超前地质预报系统TRT
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three-dimensional space for each source-receiver pair 每对震源和传感器的反射波总传播时间在三维空间定义了一个椭球
Tunnel
传感器
Receiver
震
Source 源
Receiver
传感器
Reflector
反射物
True reflector location requires a number of ellipsoids for different source-receiver pairs
Reflection of visual light (similar to seismic reflector tracing)
Blocade of light (shadow) (similar to seismic tomography)
Imaging features in any universe
Charge Crushed rock
Fractured rock
Elastic strain; P-wave radiation
E
Inelastic energy loss
Seismic energy output
Trigger
Time
Seismic impact sources:
Hammer strike
TRT seismic surveys in tunnels
TBM隧道应用TRT地震仪勘测时震源和传感器标准的位置
传感器
传感器
Baidu Nhomakorabea
110V AC Power generator or commercial AC power
Hammer
Power strip
Seismograph power supply
入射传播时间“Ti”
反射阶段传播时间
Travel time "Ti" from source to reflector
“Tr”
Travel time "Tr" from Reflector to receiver
Receiver
震 Source
源
Ti
传感器
Tr
Reflector
反射物
反射波总传播时间: Total travel time for reflected waves (Tt = Ti + Tr) defines ellipsoid in
No drilling and explosives Crushed rock
Inelastic energy loss
Seismic energy output
Time
Fractured rock
Problems in tight spaces
S-waves
S-waves
P-waves
Elastic strain
TRT6000超前地质预报系统
铁科院铁建所
TRT6000超前地质预报系统
① 是一种全新的地质超前预报设备 ② 采用的是美国国家安全局研发的最 新地震波反射追踪技术
一种全新的地质超前预报设备。
二十世纪六十年代,在美国先进技术发 展计划基金支持下,美国国家安全局网罗了 众多资深地球物理学家应用地震波勘测技术 来研究地层应力消除现象及地层结构扫描成 像,简称TRT技术。
TRT6000超前地质预报系统
---无线数据采集的硬件系统---
主机
主要部件运输箱
基站 无线模块
布置方式和数据采集
A2 A7
A4 A9
A5 A10
A2 A3 A3 A8 A4 A5 A6
A7 A8
A6 A9 A10 A11 A11
2.TRT6000的特点
① 操作简单 ② 成本低,实现“零”成本测试 ③ 设备可靠度高和适应性强 ④ 采集信息量大,形象的绘制三维
Swept frequeny source
Near 0 inelastic deformation energy loss at any ground
Very high trigger repeatability Controlled source spectrum
A
Fe
Fs Spectrum
Trigger
Trigger
Power
Seismograph
Ch-s 13-24 Ch-s (1)2-12
SeismogrCaphh. 1
Amplifier
Signal lines DC power AC power
Array of accelerometers
Block-schematic for wired TRT™ surveys using hammer as source.
ON CHARGINOGN CSHAAMRPGLIINNGG SAMEPRLRIONGR
ERROR
3. Strike the Hammer 锤击
Hammer
Trigger signal
Base station
Laptop for wireless TRT data acquisition and processing
(303) 449-1999
ON CHARGINOGN CSHAAMRPGLIINNGG SAMEPRLRIONGR
ERROR
AWTOOTH
WIRELESS SENSORS, LLC
59 Mesa St. (PO Box 85) Jamestown, CO, USA 80455
(303) 449-1999
E
Limited inelastic deformation;
depends on rock strength
No-control frequency spectrum
Directional P- and S-waves
Trigger
Moderate wave decay
More consistent trigger
P-waves (dilatational particle motion)
S-waves (lateral motion)
Side view
S-wave surface relatives:
Raileigh waves & Love waves
View along trajectory
SH or
ADVANTAGES
No commercial power; No expensive seismograph; No cable lines; Less total weight and volume; Better resolution of seismic signals
Block-schematic for wireless TRT™ surveys using hammer as source.
