British Slang Words
600大英语电影地道用语宝典 pdf
600大英语电影地道用语宝典pdf全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The "600 Big English Movie Authentic Language Dictionary PDF" is a comprehensive guidebook for English learners and movie enthusiasts alike. This document contains a wealth of valuable information regarding the various slang, idioms, and colloquial phrases commonly used in English-language films. By studying this guide, readers can gain a deeper understanding of the language and cultural nuances found in some of the most popular movies of all time.The dictionary is organized into different categories, making it easy to navigate and find the specific terms or expressions one may be looking for. From "action" to "comedy" to "drama," each section is filled with examples from famous films that illustrate how each phrase is used in context.One of the key features of this dictionary is its focus on idiomatic expressions and slang that may not be found in traditional English textbooks. By learning these authentic language nuances, readers can better understand the subtletiesand nuances of spoken English, as well as improve their listening comprehension skills.In addition to the extensive list of terms and phrases, the dictionary also provides explanations and examples to help users grasp the meaning and usage of each expression. This makes it a valuable resource for English learners at all levels, from beginners to advanced speakers.Overall, the "600 Big English Movie Authentic Language Dictionary PDF" is a must-have for anyone looking to improve their English skills and gain a deeper appreciation of the language through the lens of popular cinema. It is a valuable tool that can help users enhance their language proficiency and cultural understanding in a fun and engaging way.篇2The "600 Big English Movie Authentic Language Dictionary PDF" is a comprehensive guide that offers a unique collection of authentic English language phrases and expressions commonly used in some of the most iconic English-language films ofall-time. This document provides learners with a fun and entertaining way to learn and understand the nuances of English language, as spoken by native speakers in popular movies.The PDF is divided into various sections, each focusing on a different aspect of the English language. From casual conversations to emotional dialogues, the guide covers a wide array of language styles and contexts found in movie scripts. The phrases and expressions included in the document are not only relevant to understanding movie dialogue, but also to everyday communication in English-speaking countries.Furthermore, the "600 Big English Movie Authentic Language Dictionary PDF" can be a valuable resource for English learners wishing to improve their listening skills, vocabulary, and understanding of cultural references in English-language films. By immersing themselves in the language used in movies, learners can become more proficient in their English language abilities and gain a deeper appreciation for the art of film.Overall, this unique language guide is a must-have for anyone looking to enhance their English language skills and have fun while doing so. Whether you are a language enthusiast, a movie buff, or a student of English, the "600 Big English Movie Authentic Language Dictionary PDF" is sure to be a valuable tool in your learning journey.篇3Title: The ultimate guide to 600 British English movie slang and expressionsIntroduction:Are you a movie buff who loves British English films? Are you constantly finding yourself puzzled by the slang and expressions used in these movies? Look no further! The "600 British English Movie Slang and Expressions Dictionary" is your ultimate guide to understanding and mastering the unique language of British cinema. From classic films to modern blockbusters, this comprehensive guide covers all the essential words and phrases you need to know to fully appreciate the richness and diversity of British English film culture.Chapter 1: The basicsGet to grips with the essentials of British English movie slang with this introductory chapter. Learn how to decode common expressions like "bloody hell," "gobsmacked," and "taking the mickey." Master the art of understanding British accents and regional dialects, and discover the quirks and idiosyncrasies of British humor and wordplay. By the end of this chapter, you'll be well on your way to becoming a bona fide British English movie aficionado.Chapter 2: Classic cinemaTake a trip down memory lane with this chapter dedicated to the timeless classics of British cinema. From iconic films like "Brief Encounter" and "The Third Man" to cult favorites like "Withnail and I" and "Trainspotting," this chapter explores the linguistic richness and cultural significance of some of the most beloved British films of all time. Immerse yourself in the world of British film