四级语法虚拟语气
2023年英语四级考试重点
一、语法部分考察重点1.虚拟语气旳考点为:would rather＋that从句＋一般过去时；It is vital／necessary／important／urgent／imperative／desirable／advisable／natural／essential＋that＋（should）动词原形；proposal／suggestion＋that＋动词原形；It is time／about time／high time＋that＋一般过去时；lest＋that＋should＋动词原形；if only＋that＋would＋动词原形。
2.状语从句旳考点为:非if引导旳条件状语从句, 此类句子多用at times, provided, so long as, in case, once等来替代if；由even if／so, now that, for all等引导旳让步状语从句；just／hardly...when引导旳时间状语从句；more than, as...as, not so much as, the same as, as much as等引导旳比较状语从句。
3.独立主格构造多以逻辑主语＋分词旳形式出现。
4.情态动词多与完毕时形式连用。
5.定语从句重点考察介词＋关系代词（which）和as作为关系代词。
二、词汇部分考察重点1.动词、名词与介词旳搭配如: popular／patient＋with；yield／solution／adapt／transfer／access＋to；accuse／require＋of；charge＋for；under＋discussion等等。
2.习常使用方法如：confess to／set about／be used to＋doing；be supposed to／have／make sb. ＋do等。
3、由同一动词构成旳短语如: come, go, set, break等构成旳短语。
英语四级考试中的虚拟语气
英语四级考试中的虚拟语气英语四级考试中的虚拟语气虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法是一个常见的考点，我们着重讲一下宾语从句常使用虚拟语气的几类特殊动词，以及这些动词的用法、构成虚拟语气的用法等。
下面是店铺为大家带来的英语四级考试中的虚拟语气，欢迎阅读。
一、何谓虚拟?在英语中，语气(mood)和时态，语态一样，都是谓语动词的一种形式。
表明说话的目的和意图，虚拟语气即表示说话人主观愿望或纯假设情况，动词需用特殊形式。
例如If I were a boy。
其中谓语动词用were，而不是am, shall, was, have等，是因为说话人为女士，而“我是男人”仅是其假设的语气，故用了一个在现实情况中绝不可能用到的were来表达这一虚拟的情况。
通过在I的后面加were这一词，能得知这是虚拟假设出来的情况。
常见的虚拟有两种：1. 表示非真实假设情况：If If I had left sooner, I could have caught the train。
如果早点出发，我就能赶上火车了。
(但我事实上已经错过了，对过去的假设虚拟)He talks so loud as if I were deaf。
他说话声太响，就像我聋了一样。
(但事实我没聋，对现在的假设虚拟)这种情况虚拟时，只需将谓语动词变本身的时态再变过去。
第一句话中的虚拟，本身为过去时，因此再变过去，即过去完成时。
left变为had left, could catch变为could have caught。
第二句话中，as if I am deaf，需要对现在假设，因此变为as if I were a deaf。
(不用I was deaf，避免与真实情况过去式混淆)类似表示非真实情况的`词还有wish希望， suppose假设， would rather宁愿， but for要不是等。
2. 表示建议、命令、要求等主观意愿：He suggested that a petition (should) be drawn up。
英语四级涉及的虚拟语气
一、虚拟语气虚拟语气在考试中比较常见。
尤其是在听力中经常出现。
它主要是表达一种“假设”或者“推测”，而不是客观显示中的真实事件。
因为主要通过动词的变化来反应不同的情况，所以如果不熟悉虚拟语气的基本表示方法，会直接影响听力。
同时翻译中也经常使用。
如果想得高分，要学好这个语法点，争取在翻译部分多拿点分：基本规则：与现在事实相反：If I were you , I would apply for the job.与过去事实相反：If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made such mistake.与将来事实相反：If it rained tomorrow, I would stay at home.真题翻译示例：例1：They requested that _______(我借的书还回图书馆)by next Friday.1. 动词request引导的从句应用虚拟语气2. 虚拟语气的表达方式：should+动词原形，此题则为：should return3. 按句意顺序译，得出答案：I should return the book to library例2：The victim ________(本来有机会活下来)if he had been taken to hospital in time.1. 一看句意有“本来”，十之八九为虚拟语气2. 二看时态推后了，本该过去时，却用过去完成时，因此一定考虚拟3.按句意译为：would have a chance to survive哪些动词及其与他们相关的名词，从句需虚拟语气？一想要(desire)二宁愿(prefer)三命令(order. command)四建议(advice. suggest. propose)五要求(demand. require. request. ask. insist)，另加一个wish实战练习：1. It is strange that he _________ so.A. would sayB. would speakC. should sayD. will speak2. My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _________ there.A. not wentB. won’t goC. not goD. not to go3. I wish that I _________ with you last night.A. wentB. could goC. have goneD. could have gone4. If you had told me in advance, I _________ him at the airport.A. would meetB. would had metC. would have metD. would have meet5. Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he _________ me how.A. teachesB. will teachC. has taughtD. would teach6. I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _________ the book from which it was made.A. have readB. had readC. should have readD. are reading7. You are late. If you _________ a few minutes earlier, you _________ him.A. come; would meetB. had come; would have metC. come; will meetD. had come; would meet8. If she could sew, _________.A. she make a dressB. she would have made a shirtC. she will make a shirtD. she would had made a coat9. If I _________ you, I _________ more attention to English idioms and phrases.A. was; shall payB. am; will payC. would be; would payD. were; would pay10. Had I known her name, _________A. or does she know mine?B. and where does she live?C. she would be beautiful.D. I would have invited her to lunch.答案及解析：1. C2. C3. D4. C5. D6. B7.B8. B9.D 10. D1. It is strange that是主语从句的虚拟语气，从句用sb. should do的形式。
英语四级语法 虚拟语气
虚拟语气一．一般虚拟条件句(1) 与现在事实相反——If I were you, I wouldn’t worry.——If I had the book at hand, I would read the passage to you.那么，虚拟语气现在时的句型为：从句：If + 主语＋动词过去式(be 变were) +…主句：主语＋would (should ,could ,might ) + 动词原形＋…(2) 与过去事实相反——If you had gone to last night’s games, you would have met him.——If the policeman had arrived earlier, he would have seen the accident.那么，虚拟语气过去时的结构是：从句：If＋主语＋过去完成时…主句：主语＋should (或would,could,might) + 现在完成时…(3) 与将来事实相反——If he should come tomorrow, I would give him the dictionary he needs.——If Mr. Li were to do the experiment tomorrow, he might read the instructions carefully.那么虚拟语气将来时的句型是：从句：If+主语＋should (或were to )+动词原形＋…主句：同虚拟语气现在时的主句结构。
练习：1.I f this report were more accurate, it __________ an invaluable document.A.wereB.had beenC.will beD.would be(D)2.I _______ in trouble if the police had stopped me.A.wereB.would have beenC.would beD.had been(B)3.W hat would you do if war _________ out.A.breaksB.could breakC.had broken outD. were to break(D)二、在if引导的虚拟条件句中，若有were, had, should，可省去if,将were, had, should提到主语前，形成倒装。
四级语法真题解析虚拟语气解析
四级语法真题解析虚拟语气解析四级语法真题解析——虚拟语气解析在四级英语考试中，语法是一个重要的考点，而虚拟语气作为其中的一部分，往往会引起考生的困扰。
本篇文章将从真题解析的角度，重点讲解四级考试中常见的虚拟语气用法和解题技巧。
1. 引导条件状语从句的虚拟语气在各类真题中，虚拟语气通常用于条件句中。
在条件句中，如果假设的条件与事实相反或者不可能实现，就要使用虚拟语气来表达。
例如，2019年6月份四级阅读真题中的一道题目是："If you had learned to play a musical instrument as a child, you _____ playing one now."A. might have enjoyedB. might enjoyC. must have enjoyedD. would enjoy这道题目考察的就是过去的虚拟语气。
根据题意可知，主句中使用的是过去完成时态，在此基础上，我们需要使用与过去相反的虚拟语气形式。
因此，在条件从句中使用过去完成时态的虚拟语气，答案选项为A，即"If you had learned to play a musical instrument as a child, you might have enjoyed playing one now."2. 引导宾语从句的虚拟语气在四级考试中，虚拟语气有时也会用于宾语从句中。
特别是在一些形容情感、命令、建议等动词后面的宾语从句中，常见虚拟语气的运用。
例如，2019年12月份四级阅读真题中的一道题目是："He recommended that the patient _____."A. sees a specialistB. will see a specialistC. saw a specialistD. see a specialist根据题目可知，主句中使用了虚拟语气动词"recommended"，因此在宾语从句中需要使用虚拟语气形式。
英语四级高级语法讲解：虚拟语气
英语四级高级语法讲解：虚拟语气虚拟语气是说话者用来表示假设，或难以实现的情况，而非客观存在的事实，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反。
下面是作者整理的英语四级高级语法讲解：虚拟语气，欢迎大家阅读学习。
