英语词性及句子成分f教学提纲

• It sounds a good idea. • Tom looks thin. • The food smells delicious. • The food tastes good. • The door remains open. • Now I feel tired.
高中将学的表语
• My watch is gone / missing / lost. (形容词化 的分词)
tall like a tree. • (It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语)
二、谓语（predicate）
• 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 • We study English. • He is asleep. • 谓语最重要的是时态和语态。 • Tom was sent to Beijing.
三、表语（predicative）
(过去分词) • I have an idea to do it well. (不定式) • You should do everything that I do. (定语从句)
七、状语
• 用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或者整个 句子 的词叫状语。状语可 表示时间、地点、原因、 目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。
• To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. ” (不定式)
• The question is whether they will come. (表语 从句)
三、宾语
• 宾语分两类：动宾和介宾。 • 跟在动词后面的宾语叫动宾，跟在介词后
高中将学的宾语
• I enjoy working with you. (动名词) • I hope to see you again. (不定式) • Did you write down what he said? (宾语从句)
四、宾补
• 对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。 • 特征：1、跟在宾语后面。2、补充说明宾
面的宾语叫介宾。 • He hates you. (代词) • How many do you need? We need two. (数词) • We should help the old and the poor. • 以上是动宾
• Are you afraid of the snake? • They are looking for a dog. • 这两句是介宾 • He gave me a book yesterday. • Give the poor man some money. • 这两句是双宾语：间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)
lesson.(形容词)
高中将学的定语
• The man over there is my old friend.(副词) • The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister.
(介词) • The boys playing football are in Class2. (现在分词) • The trees planted last year are growing well now.
六、定语（高考的重难点）
• 修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。 • Yanling is a chemistry teacher.(名词) • He is our friend. (代词) • We belong to the third world. (数词) • He was advised to teach the lazy boy a
语。 • We elected him monitor. (名词) • We will make them happy. (形容词) • We found nobody in. (副词)
五、主补
• 对主语的补充说明。 • He was elected monitor. • She was found singing in the next room. • He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.
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5 、动词 verb v. cut 砍、割
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6 、数词 numeral num. three 三
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英语句子成分（七类）
一、主语（subject）:句子说明的人或事物。
• The sun rises in the east. (名词) • He likes dancing. (代词) • 高中将学习： • Seeing is believing. (动名词) • To see is to believe. (不定式) • What he needs is a book. (主语从句) • It is very clear that the elephant is round and
• 跟在系动词后面的成分，表示主语的性质、 状态和特征。
• 常见的系动词有: be, sound(听起来)， look(看起来)， feel(摸起来)，smell(闻起来)，
• taste(尝、吃起来)， remain(保持，仍是)， feel(感觉) ….
很多Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu可以做表语
• He is a teacher. (名词) • Five and five is ten. (数词) • He is asleep. (形容词) • His father is in. (副词) • The picture is on the wall. (介词短语)
英语词性分类及用法
一、词性的分类
• 词类又叫词性，英语单词根据其在句子中的功 用，可以分成十个大类。
• 前面六类是实词：
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1 、名词 noun n. student 学生
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2 、代词 pronoun pron. you 你
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3 、形容词 adjective adj. happy 高兴的
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4 、副词 adverb adv. quickly 迅速地
• I will go there tomorrow.（时间） • The meeting will be held in the meeting room. • （地点） • The meat went bad because of the hot weather. • （原因） • He studies hard to learn English well.（目的）