定语从句3
定语从句(3)从句的本质
定语从句（3）从句的本质从句的本质是：句子作成分/词类在简单句中，成分都是由单词或短语充当的：I know you.主语是I ；谓语是know ；宾语是youI enjoy reading novels.主语是I ；谓语是know ；宾语是reading novels（动宾短语）I know he is ill.主语是I ；谓语是know ；宾语是he is ill（句子）我们可以看出：最后的句子He is ill 是作了句子成分的，作宾语，因此可以叫它为“宾语从句”从另一个角度来说：这个句子相当于一个名词，因此可以叫做“名词性从句”That she finished reading an English novel surprised us all.上面的句子当中，句子She finished reading an English novel作了主语，因此叫“主语从句”，也相当于名词，还可以叫做“名词性从句”She finished reading an Englishnovel yesterday. She finished reading an Englishnovel at the age of 12.She finished reading an Englishnovel when she was 12.从上面的变化情况我们可以看出，从单词作成分，短语作成分到句子作成分，作的都是状语，因此从句叫“状语从句”，或叫“副词性从句”。
The little girl finished reading an English novel. The girl in school uniform finished reading an English novel.The girl who is 12 finished reading an English novel.从上面的变化情况我们可以看出，从单词作成分，短语作成分到句子作成分，作的都是定语，因此从句叫“定语从句”，或叫“形容词性从句”。
定语从句3
Fill in the blanks using “prep+whom/which”. 1. The book _o_f/_a_b_o_u_t_w__h_ic_h_ I heard
B. This is the tree _u_n_d_e_r_ which we used to play games.
3. Find out the meaning of the clause.
A. The pen _w_i_th_ which he is writing now was bought yesterday. (He is writing with the pen.)
in the rush hour.
A. which
B. in which
C. for which
D. of which
5. His glasses, _____ he could see nothing,
was taken away by a naughty boy.
A. which
B. without which
6. The gun _w_i_th__w__h_ic_h_ he was shot was never found.
Review
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句, 关 系代词只能用which和whom, 且不能省 略。介词主要根据三个方面来选择: 一 是先行词与介词的搭配; 二是定语从句 中谓语动词或形容词与介词的搭配; 三 是根据 “介词+关系代词” 在从句中的 作用及意义。
高一英语定语从句3
三、as 引导的定语从句
1.as 引导限制性定语从句，主要用于 the same…as, such…as, as…as 结构中。 一般代表主句中的人和物， 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。
He has as many English books as I have. Don’t trust such men as praise you to your face.
二、关系副词功能表
关系副词 被代替的先行 词
表时间的名词
在从句中的作 用
时间状语
when(at ， in ， on,during, which) where(in, on, at which) why(for which)
表地点场合等 名词 reason
地点状语
原因状语
关系副词引导的定语从句
1.This
※名词way 后可以跟in which/that/how引导的 从句，当the way in which/that 作一个整体时， 说明动词是方式状语从句，如果the way 在句中起名词作用， 后面由in which/that 引导的从句则是定语从句. Please write the way (that) I do. =Please write in the way (that) I do. This is the way (that/which) he told me.
is the room where (in which) I lived three years ago. 2.I still remember the day when (on which) I joined the Party. 3.The reason why (for which) missed the bus was that he got up late.