引导的虚拟语气2.倒装形式Were I you(=if I were you),I would get up early in the morning.Had you arrived at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday(=If you had arrived…),you could have caught the train.Should it rain(=If it should rain),the crops would be saved.It is time that ...Would rather that.....(1)I would rather he came tomorrow than today.(2)John would rather that she had not gone to the party yesterday evening.(3)I would rather everything hadn t happened in the past.“It is(was)+形容词(或过去分词)+that……”结构中的虚拟语气is necessary that we(should 可省略,下同)have a walk now.was necessary that we(should) make everything ready ahead of time.is required that nobody(should) smoke here.is important that every pupil(should) be able to understand the rule of school.练习’ll be busy this he ___ free,he ___ to the cinema with you.to be; might go going to be; will gobe; might have gone ; will goEdison died,it was proposed that the American people _____ all power in their homes,streets,and factories for several minutes in honor of this great man.off offturn off turned offI known her name,_____.does she know mine? where does she live?would have invited her to lunch would be beautiful’d rather you ______ by train,because I cant bear the idea of your being in an airplane in such bad weather.go gogonevictim ________(本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time.would have a chance to survive(翻译)professor required that ________(我们交研究报告)。
大学英语四级语法复习之_虚拟语气
大学英语语法复习之虚拟语气二．在虚拟条件句中：(一) 三种基本形式：1) 与现在事实相反的假设If…V.ed,...would\should\might\could+VIf you knew everything now, you would not be so angry with him.2) 与将来事实相反的假设①If…V.ed,...would\should\might\could+V②Should+V…③Were to+V…If he had enough money next year, he might go abroad soon.3) 与过去事实相反的假设If…V.ed, ...would\should\might\could + have + V.edIf I had known his umber, I might have telephoned him yesterday.For examples:1. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the experiment so many times.2. They would have got some tickets that night if they had got to the tickets office early.3. If you had spoken to him last time you saw him, you would know what to do now.4. If I were you, I would not have made so many mistakes last night(二) 几种特殊形式：1）．省略“if”引起倒装: 将were/had/should提前1．If I were you, I might choose this one.Were I you, I might choose this one.2．If I had known his number, I might have telephoned him yesterday. Had I known his number, I might have telephoned him yesterday. 2）．Otherwise, but for, without, but that, except for, only, but, or…1. Without electricity we would do nothing.2. But for your help, we could not have finished the task so well.3. I caught her by the hand. Otherwise she would have fallen into the sea. 4．_ Had I known ___he was seriously ill, I would not have told him the truth.3）．在表示祈愿的动词wish后：①对现在的虚拟要用V.ed；②对将来的虚拟要用could/might/would+V;③对过去的虚拟要用had+V.ed或could/might/would have +V.ed；如：I wish I had bought the house.I wish you could have passed the test.He wishes he were my age.We wish you would try again.The boy wishes he had wings.How she wishes she hadn‟t left home!4）．在It‟s time结构后：V.edIt‟s high time you le ft home for work.5）．在…d rather后：would rather , would sooner, had rather也用来表达主观愿望, 谓语动词用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反。
四级翻译句型精讲--虚拟语气
一、虚拟语气
2.The King ordered that the man be released . 国王命令释放那个人。
一、虚拟语气
6.用于“It is /was +adj+that (clause) +(should)+verb 形容词有 advisable , appropriate , desirable , essential , imperative(紧要的, 必要的),important , proper, vital等。
句型练习
1.但愿我年轻10岁。 2.我要是有更多时间思考这个问题就好了。 3.我希望你闭上嘴。
1.I wish I were ten years yonger . 2.If only I had more time to think about it. 3.I wish you should shup up.
