定语从句关系副词讲解及练习

Unit 2 Growing Pains

定语从句（2）------定语从句中关系副词的用法

Learning Content : Learn Attributive Clauses ---- Relative adverbs: where, when, why

Learning Aims: Learn how to use relative adverbs in attributive clauses

Learning difficult and important points:

The difference between relative adverbs and relative pronouns

Period：One

自主学习过程

关系副词是联系先行词和定语从句的词。定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下：

1. 表时间的名词+ when + 定语从句，when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。

例句：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.

I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army.

2. 表地点的名词+ where + 定语从句，where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。

例句：The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.

This is the house where I lived two years ago.

3. 表原因的名词reason + why + 定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。)

例句：That is the reason why I did the job.(在现代英语中why可以省略)

上句也可以这样表示：That is the reason I did the job.

关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视：

1）“when”、“where”和“why”的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分，比较下面的几组句子：

*I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore.

*I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School.

**This is the hospital ______ my mother works.

**This is the hospital ______ we visited the day before yesterday.

知识小结（判断定语从句引导词的方法）

方法一：

不及物动词则要求用关系副词when, where, why,

从句中的谓语为及物动词且后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；

方法二：

先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时选择关系代词(who, whom, that, which, whose);

先行词在从句中做状语时选择关系副词( where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语)

2) “when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词+ which”，介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。例如：

Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong?(on which=when)

This is the room in which we lived last year.(in which=where)

Do you know the reason for which he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party. (for which=why)

3) 有时关系副词“when”、“where”引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象，是为了平衡句子的语法需要。

Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a d iamond necklace?

The days are gone forever when the Chinese people used “foreign oil.”.

Homework

1、Fill the blanks with proper relative words. (SB P96 C1)

2、Correct the mistakes in each sentence. (SB P96 C2)

专项训练

1．This is the place_____ John was born?

A．which B．where C. when D．that

2. He is the only person ____ I want to talk to.

A. that

B. which

C. who

D. whose

3．Is this problem _____the teacher explained last week?

A．the one B．that C．which D．one

4．The high building _____ stand four policemen is the police station．

A．which B．that C．in front of it D. in front of which

5．My mother will give Mary a model plane_____ she will like to play．

A．which B．that C．for which D．with which

6．The film brought the hours back to me_____ I was taken good care of in that far away village. A．until B．that C when D．where

7．There are times_____ I wonder why I do this job．

A．as B．while C．which D．when

8．After living in London for thirty years，Mr Smith returned to the small town_____ he grew up as a child．A．which B．where C that D．when

9．They had a long talk about the persons and things_____ they both knew．

A．whom B．what C. that D．which

10．That is the very book______ I am looking for.

A．that B．which C．what D．as

1．B. 先行词是地点，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。

2. A. 先行词被the only, the very, the last等修饰时，关系代词常用that。

3．A. 缺少先行词，故选A, 作宾语的关系代词省略。

4．D．介词+关系代词引导定语从句。

5．D. play with 是一个固定结构，故选with which。

6．C．先行词为时间名词hours，在定语从句中作状语。

7．D．先行词为时间名词times，在定语从句中作状语。

8．B．先行词为地点名词，在定语从句从中作状语。

9．C．先行词包含人和物，关系代词只能用that。

10．A. 先行词被the very修饰，关系代词只能用that。