history and discover the hidden gems and forgotten treasures that have shaped the landscape of British cinema.Chapter 3: Modern masterpiecesFrom gritty social dramas to sparkling romantic comedies, this chapter covers the best of contemporary British cinema. Explore the slang and expressions used in modern classics like "Four Weddings and a Funeral," "Shaun of the Dead," and "Dunkirk." Learn how to navigate the complexities of British urban slang and colloquialisms, and discover the newest trends and developments in the ever-evolving world of British English film. By the end of this chapter, you'll be equipped with the knowledge and vocabulary you need to keep up with the latest trends in British film culture.Conclusion:With its comprehensive coverage of 600 essential British English movie slang and expressions, the "600 British English Movie Slang and Expressions Dictionary" is a must-have resource for any film enthusiast. Whether you're a seasoned cinephile or a casual moviegoer, this guide will help you unlock the secrets of British cinema and elevate your viewing experience to a whole new level. So grab your popcorn, settle back in your seat, and get ready to immerse yourself in the rich and vibrant world of British English film. Happy viewing!。
30 Awesome British Slang Terms You Should Start Using Immediately
30 Awesome British Slang Terms You Should Start Using ImmediatelyBritish slang is a niche of its own, evolving and transforming and adapting from city to city and from year to year, just as the English language itself has done. While American slang has become nearly universal with the influx of TV shows, films, and other media filling the screens of a significant majority of the media-viewing global population, there is so much more available once you dig beneath the surface of British slang terms and can discover some real gems beneath the surface.So, if you’re an aspiring Anglophile looking for some new lingo to help fuel your love for all things British, or you just fancy seeing what kind of words the British find themselves using their day-to-day, check out our thirty best British slang terms for you to start using and incorporating into your vocabulary immediately…1. Mate‘Mate’ – one of the commonly used terms of endearment and affection in British slang terms. Used when you are talking to a close friend, and is often easily substituted for the American ‘buddy’, ‘pal’, or ‘dude’.For example, ‘Alright, mate?’2. Bugger All‘Bugger all’ – a British slang term used to be a more vulgar synonym for‘nothing at all’.For example, ‘I’ve had bugger all to do all day.’3. Knackered‘Knackered’ – a great word and phrase used by Britons to describe their tiredness and exhaustion, in any given situation. Often substituted in friendly circles for ‘exhausted’.For example, ‘I am absolutely knackered after working all day.’4. Gutted‘Gutted’ – a British slang term that is one of the saddest on the lists in terms of pure contextual emotion. To be ‘gutted’ about a situation means to be devastated and saddened.For example, ‘His girlfriend broke up with him. He’s absolutely gutted.’5. Gobsmacked‘Gobsmacked’ – a truly British expression meaning to be shocked and surprised beyond belief. The expression is believed by some to come literally from ‘gob’ (a British expression for mouth), and the look of shock that comes from someone hitting it.For example. ‘I was gobsmacked when she told me she was pregnant with triplets.’6. Cock Up‘Cock up’ – a British slang term that is far from the lewdness its name suggests. A ‘cock up’ is a mistake, a failure of large or epic propo rtions.For example, ‘The papers sent out to the students were all in the wrong language –it’s a real cock up.’ Also, ‘I cocked up the orders for table number four.’7. Blinding‘Blinding’ – a slang term that is far from something that physically causes s omeone to lose their sight. ‘Blinding’ is a positive term meaning excellent,great, or superb.For example, ‘That tackle from the Spanish player was blinding.’8. Lost The Plot‘Lost the plot’ is one that can actually be discerned by examining the words th emselves. To ‘lose the plot’ can mean either to become angry and/or exasperated to a fault, or in a derogatory – if slightly outdated sense – to mean someone who has become irrational and/or acting ridiculously.For example, ‘When my girlfriend saw the mess I’d made, she lost the plot.’9. Cheers‘Cheers’ doesn’t quite have the same meaning that it does in other counties –of course, it still means ‘celebrations’ when toasting a drink with some friends, but in British slang, it also means ‘thanks’ or ‘thank you’.For example, ‘Cheers for getting me that drink, Steve’.10. Ace‘Ace’ – a British slang term that means something that is brilliant or excellent. Can also mean to pass something with flying colors.For example, ‘Jenny is ace at the lab experiments’, or, for the latter definition, ‘I