雅思基础词汇精讲班第6讲讲义

雅思基础词汇精讲班第6讲讲义单词D开头（1）单词depreciate [di5pri:Fieit] [义] v. 跌价；贬值；轻视（syn.: decrease, devalue, reduce）[例] depreciate oneself[派] depreciation n. 贬值批；降低[记] de（向下）+ preci（价值）=price+ ate （动词后缀）→降低价值→贬值[联] precious adj. 宝贵的depress [di5press] [义] v. 减弱；使萧条；使沮丧（syn.: lower, weaken）[例] He was depressed because he had not passed his examinations.[派] depression n. 沮丧；萧条[记] de（下）+ press（压）→向下压→使别人沮丧deprive [di5praiv] [义] v. 剥夺，丧失[例] The court ruling deprived us of any share in the inheritance.[派] deprivation n. 剥夺，丧失[记] de（离开）+ priv（私人的）+ e →剥夺 [联] privacy n. 秘密private adj. 私人的derive [di5raiv] [义] v. 源于，导出，得出（syn.: infer）[例] derive a conclusion from facts[派] derivative adj. 引出的[记] de+rive=riverdescend [di5send] [义] v. 下降，下倾；传给（syn.: fall, sink）[例] He descended from the top of the mountain.[派] descent n. 下降[记] de（向下）+ scend（攀登）→向下攀登→下降[联] ascend v. 攀登, 上升transcend v. 超越describe [dis5kraib] [义] v. 描写，叙述（syn.: depict, recount）[例] described the accident[派] description n. 描写[记] de（下）+ scribe（写）→写下来→描写[联] prescribe v. 指示prescription n. 规定desert [di5zE:t] [义] v. 离开；抛弃，遗弃 n. 沙漠（syn.: abandon, quit） [例] The fort had been hurriedly deserted. [派] deserted adj. 荒芜的，荒废的[联] dessert n. 餐后甜点dissertation n. 论文deserve [di5zE:v] [义] v. 应受，值得[例] These people deserve our help.[记] de（加强）+ serve（服务）→得到好的服务→应受，值得[联] reserve v. 储备conserve v. 保存preserve v. 保护observe v. 观察designate [5 dezigneit] [义] v. 指定，任命（syn.: appoint）[例] to designate boundaries[派] designation n. 指定，命名[记] de（加强）+ sign（签名）+ ate（动词后缀）→签名指定→任命desire [di5zaiE] [义] v. 渴望，想要[例] He has no desire for wealth.[派] desirable adj. 值得要的；令人满意的 desirous adj. 渴望的dessert [di5zE:t] [义] n.（餐后）甜点心[例] frozen dessert[记] 联想desert（沙漠）→desert中的人渴望dessert。

destine [5 destin] [义] v. 注定；命中注定（syn.: doom）[例] a foolish scheme destined tofail[派] destiny n. 命运[联] destination n. 目的地detect [di5tekt] [义] v. 侦查；察觉，发现（syn.: discern, discover）[例] The dentist could detect no sign of decay in her teeth.[派] detection n. 发现，察觉detector n. 探测器[记] de（离开）+ tect（覆盖）→把覆盖物移走→发觉[联] detective n. 侦探architect n. 建筑师deter [di5tE:] [义] v. 阻碍，吓阻（syn.: prevent）[例] Failure did not deter us from trying it again.[派] deterrent n. 威慑detergent n. 清洁剂[记] de+terr[联] terror n. 恐怖terrible adj. 可怕的deteriorate [di5tiEriEreit] [义] v. 使变坏[例] His work has deteriorated in the last month.[派] deterioration n. 变坏determine [di5tE:min] [义] v. 决定（syn.: decide）[例] He determined to go.[派] determination n. 决定determined adj. 坚决的[联] terminal n. 终点站terminate v. 结束detest [di5test] [义] v. 厌恶，憎恶（syn.: abhor, hate）[例] I detest cheese; I can't eat it. [记] de（离开）+ test（检验）→经过检验后扔掉→厌恶detract [di5trAkt] [义] v. 降低，减少（syn.: lessen, reduce）[例] That does not detract from his merit. [派] detraction n. 诽谤[记] de+tract[联] attract v. 吸引extract v. 拔出, 榨取contract n. 合同detriment [5detrimEnt] [义] n. 损害，伤害（syn.: harm, injury, damage）[例] He sits up very late to the detriment of his health.[派] detrimental adj. 有害的[记] de+tri+mentaldevastate [5devEsteit] [义] v. 