英汉笔译策略和技巧剖析

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词的翻译:从泛指到具体
• After high school a person may prepare for a particular vocation or occupation by attending vocational courses either in a junior college or in a privately suppourted training school ... Or a person may attend a college or university.
因此,整个社区的居民,而不仅仅是入学儿童的家长,都得为公立学校出资,而 公立学校是免费的,每个人都可以上学。
词的翻译:从泛指到具体
Practice: 1. My cheap camera takes better pictures than his expensive one. 2. Students who do well in examinations are the ones who ask questions in class. 3. One never knows what may happen.
词类转换法
• 英译汉时词类转换的核心是根据 需要将具有动作性的名词转换为 汉语的动词,或者将可表示概念 的动词转换为汉语名词。
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词类转换法
• For students of composition, an awareness that rhetorical patterns differ from one culture to another can help them become more quickly proficient in a writing pattern that is not native to them. • 学习写作的人若能意识到各种文化在修辞模 式上的差别,则有助于他们迅速掌握对他们 来说是外在的写作模式。
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词类转换法
词类转换法
practice 1. Every British citizen who is employed or self-employed is obliged to pay a weekly contribution to the national insurance and health schemes. 2. A miser is characterized by greed. 3. Every Englishman has some knowledges, however slight, of the work of our greatest writer. 4. The two partners think differently.
• We have to analyze and solve problems. • 我们要分析问题,解决问题。 • Let’s revise our safety and sanitary regulations. • 我们来修改安全规则和卫生规则吧。 • Gentlemen may cry, peace, peace --- but there is no peace. • 先生们尽管可以高呼和平,和平!但是依然没有和 平。 • Nels had it all written out neatly. • 纳尔斯把它写得清清楚楚。
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• • • • • • •
In those years the Republicans were in. 那些年是共和党执政。 The music is a gas. 这音乐妙极了。 Saud was a frustrated man at that time. 沙特那时已受挫折。 Traditionally, there had always been good relations between them. • 他们之间一直有着传统的友好关系。 • This experiment is a great success. • 这次实验是极为成功的。
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具体应用举例
词的翻译:从泛指到具体
英语里有些词,如one, person, people,thing等,其涵义广泛,这样 的词可以称为“泛指词”。然而在具 体上下文中,一个泛指词只有特定的 意义,当译成汉语时,需要根据其在 英文语境中的含义,使用有特定意义 的词来翻译。
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词类转换法
表达意义的变通
• 英语里有不少词和短语在汉语里找不到形式 上对等的表达方式。翻译时需要根据其意义 ,按照汉语惯用的方式在表达意义上进行变 通,形成顺畅的译文
高中毕业后,毕业生可以进入大专或者私人自主的培训学校读职业课程,为从事 某项专业或者职业做准备。高中毕业生也可以进学院或者进大学。
词的翻译:从泛指到具体
• Thus the people of the entire community, not just the parents of the children who attend, pay for public schools, which are free and open to everyone.
English to Chinese
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翻译策略和技巧
什么是翻译技巧(Techniques)?
所谓翻译技巧则指的是翻译的具体手段,即翻译 SL时在某些场合需要对TL做哪些相应的调整和 改变。 翻译技巧一般包括: 改变词类(conversion) 选词用字(diction) 词序调整(inversion) 省略(omission) 增词(amplification) 重复(repetition) 反译法(negation) 分译法(division)等
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