think I aced that exam’.11. Damp SquibMore of an usual term, a ‘damp squib’ in British slang terms refers to something which fails on all accounts, coming from the ‘squib’ (an explosive), and the propensity for them to fail when wet.For example, ‘The party was a bit of a damp squib because only Richard turned up.’12. All To PotSlightly more of an outdated version, this British slang term is still used, and its meaning remains relevant today. ‘All to pot’ refers to a s ituation going out of your control and failing miserably.For example, ‘The birthday party went all to pot when the clown turned up drunk and everyone was sick from that cheap barbecue stuff.’13. The Bee’s KneesThe bee’s knees – a rather lovely term used to describe someone or something you think the world of.For example, ‘She thinks Barry’s the bee’s knees’. Can also be used sarcastically in this same sense.14. ChunderNot a wonderfully melodic word, ‘chunder’ is part and parcel of British slang terms. Meaning ‘to vomit’ or ‘to be sick’, ‘chunder’ is almost always used in correlation with drunken nights, or being hugely ill and sick.For example, ‘I ate a bad pizza last night after too many drinks and chundered in the street.’15. Taking The PissGiven the British tendency to mock and satirise anything and everything possible, ‘taking the piss’ is in fact one of the most popular and widely-used British slang terms. To ‘take the piss’ means to mock something, parody something, or generally be sarcastic and derisive towards something.For example, ‘The guys on TV last night were taking the piss out of the government again.’16. BollocksPerhaps one of the most internationally famous British slang terms,‘bollocks’ has a multitude of uses, although its top o nes including being a curse word used to indicate dismay, e.g. ‘Oh bollocks’; it can also be used to express derision and mocking disbelief, e.g. ‘You slept with Kate Upton last night? Bollocks…’; and, of course, it also refers to the scrotum and testicles. For example, ‘I kicked him right in the bollocks when he wouldn’t let me go past.’17. Fortnight‘Fortnight’ – a British slang term more commonly used by virtually everyone in the UK to mean ‘a group of two weeks’.For example, ‘I’m going away for a fort night to Egypt for my summer holiday.’18. BollockingVery different to the ‘bollocks’ of the previous suggestion, a ‘bollocking’ is a telling-off or a severe or enthusiastic reprimand from a boss, co-worker, partner, or anyone you like, for a misdemeanour.For example, ‘My wife gave me a real bollocking for getting to pick up the dry cleaning on my way home from work.’19. Nice One‘Nice one’ – used almost always sarcastically in common British lexicon, although it can be used sincerely depending on the context.For example, ‘You messed up the Rutherford order? Nice one, really.’20. Brass MonkeysA more obscure British term, ‘brass monkeys’ is used to refer to extremely cold weather. The phrase comes from the expression, ‘it’s cold enough to freeze the bal ls off a brass monkey’.For example, ‘You need to wear a coat today, it’s brass monkeys outside.’21. DodgyIn British slang terms, ‘dodgy’ refers to something wrong, illegal, or just plain ‘off’, in one way or another.For example, it can be used to mean illegal –‘He got my dad a dodgy watch for Christmas’; it can be used to mean something food-related that is nauseous or nauseating –‘I had a dodgy kebab last night and I don’t feel right.; and it can also be used as a pejorative –‘He just seems dodgy to me.’22. ScrummyOne of the more delightful British slang terms in this list, ‘scrummy’ is used as a wonderfully effusive term for when something is truly delicious and mouth-wateringly good.For example, ‘Mrs Walker’s pie was absolutely scrummy. I had th ree pieces.’23. KerfuffleAnother rather delightful and slightly archaic words in this list of British slang terms is ‘kerfuffle’. ‘Kerfuffle’ describes a skirmish or a fight or an argument caused by differing views.For example, ‘I had a right kerfuffle with my girlfriend this morning over politics.’24. ToshA nifty little British term that means ‘rubbish’ or ‘crap’.For example, ‘That’s a load of tosh about what happened last night’, or‘Don’t talk tosh.’25. Car ParkOne of the more boring and technica l terms on this list, a ‘car park’ is in effect, the place outside or attached to a building where people park theircars. The British equivalent to the American ‘parking lot’ or ‘parking garage’.For example, ‘I left my car in the car park this morning.’26. Skive‘Skive’ – a British slang term used to indicate when someone has failed to turn up for work or an obligation due to pretending to fake illness. Most commonly used with schoolchildren trying to get out of school, or dissatisfied office workers trying to pull a sick day.For example, ‘He tried to skive off work but got caught by his manager.’27. RubbishOne of the most commonly-used