毁坏，完全破坏（syn.: destroy, demolish）[例] A long war devastated Europe.[派] devastating adj. 破坏性的[记] de（加强）+ vast=waste + ate（动词后缀）→彻底的破坏devoid [di5vCid] [义] adj. 全无的，缺乏的[例] a criminal utterly devoid ofconscience[记] de（加强）+ void（空的）→完全是空的→缺乏的[联] avoid v. 避免dialect [5daIElekt] [义] n. 方言，土话；行业用语[例] the dialect of atomic physicists原子物理学家的通用语[记] dia（在……之间）+ lect（说）→在当地人之间说的→方言[联] lecture n. 演讲dictate [dik5teit] [义] v. 命令，口述[例] to dictate a letter to a secretary [派] dictation n. 口述diction n. 措辞[记] dict（说）+ ate（动词后缀）→口述diet [5daiEt] [义] 食物；食谱；节食[例] He began his diet a week ago.[联] dietitian n. 营养学家diffuse [di5fju:z] [义] v. 传播；扩散（syn.: dispense, distribute）[例] diffuse learning[派] diffusion n. 散步，弥漫[记] dif（分开）+ fuse（流）→向四面八方流开→传播[联] refuse v. 拒绝fuse n. 保险丝confuse v. 搞乱digest [dai5dVest] [义] v. 消化，吸收（syn.: absorb）[例] Sugar digests easily.[派] digestion n. 消化[记] di（分开）+ gest（带走）→把养分分离带走→消化dignify [dignifai] [义] v. 使尊荣；使显贵[例] dignified him with a title[派] dignity n. 高贵，尊严[记] dign（有价值的）=magn + ify（动词后缀）→使变的有价值→使尊荣；使显贵digress [dai5gres] [义] v. 离题，偏离（syn.: deviate）[例] digress from the subject under discussion[派] digression n. 离题[记] di（离开）=dis-+ gress（走）→走开正常的轨道→离题[联] congress n. 大会aggress v. 侵犯aggressive adj. 侵略性的progress n. 前进dilate [dai5leit] [义] v. 膨胀，扩大[例] The pupils of your eyes dilate when you enter a dark room.[派] dilation n. 膨胀[记] di（离开）+ late（lat表示‘侧面’）→两个侧面离开→膨胀dim [dim] [义] adj. 昏暗的（syn.: dark, faint）[例] a dim light[联] dam n. 水坝dimension [di5menFEn] [义] 尺度，尺寸；维（syn.: size, measurement）[例] Time is sometimes called the fourth dimension.[联] immense adj. 无边的,diminish [di5miniF] [义] v. 缩小；减少（syn.: reduce, lessen, decrease）[例] His illness diminished his strength. [派] diminishing n. 逐渐缩小的[记] di（离开）=dis + min（小）+ ish（动词后缀）→缩小disaster [di5za:stE] [义] n. 灾难（syn.: casualty, calamity）[例] The floods were a disaster.[派] disastrous adj. 灾难的discard [dis5ka:d] [义] v. 丢弃，遗弃（syn.: reject, get rid of）[例] discard old beliefs[记] dis（离开）+ card（纸片）→使得纸片离开→丢弃discern [di5sE:n] [义] v. 辩明，认识（syn.: distinguish）[例] It is difficult to discern the truth. [派] discerning adj. 有辨识能力的discernible adj. 可以区分的[记] dis（分开）+ cern（区分）→辨明&nbs, p; [联] concern v. 涉及单词D开头（2）discharge [dis5tFB:dV] [义] v. 流出；卸下；放电（syn.: dismiss, release）[例] Lighting is caused by clouds discharging electricity.[记] dis（相反）+ charge（充电）→放电discount [5diskaunt] [义] n. 减少，折扣（syn.: deduct, subtract）[例] at 15% discount[记] dis（不）+ count（计数）→便宜商品不用计数了→折扣[联] countless adj. 数不尽的account n. 帐目accountant n. 会计accounting n. 会计学countdown n. 倒数计秒discourage [dis5kQridV] [义] v. 使气馁[例] Don't let one failure discourage you, try again.[派] discouragement n. 气馁[记] dis（反的）+ courage（鼓励）→不鼓励，使气馁discourse [dis5kC:s] [义] n. 讲演，谈论[例] make a stirring discourse[记] dis（离开）+ course（跑）→人们都跑去听演讲→讲演discrete [dis5kri:t] [义] adj. 分开的，不连续的（syn.: separate, distinct）[例] discrete space[记] dis（分开）+ crete（区分）→不连续的 [联] concrete n. 混凝土discriminate [dis5krimineit] [义] v. 区分，辨别[例] discriminate good books from bad ones [派] discrimination n. 区分[记] dis（分开）+ crimin=crime + ate（动词后缀）→区分disgust [dis5gQst] [义] v. 