异化技巧在翻译中的运用

Foreignization in translation摘要：翻译是语言间的转换，更是文化之间的交流，然后不同的民族由于民族历史、社会制度、生活方式以至地理环境的差别，其民族文化存在着各种或大或小的差异，因而翻译时就需要采取不同策略。

本文从文化差异角度探讨异化翻译策略的翻译过程中对保留原作审美特色，而且能够抵御文化霸权和侵略，更好地促进国际文化交流的重要性。

关键字：异化、文化差异、国际文化交流Abstract:Translation is a sort of transformation between languages, as well as an intercultural communication. However, along with the differences between national history, social system, lifestyle and geographical environment, cultural differences, more or less, exist among different countries, resulting in various translation strategies. From the perspective of cultural differences, the paper attempts to make a research on the importance of foreignization to maintain the aesthetic characteristics of the original work, resist, to some degree, cultural hegemony and invasion and promote international cultural exchanges.Keywords: foreignization, cultural differences, international cultural exchangeAccording to Yanchang and Liu Runqing, language is a part of culture and plays a very important role in it. Some social scientists consider it the keystone of cultures. Without language, they maintain, culture would not be possible. On the other hand, language is influenced and shaped by culture. In the broadest sense, language is the symbolic representation of a people and it comprises their historical and cultural backgrounds as well as their approach to life and their ways of living and thinking.Since literary translation plays such an important role in cultural exchange and transmission in every society, it has been generally accepted that it is of great importance, significance and value foe translators to analyze and study the differences of language habits caused by cultural differences in both Chinese and English, to explain the influence of cultural competence on language competence on language competence, to improve cultural competence and awareness and to explore appropriate ways of dealing with cultural difference in literary translation.In his 1998 book The Scandals of Translation: Towards an Ethics of Difference, Venuti states that "Domestication and foreignization deal with 'the question of how much a translation assimilates a foreign text to the translating language and culture, and how much it rather signals the differences of that text'".Foreignization is the strategy of retaining information from the source text, and involves deliberately breaking the conventions of the target language to preserve its meaning. According to Lawrence Venuti, every translator should look at the translation process through the prism of culture which refracts the source language cultural norms and it is the translator’s task to convey them, preserving their meaning and their foreignness, to the target-language text. Every step in the translation process—from the selection of foreign texts to the implementation of translationstrategies to the editing, reviewing, and reading of translations—is mediated by the diverse cultural values that circulate in the target language.Along with the ongoing globalization, china is necessary to know about the world, furthermore, it is more necessary for the world to learn about China. As a means of cultural dissemination of information,,Chinese-to-English or English-to-Chinese translation is responsible for the introduction of foreign culture to come in, and spreading out of the Chinese culture. To fulfill this task, only foreignization based on source language culture is the best way to deal with cultural differences and dissemination.Dream of the Red Chamber is walking encyclopedia of Chinese culture. It is so culture-loaded that it is challenging for those who want to translate it from Chinese to English. In 1970, two complete English versions were published almost at the same time respectively in Beijing and London. One was translated by Chinese scholar Yang Xianyi and his wife Gladys Yang; the other was rendered by British sinologist David Hawkes. Ys adopted foreignization to deal with it, which made great contribution in conveying China's unique culture to English readers with, seeing from the following examples:Example1:宝玉心中想道：“难道这也是个痴子，又象颦儿来葬花不成？”因而又自叹道：“若真也葬花，可谓“东施效颦”，但不为新特，且更可厌了。

”Ys: " Can this be another absurd maid who has come to bury flowers like Tai-yu?" he(Pao-yu) wondered in some amusement. "If so, she's "Tung Shih imitating Hsi Shih", which isn't original but rather tiresome."(Hsi Shih was a famous beauty in the ancient Kingdom of Yue. Tung Shih was an ugly girl who tried to imitate her ways. )Example 2:鸳鸯道：“当中二五是杂七。