定语从句(3)
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学习目标
理解定语从句，先行词，关系词
第
1 学会选择关系词
步
学习重点
第
3
掌握如何正确选择关系词
步
第
2 学习难点
步
判断关系词在从句中做什么成分
介词+关系代词的用法
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展示任务
1. 定语从句的相关概念（定语从句 先行词 关系词 ）
第
1 2. 什么情况下只能用关系词that? 什么情况下只能用which？
步
3. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，怎么选择介词和 第
关系代词
3 步
第 4. Which 和 as 引导定语从句的区别
2
步 5. 以 way 和 time 为先行词的定语从句。
6. 高考应用与策略
7. 高考演练
8. 课堂小结
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1 步
考点三 “介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
1．若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用 whom，第
3
指物时常用 which。另外，whose 也可以放在介词后，即“介 步
第 2
词＋whose＋名词”结构。
步
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第 2
2．当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，即使先行词是表示时
步
间、地点和原因的词仍用 which/that 引导定语从句。
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定语从句的三要素口诀
定语从句的三要素口诀定语从句，哎呀，听起来有点复杂，其实它并不难掌握哦。
只要你记住三个要素，就能轻松搞定。
那这三个要素是什么呢？快跟我一起来看看吧！1. 定语从句的基本概念1.1 定义定语从句就是用来修饰名词的从句，简单来说，就是给名词“加点料”。
就像你做菜时加点调料一样，它让句子更加丰富、具体。
比如，“The book that I bought yesterday is interesting.” 这句中的“that I bought yesterday”就是定语从句，它给“book”加了个特别的描述。
1.2 功能定语从句的主要功能就是对名词进行详细说明。
就像你介绍朋友时，不仅说他们的名字，还会提到他们的特点一样。
通过定语从句，你可以让听者对名词有更清楚的了解。
2. 定语从句的三要素要搞定定语从句，你得抓住三个关键点。
听好了，这可是核心要素哦！2.1 关系词关系词就是把定语从句和主句连接起来的“桥梁”。
常见的关系词有“who”、“which”、“that”等。
比如，“The girl who is singing is my sister.” 这里的“who”就是关系词，它把“is singing”这个信息传递给“girl”。
2.2 先行词先行词是定语从句修饰的对象，简单来说，就是“定语从句要给谁加料”。
比如在句子“The car that I want to buy is too expensive.”中，“car”就是先行词。
你可以理解为，定语从句是为了给先行词提供更多信息。
2.3 定语从句的内容内容部分就是定语从句的核心，包含了关于先行词的具体信息。
这部分描述了先行词的特征或动作，比如“who is singing”就是对“girl”的详细描述。
这是定语从句的“主菜”，要把重点放在这部分哦！3. 例子分析好了，现在我们来看看一些例子，把理论变成实际操作，确保你能掌握得更牢靠！3.1 短句子练习1. “I have a friend who lives in New York.”关系词：who先行词：friend内容：lives in New York。
定语从句三要素
定语从句三要素1.先行词；2.引导词；3.引导词再从句中的成分。
定语从句（也称关系从句、形容词性从句），是指一类由关系词引导的从句，因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语，所以曾被称为定语从句，这类从句除了可以做定语之外，还可以充当状语等其它成分。
1.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词①指人的先行词②指物的先行词先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us.(which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词2.关系词：引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用①替代前面的先行词（替代作用）②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用）③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用）(2)关系词的分类①标准：根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类②关系代词：在从句中做主，宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）③关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)3.定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子1.限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。
He is a teacher who works at our school.2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较：He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has two more sons)。
定语从句 3
He lives in a house whose windows open to the
south. 他住在一所窗户朝南的房子里。
指物
把两句话合成一句话
That is the new machine. The parts of it are too small to see.
That’s the machine whose parts are too small to see. whose 指人的或物的，在从句中作定语。
THANK.
翻译下面句子并找出先行词与定语从句。
1. This is the woman whose name is known all over the country.
(这个是一个名字被整个国家所熟知的女科学家.）
2. He lives in a room whose window faces north.
Laoshe.
简借了老舍写的那本书。
主语
找一找下列句子中的关系词、识别其在定语从句中所作成分。
⑤ We weren’t playing on the court which was next to our
buliding. 我们没有在紧挨着我们住所的球场上打球。 主语 ⑥ Tyrone Bogues, a guy who played for the Charlotte Hornets.