使作呕；令（人）厌恶（syn.: displease）[例] The smell filled me with disgust. [派] disgusting adj. 令人厌恶的disgusted adj. 厌恶的[记] dis（除去）+ gust（味道）→除去令人讨厌的味道→使作呕dismal [5dizmEl] [义] adj. 灰暗的；阴郁的；沉闷的（syn.: dark, gloomy） [例] a dismal rainy day[记] dis + mal（坏）→阴郁的dismay [dis5mei] [义] n. 沮丧，慌张[例] “Someone stole my house!” she said in dismay.[记] dis（加强）+ may（夺权）→被人夺权了→沮丧dismember [dis5membE] [义] v. 分裂；肢解[例] dismember a country[记] dis（分开）+ member（成员）→分裂dispense [dis5pens] [义] v. 分配；施行，执行（syn.: distribute, allot）[例] This automatic machine dispenses coffee.[记] dis（分开）+ pense（称量）→分配disperse [dis5pE:s] [义] v. 分散，散开，解散（syn.: diffuse, dispel）[例] The police dispersed the crowd. [派] dispersion n. 驱散[记] dis（分开）+ perse（分散）→散开，驱散[联] diverse adj. 变化多的disposal [dis5pEuzEl] [义] n. 处置，处理；支配（syn.: arrangement, settlement） [例] the disposal of business affairs [派] dispose v. 处理，处置dispute [dis5pju:t] [义] v.争论，争辩（syn.: argue, debate）[例] They disputed how to bring into full play the potential of the staff.[派] disputant n. 争论者[联] reputation n. 名誉disseminate [di5semineit] [义] v. 播种；散布，传播（syn.: disperse, scatter, distribute）[例] disseminate information[派] dissemination n. 散布[记] dis（分开）+ semin（种子）=seed+ ate （动词后缀）→播种dissent [di5sent] [义] v. 不同意，持不同意见（syn.: disagree, object） [例] He and I dissented from each other in choosing a suitable candidate.[派] dissenter n. 持不同意见的人[联] absent adj. 缺席的dissolve [di5zClv] [义] v. 溶解；分离（syn.: melt, disintegrate）[例] Water dissolve salt.[记] dis（离开）+ solve（松开）→在水中化开→溶解distant [5distEnt] [义] adj. 遥远的；冷漠的[例] a distant journey[派] distance n. 距离[联] instant adj. 直接的, 紧迫的constant adj. 不变的distill [dis5til] [义] v. 蒸馏；渗出（syn.: extract）[例] Gasoline is distilled from crude oil. [派] distillation n. 蒸馏[记] di（分开）=dis+ still（小滴）→一滴一滴的滴下来→蒸馏distort [dis5tC:t] [义] v. 弄歪；曲解（syn.: bend, deform）[例] That newspaper accounts of international affairs are sometimes distorted.[派] distortion n. 歪曲，曲解[记] dis（分开）+ tort（扭曲）=turn →歪曲[联] torture v. 折磨torment n. 痛苦distract [dis5trAkt] [义] v. 使分心；使混乱（syn.: disturb, divert）[例] The noise in the street distracted me from my reading.[派] distracted adj. 心烦意乱的[记] dis+tract[联] attract v. 吸引tractor n. 拖拉机contract n. 合同district [5distrikt] [义] n. 行政区；政区（syn.: area）[例] She doesn't live in this district. [记] di+strictdisturb [dis5tE:b] [义] v. 扰乱，使不安（syn.: distract, disrupt）[例] I have heard some bad news which has disturbed me very much.[派] disturbance n. 不安；骚乱，动乱[记] dis（加强）+ turb（扰动）=turn→扰乱 [联] turbine n. 涡轮dive [daiv] [义] v. 潜水，冲（syn.: plunge）[例] He dived from the bridge and rescued the drowning child.[联] drive v. 驾驶diverse [dai5vE:s] [义] 各种各样的[例] diverse interests[派] diversity n. 各种各样diversify v. 使多样化[记] di=dis+versedivert [dai5vE:t] [义] v. 娱乐，消遣；转向[例] A loud noise from the street diverted my attention.[派] diversion n. 娱乐[记] di（离开）+ vert（转向）=vers→从繁忙的工作中转开→娱乐[联] convert v. 使转变introverted adj. 内向的extroverted adj. 外向性的divide [di5vaid] [义] v. 划分，分开[例] The Nile divides near its mouth and forms a delta.[派] dividend n. 