句型练 soup would taste better if it had more salt in it. 2.I should be a bit more careful if I were you. 3.If I had not seen it with my own eyes, I would not have believed. 4.If it had not been for your help , he would not have succeeded. 5.If you should change your mind , no one would blame you. 6.If your father knew this tomorrow, he would be angry.
英语专业四级词汇语法辅导-虚拟语气、非谓语动词
It’s (high, about) time that 句型中that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。
虚拟语气的几个句型
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if it were not for…与现在事实相反， if it had not been for与过去事实相反，两个都相当于but for：
虚拟语气的几个句型
whether it (he) be …or…意为“不管（不论）是……还是……”，表示让步，为虚拟语气的一种表示方法，其省略结构为be it…or…, be he…or等，必须用倒装。例如：
Be he what he may, he should obey the rules.
虚拟语气的几个句型
虚拟语气的几个句型
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虚拟语气的几个句型
would rather +
动词过去式（与现在或将来事实相反） had + 过去分词（与过去事实相反）
do… (than do…) 宁愿…(而不…) sb. +
虚拟语气的几个句型
had hoped/thought引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。 His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later.
虚拟语气常用句型
虚拟语气常用句型
NOTE: 当suggest意为“暗示”，insist意为“坚持认为（一个事实）”时，其后的宾语从句中不用虚拟语气。例如： Her face suggested (暗示) that she was ill. So I suggested (建议) that she (should) be sent to the hospital immediately. He insisted that he was right. 她坚持认为自己是对的。
虚拟语气的用法-四级语法
虚拟语⽓（subjunctive mood）是谓语动词的⼀种形式，⽤来表⽰⾮真实的假设，或者⽤来表⽰命令、建议或说话⼈的主观愿望。
⼀、⾮真实条件中的虚拟语⽓⾮真实条件就是违背事实情况的假设，包括违背现在事实的假设，违背过去事实的假设，以及将来不可能发⽣或虽有可能发⽣但说话⼈主观上不希望发⽣的假设。
最后这⼀种假设简称为违背将来的假设。
在这三种情况下，条件从句和主句中的谓语动词采取下列虚拟形式。
虚拟语⽓中主句中的第⼀⼈称⽤should，第⼆、三⼈称⽤would。
但在美国英语中，第⼀⼈称也可⽤would。
此外，主句中也可⽤情态动词 could或might代替should或would。
在条件句中，如果动词是be，在违背现在的事实时，各个⼈称均⽤were。
但在⾮正式⽂体中，特别是在⼝语中，第⼀、三⼈称单数⽤was的时候也不少。
在违背将来事实的条件从句中，"should ＋动词原形"及"were ＋不定式"两种谓语动词形式适⽤于所有的⼈称。
1．违背现在事实的假设If the earth had no gravity，the moon would fly to the sun．假如地球没有引⼒，⽉球就要向太阳飞去。
If I were you ，I would reconsider their proposal．我要是你，就重新考虑他们的建议。
2．违背过去事实的假设If I had left a little earlier，I would have caught the train．我要是早点动⾝就赶上⽕车了。
If she hadn't taken your advice， she would have made a serious mistake．她要不是听了你的劝告，就犯⼤错误了。
3．可能违背将来事实的假设这⾥指的是将来不⼤可能发⽣的假设，或者虽有可能发⽣，但说话⼈主观上不希望发⽣的假设。
英语专业四级虚拟语气语法考点
英语专业四级虚拟语气语法考点英语专业四级虚拟语气语法考点专四语法考点虚拟语气、情态动词、非谓语动词、复合句、倒装、小语法(省略，时态，反义疑问句，代词，强调句，主谓一致，冠词，形容词及副词)、as的特殊用法。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的英语专业四级虚拟语气语法考点，希望能给大家带来帮助!英语专四语法考点串讲之一虚拟语气一般说来，有下列几种考点需要考生注意(十考点及两备考点)考点1. 与现在事实相反从句谓语动词用did(be用were)，主句谓语动词would(should,could,might)+do;考点2. 与过去事实相反从句谓语动词用had done，主句谓语动词用 would(should,could,might)+ have done;例如：43.I _________the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there.A. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyedD. will be enjoying49.All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _________ quite such a crowd of people there.A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. wouldn’t考点3.与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用：did(should+do或were + to do)，主句谓语动词用：would(should,could,might)+do。
例如：43. If your car ___ any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer.(08年)• A. shall need C. would need• B. should need D. will need考点4. 时态的交叉现象，也就是主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段例如：If you had gone to see the doctor，you would be all right now.你要是早去看病,你现在就没事了。
