初高中衔接高一第一课 英语句子成分(共23张PPT)
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初高中衔接 英语句子成分 课件(共36张PPT)
二、谓语 谓语在主语后，只能由动词充当
谓语是对主语动作的陈述和说明，一般在主语之后。表明主语“做
什么”、“是什么”、“怎么样”。有时态、语态的变化，与主语在人
称和数上保持一致。
He likes cold milk. He works hard.
简单谓语
I shall answer your questions after class.
we should do exercise every day.
名词短语 代词
动名词 不定式 宾语从句
四、表语 表语是说明主语「是什么」或「怎么样」的词语，也可以说是说 明主语的情况，或者主语状态的词语。 表语放在连系动词后。 Lily is a Chinese girl. 名词 Five and five is ten. 数词 Mr. Li is over there. 介词 The book is mine. 代词 She looks beautiful in white. 形容词 This is where I first met him. 从句
What is 连系动词？ （1）be动词：am，is，are，was，were （2）感官动词：look，smell，sound，taste，feel （3）变化动词：become，get，go，grow，turn （+adj. 译为“变得”） （4）保持：keep，stay，remain （+adj. 译为“保持”） （5）无实义动词：seem，prove，appear （+adj. 无实际含义，功能类比be动词，译为“是”）
一、主语 主语是一个句子的主题，是句子表达的主体。表示句子所说是“什 么人”“什么事”是动作的发出者。 主语放在谓语动词前 American country music becomes more and more popular. 名词 We often speak English in class. 代词 One-third of the students in this class are girls. 数词 To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 不定式 Smoking does harm to the health. 动名词 When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.
初高中英语衔接-句子成分(共34张PPT)
work harder.
（目的状语）
He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.
（
（结果状语）
She works very hard though she is old.
（让步状语）
• 同位语：同位语是在名词或代词之后并列名词 或代词，对前者加以说明的成分。如：
和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。 •
He often reads English in the morning.
Tom and Mike are American boys.
• She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.
状语
1.用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子， 表示事情发生的时间、地点、原因、结果、 程度等等。
•
状语种类如下： How about meeting again at six?
（时间状语）
Last night she didn’t go to the dance party
because of the rain. （原因状语） I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.
注：主语和谓语是句子的主体部分（在英文中一般的句
子必须有主语和谓语）。
• 主语： subject S • 谓语：predicate V • 宾语： object O • 表语：predicative • 定语： attributive • 宾语补足语：object complement • 状语： adverbial
• 7. I think（that）he is fit for his office.
初高中衔接英语句子成分 PPT课件 图文
谢谢！ 学妹给我打电话，说她又换工作了，这次是销售。电话里，她絮絮叨叨说着一年多来工作上的不如意，她说工作一点都不开心，找不到半点成就感。 末了，她问我：学姐，为什么想 找一份 自己热 爱的工 作这么 难呢？ 我问她上一份工作干了多久，她 说不到 三个月 ，做的 还是行 政助理 的工作 ，工作 内容枯 燥乏味 不说， 还特别 容易得 罪人， 实在不 是自己 的理想 型。 我又问了她前几份工作辞职的原 因，结 果都是 大同小 异，不 是因为 工作乏 味，就 是同事 不好相 处，再 者就是 薪水太 低，发 展前景 堪忧。 粗略估计，这姑娘毕业不到一年 ，工作 却已经 换了四 五份， 还跨了 三个行 业。 但即使如此频繁的跳槽，她也仍 然没有 找不到 自己满 意的工 作。 2 我问她，心目中理想型的工作是 什么样 子的。 她说， 姐，你 知道苏 明玉吗 ？就是 《都挺 好》电 视剧里 的女老 大，我 就喜欢 她样子 的工作 ，有挑 战有成 就感， 有钱有 权，生 活自由 ，如果 给我那 样的工 作，我 会投入 我全部 的热情 。 听她说完，我尴尬的笑了笑。 其实每一个人都向往这样的成功 ，但这 姑娘却 本末倒 置了， 并不是 有了钱 有了权 有了成 就以后 才全力 以赴的 工作， 而是全 力以赴 工作， 投入了 自己的 全部以 后，才 有了地 位名望 钱财。 你要先投入，才会有收获，当你 真正投 入做一 件事后 ，会明 白两件 事：首 先你会 明白， 把一件 事认认 真真做 好，所 获得的 收益远 大于同 时做很 多事； 你会明白，有人风风火火做各种 事仍未 有回报 ，是因 为他们 从未投 入过。 从“做 了”到 “做” ，正如 “知道 ”到“ 懂得” 的距离 。 3 之前单位有一个姑娘，工作特别 拼命， 只要说 起她的 名字， 大家都 会赞不 绝口： 这姑娘 工作拼 命的程 度，连 男人们
英语句子成分分析--初高中英语衔接课 共27张ppt
room.