定语
包是新的那个女孩叫安。
三、练习题：
1、翻译下面句子并找出先行 词与定语从句
1. shelter 避难所 2. survivor 幸存者 3. destroy 破坏； 4. canal 运河 5. dialect 方言 6. crack 裂缝 7. kilometre 千米
定语从句语法解析(三)
定语从句语法解析（三）五、紧缩的定语从句1. 关于“介词+关系代词+不定式”该结构主要用于正式文体中，相当于一个被紧缩的定语从句：She must have time in which to grow calm. 她必须有冷静下来时的时间。
Allow me one minute in which to change my clothes. 给我一点时间换衣服。
He was miserable unless he had neighbors with whom to quarrel. 他要是没有邻居吵架就难受。
注意，该结构中的介词不能没有，也不能位于不定式后面：在那儿孩子们有个玩耍的花园。
正：There the children had a garden in which to play. (很正式)正：There the children had a garden in which they could play. (较正式)正：There the children had a garden to play in. (较口语化)误：There the children had a garden which to play in.2. 将定语从句转化为分词短语有时为了简洁起见可将定语从句转化为分词短语作定语：Who’s the girl who is sitting beside Jim? / Who’s the girl sitting beside Jim? 坐在吉姆旁边的女孩是谁？Most of the people who were invited to the party were teachers. / Most of the people invited to the party were teachers. 应邀参加晚会大多数是教师。
Anyone who touches that wire will get a shock. / Anyone touching that wire will get ashock.任何人触到那根电线都会遭到电击。
定语从句复习3--非限制性定语从句及从句的运用
第二步，从两个分句中确定一个作 主句。其原则是看哪个句子 能起概括作用，且合成定语从句后符合英语习惯和语法要求
(1) The woman is over there. You met her in the street. (2) I often go to the factory. My father once worked in it. (3) The time is mentioned in the letter. He was a slave at that time. (4). The reason is known to us . He was late for this reason. (5) He gave me a book as a gift. Its cover was red.
• Her brother, who is now a soldier, always encourages her to go to college.
她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。
. All the books that have pictures in them are well written.
例3 那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘 出它的美丽。(It…)（2003） It’s very hard for those
________________________________ to describe who haven’t been to the small village its beauty.
(5) He gave me a book as a gift. whose cover was red. He gave me a book whose cover was red as a gift.
英语的定语从句总结
英语的定语从句总结英语的定语从句总结所谓定语从句，就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句。
下面是小编分享给大家的英语的定语从句总结，希望对大家有帮助。
英语的定语从句总结1一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、由who, whom, that，Whose引导的从句这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who作主语指人，whom作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略)，可以指人也可以指物。
Whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语。
(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)(3) The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师(4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。
2、由which, that引导的从句它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，作宾语时可以省略，例如：(1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
(which / that在从句中作主语)(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那个包裹快要散开了。
(which / that在从句中作宾语)注意：代表物时多用which，但在下列情况中用that而不用which：a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时;b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时，这时的that常被省略;c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时;d)先行词中既有人又有物时;e)整个句中前面已有which，who,that时;f)当先行词为物并作表语时;g)先行词为one时;h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时;二、关系副词引导的定语从句1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用I still remember the day when I first came to the school.2、where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语 Shanghai is the city where I was born.3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语，用在reason 后面。
定语从句 3 --- 关系副词
二、关系副词与关系代词的联系 关系副词的含义相当于“介词+ which/whom”结构
1. I shall never forget the day on which we first met. I shall never forget the day when we first met. 2. Beijing is the place in which I was born. Beijing is the place where I was born. 3. Is this the reason for which he refused our offer? Is this the reason why he refused our offer? when = on (in, at, during…) + which where = in (at, on…) + which why = for which
1. The library ______ ________ I often borrow books from which is not far from here. The library _______ I often borrow books is not far where from here. on which 2. Is this the bus ____ _______ you left your umbrella? Is this the bus ____________ you left your umbrella? where on _______ 3. October 1,1949 was the day _____ which the People’s Republic of China was founded . when October 1,1949 was the day __________ the People’s Republic of China was founded .
