食品专业英语试题

一、list 5 Acronyms and write down their full name 。（下述词根的汉语意思并尽可能多地写出以其开始或结尾的词汇）

1、Bi——（双）bicycle; bilateral;bilingual;binary;bialy.

2、Tri——（三）tricycle;triangle;triple;tripod;trial.

3、Tetra——（四）tetracycline;tetracarp;tetrarch;tetrat;tetrads.

4、Mon—（单一）monomer;monotonous;monopolize;monopoly;monocle.

5、Pent——（五）pentagon;pentose;pentulose;penter;pentala.

6、Hex（a）—（六）hexagon;hexose;hexylene;hexal;hexyl.

7、Octo——（八）octopus;October;octoate;octoon;octol.

8、Exo——（外）exoantigen;exogenous;exometer;exocrine;exon.

9、Endo—（内）endogenous;endogenesis;endocelluar;endocrine;endorse.

10、Oligo ——（少）oligopeptide;oligonucleotide.

Oligo ——（少）oligotrophy;oligoria;oligopoly.

11、Poly—（多的）polypeptide;polysaccharide;

Poly—（多的）polyacetylene;polyester;polygon.

12、Bio——（生物）biological;biofuel;biohistory;bioactivity;biog.

13、Acro——（高）acrobat;acrophobia;acronym;acrobatics.across.

14、Trans——（转移）transform;transport;transferase;transact;transcend.

15、Semi——（半）semioval;semisphere;semis;seminar;semiconservative.

16、Hydro—（水）hydrolyze;hydrophilic;hydrophobic;hydroxy;hydrogen.

17、Inter——（相互）internet;interreaction;intercyclus;international;intern.

18、—ase—（酶）lipase;celluase;asepsis;case;base.

19、—ose—（糖）glucose;fructose;xylose;oses;rose.

20、Anti——（反抗）antigen;antifading;antibacterial;antibody;antic.

21、Sept——（七）septwolves;September;septicaemia;septum;septa.

二、金属与微量元素（Englishi name)

Ca 钙(Calcium) ; Mg镁(Magnesuim) ; P 磷(Phosphorus) ;

K钾(Potassium); Zn锌(Zinc); Fe铁(ferrum);

Pb铅(lead); Cr铬(chromium); Cu铜（Copper）

Se硒(Selenium); I碘(Iodine) .Cd镉（cadmium）

三、Acronym 部分（汉语名称及英语全名）

IFOAM （国际有机农业运动联合会）International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements。

rBST （重组牛生长激素）Bovine growth hormone recombinant。

PCR （聚合酶链式反应）polymerase chain reaction。

ISO （国际标准化组织）International Standardization Organization 。

HACCP（危害分析与关键控制点）Hazard analysis and critical

control point。

GMP （良好操作规范）good manufacturing practices。

FAO （联合国粮农组织）Food and Agriculture Organization。

UNESCO(联合国教科文组织)United Nations Educational Scientific and Culture Organization。

FDA(食品药品监督管理局)Food and Drug Administration。

WHO（世界卫生组织）World Health Organization。

PAGE（聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳）polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis。

四、Translation (英汉互译）

1.SDS-PAGE是对蛋白质进行量化，比较及特性鉴定的一种经济、

快捷、而且可重复的方法。（汉译英5分）

SDS-PAGE is an economic, quick, and repeatable method in comparing , qualifying and identifying to proteins。

2.SDS can disrupt hydrophobic areas and coat proteins with many

negative charges which overwhelms any positive charges the protein had due to positively charged R-groups。(汉译英8分)

SDS 破坏蛋白质的疏水区域，并使蛋白表面带有大量的负电荷，其数量大大超过蛋白质自身带正电荷的R基团所带的正电荷。

3.The resulting protein has been denatured by SDS (reduced to its

primary structure) and as a result has been linearized。(英译汉5分) 蛋白质在SDS的作用下变性并还原成一级结构，最终被线性化了。4．Although cloning has been immensely useful in molecular biology ，the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a more convenient , quicker and easier method for generating unlimited copies of any fragment of DNA。PCR was invented by Kary Mullis and his colleagues in the 1980s, in its short life PCR has transformed the life sciences utterly. PCR takes analysis of tiny amounts of genetic material-even damaged genetic material-to a new level of precision and reliability. (英译汉5分)

虽然克隆在分子生物学中是非常有用的，聚合酶链反应（PCR）是一