《左传》战争描写的叙事特征

《左传》战争描写的叙事特征

——以五大战役为例

摘要

《左传》是我国第一部叙事详尽的编年史著作，同时又是我国最早的历史散文和叙事散文名著。《左传》中对战争的描写，充分体现了其叙事艺术的精妙之处，具有很高的文学价值。《左传》中记录了多达492次大大小小的战争，本文主要以五大战役—晋楚城濮之战、齐晋鞌之战、晋楚邲之战、晋秦殽之战、晋楚鄢陵之战为例，主要从叙事的总体把握、细节的精彩描写、篇章结构的灵巧多变等方面介绍其战争描写的叙事特点。《左传》的首创性的叙事艺术成就为后世的文学创作奠定了基础，对后世的文学创作起到了借鉴作用。

关键字：《左传》五大战役，叙事特点，艺术借鉴，后世影响

Abstract

Zuozhuan is our country one of the most important narrative prose writings in the pre-qin period which has high value of literature and history research. Its narrative art, has traditionally been regarded by scholars, and is considered the norm of the narrative text, and the essence of its narrative art mainly reflected in its war discourse. Zuozhuan, recorded the greatly small hundreds of times of war, this paper mainly to five big battle - ChengPu battle, the battle of An, Bi the battle of the war, the war of Yao, YanLing as an example, mainly from the vision of the overall grasp, details of which itsdifferent, flexible and changeable in chapters on the description of the war were introduced from the aspects such as narrative characteristics. Zuozhuan, the account of the war, not only from the Angle of the historian, but also emotional narrative these wars to literary writing and its pioneering narrative art achievement on later literary creation had a profound impact.

Keywords: description of war of Zuozhuan，narrative features，affect future generations

一、绪论

《左传》是我国第一部比较详细完整的以春秋为纲的编年体史书，为儒家经典著作之一。它如实的反映了两百五十余年内周王朝及诸侯各国间发生的重大的