英语4级备考资料
一、大学英语四级常考语法点（虚拟语气和倒装）1.虚拟语气在条件句中的用法条件从句中的谓语主句谓语与现在事实相反V.-ed(be→ were)Would/should/could/might +v.与过去事实相反Had doneWould/should/could/might + have done与将来事实相反v.-ed (be → were)/Should + v./were to +v.Would/should/could/might +v.2.一些特殊的虚拟条件句1）Conditional Sentences of Mixed Time （错综时间条件句）：If you had taken her advice, you wouldn’t be in such trouble now.（if从句说的是与过去事实相反，主句说的是与现在事实相反）If it hadn’t been for the doctors’ care, I wouldn’t be speaking to you now.注：如果if 从句中的谓语动词是had, should, were,可以省掉if, 分别把这三个词提前，其余成分保持不变。
如：上述第二句had it not been for the…2) Sentences of Implied Condition （含蓄条件句）：(由but, otherwise等一些词引导)But for my money that woman would have persecuted him.I would have written before but I have been ill.In the old days she would have argued.Given more time and money, he would have done better than what it is.Electronic computers must be made very small. Otherwise it would be impossible for them to be put in a satellite.3. 虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用1）在宾语从句中的运用A. wish后的宾语从句：（往前面推一个时态）用过去式表示现在情况：I wish I knew what was going to happen.I wish I could help you.用过去完成时表示过去的情况：My father wishes that he had gone to university. （不看wish这个单词本身的时态，看整个句子暗示的发生时间，再往前面推一个时态）注：间或用would构成谓语：I wish you wouldn’t be so noisy.B. would rather/sooner; had better; suppose后的宾语从句（that引导，that可以省掉）I would rather you told me the truth.I’d sooner you didn’t ask me that question.I had better you did it.Suppose her father turned her out of doors!C.用在某些动词后的宾语从句：suggest,（建议用虚拟，暗示不用） demand, insist,（坚持要求用虚拟，坚持认为不用） ask, propose, urge, vote, request, command, desire, move, order, recommend, require,decree, intend, petition, decide, direct + that + (should) + v.He suggested that a petition (should) be drawn up.His pale face suggested that he was ill.He insisted that he (should) be sent because he insisted that he was innocent.2)虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用Advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper和一些表示感情色彩的形容词unfair, dreadful, strange, surprising, natural, unthinkable, unbelievable. （should加动词原形，should可以省掉）It is essential that all the facts be examined first.It is necessary that he come back without delay.3)用在表语从句和同位语从句中：（就是上面的一些形容词、动词转化为名词）Sophia’s idea was that they (should) lock up the house.The resolution that women be allowed to join the society was carried.4)用在状语从句中：A. As if/as though（往前面推一个时态）表示现在的情况用过去式：I remember it vividly as though it were tonight.He behaves as if he owned the place.表示过去的情况用过去完成时：He talked about Rome as though he had been there himself.B.目的状语从句Lest, in order that, so that, for fear that, in caseHe hurried on, lest she should meet him again.5）用在It’s (high) time后的定语从句中（可以用should加动词原形）It’s high time we went.It’s time we ordered dinner.Inversion状语前置常引起倒装1.Full Inversion: 整个谓语位于主语之前a. 当句首状语为方位词，谓语动词为go, come等表示位置转移的动态动词时。
四级虚拟语气详解
英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式：一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；二是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。
