数字电路英文版PPT--第二单元讲课教案
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数字逻辑电路英文课件 (1)Introduction
With memory and states
The arrangement of the text
Teach in 32 times: Arithmetic and device
Char.1,2,3 7 Combinational circuit
Char.4,6 10 Sequential circuit
Buffer
yx
NOT gate (inverter , INV)
y x
Equation Diagram Truth table
Basic device in digital system
AND gate
y x1 x2
equation
Truth table
diagram
Basic device in digital system
Signals in electric circuit
Real signal : voice, music, moving picture… Analog signal: voltage changed with time Digital signal : sampling values from analog
Digital system
Any inputs and outputs can only be 1 or 0 !
For each output, its state must be determined by all the inputs.
Basic device in digital system
Char.7,8 13 Memory and ADC/DAC 2
Exercise and Exams : 100
数字电子技术基础英文版课件
Slide 14
1-2 Binary Digits, Logic Levels, and Digital Waveforms 二进制数，逻辑电平和数字波形
Slide 15
Binary Digits
• The conventional numbering system uses ten digits: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, and 9. • The binary numbering system uses just two digits: 0 and 1. • Each of the two digits is called bit, which is a contraction of the words binary digit. • Groups of bits (combinations of 1s and 0s)is called code.
Slide 20
Digital Waveforms(ideal pulse:for most digital work we can assume ideal pulse)
• tw = pulse width • T = period of the waveform • f = frequency of the waveform; reciprocal of the period.
Slide 16
Logic Levels
Binary values are also represented by voltage levels
They can also be called LOW and HIGH, where LOW = 0 and HIGH = 1 In positive logic rules:
1-2 Binary Digits, Logic Levels, and Digital Waveforms 二进制数，逻辑电平和数字波形
Slide 15
Binary Digits
• The conventional numbering system uses ten digits: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, and 9. • The binary numbering system uses just two digits: 0 and 1. • Each of the two digits is called bit, which is a contraction of the words binary digit. • Groups of bits (combinations of 1s and 0s)is called code.
Slide 20
Digital Waveforms(ideal pulse:for most digital work we can assume ideal pulse)
• tw = pulse width • T = period of the waveform • f = frequency of the waveform; reciprocal of the period.
Slide 16
Logic Levels
Binary values are also represented by voltage levels
They can also be called LOW and HIGH, where LOW = 0 and HIGH = 1 In positive logic rules:
数字电路英文版
processed and transmitted more efficiently and reliably than analog data. Also, digital has a great advantage when storage is necessary.
8.
An Analog Electronic System
Stray capacitive [ 杂散电容 ] Duty cycle [ 占空比 ]
KEY AND KEY TERMS
Analog : Being continuous or having continuous values.
Digital : Related to digital or discrete quantities; having a set of discrete values.
systems in which there are only two
possible states. These states are
represented by two different voltage
levels: A HIGH and A LOW. 11.
The two states can also be represented by current levels, open and closed switches, or lamps turned on and off. In digital systems, combinations of the two states, called codes, are used to represent numbers, symbols, alphabetic characters, and other types of information.
8.
An Analog Electronic System
Stray capacitive [ 杂散电容 ] Duty cycle [ 占空比 ]
KEY AND KEY TERMS
Analog : Being continuous or having continuous values.
Digital : Related to digital or discrete quantities; having a set of discrete values.
systems in which there are only two
possible states. These states are
represented by two different voltage
levels: A HIGH and A LOW. 11.
The two states can also be represented by current levels, open and closed switches, or lamps turned on and off. In digital systems, combinations of the two states, called codes, are used to represent numbers, symbols, alphabetic characters, and other types of information.
数字电路与逻辑设计英文教学PPT
Summary
Comparators
IC comparators can be expanded using the cascading inputs as shown. The lowest order comparator has a HIGH on the A = B input.
LSBs
MSBs
10 1 0 1 1
Floyd, Digital Fundamentals, 10th ed
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved
Summary
Half-Adder
Basic rules of binary addition are performed by a half adder, which has two binary inputs (A and B) and two binary outputs (Carry out and Sum).
The inputs and outputs can be summarized on a truth table.
The logic symbol and equivalent circuit are:
AS S
S
A
B Cout
B
Cout
Inputs Outputs
AB
00 01 10 11
Cout S
© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved
Summary
Decoders
A decoder is a logic circuit that detects the presence of a specific combination of bits at its input. Two simple decoders that detect the presence of the binary code 0011 are shown. The first has an active HIGH output; the second has an active LOW output.