定语从句 3 Book 1_U3_语法
定语从句（三）非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句起补充附带说明的作用，缺少它也不会影响全句的理解，译为汉语时常常不译作定语，而根据句意翻译为相应的其他形式的从句。
它与主语的关系不像限定性定语从句的关系那样密切。
在非限定性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开，如果把非限定性定语从句放在句子中间，其前后都要用逗号与主句隔开。
②引导非限定性定语从句的关系副词主要有when, where。
不可用why。
2. 运用非限定性定语从句的情况：（1）关系代词指代整个主句内容e.g. Our new house has a lovely garden, which makes us very happy.（2）当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。
例如：Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.（3）当出现some, many, few, a few, little, much, most, two of which, whom等结构时e.g. You’ve made many mistakes, most of which were due to your carelessness,非限制性定语从句主要在以下方面不同于限制性定语从句：⑴非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切，它不是对先行词进行修饰或确定，只是对先行词作些附加的说明。
专有名词通常被非限制性定语从句所修饰。
例如：地名，人名，国家名等。
⑵非限制性定语从句不是先行词必不可少的修饰语，因此如果去掉从句，主句的意思仍然清楚。
⑶从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，翻译时复合句通常译成两句话。
⑷与限制性定语从句一样，非限制性定语从句也可用关系代词who, which, whom, whose, as 和关系副词when, where, why 引导。
that不引导非限制性定语从句。
初中英语语法大全：定语从句3
初中英语语法大全：定语从句摘要：语法是掌握英语的一个基础，打好这个基础会使你分析文章更容易，也能够写出很好的句式，小编整理了初中英语语法大全，供大家学习参考。
1在复合句中做定语的从句称为定语从句，它可以用来修饰名词或代词。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
定语从句必须放在先行词后面。
2引导定语从句的词通常被称为关系词。
关系词一般位于先行词与定语从句之间，且作为定语从句的一个成分。
关系词又分为关系代词和关系副词。
I 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。
例如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。
例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
例如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
定语从句三要素
定语从句三要素定语从句三要素引导语：定语从句三要素是呢？接下来是店铺为你带来收集整理的文章，欢迎阅读！I.从句中缺少主、宾、表：who(m) that which (as)1. Love is one big illusion I should try to forget(少宾语illusion)是一种假象，我应该试图去忘记它2. but there is something left in my head (=that is left in my head)但是总有一些事情停留在我的脑海里挥之不去3. You're the one who set it up now(少主语the one)你就是让我产生爱的那个人，4. you're the one to make it stop (=who made it stop)但是你现在也要让它停止5. I'm the one who's feeling lost right now(少主语the one)此时此刻我感到迷茫6. Now you want me to forget every little thing you said(少宾语every little thing)你要我忘记你说的任何事情7. but there is something left in my head (=that is left in my head)但总有些事情我忘不掉8. I won't forget the way you're kissing(少宾语the way——用that或inwhich，常省略)我忘不了我们的吻9. The feelings so strong were lasting for so long那感觉多么强烈，而且会永远留在我心中10. But I'm not the man your heart is missing(少宾语the man)但是我不是你心所的那个人11. That's why you go away I know (I know That's why you go away)我也知道那就是离去的原因II.从句中缺少状语：when(时间)where(地点)why(原因)[=介词+which]12. Soledad, it's a keeping for the lonely since the day that you were gone.(少状语on the day;口语中常用that代替when、where、why)从你走后，我便开始了孤独的守候13. Why did you leave me? Soledad,in my heart you were the only, and your memory lives on.你为何要离我而去? 我心中你就是唯一，你走了却留下记忆。