Comparison of seismic record for the same gain recorded by wired seismograph (top)
Array of accelerometers connected to remote wireless modules
Wireless seismic data acquisition User Interface
测试过程“简单”
• 震源只需要用8磅的锤锤击表面的岩体 或固结的混凝土。
• 准备时间短,对施工扰动小采集时间仅 需10分钟。
A11
10 to 20m
A5
Accelerometers
A10
传感器
A2 A7
D&B tunnel
A3
A2 A3
5m
A8
A4 A5 A6
5m
A7 A8
5m
A4
A6
A9
A11
A9 A10 A11
隧道横断面图
Tunnel cross-section
Tunnel plan view 隧道平面图
Standard pattern of source and receiver locations for
Using hammer as impact source 用锤击作为振源
弥补失误“简单”
• 由人控制锤击产生地震波、对 周围岩体没有产生挤压、破坏现 象 ,对于接收不好的测试信号, 可简单重复测试,操作简单。
And the data is collected 采集到的地震波数据
Source @ S2
用铁锤作为震源TRT系统的单元结构图
TRT6000 Wireless Seismic System is Easy to Use
AWTOOTH
WIRELESS SENSORS, LLC
59 Mesa St. (PO Box 85) Jamestown, CO, USA 80455
(303) 449-1999
实际上反射物位置的确定需要很多震源-传感器定义的椭球
2、主要部分组成
① 主机 ② 基站 ③ 无线模块 ④ 传感器 ⑤ 触发器
---无线数据采集的硬件系统---
TRT6000超前地质预报系统
仪器运输箱
TRT6000超前地质预报系统
仪器运输箱,总重28kg,可由一人长距离搬运,尺寸: 55cm*43Cm*22Cm,47cm*36cm*22cm.
Coupling accelerometers to softer ground surface (e.g. salt). –Approach 2
Tools
Section
Mounted accelerometer
A5 A10
A2
A3
A7
A8
TBM tunnel
2m
震源点
A4
A6
Source points A9
• 2006年,为推广这一先进技术,美 国C-Thru公司从国家安全局继承了相 关资产,与中国铁道科学研究院联合 推出了TRT6000超前地质预报系统。
1、工作原理
地震波反射
在于当地震波遇到声学阻抗差异(密度和 波速的乘积)界面时,一部分信号被反射 回来,一部分信号透射进入前方介质。声 学阻抗的变化通常发生在地质岩层界面或 岩体内不连续界面。
A2
Source @ S5
A2
A3
A3
A4
A4
A5
A5
A6
A6
A7
A7
A8
A8
A9
A9
0
TIME, ms
65
0
TIME, ms
65
Comparison of seismic data from wired (red), and
wireless (blue) TRT survey in real tunnel.
立体图,对于多种不良地质体反应 敏感。 ⑤ 可提供优质的售后服务。
① 操作简单
• 现场布置“简单” • 测试过程“简单” • 弥补失误“简单”
现场布置“简单”
• 用6毫米的钻头打3.5厘米深的孔。
• 在固定块上抹上膨胀性快干水泥,把 固定块固定在隧道边墙和洞顶表面。
• 传感器通过螺丝安装在固定块上,从 而实现传感器和岩体的紧密耦合。
SV
Seismic waves in the ground
Seismic impact sources: Blast
Significant inelastic deformation Lower, no-control frequency
spectrum 3D radiation - mostly P-waves Faster signal decay Trigger repeatability problem Required drilling Dealing w. explosives
ON CHARGINOGN CSHAAMRPGLIINNGG SAMEPRLRIONGR
ERROR
1. Turn on the Remote Modules 无线模块上电
2. Enable the Hammer Trigger 开启铁锤触发器
AWTOOTH
WIRELESS SENSORS, LLC
59 Mesa St. (PO Box 85) Jamestown, CO, USA 80455
Directional P- and S-waves
Source
Operational in tight spots
Applicable at the rock surface
Reflection
and in drilled holes Requires additional signal
Impact-like record
Trigger Tt
Time
processing to generate
Source
impact-like records
S-waves
S-waves
Elastic strain P-waves
反射的地震信号被高灵敏地震信号传 感器接收,反射体的尺寸越大,声学 阻抗差别越大,回波就越明显,越容 易探测到。通过分析,被用来了解隧 道工作面前方地质体的性质(软弱带、 破碎带、断层、含水等),位置、形 状、大小。
Tunnel
传感器
Receiver
震
Source 源
Receiver
传感器
Reflector
反射物