British phrases, ‘rubbish’ is used to mean both general waste and trash, and to also express disbelief in something to the point of ridicule (in this sense it is a much-more PG-friendly version of ‘bollocks’.)For example, it can be used respectively, in, ‘Can you take the rubbish out please?’, and ‘What? Don’t talk rubbish.’28. WankerOh, ‘wanker’. Possibly the best Br itish insult on the list, it fits a certain niche for a single-worded insult to lobbied out in a moment of frustration, anger, provocation, or, of course, as a jest amongst friends. ‘Wanker’ fits the closest fit by ‘jerk’ or ‘asshole’, but to a slightly hi gher value.For example, ‘That guy just cut me up in traffic –what a wanker.’29. Hunky-Dory‘Hunky-dory’ – a neat little piece of British slang that means that a situation is okay, cool, or normal.For example, ‘Yeah, everything’s hunky-dory at the offic e.’30. BrilliantThe last, but most certainly not least, term on this list, ‘brilliant’ is not a word exclusively in the British lexicon, but has a very British usage. Specifically, when something is exciting or wonderful, particularly when something is g ood news, ‘brilliant’ can mean as such.For example, ‘You got the job? Oh, mate, that’s brilliant.’。
练习英式英语口语
练习英式英语口语Certainly! Here's a concise guide to practicing British English pronunciation and improving your spoken skills:Mastering the Art of British English Pronunciation1. Understanding the Accent: The first step in perfecting your British English is to familiarize yourself with the various regional accents. The Received Pronunciation (RP), also known as the BBC English, is often considered the standard.2. Listening to Native Speakers: Immerse yourself in British media. Watch British films, TV shows, and listen to podcasts or radio broadcasts to get a feel for the natural rhythm and intonation.3. Phonetics and Tongue Positions: Learn the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) to understand the precise sounds of British English. Pay attention to the placement of your tongue and lips for each sound.4. Vowel Sounds: British English has distinct vowel sounds, such as the 'long a' in 'bath' and the 'short a' in 'bat'. Practice these to avoid common mistakes.5. Consonant Distinctions: Notice the difference between 'r' and 'l' sounds, and the soft 't' in words like 'water'. These can be challenging for non-native speakers.6. Intonation and Stress: British English has a particular melodic quality. Practice the rise and fall of pitch in sentences to convey meaning effectively.7. Linking and Elision: Understand how to link words together smoothly and when to drop certain sounds, such as the 't' in 'I'm going to'.8. Practical Exercises: Use tongue twisters and read aloud from British literature to practice pronunciation in context.9. Feedback and Correction: Work with a native speaker or use language learning apps that provide pronunciation feedback to correct any errors.10. Consistency and Practice: Like any language skill, consistency is key. Practice daily to make the accent second nature.Remember, the goal is not to mimic an accent perfectly but to communicate effectively with clarity and confidence. Enjoy the process of learning and embrace the nuances of British English.。
英国文学最全名词解释
英国文学最全名词解释名词解释1、Alliteration(头韵) It refers to a repeated initial consonant to successive words and it is the most striking feature in its poetic form. In alliterative verse, certain accented words in a line begin with the same consonant sound. It usually have a caesura in the middle and two stresses (or accents) in each half. The number of unstressed syllables in the two halves may vary. Yet, the same consonant is repeated at the beginning of the accented syllables, either twice in the first half of the verse line and once in the second half, or vice versa. Or we can say there are generally 4 accents in a line, three of which show alliteration, and it is the initial sound of the third accented syllable that normally determiners the alliteration. Alliteration makes Anglo-Saxon poetry very musical in sound and acts almost the same part that rhyme plays in later poetry. English poets till today still love to use alliteratione.g. “True is the tale (caesura) I tell of my travels,/ Sing of my seafaring (caesura) sor rows and woes.2、Blank verse无韵诗，素体诗（不押韵的五音步诗行）: also called unrhymed poetry, has been the dominant verse form of English drama and narrative poetry since the mid-sixteenth century. In 1540, from Italy, this verse form was brought into English literature by the poet Henry Howard (Earl of Surrey), who first used it in his translation of The Aeneid.Unrhymed lines of iambic pentameter. It is a very flexible English verse form which can attain rhetorical grandeur while echoing the natural rhythms of speech. It was first used by Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, and soon became a popular form fornarrative