定语从句三原则
定语从句三原则定语从句是英语语法中的一种重要句型，它可以用来修饰名词或代词，使动词后面的主语、宾语或其他成分更加具体和明确。
在英语中，定语从句的构成相对简单，但其应用还是需要遵循一定的规则，本文将介绍定语从句的三个原则，并为读者提供相关的例子和实用技巧。
一、关系词的选择关系词是定语从句中的核心，它能够连接主句和从句，表示它们之间的关系。
常用的关系词有：that、which、who、whose、whom、when和where等。
选择哪个关系词要看两个方面：首先，要看关系词所连接的先行词是人还是事物，是单数还是复数，是主语还是宾语等；其次，要看关系词在从句中所起的作用，是主语、宾语还是表语等。
关于选择关系词，有以下几个原则：1.人：who或that例如：The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister.那个穿着红色连衣裙的女孩是我的妹妹。
The teacher that I met yesterday is very kind.我昨天遇见的那位老师非常友好。
2.事物：which、that或不用关系词例如：The book which/that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.我从图书馆借来的书很有趣。
The pen that I lost yesterday was blue.昨天我丢的那枝钢笔是蓝色的。
Tom has a bike and a car. The bike is new.汤姆有一辆自行车和一辆汽车，这辆自行车是新的。
3.所有格：whoseThe girl whose bag was stolen was crying.那个被偷了包的女孩正在哭泣。
4.宾语（人或物）：whom或that例如：The woman whom/that I saw yesterday is a doctor. 我昨天看见的那个女人是一名医生。
英语语法顺口溜：定语从句3-that用法
★这篇《英语语法顺⼝溜：定语从句3 - that⽤法》，是⽆忧考特地为⼤家整理的，希望对⼤家有所帮助！
that⽤法真有趣，两个地⽅它不去；
逗号后边它不去，介词之后不考虑；
That做为关系代词，不可⽤在⾮限制性定语从句中，即不可⽤在逗号后边；定语从句中介词之后也不可使⽤。
在逗号或介词后，指物时⽤which,指⼈时⽤who或whom。
例句1）They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.
A. whom
B. who
C. which
D. that
解析：在介词of之后指物，选择C which。
例句 2）The engineer with _____my father works is about 50 years old.
A. whose
B. who
C. which
D. whom
解析：选择 D whom。
介词后指⼈。
例句 3）The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.
A. which
B. that
C. whom
D. who
解析：选择 D who。
逗号后指⼈，在定语从句中做主语。
非限制性定语从句 (3)
高考链接-- 2010
1. (10福建24) Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet _____ B life has developed gradually. A. that B. where C. which D. who 2. (10湖南28) I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school _____ A I met in the English speech contest last year. A. who B. where C. when D. which
C. whom
D. these
4. All the neighbor admire this family, ____ B the parents are treating their child like a
friend. (2008安徽卷)
A. why B. where C. which D. that
他有个儿子，他儿子想当演员。
区别三：（关系词）
1.限定从中关系词省略，非限制从句中关系词不可省。 2.在非限制性从句中，不可以用that
1.Xi’an __________________I visited last year is a very (which/ that) beautiful city. 我去年去过的城市西安是个美丽的城市
1.The novel which/that I read last night is very interesting. 2.The novel is very interesting, which made me very glad.