一、虚拟语气在条件句中虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设If+主语+动词的过去式（动词be用were)主语+should,would,might,could＋动词原形与过去相反的假设If+主语+had +过去分词主语＋should, would, might,could＋have done与将来相反的假设1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形3、If+主语+should +动词原形主语＋should, would，might,could＋动词原形eg: If I had time, I would attend the meeting.If he had hurried ,he could have caught the train.If I were to go abroad ,I would go to America.注意：使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点：当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整1、If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了．2、If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.如果你努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生了．错综时间条件句例题：Had you listened to the doctor, you _____ all right now.A.areB. wereC. would beD. would have been 解析：这是个混合型的虚拟语气，前面是个省略加倒装句，还原后是 If you had listen to the doctor, you would be all right now. 如果你当初听医生的话，现在病都好了。
大学英语四级翻译常见 语法考点
此外， 主语后若跟有accompanies by/ along with/ as much as/ besides/except/an addition to/ including / instead of/ no less than/ not to mention/ in company with/like/ more than/ rather than/ (together with)等+名词的结构，也不影响谓 语动词的数，
2.can/could/may/might+动词完成式 用于对过去发生的动作的主观判断， 表示推测过去某动作“可能，也许， 一定”已发生或没有发生； “should/ought to/needn’t +动词完成 式表示过去“应该做”而实际并未做 的动作
（六）非谓语动词作状语及其逻 辑主语问题
（八）不定式和动名词作主 语和表语
动词不定式作主语，侧重于表现具体的，某一次特定的 动作，是特指。而动名词作主语，则侧重于一般性的， 习惯性的和抽象的动作，是泛指
注意： 如果句中有时间状语，一般选择不定式形
式作主语。
在很多情况下，不定式和动名词都可以用先行词 it
作形式主语。当表语为important/necessary/advisable/a
If you had worked hard, you would have passed
the exam.
如果你用功学习，就会通过考试了。
（3）与将来的事实可能相反：
If …+should do….+ would do….
公共英语四级重点语法资料：虚拟语气
虚拟语气在主语、表语从句中的运用虚拟语气还可在主语、表语及同位语从句中使用：1)虚拟语气在主语从句中的使用：It is important that we work hard. It is essential that the mission not fail.It is appropriate that this tax be abolished. 废除这项税收是合适的。
另外，在有些这类结构的句子中，主语从句的谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，这是多带有一些情感色彩，可译为“竟然”等表示一种不可思议的状况：It seems so unfair this should happen to me.I think it is dreadful that anyone could be so miserable. 有人竟然这样悲惨，我感到太可怕了。
It’s strange that she should be so late.That they should do such a wicked thing is unthinkable.2)用在表语从句中的虚拟语气：Our decision is that the school remain closed.Sophia’s idea was that they should lock up the house.Their suggestion is that every member attend at least one meeting per year.3)用在同位语从句中的虚拟语气：He made the suggestion that they carry on their conversation in Japanese.They expressed the wish that they be given more free time.虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用在某些状语从句中，谓语有时用虚拟语气，特别是在下面几类状语中：1)as if, as though引导的状语从句：这类状语从句中的谓语形式和一般虚拟语气差不多，表示现在的情况时用过去虚拟语气，表示过去情况时用完成形式：a. I have loved you as if you were my son. He talks as though he knew where she was.b. He talks (talked) about Rome as though he had been there himself.. Fancy you sitting there as if nothing had happened.在look, seem, taste, smell后，as if引导的从句中可以用陈述语气：It looks as if they are in a terrible hurry. It seems as if we shall have to walk.The meat tastes as if it has gone bad. The milk smells as if it is sour.2)在“be+形容词”这种结构后的从句，有时用should+动词原形构成谓语：I’m surprised that you should press the suggestion.He was amazed that some countries should express indignation at it.他很惊讶有些国家竟对此感到愤怒。