基本句型五
S
V（及物） O (宾语) C（宾补）
We must keep the door open.
The makes me news
We call
him
happy. Jim.
He told
I
saw
me a thief
troom.
句子种类
按句子的用途分 按句子的结构分
陈述句
简单句
疑问句
并列句
祈使句
复合句
感叹句
句子成分 主语:行为主体，句子描述的主体 谓语: 主语发出的动作 宾语: 动作的承受者
表语:表示主语“是什么”“怎么样” 状语:时间、地点、原因等 定语:用来修饰名词、代词
句子成分
主语：You beat him. 谓语: You beat him. 宾语: You beat him. 表语:He is bad./He is a boy. 状语:You beat him at home. 定语:You beat the bad boy.
英语中那些成分可以充当宾语
❖1. We often help_h_im_ . 代词 ❖2. He likes to play__b_as_k_e_t_b_all.名词 ❖3. We enjoy_li_s_te_n_in_g__to__th_e__m_u_s_ic动. 名词 ❖4. She said _th_a_t_h_e_f_e_lt_s_i_ck.从句 ❖5. They are talking a_b_o_u_t_t_h_e_n_e_w_
你能归纳出定语的位置吗?
定语说明名词特点,性质; 状语则说明 动词何如何.
❖1. We _o_ft_e_n help him. ❖2. I r_e_a_ll_y don’t like the food. ❖3. He did his homework c_a_re_f_u_l_ly ❖a_t_h_o_m__e. ❖4.Her mother goes _o_u_t _to__d_o__s_o_m_e___
基本句型五
S
V（及物） O (宾语) C（宾补）
We must keep the door open.
The makes me news
We call
him
happy. Jim.
He told
I
saw
me a thief
troom.
句子种类
按句子的用途分 按句子的结构分
陈述句
简单句
疑问句
并列句
祈使句
复合句
感叹句
句子成分 主语:行为主体，句子描述的主体 谓语: 主语发出的动作 宾语: 动作的承受者
表语:表示主语“是什么”“怎么样” 状语:时间、地点、原因等 定语:用来修饰名词、代词
句子成分
主语：You beat him. 谓语: You beat him. 宾语: You beat him. 表语:He is bad./He is a boy. 状语:You beat him at home. 定语:You beat the bad boy.
英语中那些成分可以充当宾语
❖1. We often help_h_im_ . 代词 ❖2. He likes to play__b_as_k_e_t_b_all.名词 ❖3. We enjoy_li_s_te_n_in_g__to__th_e__m_u_s_ic动. 名词 ❖4. She said _th_a_t_h_e_f_e_lt_s_i_ck.从句 ❖5. They are talking a_b_o_u_t_t_h_e_n_e_w_
你能归纳出定语的位置吗?
定语说明名词特点,性质; 状语则说明 动词何如何.
❖1. We _o_ft_e_n help him. ❖2. I r_e_a_ll_y don’t like the food. ❖3. He did his homework c_a_re_f_u_l_ly ❖a_t_h_o_m__e. ❖4.Her mother goes _o_u_t _to__d_o__s_o_m_e___
初高中英语衔接 句子成分和五种句子类型(公开课)(共23张PPT)
4.There are 66 students in our class. 数词 5.Do you know betty’s sister? 名词所有格 6.There is a sleeping baby in bed.现在分词
7.The girl standing under the tree is his daughter.
定语(attribute)
用来修饰名词或代词,起类似于形容词的修饰作用.