数字电子技术英文版Chapter15m精品PPT课件
15-3 TTL CIRCUITS
• The BJT: Bipolar junction transistors are the active switching elements in the CMOS circuits.
TTL Inverter
• Q1 (input coupling transistor). • D1 (input clamp diode) prevents negative spikes of voltage on the input
Basic Operational Characteristics and Parameters • Noise margin
Basic Operational Characteristics and Parameters • Noise margin
Basic Operational Characteristics and Parameters
TTL NOR Gate
TTL AND-OR-Inverter
TTL XOR Gate
Open-Collector Gates
• Notice that the output is the collector of transistor Q3 with nothing connected to it, hence the name open collector.
15-2 CMOS CIRCUITS
• The MOSFET: MOSFETs are the active switching elements in the CMOS circuits.
CMOS Inverter
• CMOS logic uses the MOSFET in complementary pairs as its basic element. A complementary pair uses both p-channel and n-channel enhancement MOSFETs.
数字电路英文版PPT 第二单元
Express the number 47 as a sum of the values of each digit. Solution The digit 4 has a weight of 101, as indicated by its position. The digit 7 has a weight of 1, which is 100, as indicated by its position. 47 = ( 4 X 101) + ( 7 X 100 ) = ( 4 X 10 ) + ( 7 X 1) = 40 + 7 Related Problem Determine the value of each digit in 939.
BCD : Binary coded decimal; a digital
code in which each of the decimal digits, 0 through 9, is represented by group of four bits. Byte : A group of eight bits. Carry : The digit generated when the sum of two binary digits exceeds 1.
Weight [ 权 ] Carry [ 进 位 Remainder [ 余数 ] Quotient [ 商 Integer [ 整数 ] Fraction [ 小数 1’Complement [ 反码 ] 2’Complement [ 补码 ] Format [ 格式 ] Precision [ 精度 Mantissa [ 尾数 ]
Largest decimal number = 2n – 1 if n = 5 , 25 – 1 = 32 – 1 = 31 if n = 6 , 26 – 1 = 64 – 1 = 63
数电(英文ppt)
Chapter Two
Fundamentals of Analog Electronics
electric
signals
circuits
Sinusoidal signals Non Sinusoidal signals
analog signals
digital signals
analog circuits
a f e d
g
b c
Use of Diode Rectifier Circuit on Voltage Regulator of Generator in Armored Vehicle
u2
u2A u2B u2C
O
t
u0
O u2AB
u2BC u2CA u2AC u2BA u2CB
t
Application examples
Ube≥0
EC
Magnify emitter-base junction Collector-Base junction Forward
Ube≥0
cut-off Reverse
Ube≤0
Reverse
Uce≤0
Forward
Uce≥0
Reverse
Uce≤0
（3） applications
amplify
0.04
1.50 1.54
0.06
2.30 2.36
0
(1) IE＝ IC＋ IB (2) IC＞＞IB， IE≐ IC
conclusion
(3) IC has a greater changing with a little changing of I B
（2）output speciality curve
Fundamentals of Analog Electronics
electric
signals
circuits
Sinusoidal signals Non Sinusoidal signals
analog signals
digital signals
analog circuits
a f e d
g
b c
Use of Diode Rectifier Circuit on Voltage Regulator of Generator in Armored Vehicle
u2
u2A u2B u2C
O
t
u0
O u2AB
u2BC u2CA u2AC u2BA u2CB
t
Application examples
Ube≥0
EC
Magnify emitter-base junction Collector-Base junction Forward
Ube≥0
cut-off Reverse
Ube≤0
Reverse
Uce≤0
Forward
Uce≥0
Reverse
Uce≤0
（3） applications
amplify
0.04
1.50 1.54
0.06
2.30 2.36
0
(1) IE＝ IC＋ IB (2) IC＞＞IB， IE≐ IC
conclusion
(3) IC has a greater changing with a little changing of I B
（2）output speciality curve
【Selected】数字电路英文版.ppt
Bus arbitration The process that prevents two sources from using a bus at the same time.
Bus contention An adverse condition that could occur if two or more devices try to communicate at the same time on a bus.
ISA bus Industry standard architecture bus; an internal parallel bus standard.