四级语法细说虚拟语气
专业四级语法考点细说I.虚拟语气1.if条件句当中，主从句都使用相应的虚拟形式。
当if被省略时，从句当中的虚拟形式had, were, should要提到从句的主语前面，构成倒装。
例：♦Were I you, I would take an umbrella with me.♦Should I have time, I would call her.♦Had the damage been worse, the insurance company would have paid more.2.主从句的时间背景不一样。
或者所表示的是与过去事实相反的假设。
例：♦If I had hurried, I would be on the train now.♦We would have dropped by if we had had time.♦I wouldn’t have known what these were for if I hadn’t been told.3.It is (high, about, the) time that ........... "早该做某事而已经有些晚了”例：♦It’s high ti me that we finished all the tasks.♦It’s the time the children learned how to behave properly.4.if引导让步状语从句，从句当中可以用虚拟语气。
“即使，就算”。
还有表示让步的一些表达法much as "尽管，虽然”，granted that "即使”例：♦We won’t change out plan if the rumor be true.♦Much as I would have liked to, I couldn’t lend him the money because I simply didn’t have that much spare cash.♦Granted that you had been drunk, there is no excuse for you to do that.5.与将来相反的虚拟的三种形式。
虚拟语气用法详解(4级)
一、什么是虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。
二、虚拟语气的用法1) 虚拟语气用在简单句中，表示祝愿，命令，它的谓语动词就是原形。
May you be happy. 祝你幸福。
May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。
May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快！You go out！你出去！2) 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中。
在suggest, advise, propose, insist, demand, desire, request, require, decide, order, command等动词后的宾语从句中，要用虚拟语气，表示建议、要求、决定或命令等，其谓语动词形式为should+动词原形，其中should可以省略，主句中的时态不限。
We proposed that the medicine (should) be cleaned again. 我们提出把那台机器再清洗一次。
The captain ordered that we (should) leave the village before daybreak. 上尉下令叫我们在天亮前离开村庄。
The students requested that the teachers sing a song at the English evening. 学生们要求老师们在英语晚会上唱一支歌。
The workers demanded that their pay (should) be raised. 工人们要求增加工资。
He insisted that John (should) do the job. 他坚决要求约翰干这项工作。
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• It is( high) time…句型用虚拟语气! • It is high time that we were off. 是我们该 走的时候了。 • It is time that we went to bed. • It is time we should go to bed.= It is time for her to go to bed. • 在for fear that, in order that, so that, lest 引 导的目的状语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动 词用原形。
错综时间条件句
在错综时间条件句子中，虚拟条件从句和主句动 作发生不一致，因此，主句和从句的谓语动词 要根据各自所指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语 气形式。
Eg. 1.If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you now. A. couldn’t have smiled B. wouldn’t be smiling C. didn’t smile D. won’t smile 2. 如果我是你，我就不会错过昨晚那部电影。（现在— 过去）
虚拟语气用在suggest, order, demand 等后的宾语 从句中，谓语动词用原形 • 在propose, command, request, desire, insist, require, decide, promise, arrange, ask 要求， consent, determine, recommend, advise, intend, beg, resolve决意，argue, maintain主 张，expect希望，object, vote, urge, instruct, advocate, persuade, dictate, appoint, specify, persist等意念动词、祈使动词或态度动词 后的并与从句中用虚拟语气。
If I were you, I wouldn’t have missed the film last night.
3. 如果你上次看到他时跟他说一下，现在就知道怎么做了。 （过去—现在）
If you had spoken to him last time you saw him, you would know what to do now.