1.You are a clever boy. 形容词 2.I want to tell you something important. 形容词
3.His father works in a shoe factory. 物主代词 名词
2.Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea. Unfortunately，neither of them could swim.
3.Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard，in other words, you failed.
9.I’m sure I can ssuccceeesds by my hahradr-wdowrkoirnkg.
句子成分的构成
句子的主要成分：
主语、谓语、宾语、表语
句子的次要成分：
定语、状语、补语、同位语、插入语
1.主语(subject)
1. 主语是句子所要说明的动作或状态的主体.
2.一般在句首。
4.It is so nice to hear from her. Believe it or not ， we last met more than thirty years ago.
7.The girl standing under the tree is his daughter.
定语(attribute)
用来修饰名词或代词,起类似于形容词的修饰作用.
1.You are a clever boy. 形容词 2.I want to tell you something important. 形容词
3.His father works in a shoe factory. 物主代词 名词
2.Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea. Unfortunately，neither of them could swim.
3.Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard，in other words, you failed.
9.I’m sure I can ssuccceeesds by my hahradr-wdowrkoirnkg.
句子成分的构成
句子的主要成分：
主语、谓语、宾语、表语
句子的次要成分：
定语、状语、补语、同位语、插入语
1.主语(subject)
1. 主语是句子所要说明的动作或状态的主体.
2.一般在句首。
4.It is so nice to hear from her. Believe it or not ， we last met more than thirty years ago.
初高衔接英语句子成分及基本句型(共26张PPT)
What happened?
He worked hard today.
Action speaks louder than words.
He can speak English well.
She doesn’t like dancing.
（三）表语（predicative）用来说明主语的性质、特征、状态、身 份等，位于系动词之后。一般由名词、代词、数词、形容词、 副词、不定
形容词
2. We try to make our country strong.
3. We found everything in good order there. 介词短语
4. I should advise you to get the chance. 5. I saw him going upstairs. 6. They found the house broken in.
补语 补足主语和宾语的意义
形容词，名词，介词 短语等
She always keeps the house clean.
主谓是基础，宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无！
（一）主语（subject）是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。 表示句子说的是什么人或什么事。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不
是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名 词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
Walls have ears.
名词
He will take you to the hospital. 代词
Three plus four equals seven. 数词
5.主+谓+宾+宾补 （S+ Vt+ O+ OC）
He worked hard today.
Action speaks louder than words.
He can speak English well.
She doesn’t like dancing.
（三）表语（predicative）用来说明主语的性质、特征、状态、身 份等，位于系动词之后。一般由名词、代词、数词、形容词、 副词、不定
形容词
2. We try to make our country strong.
3. We found everything in good order there. 介词短语
4. I should advise you to get the chance. 5. I saw him going upstairs. 6. They found the house broken in.
补语 补足主语和宾语的意义
形容词，名词，介词 短语等
She always keeps the house clean.
主谓是基础，宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无！
（一）主语（subject）是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。 表示句子说的是什么人或什么事。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不
是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名 词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
Walls have ears.
名词
He will take you to the hospital. 代词
Three plus four equals seven. 数词
5.主+谓+宾+宾补 （S+ Vt+ O+ OC）
高一开学初中衔接词类成份和句型(共26张PPT)
4.表示不变的词 （keep; remain....）
四种“词性”
3.形容词：（adjective.）
之四大“有性格的”词
外形，容貌，修饰名词（带有adj.的性质）
e.g. my flower
形容词性物主代词
young, simple, naive.... e.g. Too young, too simple, sometimes naive.
