最新英语反身代词的用法

英语反身代词的用法

反身代词是指

myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves, oneself。

。

二、oneself与himself

当one指人时，其相应的反身代词通常用oneself, 在美国英语中也可用himself：

One should not praise oneself [himself]. 一个人不应该自吹自擂。

三、反身代词的句法功能：

1. 反身代词用于强调时经常作主语或宾语的同位语,一般置于所强调的词的后面，也可写在句末。

反身代词用于强调时要重读。例:

The manager himself served the customers. / The manager served the customers himself. 经理亲自为顾客服务。

The box itself is not so heavy. 箱子本身并不重。

Mrs.Black herself is a lawyer. 布莱克太太本人就是一名律师。

You had better ask the driver himself. 你最好问司机本人。

Martin himself attended the sick man. 马丁亲自照顾病人。

Don’t trouble to come over yourself. 你不必费神亲自来了。

You yourself said so. / You said so yourself. 你自己是这样说的。

Never leave to others what you ought to do yourself. 不要把自己该做的事留给别人做。

2. 用作宾语(动词或介词的宾语) 反身代词作动词宾语时常常是非强调性的。有些动词与反身代词成为固定搭配,请注意,汉译时“自己”可根据情况忽略不译：

a. 作动词宾语：

behave oneself 有礼貌;规矩

He behaves himself well.他为人很好。

Behave yourself while I am away.我不在,你要规矩点。

enjoy oneself 过得快活

We all enjoyed ourselves in the party.我们在聚会上都玩得很痛快。

express oneself 表达自己的意思

Can you express yourself in English? 你能用英语表达思想吗?

F. collect oneself 清醒过来,镇定下来

I accepted the offer before I was able to collect myself. 我还没来得及考虑一下,就接受了帮助。

b．作介词宾语

Take good care of yourself. 好好照顾你自己。

He has a right to decide for himself. 他有权为自己做出决定。

The child can dress himself. 这孩子能自己穿衣服了。

She finally gained control of herself. 最后她控制住了自己。

She could not make herself understood. 她不能使别人听懂她的话。

Everybody here has the influenza including myself. 包括我在内所有人都患上流感。

The child cried himself to sleep. 孩子哭着哭着睡着了。

He had a couple of revolvers with which to defend himself. 他只有一两把手枪用来自卫。

反身代词作介词宾语或动词宾语时，有时也可起强调作用。例:

He has been living by himself since his parents died. 他父母死后,他就一直一个人生活。(by himself = alone)

This matter is between ourselves．（Without anyone else knowing）

The enemy will not perish of himself．(of his own will)

She finished the job by herself. 她独自完成了这项工作。(by herself = without help)

3. 用作表语

The poor boy was myself. 那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。

Just be yourself. 做你自己就好了。

Mary hasn't quite been herself recently. 玛丽近来感到不适。

The ones who really want it are ourselves. 真正想要它的是我们自己。

【说明】有时用于be, feel, seem, look 等后作表语表示身体或精神处于正常状态：

I’m not quite myself these days. 我近来身体不大舒服。(=I am not feeling so well as I usually do）I’ll be myself again in no time. 我过一会儿就会好的。

4. 用作主语。在现代英语中，反身代词一般不能独立用作主语，但是它却可以借助and, or, nor 等连词与其他名词一起构成并列主语(且位于并列主语的后部)，以及用于某些特殊结构(如as...as等)：

My brother and myself went there yesterday. 昨天我兄弟和我一起去了那儿。

Jim’s sister and himself get up at six every day. 吉姆的妹妹和他每天6点起床。

He was as anxious as myself. 他和我一样担心。

For my wife and me / myself it was a most enjoyable weekend. 对于我妻子和我(本人)来说,这是一个非常快乐的周末。

在but, except, like, as 等词之后,或作对比时,宾格和反身代词都可以用,但后者的语气更强。例:

She is about the same age as you / yourself. 她的年龄和你(本人)差不多。

有时“动词+反身代词”之后,还需要一定的介词。例: G. busy oneself with 忙于

He busied himself with numerous tasks around the house. 他忙于家里的许多事情。 H. avail oneself of 利用

We availed ourselves of every chance to speak English.我们利用每个机会讲英语。 I. address oneself to 专心于(工作)

They address themselves to the main difficulties.他们专心致志解决主要困难。 J. devote oneself to 致力于;献身于

We are determined to devote ourselves to the cause of education. 我们决心为教育事业献身。有些动词接反身代词后再接that从句: K. assure oneself that... 确信

Before going to bed, she assure herself that the door was locked. 她确信门已锁好才去睡觉。 L. flatter oneself that ... 自以为

He flattered himself that he would win the first prize. 她自以为会获得第一名。