1. If I had time, I would certainly accompany you to see the film. 2. If she were to marry Jack, she would be happy. 3. If he were here tonight, we would play cards. 4. If it should rain again, what else should I do? 5. If it hadn’t been without his help, I wouldn’t have been so successful.
表虚拟的 时间
If 从句的 谓语形式 过去时/were
主句的谓语形式 Would/should/could/might + V原形 Would/should/could/might + have+过去分词 Would/should/could/might + V原形
现在
过去 将来
had +过去分词 一般过去时 Were to +V原形 Should +V 原形
练习
1.如果有时间，我肯定陪你去看电影。 2.如果嫁给杰克的话，她会幸福的。 3.如果他今晚在这里的话，我们就玩牌。 4.要是下雨的话，我还能做什么呢？ 5.要不是你的帮助，我是不可能成功的。 将 来 一般过去时（常用形式） Would/should/coul Were to +V原形（可能性较小） d/might + V原形 Should +V 原形（可能性较大）
虚拟语气专题 三种语气 陈述语气 祈使语气 虚拟语气
Flowers blossom in spring.
Keep off the grass.
I wish I were a white cloud.
使用虚拟语气的情况
用于if引导的非真实条件句当中，表示对过去、现在、 用于 引导的非真实条件句当中，表示对过去、现在、 引导的非真实条件句当中 将来的假设
4.如果玛丽今天到达的话，那她一定3天前就动身了。（将 来—过去）
If Marry should arrive today, she must have started three days ago.
5.火车要是中午离n had left at noon, it would be passing Jiangxi now.
5.But for /Without your help, we couldn’t have succeeded. 6.She wasn’t feeling very will. Otherwise/Or/Or else she wouldn’t have left the meeting so early. 7.She said she would have come to the party, only she had an urgent matter to attend to. 8. But for her guidance, we should fail. • But for her guidance, we should have failed.
• Would rather, would sooner, had better后的 句子用虚拟语气。 • +原形。指现在将来的时间，表愿望 • I’d rather do it today. • +不定式完成式。指过去的某种选择不当 • I’d rather not have told you about this. • +从句，用虚拟语气。一般过去表现在或 将来的愿望，用过去完成表过去的愿望 • I’d rather you paid the money by yourself. • I’d rather you hadn’t done that.
虚拟语气运用于各种从句当中
• 动词wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气 与现在事实相反 用were或动词的过去式 与过去事实相反 用had+过去分词或would/could have＋P.P. 与将来事实相反 用would/could/might +V原形 e.g. 但愿你明天跟我们一块去。 • I wish you would go with us tomorrow. • 但愿我从来没有见过她。 • I wish I had never seen her. • 我希望你不要那么紧张。 • I wish you wouldn’t be so nervous. • 我希望我没做那件事、 • I wished I hadn’t done it. • 那时她要是听我的话就好了. • I wish she had taken my advice.
If only 和would that 后用虚拟语气
• 他要是知道到哪里去找你就好了。 • If only she had known where to fine you. • 我要能讲好几种外语就好了。 • If only I could speak several foreign languages. * would that 是 I would 的简化，相当于I wish • I would that I were a bird and could fly in the sky. • Would that I were young again.
含蓄条件句
句子表层没有通常使用的if, 但其深层结构或是上下文中还是有条件 的。这种条件可以用介词、形容词、名词、代词、连词、动词、 分词、不定式、定语从句或上下文等表示出来。 表示含蓄条件的 词有：with, without, but for, or, but, otherwise, even, in case of, what if等。这种句子往往有主句无从句。 1.It would do you no good. (if you should give up the job ) 2.She should have died. (if she had taken that bus) 3.Even stone would shed tears. (to hear that story) 4.A wise man wouldn’t have done that.
虚拟语气用在important, necessary 等后 的从句中
• 形容词 important, necessary, urgent, essential, appropriate, desirable, insistent, vital, advisable, keen, fitting, ridiculous, concerned, anxious, pitiful等可以构成“It is ＋形容词＋that”用虚拟语气，谓语动 词形式为should +V原形