5. 定语
----------修饰或限定名词。 一个在二中四楼吃喝玩乐的老师。
• Eg：Lybia is a beautiful country.（形容词做定语） • ·Leonardo is an American movie star.（名词做定语）
• 思考：什么词可以作定语？
• 1、形容词； • 2、名词 school bus • 3、介词短语； • 4、定语从句； • 5、非谓语动词；
4. 宾语
• -------主语发出一个动作，动作的承受对象即为宾语 Eg：He has gas. (fart)
有 （有的对象）
• 思考：一个句子什么时候才会有宾语？
主语能发出动作的时候。
被动语态无宾语。 e.g. 我被打了。（无宾语，没有被打了谁）
我被老王打了。（无宾语，by lao wang 这是个介词短语 只做修饰成份。）
2.谓语
• 【类型一】由实义动词构成。 Wen teaches English. (实义动词：教）
• 【类型二】由系表结构构成。 Wen is a teacher.（由 系动词is+表语 a teacher 整个构成谓语）
3. 表语（就是系动词的“表妹”）
• -----放在系动词之后，主语的“表现” Wen is a teacher. (表现为一个老师的属性）
高一英语衔接教育--句子成分(共26张PPT)
英语的句子中有些句子里只有宾语并不能表
达完整的意思，还必须在宾语后面加上宾语的补 足语才能表达完整的意思。我们把“宾语＋宾语 补足语”合起来称为复合宾语。
复合宾语所表达的意思相当于一个句子的意 思。名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不 定式、现在分词、过去分词都可以作宾语补足语。
（六）句子中的定语：
We often speak English in class. （代词） One-third of the students in this class are girls. （数词） To swim in the river is a great pleasure. （不定式） Smoking does harm to the health. （动名词） The rich should help the poor. （名词化的形容词） When we are going to have an English test has not
（不定式短语）
We saw her entering the room. （现在分词） We found everything in the lab in good order.（介词短语） We will soon make our city what your city is now. （从句）
（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补）；
（五）英语句子中的宾语补足语：
观察下列句子，找出其宾语补足语，并分析归 纳其特点：
His father named him Dongming. （名词） They painted their boat white. （形容词） Let the fresh air in. （副词） You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.
(新课标版)高一英语必修1【衔接篇 初高中衔接】第1课时 句子成分 课件(共22张PPT)
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第一部分 衔接篇
·高中同步学习方略 ·新课标版 ·英语 ·必修1
3．宾语补足语(Object Complement)：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接 宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的
一般句型为：某些及物动词(如make等)＋宾语＋宾补。宾补可由名词、形容词、 副词、不定式、分词或介词(短语)等充当。
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第一部分 衔接篇
·高中同步学习方略 ·新课标版 ·英语 ·必修1
5．I enjoy paint.________ 答案 paint→painting 6．The cake smells nicely.________ 答案 nicely→nice
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第一部分 衔接篇
·高中同步学习方略 ·新课标版 ·英语 ·必修1
They painted their boat white. 他们把船涂成白色。
Let the fresh air in. 让新鲜空气进来。
You mustn't force him to lend his money to you. 你绝不可强迫他借钱给你。
We saw her entering the room. 我们看见她进入了房间。
三、定语、状语、补语 考一考
指出下列句子中画线部分的句子成分 1．China is a ①developing country, while America is a ②developed country. 答案 ①定语 ②定语 2．He is reading an article about_how_to_learn_English. 答案 定语 3．The boy ①who_is_singing_there is ②her brother. 答案 ①定语 ②定语 4．Light travels most_quickly. 答案 状语
高一英语衔接之句子成分、基本句型和写作技巧(共30张PPT)
19
5. 基本句型 五:Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ(宾)+Ｃ (宾补)
有些及物动词只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思, 必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语。 1. The war made him a soldier. 2. They painted the door green. 3. I often find him at work. 4. The teacher ask the students to close the windows. 5. I saw a cat running across the road. 6. They found the house deserted.
20
练习：判断五大基本句型
a. Ｓ Ｖ b. Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ c. Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ d. Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ e. Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ
1. Mr. Wu told us a story. _d______ 2. She smiled. ___a___ 3. His job is to train swimmers. _b____ 4. He noticed a man enter the room. __e___ 5. Lily is looking at the picture carefully. __c___
• This book is very interesting. 程度 • He went to school although he was pretty sick. 让步
• He always comes late to school. 频率
9
（七）表语
系动词后的成分就是表语，表明主语的状态和特征，可
●They enjoyed playing computer games. 动名词
5. 基本句型 五:Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ(宾)+Ｃ (宾补)
有些及物动词只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思, 必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语。 1. The war made him a soldier. 2. They painted the door green. 3. I often find him at work. 4. The teacher ask the students to close the windows. 5. I saw a cat running across the road. 6. They found the house deserted.