定语从句 (3)
初识定语从句一、了解定语从句及相关术语1. 定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面，相当于形容词在句中作定语。
2. 先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
3. 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose，as等；关系副词有where，when，why等。
关系词有三个作用：1.连接作用（即引导定语从句）。
2.代替先行词3在定语从句的担当一个成分。
He is the man who I want to see.他就是我想见的人。
先行词关系词定语从句二、掌握关系代词及其作用最常用的关系代词是who, whom, whose, that，which和as。
关系代词同时起了两个作用。
它们可以像别的代词一样，可以代表一个名词，在定语从句中用作主语或宾语，同时，它们又起到了连词的作用，把主句和从句连接起来。
1. who指人，在定语从句中一般做主语。
如：Do you know the man who is speaking to your father? 你认识和你爸爸讲话的那个人吗？(定语从句修饰先行词the man，who在定语从句中作is speaking的主语）This is the stranger who helped us yesterday. 这是昨天帮助我们的那个陌生人。
She is the girl who works hard at maths. 她就是那个努力学习数学的女孩。
2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。
在口语或非正式文体中，whom可以省略。
如：He is the man (whom) we just talked about. 他就是我们刚才谈论的那个人。
The boy (whom) we met in the street yesterday is my classmate.我们昨天在大街上遇到的那个男孩是我的同学。
定语从句(完整版)3
你能看出来，他是个好老师 我们都能看出来，他在工作中表现很好 正如你能看到的一样，他不是我们要找的人
不做主语时可省略 ④ 先行词是人时，可用 who whom that，介词后只能用whom。先行词是
物时可用which that ⑤ 造定语从句流程：提主句-找先行词-从句置后
who whom that
• 住我们隔壁的那个人是我的老师 • 我从来没见过你跟我说的那个人 • 昨天来我们家的那个人是我爸爸的朋友 • 打碎窗户的那个小男孩叫Tom • 你不能指望撒谎的人（count on） • 你昨天见到的那个人就是我 • 我不喜欢那些说话没个停的人 • 我喜欢那些热爱自己工作的人 • 我不认识你说的那个人 • 你将要见的人会说5门语言 • 今天要来我们公司人女孩很漂亮
• 我有很多朋友，他们大部分都住在北京 • 他给我讲了三个故事，第一个是最有趣的 • 我买了一打啤酒，一半都被我喝了 • 聚会上有很多人，很多都是女的
非限定性定语从句
• 他没完成作业，这让我很恼火 • 他通过了面试，这让他很兴奋 • 他没理解我的意思，这让我很意外 • 他总是很安静，这让老师们都认为他是个好学生 • 他在工作中表现不错，这让他的老板很满意 • 他为她付出了很多，这让她很感动
他们去北京了，我在那里待过几年 我要去图书馆，那里可以呆到凌晨 北京是个大城市，我在这里出生的 成都是个漂亮的城市，很多人都回去
+of which/whom
• 他写了两部小说，两部买的都很好 • 他买了两本书，哪本都没意思 • 他有三部 ，每一部都在3000元以上 • 他有很多玩具，所有的他都很喜欢
那部电影很好看，主角是成龙 那本书买的很好，作者是李龙 那套房子很好，主人是我的一个朋友 那个小男孩是被他爷爷奶奶养大的，他父母5年 前去世了 我见过那个人，他的头发是黄色的 我有个朋友，他的父亲是医生
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The supermarket which/that was opened last week is a very modern one.
• 在定语从句中能作宾语的关系代词有 who,whom,which,that其中who, whom用于指人 which用于指物that既可指人也可指物。
– 如: The suit which/that the tailor made for me doesn‟t fit me. The man whom/that I beat in the tennis game was my father.
• (10)习惯用法中that 可以用作关系副词代替(in, .on, for) which及 when where, why, 而且that可 省略 The way that (in which) you look at problem is wrong. I never forget the day (when, that, on which) I went to school 20years ago. Do you know anywhere (that, where) I can get a drink? I „d like to know the reason (that, why, for which) you won‟t come.
定语从句
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句， 它的作用相当于一个形容词。 定语从句通常位于它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种 名词或代词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词为关系 代词或关系副词。 关系代词在定语从句中可作主语、宾语和定语；关系 副词在定语从句中只作状语。
• 1、先行词 注意被定语从句所修饰的先行词的 特点，即是人还是物，以及将要在定语从句中 所充当的成分。
• n 只用that不用which的情况： （1）先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 如:The first place that we visited was the Great Wall. This is the best film that has ever been made. （2）先行词前有only,few,little,right,any,all, one等修饰时 The only furniture (that) he had in the room was a chair and a small desk. There is little time that we can use. (3) 先行词是不定代词some, all, anything,little,much,something,everything,noth ing,none等时 That is all (that) I want to say. Is there anything (that) I can do for you?
n
在定语从句中作方式状语的关 系 副 词 常 被 省 略 如 :
• This is the way (how) he worked out the problem.
n 介词如果在定语从句的句 首时,作宾语的关系代词只能用 whom, which且不可省略
如: The man with whom you shook hands just now is the head of our department. =The man whom you shook hands with just now is the head of our department. This is the book to which I referred in my talk. =This is the book (which) I referred to in my talk.