Local bus An internal bus that connects the microprocessor to the cache memory, the main memory, the coprocessor, and the PCI bus controller.
Controller An instrument that can specify each of the other instruments on the bus as either a talker or a listener for the purpose of data transfer.
3
Real-world quantities can even include graphic images. Also, digital systems often must produce outputs to control real-world quantities.
CHAPTER 13 INTERFACING
KEY TERMS
数字电路系统设计中英文课件教程 01 数字系统简介-introduction to Digital System Design
Combinational Circuits（组合电路） Sequential Circuits（时序电路）
Integrated Circuits
• Classified by size
SSI MSI LSI VLSI
(small-scale integration) (medium) (large) (very large)
Analyse, Design, Test
• Analyse logic relationship between input & output Boolean algebra
Truth table, Functional diagram, Boolean expression, Waveform
The most basic digital devices (AND Gate, OR Gate, and NOT Gate or Inverter)
最基本的数字器件（与、或、非门或反相器）
Flip-flops（触发器）： A device that stores either 0 or 1
一种能存储 0 或 1 的器件
• Design circuit • Test
Computer-aided design(CAD)
Computer-aided engineering (CAE)
1. Scheme & HDL
Computer-aided design(CAD)
Computer-aided engineering (CAE)
结果再现性（稳定可靠、精度更高）
– Ease of design, Flexibility, and Functionality
数字电子技术基础ppt课件
R
vo K合------vo=0, 输出低电平
vi
K
只要能判
可用三极管 代替
断高低电 平即可
在数字电路中，一般用高电平代表1、低 电平代表0，即所谓的正逻辑系统。
2.2.2 二极管与门
VCC
A
D1
FY
B
D2
二极管与门
A
B
【 】 内容 回顾
AB Y 00 0 01 0 100 11 1
&
Y
2.2.2 二极管或门
一般TTL门的扇出系数为10。
三、输入端负载特性
输入端 “1”,“0”？
A
ui
RP
R1 b1
c1
T1
D1
•
R2
•
T2
•
R3
VCC
•
R4
T4 D2
•
Y
T5
•
简化电路
R1
VCC
ui
A ui
T1
be
RP
2
be 0
RP
5
RP较小时
ui
RP RP R1
(Vcc Von )
当RP<<R1时, ui ∝ RP
•
R4
T4 D2
•
Y
T5
•
TTL非门的内部结构
•
R1
R2
A
b1 c1
T1
•
T2
D1
•
R3
VCC
•
R4
T4 D2
•
Y
T5
•
前级输出为 高电平时
•
R2
R4
VCC
T4 D2
数字电路与逻辑设计英文教学PPT课件
blows selected internal fuse links. After blowing the fuses,
the array represents the Boolean logic expression for the
desired circuit.
A
A
B
B
What function is
PALs have a one time
A
A
B
B
programmable (OTP)
array, in which fuses are
permanently blown,
X
creating the product
terms in an AND array.
Simplified AND-OR array
Summary
Programmable Logic
Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs) are ICs with a large number of gates and flip flops that can be configured with basic software to perform a specific logic function or perform the logic for a complex circuit. Major types of PLDs are:
SPLD: (Simple PLDs) are the earliest type of array logic used for fixed functions and smaller circuits with a limited number of gates. (The PAL and GAL are both SPLDs).
数字逻辑电路英文课件 (20)Sequential logic design example
States analyze examples: combination lock
Step 3: finish the state diagram with incorrect input sequence ;
States analyze examples: combination lock
Step 4: from the state diagram to the
Sequential logic design example
Design a generator for the periodic sequence (10110） as the clk triggered.
The state diagram
The state/output table
A generator for the periodic sequence
The output equation
CO Q2'Q1'Q0'a'Q2Q1Q0 a a combination lock:
The UNLOCK should be 1 if and only if X is 0 and the sequence of inputs received on X at the preceding seven clock ticks was 0110111. The HINT output should be 1 if and only if the current value of X is the correct one to move the machine closer to being in the “unlocked” state (with UNLK = 1) .
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Sign bit : The left-most bit of a binary number that designates whether the number is positive (0) or negative (1).
Weight : The value of a digit in a number based on its position in the number.
In the decimal number system each of the ten digits, 0 through 9, represents a certain quantity.
Stated anther way: A base—10 number system. 3.