20
练习：判断五大基本句型
a. Ｓ Ｖ b. Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ c. Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ d. Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ e. Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ
1. Mr. Wu told us a story. _d______ 2. She smiled. ___a___ 3. His job is to train swimmers. _b____ 4. He noticed a man enter the room. __e___ 5. Lily is looking at the picture carefully. __c___
• This book is very interesting. 程度 • He went to school although he was pretty sick. 让步
• He always comes late to school. 频率
9
（七）表语
系动词后的成分就是表语，表明主语的状态和特征，可
●They enjoyed playing computer games. 动名词
初高中衔接英语句子成分和基本句型课件
找出谓语动词
① What happened?
② The plane took off at 10 o’clock.
③ We were beaten by their team.
④
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口诀：妆感正持续变好
及物动词 & 不及物动词
及物动词（vt.）
不及物动词（vi.）
➢ 及物动词后必须跟有动作的对象 ➢ 不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对
（即宾语） ➢ 可直接跟宾语。
象（即宾语）。 ➢ 若要跟宾语，必须先在其后加上某个 感谢您下载包图网平台上提供的PPT作品，为了您和包图网以及原创作者的利益，请勿复制、传播、销售，否则将承担法律责任！包图网将对作品进行维权，按照传播下载次数进行十倍的索取赔偿！
感谢您下载包图网平台上提供的PPT作品，为了您和包图网以及原创作者的利益，请勿复制、传播、销售，否则将承担法律责任！包图网将对作品进行维权，按照传播下载次数进行十倍的索取赔偿！
找出宾语，并判断其由什么充当
① Show your passport, please.
① （名词）
② She didn't say anything.
5。表语
说明或表述主语的身份、特征和状态
位置在系动词之后
一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、 感谢您下载包图网平台上提供的PPT作品，为了您和包图网以及原创作者的利益，请勿复制、传播、销售，否则将承担法律责任！包图网将对作品进行维权，按照传播下载次数进行十倍的索取赔偿！
初高中衔接高一英语第1讲高中英语第一课课件(初高(2) (共30张PPT)
He is writing with a pen.
定语
• 定语用来修饰名词或代词．形容词，代词，数 词，名词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，分词， 从句都可以充当定语．
• The black bike is mine.
• What’s your name? A broken vase.
• I have 5 oks. A sleeping boy.
• They made paper flowers.
• The boy in the room is Jack.
• I have something to do.
• It is a swimming pool.
一) 挑出下列句中的宾语 ① My brother hasn't done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English. ④ How many new words did you learn last class? ⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? ⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.
❖ 3.绝不要脱离上下文孤立地死记硬背。 ❖ 4.应随时记下并背熟常用的“句套子”，并多多练习套用。 ❖ 5.尽可能“心译”你接触的东西，如一闪而过的广告，偶尔听
到的话语。这是一种休息方式，也是一种训练方式。 ❖ 6.不要反复去看那些未经教师修改过的练习，只有那些肯定是
正确的东西才值得去牢记。 ❖ 7.抄录和记忆“句套子”和惯用语时，要用单数第一人称。在
言方面的才能。
定语
• 定语用来修饰名词或代词．形容词，代词，数 词，名词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，分词， 从句都可以充当定语．
• The black bike is mine.
• What’s your name? A broken vase.
• I have 5 oks. A sleeping boy.
• They made paper flowers.
• The boy in the room is Jack.
• I have something to do.
• It is a swimming pool.
一) 挑出下列句中的宾语 ① My brother hasn't done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English. ④ How many new words did you learn last class? ⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? ⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.
❖ 3.绝不要脱离上下文孤立地死记硬背。 ❖ 4.应随时记下并背熟常用的“句套子”，并多多练习套用。 ❖ 5.尽可能“心译”你接触的东西，如一闪而过的广告，偶尔听
到的话语。这是一种休息方式，也是一种训练方式。 ❖ 6.不要反复去看那些未经教师修改过的练习，只有那些肯定是
正确的东西才值得去牢记。 ❖ 7.抄录和记忆“句套子”和惯用语时，要用单数第一人称。在
言方面的才能。
(新课标版)高一英语必修1【衔接篇 初高中衔接】第1课时 句子成分 课件 (4)
•THANK YOU
The Differences
between junior high English and senior high English
• The study of English in senior high is the continue and also the deepening of your English in junior high.
possible • read English aloud,which is good for your
listening • write English Diaries once a week • collect the questions that you didn't get the
score in the exams.