– 如： The student who answered the question was my friend. (先行词是student在定语从句中充当主语) The girl you met just now is my sister. (先行词是girl 在定语从句中作宾语)
• 2.关系代词、关系副词
• (11)当先行词前有the same修饰时或当先 行词和关系代词指同一人或物时 This is the same man that /who I told you about. • This is the book that I bought yesterday.
• 只用who的情况。 (1)先行词为those指人 Those who want to go there raise your hands. (2)there be (live)结构中先行词指人 There is a young man outside who asks for you. There lived a king who was kind to his people. (3)先行词为指人的不定代词one,anyone,no one, all, nobody, any body, none等 Anyone who broke the window would be punished. We should learn from the one who benefits us.
• n 非限制性定语从句和先行词关系不 紧密用逗号和主句分开,另译作一句,作为 一种补充说明即使去掉从句，主句的意 思仍然清楚而限制性定语从句和先行词 关系紧密从句不能去掉,如果去掉意思就 不清楚且主句和从句之间无逗号一般译 在先行词前面。
• n 除that不可以引导非限制性定语从句外其 他关系代词和关系副词均可引导非限制性定语 从句。
• n 选用关系副词不能光看先行词是否 是表示时间，地点和原因的名词，而必 须分析从句谓语动词与先行词之间的逻 辑关系。如果关系词在从句中作主语或 宾语则他仍须用关系代词which或that
• 如： We will never forget the day, which we spent together. I like to take my vacation in the mountain, which is quiet and beautiful. That is the reason, which he gave us for his action.
• n
只用which不用that的情况：
– （1）引导非限制性定语从句时 Bamboo is hollow，which makes it very light （2）当关系代词前有介词时 The room in which my family live used to be a garage （3）当先行词本身为that时 ：That which you told him about is what we want to know你告诉他的正是 我们想知道的
– All the books，which have pictures have been sent to them. He has a brother who is a doctor.他有一个当医生的 兄弟。（也许不止一个兄弟） He has a brother ,who is a doctor.他有个兄弟，他是 一个医生。
•
在定语从句中能作定语的关系代词有whose或 theபைடு நூலகம்+名词+of+which
– 如: He lives in the room whose door is green. =He lives in the room the door of which is green. The girl whose father is a teacher studies very well. =The girl the father of whom is a teacher studies very well.
• n as 引导限制性定语从句时,先行词常 用such和same修饰,as在从句中不省略如:
– He used such expressions as he could find n the tests. They stayed for the night in the same room as they had once rented.
• n 定语从句修饰of前面的词还是of后面的词, 要看of前面的词是否有定冠词修饰。 • 如: Tom is one of the boys who were late this morning. (汤姆是所有早上迟到的男孩中的一 员) Tom is the only one of the boys who was late this morning. ( 汤姆是所有男孩中早上迟到的 唯一个)
• n which在所引导的非限制性定语从句，有 时可以修饰整个主句即代替主句的意义。
– The examination has been put off，which is what we want.考试被推迟了，这正是我们希望的。 – Mary was late again ,which made her teacher angry. 玛丽又迟到了，这使她的老师非常生气。
– 4.The reason _______I have not done my homework is there are too many difficult points.
Exercises:
– 1. There are 102 elements(化学元素) found in nature,_________are metals 2. The house ______roof was damaged has now been repaired. 3. I have never been to Rome but that‟s the city I‟d most like to visit.