the entire body of thought which you retain,” and “memory is the lasting functioning of many mechanical, sensory, mental and physical moments.”Short-term Memory:The duration of STM is very short. It is up 6 to 30 seconds. Memory in interpreting only lasts for a short time. Once the interpreting assignment is over, the interpreter moves on to another one, often with different context, subject and speakers.Long-term Memory:Long-term Memory occurs when you have created neural pathways for storing ideas and information which can then be recalled weeks, months, or even years later. To create these pathways, you must make a deliberate attempt to encode the information in the way you intend to recall it later. Long-term memory is a learning process. And it is essentially an important part of the interpreter’s acquisition of knowledge, because information stored in LTM may last for minutes to weeks, months, or even an entire life.Short-term memory trainingShadowing 影子练习ParrotingChinese Whispers Simultaneous shadowing Lagging shadowing Multi-taskingLong-term memory trainingInformation-VisualizationThis is to visualize what the speaker is saying in interpretation. It is applicable to the retaining of information in such speech types as narration, description and introduction.Encoding, storage and retrievalCategorization, generalization and comparison提纲式记忆指译员充分利用语篇的基本结构及其主要意义间的联系，把源语材料内容当做提纲或框架来处理。

口译入门笔记法

口译入门笔记法口译笔记法是口译员在进行口译时常用的一种辅助记忆和理解的方法。

以下是一些口译入门笔记法的基本原则和技巧：1. 简洁明了：笔记应该简洁明了，不要写下完整的句子，而是写下关键词、短语或缩写，以便快速回忆和理解。

2. 符号和缩写：使用符号和缩写可以帮助你更快地记录信息。

例如，用“&”表示“和”，用“+”表示“加”，用“=”表示“等于”等。

3. 分区记录：将笔记分为不同的区域，例如左侧记录发言人的讲话内容，右侧记录自己的翻译或理解。

4. 纵向记录：将笔记按照纵向排列，这样可以更清晰地看到信息之间的逻辑关系。

5. 重点突出：在笔记中突出重点信息，例如使用下划线、加粗或不同颜色的笔来标注重要的词汇或短语。

6. 练习记忆：在记录笔记的同时，也要尽量练习记忆，以便在没有笔记的情况下也能进行口译。

需要注意的是，口译笔记法只是一种辅助记忆和理解的方法，不能完全依赖笔记。

在进行口译时，还需要依靠自己的语言能力、听力理解和反应速度等方面的素质。

当然可以，以下是一些具体的口译笔记示例：1. 符号和缩写：- 使用符号“/”表示“或者”，例如“China/US”表示“中国或美国”。

- 使用缩写“WTO”表示“世界贸易组织”，“GDP”表示“国内生产总值”。

2. 分区记录：- 将笔记分为左右两个区域，左侧记录发言人的讲话内容，右侧记录自己的翻译或理解。

- 在左侧区域中，可以使用纵向排列的方式记录信息，例如“经济发展/环境保护”。

- 在右侧区域中，可以写下自己的翻译“Economic development/Environmental protection”。

3. 重点突出：- 使用下划线、加粗或不同颜色的笔来标注重要的词汇或短语，例如“全球化”、“可持续发展”等。

- 可以使用箭头或其他符号来表示信息之间的逻辑关系，例如“因为-所以”、“虽然-但是”等。

需要注意的是，口译笔记法是一种辅助记忆和理解的方法，不能完全依赖笔记。

英语口译入门-笔记

一、口译笔记的符号系统和缩略语语言是一个符号系统（包括文字符号）。

用各种符号作记录，概括性强、重点突出、一目了然。

学习一些常规口译笔记中经常使用的符号与缩写词是很有好处的。

在此基础上，每个人也可以形成一套自己常用的、熟悉的、有效的笔记系统。

下面归纳几种相对固定的符号和简写形式，供大家在练习和实践中参考。

（一）箭头“→”表示到达、传达：go into，arrive at，give to，send to，present to, etc. 导致、引导：lead to, result in, in the direction of, etc.“←”表示来自于：be/come from，return，receive from, etc. 追溯到：come/go back to，originate in, etc.“↑”表示上升：up/upward/rise，increase，arise，ascend, etc. 发射、起飞、升空：launch，ascend, skyrocket, etc.发展、加强、推进：develop，strengthen，promote, etc.“↓”表示向下、下降：down/downward/drop, decrease, jump, etc. 减少、恶化：reduce, deteriorate, go down, etc.（二) 数学符号“+”表示和、还有、另外、加上、多：and, in addition to, furthermore, many, lots of, etc.“－”表示减少、除去、少：minus, lack, in short of, little, few, etc.“×”表示错误、没有、反对、冲突：wrong, something bad, negative, conflict, confrontation, etc.“＞”表示大于、超过、多于：greater, larger or more than, better than, surpass, more and more, etc.“<”表示小于、不如、次于、比不上：smaller than, fewer/less than, worse than, inferior to, etc.“=”表示等于、相当于、一样：the same as，that is to say，in other words，be equal to, etc. 对手：match/rival/competitor, counterpart.“≠”表示不等于、不同：not equal to, be different from, etc.“≈”表示大约、左右：about/around，or so，approximately, etc.“∵”表示由于、因为：because, as, due to, thanks to, owing to, etc.“∴”表示所以、因此、因而、结果：so, therefore, as a result, consequently, etc.（三) 标点符号“：” 表示说：say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc. 意见、观点、主意：opinion, idea, viewpoint, etc.“?” 表示问题：question，issue，problem, etc.“．”点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样：“．d”表示yesterday，“．y"表示last year，“．2m”表示two months ago，“y”表示this year，“y2．”表示two years later/in two years，“next week”，可以表示为“wk．”“（）” 表示在……之间：among, within, etc.（四) 其它符号“√” 表示好：right/good，famous/well-known，etc. 同意：stand up for，support，agree with somebody, certain/ affirmative, etc.“& ” 表示和、与：and，together with，along with，accompany，along with，further more，etc.“☆” 表示重要的、杰出的、优秀的、榜样：important，best，outstanding，brilliant，model, etc.“∥” 表示结束：end，stop，halt，bring something to a standstill/stop, etc.“°”表示人、者：person, people, 如经济学家可以表示为“经°”，中国人可以表示为“中°”，etc.“⊙”表示会议、讨论、谈判：meeting, seminar, discussion, negotiation, etc.“♂”表示男人：man, male, boy, etc.“♀”表示女人：woman, female, girl, etc.“□”表示国家：country, state, nation, etc.“△”表示代表：represent, on behalf of, etc.“∽”表示交流、交换、替代、相互：exchange, mutual, each other, communication, replace, etc.（五) 缩略词英语缩写词的写法一般有以下几种：∙拿掉所有元音。

口译课堂笔记讲解

• Mastery of interpretation techniques
------Not all those who have a good command of the
Techniques:
• Acute hearing! • A good articulation! • Familiarity with simultaneous notetaking! • A good memory! • Quick and accurate response!
Contents
• The Definition of Interpretation • The Types of Interpretation • The Characteristics of Interpretation& The Qualifications of an Interpreter • The Criteria of Interpretation • Memory • Note-taking • Interpretation of appellation • The Differences between American English and British English & culture Difference
The Definition of Interpretation
• “Interpretation, essentially, means an extempore oral reproduction, in one language, of what is said in another language.” ------ Mr. Zhong Shukong • “Translation” is defined as “the faithful representation, in one language, of what is written in another language”