• Some of you might be good at English in the past but find it difficult to learn English after entering the senior high.
• Thus, some of you may lose your confidence in English and some of you may even give up English completely.
difficulties • ask your English teacher for advice on
learning English
Requirements:
• a dictionary to look up new words • a notebook to take notes in class • try to listen to English as much as possible • be brave to speak English as much as
2022-2023学年初高中衔接第1讲 句子成分和句子结构课件
直接宾语指物, 间接宾语指人.
练习——划出下面的句子宾语，并说出由什么充当。
They planted m___a___n__y___t_r_e__e__s yesterday名. 词作宾语 --How many dictionaries do you have? --I have fiv_e___.__ 数词作宾语 They helped th___e___o__l_d__名w词ith作th宾e语ir housework yesterday. I wanted to_ _b__u___y___a___c__a___r_. 不定式作宾语 I enjoy wa_ t__c__h__i_n__g___t_v__.__ 动名词作宾语 I think (that)he _is___f_it__f_o___r__h__i_s__o___f_f_i_c__e__._______________ 从句作宾语
3. there be 和 have 的区别。 “there be”表示：某地有某物，某时有某物。 “have”表示：某人有某物。
There is a ball under the bed. He has a lovely dog.
练习——划出下面的句子主语，并说出由什么充当。
During the 1990s, A_m___e___r_ic___a__n___c___o__u__n__t_r_y___m____u__s_i_c___has become more and more popular名. 词做主语
There is a bird in the tree.
There are many apples on the tree.
There is a pencil and two rulers on the desk.
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I still remember the day when I first went to York.
将各组句子连接为一个含有状语从句的复合句。
He didn’t come yesterday. He was ill. (原因)
He didn’t come yesterday because he was ill.
复合句 = 主句 + 从句
复合句是在简单句的基础上，通过从属连词将两个或两个 以上简单句连接在一起而构成。从属连词所引导的从句起 形容词、名词、副词的作用。复合句主要包含以下从句类 型： 1. 名词性从句： 1）主语从句 2） 宾语从句 3） 表语从句 4）同位语从句 2. 形容词性从句 （ 定语从句） 3. 副词性从句 （状语从句 ）
The child hid behind his mother's skirt, for he was afraid of the dog.
3. He made a promise. He didn’t keep it.
He made a promise, but He didn’t keep it.
主 谓 状（方式） 连 主 谓
表
Frank worked hard and (he ) became a manager.
主 谓 宾 连主 谓
地点
I’ve got a cold, so I’m going to bed.
主 谓 宾 宾补 连 主
谓
宾
They made him chairman, but (they) didn’t increase his salary.
简单句基本句型实例
主语 ＋ 不及物动词 She came．/ My head aches. 主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋ 宾语
She likes English. 主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋ 主语补语 She is happy． 主语 ＋ 双宾动词 ＋ 间接宾语 ＋ 直接宾语 She gave John a book． She bought a book for me. 主语 ＋ 宾补动词 ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补语 She makes her mother angry． The teacher asked me to read the passage.
复
由一个主句和一个或者一个以上从句所
合
构成的句子。在英语书面语中应用广泛。
句
主句是一个完整的句子,它可以独立存在。
从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一个
主句连用，不能独立存在。
复合句可以通过把两个以上简单句连接
在一起构成,但复合句的各组成部份并非
同等重要，其中一个句子由从属连词引
导（从句），用以修饰另一句子（主句）。
• 选择并列连词: or, either…or, neither… nor
并 并列句的词序：并列句基本上保留了简单句 列 的词序。 句 主语 谓语 宾语 连词 主语 动词 表语
Jimmy fell off his bike but (he) wasn’t hurt.
五种简单句型可用并列连词连接起来组成并列句。
• She gave me her address.
• Reading novels is an enjoyment.
• When the spaceship will take off has not been decided.
• How to do the experiment is not told.
Exercise: 请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。 1. He was tired. He went to bed.