True reflector location requires a number of ellipsoids for different source-receiver pairs
Reflection of visual light (similar to seismic reflector tracing)
Blocade of light (shadow) (similar to seismic tomography)
Imaging features in any universe
Charge Crushed rock
Fractured rock
Elastic strain; P-wave radiation
E
Inelastic energy loss
Seismic energy output
Trigger
Time
Seismic impact sources:
Hammer strike
TRT seismic surveys in tunnels
TBM隧道应用TRT地震仪勘测时震源和传感器标准的位置
传感器
传感器
Baidu Nhomakorabea
110V AC Power generator or commercial AC power
Hammer
Power strip
Seismograph power supply
入射传播时间“Ti”
反射阶段传播时间
Travel time "Ti" from source to reflector
“Tr”
Travel time "Tr" from Reflector to receiver
Receiver
震 Source
源
Ti
传感器
Tr
Reflector
反射物
反射波总传播时间: Total travel time for reflected waves (Tt = Ti + Tr) defines ellipsoid in
No drilling and explosives Crushed rock
Inelastic energy loss
Seismic energy output
Time
Fractured rock
Problems in tight spaces
S-waves
S-waves
P-waves
Elastic strain
TRT6000超前地质预报系统
铁科院铁建所
TRT6000超前地质预报系统
① 是一种全新的地质超前预报设备 ② 采用的是美国国家安全局研发的最 新地震波反射追踪技术
一种全新的地质超前预报设备。
二十世纪六十年代,在美国先进技术发 展计划基金支持下,美国国家安全局网罗了 众多资深地球物理学家应用地震波勘测技术 来研究地层应力消除现象及地层结构扫描成 像,简称TRT技术。
TRT6000超前地质预报系统
---无线数据采集的硬件系统---
主机
主要部件运输箱
基站 无线模块
布置方式和数据采集
A2 A7
A4 A9
A5 A10
A2 A3 A3 A8 A4 A5 A6
A7 A8
A6 A9 A10 A11 A11
2.TRT6000的特点
① 操作简单 ② 成本低,实现“零”成本测试 ③ 设备可靠度高和适应性强 ④ 采集信息量大,形象的绘制三维
Swept frequeny source
Near 0 inelastic deformation energy loss at any ground
Very high trigger repeatability Controlled source spectrum
A
Fe
Fs Spectrum
Trigger
Trigger
Power
Seismograph
Ch-s 13-24 Ch-s (1)2-12
SeismogrCaphh. 1
Amplifier
Signal lines DC power AC power
Array of accelerometers
Block-schematic for wired TRT™ surveys using hammer as source.
ON CHARGINOGN CSHAAMRPGLIINNGG SAMEPRLRIONGR
ERROR
3. Strike the Hammer 锤击
Hammer
Trigger signal
Base station
Laptop for wireless TRT data acquisition and processing
(303) 449-1999
ON CHARGINOGN CSHAAMRPGLIINNGG SAMEPRLRIONGR
ERROR
AWTOOTH
WIRELESS SENSORS, LLC
59 Mesa St. (PO Box 85) Jamestown, CO, USA 80455
(303) 449-1999
E
Limited inelastic deformation;
depends on rock strength
No-control frequency spectrum
Directional P- and S-waves
Trigger
Moderate wave decay
More consistent trigger
P-waves (dilatational particle motion)
S-waves (lateral motion)
Side view
S-wave surface relatives:
Raileigh waves & Love waves
View along trajectory
SH or
ADVANTAGES
No commercial power; No expensive seismograph; No cable lines; Less total weight and volume; Better resolution of seismic signals
Block-schematic for wireless TRT™ surveys using hammer as source.