红利，股息[记] di=dis + vide（vid表示‘分开’）→分开[联] division n. 分开doctrine [5dCktrin] [义] n. 教条，主义（syn.: creed, belief）[例] the doctrine of evolution[派] doctrinaire n. 教条主义者[记] doctr=doctor+inedocument [5dCkjumEnt] [义] n. 文件，档案（syn.: paper, certificate）[例] a historical document[派] documentation n. 文件，记录documentary n. 纪录片[记] doc（教）+ u + ment（名词后缀）→有着教育作用的→文件dogged [5dC^id] [义] adj. 固执的，顽固的（syn.: headstrong, obstinate） [例] His dogged determination helped him to win the race.[记] 联想dog（狗）→一只固执的小狗→固执的dogma [5dC^mE] [义] n. 教条（syn.: belief, doctrine）[例] a political dogma[记] dog（狗）+ ma（妈妈）→狗妈妈教育小狗非常教条→教条domain [dEu5mein] [义] n. 领土，领地；范围（syn.: area）[例] This is out of my domain.[记] dom（家）=home + ain→家里是自己的领地→领地domestic [dE5mestik] [义] adj. 家庭的，家里的[例] domestic animal[派] domesticate v. 驯养，教化[记] dome（家）+ stic（形容词后缀）→家庭的dominate [5dCmineit] [义] v. 统治，支配（syn.: control, command）[例] A great man can dominate others by force of character.[派] domination n. 统治，支配dominant adj. 有统治力量的[记] dom（家）+ in（里面）+ ate（动词后缀）→家里面的家长→统治donate [dEu5neit] [义] v. 捐赠，赠与（syn.: give, contribute）[例] The businessman donated a lot of money to the hospital.[派] donation n. 捐赠donor n. 捐赠人[记] don（给与）+ ate（动词后缀）→给与，捐赠dormant [dC:mEnt] [义] adj. 静止的，休眠的（syn.: inactive, sleep）[例] a dormant volcano[记] dorm（睡眠）+ ant（形容词后缀）→睡眠的dormitory [5dC:mitri] [义] n. 宿舍[例] Children sleep in dormitories when they live at school.[记] dorm（睡觉）+ itory（表示‘……的地方’）→睡觉的地方→宿舍dot [dRt] [义] n. 圆点 v. 点缀[例] a blue necktie with white dots doubt [daut] [义] v. 怀疑，不相信（syn.: mistrust）[例] There is no doubt that he is guilty. [派] doubtful adj. 可疑的[记] doub（二）+ t →有着两种想法的→怀疑draft [dra:ft] [义] n. 草稿，草案 v. 起草[例] draft a speechdrain [drein] [义] v. 排水[例] Land must be well drained for some crops.[记] d+rain[联] drainage n. 排水dramatic [drE5mAtik] [义] adj. 戏剧性的，生动地&nbs, p; [例] a dramatic scene[派] drama n. 戏剧draw [drC:] [义] v. 拖曳（syn.: drag, pull）[例] drawn by a horse[派] drawl v. 慢吞吞的说话drawback [5drC:bAk] [义] n. 缺点，障碍（syn.: flaw, fault, obstacle）[例] The great drawback to living on a main road is the constantnoise.[记] draw（拉）+ back（回来）→拉回来→缺点drift [drift] [义] v. 冲洗，漂流（syn.: float）[例] We drifted down the stream.[联] drip v. 滴下drought [draut] [义] n. 干旱，缺乏[例] areas of Africa affected by drought [联] dry v. 干燥dull [dQl] [义] adj. 暗淡的，阴暗的[例] a dull, cloudy day[派] dullness n. 迟钝[联] doll n. 洋娃娃dumb [dQm] [义] adj. 哑的，不能说话的[例] dumb from birth[派] dumbfound v. 吃惊[联] numb adj. 麻木的number n. 数字duplicate [5dju:plikeit] [义] v. 加倍；复制（syn.: copy）[例] duplicate expenses[派] duplication n. 复制[记] du（二）=di=dou + plic（叠）=ple+ ate （动词后缀）→叠成两叠→复制[联] double adj. 两倍的单词D开头（3）dwell [dwel] [义] v. 居住，栖息（syn.: inhabit, live）[例] dwell in the country[记] dwelling n. 住处[联] swell v. 膨胀dweller n. 居民dye [dai] [义] n. 染料 v. 染色[例] to dye a white dress blue dynamic [dai5nAmik] [义] adj. 动力的，动力学的；有活力的[例] a man of dynamic personalities[派] dynamics n. 动力学[记] dyna（力）+ mic（形容词后缀）→动力的[联] dynamite n. 炸药eager [5i:^E] [义] adj. 渴望的，热心的（syn.: anxious）[例] The boy was eager for success.[记] 联想eagle（鹰），小鹰渴望高飞。