He was tired, so he went to bed.
2. The child hid behind his mother's skirt. He was afraid of the dog.
It is such a big box. Nobody can move it. （结果）
It is such a big box that nobody can move it.
We’ll go to the great wall. It’s fine tomorrow. (条件)
We’ll go to the great wall if it’s fine tomorrow.
并 列
需把几个意思连接在一起时，可用分号 或把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接
句 起来，这种结构即构成一个并列句。
用分号： We fished all day; we didn’t catch a thing. 用分号，后跟一个连接副词： We fished all day; however, we didn’t catch a thing. 用并列连词（如and、but、so、yet等） We fished all day, but (we) didn’t catch a thing.
英语句子成分
Noun / Pronoun /
The + adj
V-ing / Clause / Infinitive
Vi
主 语
谓 语
Vt
宾语
宾语(间)
宾语(直)
noun adj. / adv.
宾语 宾补
infinitive
V-l
表语
V-ing V-ed
Noun / Pronoun
noun etc.
谓语：说明主语动作或状态
• She worked hard all day long. • The matter will be dealt with as
soon as possible. • She must have arrived by air. • Linda is always energetic.
clause etc.
句子按用途分为四类：陈述句，疑问句， 祈使句和感叹句。
The boy hit the dog. Does the shop close at 7 tonight? Shut the door. What a slow train this is!
主语：是一个句子所说明的主体，除祈使句和省 略句外，英语句子一般都有主语。
I’ll give the letter to him. I see him. （时间）
I’ll give the letter to him when I see him. I’ll give the letter to him as soon as I see him. I’ll give the letter to him the moment I see him.
定语：即用来修饰名词的单词、短语或从句
·Poor John was sent to a hospital nearby． ·John gave Mary many books，which are full of interesting stories． ·Have you seen the book on the desk? ·The boy playing over there is my brother. ·People there like sports.
The + adj
V-ing / Clause be / feel / seem / look
Infinitive
appear / stand / lie
become /get / grow / turn
go / come / remain/ keep
taste / smell etc.
pronoun adj. / adv. infinitive V-ing / V-ed
bike yesterday.
同位语：置于名词或代词之后，对其 作进一步解释说明。
• Tom, our monitor, came late yesterday.
• Her hobby, collecting stamps, brings her many friends.
• The question what to do next hasn’t been discussed.
状语：用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子
John often came to chat with me． John likes oranges very much． Whenever he gets drunk，John makes Mary very angry． Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. As he was ill, he didn’t come to class yesterday. She is sitting at the desk, doing her homework. My father worked in this school ten years ago.
宾语从句
状语从句
定语从 句
Practice 用所给连词连接句子。 He has found out. She was late. (why)
He has found out why she was late.
I still remember the day. I first went to York on that day. (when)
英文写作中最常使用的从句
1. 宾语从句
2. 状语从句
3. 定语从句
Practice
指出下列各从句的类型
I believe that everything is going on well.
She was reading a novel when I came in.
She is the girl who sings best in my class.
将各组句子连接为一个含有状语从句的复合句。
He didn’t come yesterday. He was ill. (原因)
He didn’t come yesterday because he was ill.
复合句 = 主句 + 从句
复合句是在简单句的基础上，通过从属连词将两个或两个 以上简单句连接在一起而构成。从属连词所引导的从句起 形容词、名词、副词的作用。复合句主要包含以下从句类 型： 1. 名词性从句： 1）主语从句 2） 宾语从句 3） 表语从句 4）同位语从句 2. 形容词性从句 （ 定语从句） 3. 副词性从句 （状语从句 ）
The child hid behind his mother's skirt, for he was afraid of the dog.
3. He made a promise. He didn’t keep it.
He made a promise, but He didn’t keep it.
主 谓 状（方式） 连 主 谓
表
Frank worked hard and (he ) became a manager.
主 谓 宾 连主 谓
地点
I’ve got a cold, so I’m going to bed.
主 谓 宾 宾补 连 主
谓
宾
They made him chairman, but (they) didn’t increase his salary.