Comparison of seismic record for the same gain recorded by wired seismograph (top)
Array of accelerometers connected to remote wireless modules
Wireless seismic data acquisition User Interface
测试过程“简单”
• 震源只需要用8磅的锤锤击表面的岩体 或固结的混凝土。
• 准备时间短,对施工扰动小采集时间仅 需10分钟。
A11
10 to 20m
A5
Accelerometers
A10
传感器
A2 A7
D&B tunnel
A3
A2 A3
5m
A8
A4 A5 A6
5m
A7 A8
5m
A4
A6
A9
A11
A9 A10 A11
隧道横断面图
Tunnel cross-section
Tunnel plan view 隧道平面图
Standard pattern of source and receiver locations for
Using hammer as impact source 用锤击作为振源
弥补失误“简单”
• 由人控制锤击产生地震波、对 周围岩体没有产生挤压、破坏现 象 ,对于接收不好的测试信号, 可简单重复测试,操作简单。
And the data is collected 采集到的地震波数据
Source @ S2
用铁锤作为震源TRT系统的单元结构图
TRT6000 Wireless Seismic System is Easy to Use
AWTOOTH
WIRELESS SENSORS, LLC
59 Mesa St. (PO Box 85) Jamestown, CO, USA 80455
(303) 449-1999
实际上反射物位置的确定需要很多震源-传感器定义的椭球
2、主要部分组成
① 主机 ② 基站 ③ 无线模块 ④ 传感器 ⑤ 触发器
---无线数据采集的硬件系统---
TRT6000超前地质预报系统
仪器运输箱
TRT6000超前地质预报系统
仪器运输箱,总重28kg,可由一人长距离搬运,尺寸: 55cm*43Cm*22Cm,47cm*36cm*22cm.
Coupling accelerometers to softer ground surface (e.g. salt). –Approach 2
Tools
Section
Mounted accelerometer
A5 A10
A2
A3
A7
A8
TBM tunnel
2m
震源点
A4
A6
Source points A9
• 2006年,为推广这一先进技术,美 国C-Thru公司从国家安全局继承了相 关资产,与中国铁道科学研究院联合 推出了TRT6000超前地质预报系统。
1、工作原理
地震波反射
在于当地震波遇到声学阻抗差异(密度和 波速的乘积)界面时,一部分信号被反射 回来,一部分信号透射进入前方介质。声 学阻抗的变化通常发生在地质岩层界面或 岩体内不连续界面。
A2
Source @ S5
A2
A3
A3
A4
A4
A5
A5
A6
A6
A7
A7
A8
A8
A9
A9
0
TIME, ms
65
0
TIME, ms
65
Comparison of seismic data from wired (red), and
wireless (blue) TRT survey in real tunnel.
立体图,对于多种不良地质体反应 敏感。 ⑤ 可提供优质的售后服务。
① 操作简单
• 现场布置“简单” • 测试过程“简单” • 弥补失误“简单”
现场布置“简单”
• 用6毫米的钻头打3.5厘米深的孔。
• 在固定块上抹上膨胀性快干水泥,把 固定块固定在隧道边墙和洞顶表面。
• 传感器通过螺丝安装在固定块上,从 而实现传感器和岩体的紧密耦合。
SV
Seismic waves in the ground
Seismic impact sources: Blast
Significant inelastic deformation Lower, no-control frequency
spectrum 3D radiation - mostly P-waves Faster signal decay Trigger repeatability problem Required drilling Dealing w. explosives
ON CHARGINOGN CSHAAMRPGLIINNGG SAMEPRLRIONGR
ERROR
1. Turn on the Remote Modules 无线模块上电
2. Enable the Hammer Trigger 开启铁锤触发器
AWTOOTH
WIRELESS SENSORS, LLC
59 Mesa St. (PO Box 85) Jamestown, CO, USA 80455
Directional P- and S-waves
Source
Operational in tight spots
Applicable at the rock surface
Reflection
and in drilled holes Requires additional signal
Impact-like record
Trigger Tt
Time
processing to generate
Source
impact-like records
S-waves
S-waves
Elastic strain P-waves
反射的地震信号被高灵敏地震信号传 感器接收,反射体的尺寸越大,声学 阻抗差别越大,回波就越明显,越容 易探测到。通过分析,被用来了解隧 道工作面前方地质体的性质(软弱带、 破碎带、断层、含水等),位置、形 状、大小。