Unit 2汽车专业英语(发动机)

Reading
The upper limit of piston movement is called TDC(top dead center). The lower limit of piston movement is called BDC(bottom dead center). A stroke is piston movement from TDC to BDC or from BDC to TDC. 活塞运动的上极限位置被称为TDC（上止点）。 活塞的下极限位置被称为BDC（下止点）。 一个冲程是指活塞从上止点运动到下止点或者从下止点运 动到上止点。
II. Text Explanation
be classified into…. ①分类为、被分成 Memory can be classified into short-term and long-term memory. 记忆可分为长期记忆和短期记忆。
Reading
How an Engine Works “Stroke” refers to piston movement; a stroke occurs when the piston moves from one limiting position to the other. “冲程”指的是活塞的运动。当活塞从一个极限位置移动 到另一个极限位置，即完成了一次冲程。
Main Components of Engine
Unit 2-1
Specialized English for Automobile
Contents
Ⅰ．Pre-questions
II. Text Explanation III. Exercises
I. Pre-questions
The heart of automobile
Reading
Intake stroke. On the intake stroke, the intake valve has opened, the piston is moving downward, and a mixture of air and vaporized gasoline is entering the cylinder through the valve port. The mixture of air and vaporized gasoline is delivered to the cylinder by the fuel system and carburetor. Vaporized [‘veɪpəraɪzd] adj. 汽化的 carburetor [,kɑːbjʊ‘retə] n. 汽化器
译文：内燃机，顾名思义，就是燃料在气缸内部 燃烧，并且把燃烧时的膨胀力转化为驱动车辆的 旋转力。
II. Text Explanation
Convert…..into…. ①转变；变换 That building has been converted into a school. 那座楼房改成学校了。 ②兑换 I want to convert some Hong Kong dollars into American dollars. 我想把一些港元换成美元。 ③改变信仰、党派或意见等 She managed to convert him to her opinion. 她终于设法说服了他接受她的意见。
intake valve
exhaust valve
push rod
■ Valve gear
9tappet
■ Connecting rod
timing gears
connecting rod
piston
crankshaft
flywheel
Engine cooling system
Engine lubricating system
Words & phrases
Intake manifold [„mænɪfəʊld] 进气管 throttle [„θrɒt(ə)l] valve [vælv] 节气门 Cylinder [„sɪlɪndə] head cover 气缸盖罩 Distributor [dɪ„strɪbjʊtə] 分电器 Cylinder cover 气缸盖 Vent-pipe [„ventpaip] 排气管 Cylinder block 气缸体 Spark plug [plʌg] 火花塞 timing driving room cover 正时传动室盖 Timing belt 正时齿轮带
Words & phrases
Camshaft [„kæmʃɑːft] 凸轮轴 Cam pulley[„pʊlɪ] 凸轮带轮 Crankshaft [„kræŋkʃɑːft] 曲轴 Crankshaft timing belt gear wheel 曲轴正时齿形带轮 Flywheel 飞轮 Water jacket 水套 Piston ['pɪst(ə)n] 活塞 Sump [sʌmp] 油底壳 Mechanism [„mek(ə)nɪz(ə)m] 机械装置，原理 Connecting rod 连杆 lubricating [„lu:brikeitiŋ] system 润滑系统
Biblioteka Baidu
I. Pre-questions
What impression of the engine?
complicated
power
I. Pre-questions
What are the types of the engine?
electric motors, steam engines, and internal combustion engines What’s the internal combustion engine? burns fuel within the cylinders and converts the expanding force of the combustion into rotary force used to propel the vehicle.
III. Exercises
1-cylinder head cover 2-piston 3-timing belt 4-water pump 5-sump 6-oil pump 7-crankshaft 8-flywheel 9-distributor 10-valve
crankshaft
I. Pre-questions
The engine comprises two mechanism and five systems, what are they ?
crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism（曲轴连 杆装置）, valve gear (阀动装置）, cooling system, lubricating system, fuel system, starting system, ignition system
II. Text Explanation
The internal combustion engine, as its name indicates, burns fuel within the cylinders and converts the expanding force of the combustion into rotary force used to propel the vehicle.
Reading
Where the entire cycle of events in the cylinder requires four strokes (or two crankshaft revolutions), the engine is called a four-stroke-cycle engine. The four piston strokes are intake, compression, power and exhaust. 气缸内的全部循环运动需要四冲程（或称为二次曲轴转动 ），这种发动机称为四冲程循环发动机。活塞的四冲程分 别为进气行程、压缩行程、做功行程和排气行程。
Reading
How an Engine Works The internal combustion engine, as its name indicates, burns fuel within the cylinders and converts expanding force of the combustion into rotary force used to propel the vehicle. The actions taking place in the engine cylinder can be classified into four stages, or stroke. “stroke” refers to piston movement; a stroke occurs when the piston moves from one limiting position to the other. propel [prə„pel] v. 推动，驱动 limiting position 极限位置
Reading
In other words, the piston completes a stroke each time it changes its direction of motion. 换句话说，活塞每完成一次冲程就会改变运动方向。
In other words
In other words, they remain relatively constant or static. 换句话说，它们相对的稳定、静止。 In other words, we have adhered to scientific socialism. 也就是说，我们坚持了科学社会主义
Reading
How an Engine Works . The actions taking place in the engine cylinder can be classified into four stages, or stroke. 发动机气缸内的工作过程可以分为四个过程或冲程。
Single-cylinder engine
cylinder piston Intake valve Exhaust valve Piston pin
Connecting rod
Timing gear
crankshaft Oil pipe
Oil pump
I. Pre-questions
what is the power source of automobile and how to produce? Engine
Power is produced by the linear motion of a piston piston in a cylinder. piston pin The connecting rod connecting rod transmits the up-anddown motion of the piston to the crankshaft, which changes it into rotary motion.
Fuel supply system
Valve gear
III. Exercises
•Translate the following expressions into Chinese. 活塞 piston 曲轴 crankshaft 分电器 distributor 油底壳 sump 正时齿轮 timing gear crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism 曲柄连杆机构 配气机构 valve gear 燃油系统 fuel system 火花塞 Spark plug 排气歧管 exhaust manifold