(完整版)三相6_4极开关磁阻电机转矩特性分_析与优化设计毕业设计

密级：内部

三相6/4极开关磁阻电机转矩特性

分析与优化设计

Analysis and Optimal Design of Torque Characteristics of Three-phase 6/4 Pole Switch

Reluctance Motor

学院：电气工程学院

专业班级：电气工程及其自动化1003班

姓名：陈运楷

指导教师：张殿海（讲师）

2014年6月

摘要

近年来随着电力电子技术和控制技术的发展，诞生了一种新的特种电机—开关磁阻电机。该电机具有结构简单、调速性能优良、成本低廉、可靠性高、起动转矩大、效率高等优点。因此，被广泛应用于牵引传动、通用工业、家用电器等众多领域。

然而，由于开关磁阻电机的双凸极结构所引起的磁路非线性和饱和效应以及特殊的供电方式，与传统的电机相比存在着振动和噪声大的缺点，这就大大限制了开关磁阻电机向更多应用领域的拓展。因此为了得到更好的开关磁阻电机的动静态性能，如何降低转矩脉动和抑制噪声已经成为今后开关磁阻电机控制系统的研究重点。

首先根据开关磁阻电机的运行机理，以三相6/4极开关磁阻电机作为分析模型，利用ANSOFT软件中的Maxwell模块完成电机的建模和分析。

其次通过修改开关磁阻电机转子极弧系数以及在转子表面开口的方法，改善电机的输出转矩特性。结合MATLAB软件分析修改转子对平均转矩和转矩脉动的影响。

最后利用实验室自行开发的多目标优化软件对平均转矩和转矩脉动进行多次优化，经过比较后找到最佳解，得到平均转矩提高、转矩脉动下降的结果，达到优化设计的最终目的。

关键词：开关磁阻电机；转矩脉动；平均转矩；优化设计

Abstract

In recent years, with the development of power electronic technology and control technology, a new motor called switch reluctance motor, which has so many advantages such as simple structure, excellent performance of speed adjustment, low cost, high reliability, and large starting torque, high efficiency was developed. Therefore, it was applied in many fields such as traction drive, general industrial, and household appliances etc.

However, due to the double salient structure of switch reluctance motor which caused nonlinearity of the magnetic circuit and saturation effect as well as the special power supply pattern, compared with the traditional motor the vibration and noise is significant. This feature greatly limited the application of switch reluctance motor to more fields. Therefore, in order to achieve the better dynamic and static performance for the switch reluctance motor, how to reduce the torque ripple and noise has become the hot spot of the future research of switch reluctance motor and its control system.

Firstly, according to the operating mechanism of the switch reluctance motor, a three-phase 6/4 pole switch reluctance motor is taken as the analysis model, the torque characteristics is analyzed by utilizing the ANSOFT Maxwell module.

Secondly, in the optimization model, the rotor pole arc coefficient and sub-slot on the surface of rotor are taken as the design variables, the torque

ripple and average torque are taken as two objective functions. The MATLAB software is applied to calculate the average torque and torque ripple from the Maxwell results.

Finally, a multi-objective optimization algorithm which was developed by the laboratory is applied to find out the optimal solution. In order to determine the global optimal solution, the optimization procedure was carried out twice. From the results, the average torque and torque ripple characteristic were improved.

Keywords：Switch reluctance motor; torque ripple; average torque; optimal design