简单句基本句型实例
主语 ＋ 不及物动词 She came．/ My head aches. 主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋ 宾语
She likes English. 主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋ 主语补语 She is happy． 主语 ＋ 双宾动词 ＋ 间接宾语 ＋ 直接宾语 She gave John a book． She bought a book for me. 主语 ＋ 宾补动词 ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补语 She makes her mother angry． The teacher asked me to read the passage.
复
由一个主句和一个或者一个以上从句所
合
构成的句子。在英语书面语中应用广泛。
句
主句是一个完整的句子,它可以独立存在。
从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一个
主句连用，不能独立存在。
复合句可以通过把两个以上简单句连接
在一起构成,但复合句的各组成部份并非
同等重要，其中一个句子由从属连词引
导（从句），用以修饰另一句子（主句）。
• 选择并列连词: or, either…or, neither… nor
并 并列句的词序：并列句基本上保留了简单句 列 的词序。 句 主语 谓语 宾语 连词 主语 动词 表语
Jimmy fell off his bike but (he) wasn’t hurt.
五种简单句型可用并列连词连接起来组成并列句。
• She gave me her address.
• Reading novels is an enjoyment.
• When the spaceship will take off has not been decided.
• How to do the experiment is not told.
Exercise: 请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。 1. He was tired. He went to bed.
He was tired, so he went to bed.
2. The child hid behind his mother's skirt. He was afraid of the dog.
It is such a big box. Nobody can move it. （结果）
It is such a big box that nobody can move it.
We’ll go to the great wall. It’s fine tomorrow. (条件)
We’ll go to the great wall if it’s fine tomorrow.
并 列
需把几个意思连接在一起时，可用分号 或把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接
句 起来，这种结构即构成一个并列句。
用分号： We fished all day; we didn’t catch a thing. 用分号，后跟一个连接副词： We fished all day; however, we didn’t catch a thing. 用并列连词（如and、but、so、yet等） We fished all day, but (we) didn’t catch a thing.
英语句子成分
Noun / Pronoun /
The + adj
V-ing / Clause / Infinitive
Vi
主 语
谓 语
Vt
宾语
宾语(间)
宾语(直)
noun adj. / adv.
宾语 宾补
infinitive
V-l
表语
V-ing V-ed
Noun / Pronoun
noun etc.
谓语：说明主语动作或状态
• She worked hard all day long. • The matter will be dealt with as
soon as possible. • She must have arrived by air. • Linda is always energetic.
clause etc.
句子按用途分为四类：陈述句，疑问句， 祈使句和感叹句。
The boy hit the dog. Does the shop close at 7 tonight? Shut the door. What a slow train this is!
主语：是一个句子所说明的主体，除祈使句和省 略句外，英语句子一般都有主语。
I’ll give the letter to him. I see him. （时间）
I’ll give the letter to him when I see him. I’ll give the letter to him as soon as I see him. I’ll give the letter to him the moment I see him.
定语：即用来修饰名词的单词、短语或从句
·Poor John was sent to a hospital nearby． ·John gave Mary many books，which are full of interesting stories． ·Have you seen the book on the desk? ·The boy playing over there is my brother. ·People there like sports.
The + adj
V-ing / Clause be / feel / seem / look
Infinitive
appear / stand / lie
become /get / grow / turn
go / come / remain/ keep
taste / smell etc.
pronoun adj. / adv. infinitive V-ing / V-ed
bike yesterday.
同位语：置于名词或代词之后，对其 作进一步解释说明。
• Tom, our monitor, came late yesterday.
• Her hobby, collecting stamps, brings her many friends.
• The question what to do next hasn’t been discussed.
状语：用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子
John often came to chat with me． John likes oranges very much． Whenever he gets drunk，John makes Mary very angry． Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. As he was ill, he didn’t come to class yesterday. She is sitting at the desk, doing her homework. My father worked in this school ten years ago.
宾语从句
状语从句
定语从 句
Practice 用所给连词连接句子。 He has found out. She was late. (why)
He has found out why she was late.
I still remember the day. I first went to York on that day. (when)
英文写作中最常使用的从句
1. 宾语从句
2. 状语从句
3. 定语从句
Practice
指出下列各从句的类型
I believe that everything is going on well.
She was reading a novel when I came in.
She is the girl who sings best in my class.