上外翻译I笔记(第十二讲)

第十二讲语序长句

●导入译例

Rural America 美国农村

Interior China 中国内地

Official Washington 华盛顿官方

Corporate giant 大公司

Consumer durables 耐用消费品

Love triangle 三角恋

Model wonna-bes 想成为模特的女孩子们

There are many wonderful stories to tell about the places I visited and the people I met.

我访问了一些地方，遇到不少人，要谈起来，奇妙的事可多着呢

James Brindley of Staffordshire started his self-made career in 1733 by working at mill wheels, at the age of 17, having been born in a poor village.

斯坦福郡的James Brindley，出身于一个贫苦的农村家庭。1773年，他17岁，就着手改良磨坊的车轮，从而开始了他那自我奋斗的生涯

●英汉语序对比之一：前后有别（时间顺序不同）

He was given a chair and asked to wait a little as darkness came on, then suddenly the whole bridge was outlined in lights.

天快黑了，有人给了他一把椅子，请他坐下等一会儿。忽然电灯全亮了，照出整座大桥的轮廓

It would have been difficult to find a happier child than I was as I lay in my crib at the close of that eventful day and lived over the joys it had brought me, and for the first time longed for a new day to come.

在这个意义重大的日子即将结束的时候，我躺在自己的小床上回顾一天的快乐，第一次，渴望着新一天的到来。恐怕再也找不到比我更幸福的小孩子了

●英汉语序对比之一：前后有别（逻辑顺序不同）

He was daring and resourceful besides being a fine shot.

他不权枪法好，而且有勇有谋

Animals become indifferent to their young as soon as their young can look after themselves, but human beings, owing to the length of infancy, find this difficult.

动物，一旦他们的后代能够自己照顾自己，它们就不管了；但是人，由于抚养子女的时间长，是难以做到这一点的

The feeling of shame at what might be called “running after” him was smothered by the dread that he might not be there, that she might not see him at all, and by that dogged resolve—somehow, she did not know—to win him back.

她深怕他也许不在场，深怕见不到他，同时下定了决心要把他夺回来，想法子夺回来，至于怎样夺法，她也不知道；有这些缘故，所以纵使有人说她“追他”，她也不觉得难为情

To his surprise, his date did not turn up at all.

使他惊讶的是，他的约会对象根本没有露面

他的约会对象根本没有露面，这使他很惊讶（汉语先交待客观事实，再给出主观看法）

I welcome the opportunities created for Hong Kong by the election of Mr. Tung Chee-hua as chief executive of the Hong Kong SAR.

董建华先生当选香港特别行政区行政长官，为香港发展创造了机遇，对此我谨表示欢迎The college student caught cheating does not even blush. He shrugs his shoulders and comments:”Everybody does it, and besides, I can’t see that it really hurts anybody.”

大学生考试作弊被发现，连脸都不红，而只是耸耸肩，振振有词地说“大家都这么干，再者，我看这实在不会损害任何人”（否定转移）

At any rate, she cannot grow many degrees worse, without authorizing us to lock her up for the rest of her life.

不管怎么说，她要是变得更坏的话，那我们以后就把她一辈子关在家里（双重否定表达肯定）

●英汉语序对比之一：灵活度有别

He had returned the previous evening from a tour of the countryside and wanted to go through the papers that had accumulated in his absence before visiting hours.

他去乡间旅行，头一天晚上刚回来。这期间积下了许多公文，他打算在会客时间开始之前先处理一下（英语靠时态来区分前后关系，汉语靠语序）

I shall remember always the mysterious, beautiful sensation of well-being I felt, when I was small, to hear my grandmother to talk of the supers she used to eat at boarding school.

幼年时，我常听到到祖母讲她在寄宿学校吃的是什么晚餐，我永远不会忘记听到她的回忆时我内心油然而生的那种莫名其妙的幸福感（先客观后主观）

In his two visits to the United States, Jamaica’s Prime Minister, in response to the World Bank’s repeated urges, suggested the message to the US policy makers for good of both countries, particularly in the matter of bilateral monetary affairs.

在世界银行的多次敦促下，为了牙买加和美国的共同利益，特别是双边金融事务方面的共同利益，牙买加总理在最近两次访美时向美国决策者表述了上述意见（先原因后结果）

I was on my way home from tramping about the streets, my drawings under my arm, when I found myself in front of the gallery.

我夹着画稿，在街上兜了一圈，回家的路上，无意中发现自己逛到了画廊门口

In Africa I met a boy, who was crying as if his heart would break and said, when I spoke to him, that he was hungry because he had had no food for two days.

在非洲，我遇到一个小孩，他哭得伤心极了，我问他时，他说他很饿，两天没有吃饭了There was little hope of continuing my inquiries after dark to any useful purpose in a neighborhood that was strange to me.

这一带我不熟悉，天黑以后继续进行调查，取得结果的可能性不大

有什么吃什么

I’d like to eat whatever you have

吃什么有什么

I have whatever you’d like to eat

改革步伐加快

The reformation process has been sped up.

加快改革步伐

The reformation process must be sped up.

●句子翻译六步

句子为什么长？1）后置修饰语多；2）联合成分多；3）句法结构复杂，层次迭出

句子翻译六步：紧缩主干（找出SV、SVO等；识别谓语形态，确定时态语态语气）