EXAMPLE 2-1 Express the number 47 as a sum of the values of each digit.
Mantissa [ 尾数 ]
KEY TERMS
Alphanumeric : Consisting of numerals, letters, and other characters.
ASCII :American Standard Code for Information Interchange; the most widely used alphanumeric code.
In this section, the structure of decimal numbers is reviewed. This review will help more easily understand the structure of the binary number system, which is important in computers and digital electronics.
数字电路英文版PPT--第二单元
Weight [ 权 ]
Carry [ 进 位 ]
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Remainder [ 余数 ] Quotient [ 商 ]
Integer [ 整数 ] Fraction [ 小数 ]
1’Complement [ 反码 ]
2’Complement [ 补码 ]
Format [ 格式 ] Precision [ 精度 ]
§2.1 DECIMAL NUMBERS
You are familiar with the decimal number system because you use decimal numbers every day. Although decimal numbers are commonplace, their weighted structure is often not understood.
Digit : A symbol used to express a quantity.
Exponent : The part of a floating-point number that represents the number of places that the decimal point is to be moved.
Mantissa : The magnitude of a floatingpoint number.
Most significant bit (MSB) : The left – most bit in a binary whole number or code.
Octal : Describes a number system with a base of eight.
BCD : Binary coded decimal; a digital code in which each of the decimal digits, 0 through 9, is represented by group of four bits.
Byte : A group of eight bits.
Carry : The digit generated when the sum of two binary digits exceeds 1.
Complement : The inverse or opposite of a number.
Decimal : Describes a number system with a base of ten.
Hexadecimal : Describes a number system with a base of 16.
Integer : A whole number.
Least significant bit (LSB) : Generally, the right –most bit in a binary whole number or code.
Floating-point number: A number representation based on scientific notation in which the number consists of an exponent and a mantissa.
Gray code : An unweighted digital code characterized by a single bit change between adjacent code number in a sequence.
Overflow: The condition that occurs when the number of bits in a sum exceeds the number of bits in each of the numbers added.
Parity : In relation to binary codes, the condition of evenness or oddness of the number of 1s in a code group.
Weight : The value of a digit in a number based on its position in the number.
In the decimal number system each of the ten digits, 0 through 9, represents a certain quantity.
Stated anther way: A base—10 number system. 3.
EXAMPLE 2-1 Express the number 47 as a sum of the values of each digit.
Mantissa [ 尾数 ]
KEY TERMS
Alphanumeric : Consisting of numerals, letters, and other characters.
ASCII :American Standard Code for Information Interchange; the most widely used alphanumeric code.
In this section, the structure of decimal numbers is reviewed. This review will help more easily understand the structure of the binary number system, which is important in computers and digital electronics.
数字电路英文版PPT--第二单元
Weight [ 权 ]
Carry [ 进 位 ]
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Remainder [ 余数 ] Quotient [ 商 ]
Integer [ 整数 ] Fraction [ 小数 ]
1’Complement [ 反码 ]
2’Complement [ 补码 ]
Format [ 格式 ] Precision [ 精度 ]
§2.1 DECIMAL NUMBERS
You are familiar with the decimal number system because you use decimal numbers every day. Although decimal numbers are commonplace, their weighted structure is often not understood.
Digit : A symbol used to express a quantity.
Exponent : The part of a floating-point number that represents the number of places that the decimal point is to be moved.
Mantissa : The magnitude of a floatingpoint number.
Most significant bit (MSB) : The left – most bit in a binary whole number or code.
Octal : Describes a number system with a base of eight.
BCD : Binary coded decimal; a digital code in which each of the decimal digits, 0 through 9, is represented by group of four bits.
Byte : A group of eight bits.
Carry : The digit generated when the sum of two binary digits exceeds 1.
Complement : The inverse or opposite of a number.
Decimal : Describes a number system with a base of ten.
Hexadecimal : Describes a number system with a base of 16.
Integer : A whole number.
Least significant bit (LSB) : Generally, the right –most bit in a binary whole number or code.
Floating-point number: A number representation based on scientific notation in which the number consists of an exponent and a mantissa.
Gray code : An unweighted digital code characterized by a single bit change between adjacent code number in a sequence.
Overflow: The condition that occurs when the number of bits in a sum exceeds the number of bits in each of the numbers added.
Parity : In relation to binary codes, the condition of evenness or oddness of the number of 1s in a code group.