高中宾语从句知识点大全

宾语从句 The Object Clause

一．概念

1. I know him . （简单句）

主语谓语宾语

2. I know who he is . （复杂句）

主语谓语连词从句主语从句谓语

3.宾语从句的概念：

在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句

4.句子结构：

主句 +连词（引导词）+ 宾语从句

二．连词（引导词）

连词：1.连接代词（that，who，whom，what，which）

2.连接副词（when，where，why，how）

3.从属连词（if，whether）由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句，用if或whether引导.

1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略

Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better.

She says (that) she won’t take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.

Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party.

He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster.

2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/whether 可翻译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略。

Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag.

Let’s see if /whether we can find out some information about that city.

She asked me if /whether she could borrow these books.

3. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what, who, whom, which, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）引导，因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略

Do you know what he said just now ?

I don’t remember when we arrived .

I asked him where I could get so much money .

Please tell me who (whom) we have to see .

Do you know what time the plane leaves ?

三．宾语从句可分为三类

A.动词的宾语从句

1大多数动词都可以带宾语从句

例：He told us that they would help us through the whole work.

2部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句

例：I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have

been sold out.

我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.

3动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有:

make sure确保 make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind牢记

例：Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you

turn them in.

4可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句

①词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾

语而将that宾语从句后置.

I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every

day . 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.

②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it

这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.

I hate it when they with their mouths full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.

③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替

We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.

我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.

B.介词的宾语从句

1.用wh-类的介词宾语从句

例：We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.

我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.

2.用that,if引导的介词宾语从句

有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句

例：I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to

work with a company.

对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.

C.形容词的宾语从句

用来引导宾语从句的形容词有： sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised 例：I am sure I will pass the exam.

我确信我会通过考试.

四．宾语从句的时态

1. 如果主句是现在的时态（包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。

I know he lives here.

I know he lived here ten years ago .

I have heard that he will come tomorrow .

2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）

I knew who lived here.

I saw she was talking with her mother.

He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow.

He said that he had seen it .

3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用一般现在时。 The teacher said that the sun travels around the earth .