and dramatic poetry.E.g. Paradise Lost by Milton3、Comedy of humours: The comedy of humours is a genre of dramatic comedy that focuses on a character or range of characters, each of whom exhibits two or more overriding traits or 'humours' that dominates their personality, desires and conduct. the English playwrights Ben Jonson and George Chapman popularized the genre in the closing years of the sixteenth century. In the later half of the seventeenth century, it was combined with the comedy of manners in Restoration comedy.In which the prevailing eccentricities and ruling passions of character are exposed to ridicule and satireE.g. Every Man in His HumourEvery Man out of His Humour4、Dramatic monologue：a kind of poem in which a single fictional or historical character other than the poet speaks to a silent ‘audience’of one or more persons. Such poems reveal not the poet‘s own thoughts; this distinguishes a dramatic monologue from a lyric，while the implied presence of an auditor distinguishes it from a soliloquy.E.g. My Last Duchess by Browning5、Epic (史诗)appeared in the the Anglo-Saxon Period It is a narrative of heroic action, often with a principal hero, usually mythical in its content, grand in its style, offering inspiration and ennoblement within a particular culture or national tradition. A long narrative poem telling about the deeds of great hero and reflecting the values of the society from which it originated. Epic is an extended narrative poem in elevated or dignified language, like Homer’s Iliad & Odyssey. It usually celebrates the feats of one or more legendary or traditional heroes. The action is simple,but full of magnificence. Today, some long narrative works, like novels that reveal an age & its people, are also called epic.E.g. Beowulf ( the pagan异教徒secular(非宗教的) poetry)Iliad 《伊利亚特》Odyssey《奥德赛》Paradise Lost 《失乐园》The Divine Comedy《神曲》6、Gothic Novels tales of macabre, fantastic and supernatural happenings, set in haunted castles, graveyards, ruins and wild landscapes and often with a weak or innocent heroine going through some horrible experiences. Derives its name from similarities to Medieval(中古的,中世纪) Gothic architecture.A thriller designed not only toterrify or frighten the audience, but to convey a sense of moral failure or spiritual darkness. The Gothic in England begins with The Castle of Otranto in 1760, by Horace Walpole, which emphasized the supernatural mixed with the grotesque in a medieval setting.E.g. Anne Radcliffe in Mysteries of UdolphoFrankenstein(1817) by Mary Shelley7、Heroic Couplet(英雄双韵体)Heroic couplet refers to the rhymed couplet in iambic pentameter Heroic couplets are lines of iambic pentameter that rhyme in pairs (aa, bb, cc). The Heroic Couplet: 1) It means a pair of lines of a type once common in English poetry, in other words, it means iambic pentameter rhymed in two lines. 2) The rhymeis masculine. 3) Use of the heroic couplet was first pioneered by Geoffrey Chaucer.E.g. Cooper's Hillby by John Denham(德纳姆)8、Iambic pentameter: a verse lines of feet of the iambic rhythmIambic(adjective of iambus): a metrical foot consisting of one unstressed syllable followed by a stressed one. (cf. Trochaic/trochee: a metrical foot consisting of one stressedsyllable followed by an unstressed one)Pentameter: a verse line of 5 feet.E.g. sonnet 18 by Shakespeare9、Ode：a poem intended or adapted to be sung in the ancient time, but a rhymed lyric poem often of an address in the modern times, with dignified and exalted or simple and familiar subjects. a long lyric poem, serious and dignified in subject, tone and style, sometimes with an elaborate stanzaic structure, often written to commemorate or celebrate an event or individual. Representative poets: Percy Bysshe Shelley, John Keats Representative：Ode to Psyche, Ode to a Nightingale10、Romance: a medieval tale based on legend, chivalric love and adventures, or a prose narrative treating imaginary characters involved heroic, adventurous, or mysterious events remote in time and place. It became a popular form of literature. The plots of romance tend to be complex, with uprising and even magical actions common.e.g. The Tempest by Shakespeare11、Sonnet：a poem consisting of 14 lines of 10 syllables each in English (11 syllables in Italian and12 syllables in French)The English sonnet: a sonnet of 14 iambic pentameter lines divided into an octave and sestet rhyming abba abba cde cde (or other rhymes in the sestet)The Shakespearian sonnet: a sonnet of 14 iambic pentameter lines divided into a 12-line unit followed by a 2-line conclusion rhyming abab cdcd efef ggE.g. sonnet 18 by Shakespeare12、Three unities （三一律）: referring to the rules set by Aristotle for tragedy which are observedin Greek tragedies and Neoclassic drama, that is a tragedy must have one single action which takes place within one day and in one place. It required that the events of a play not exceeda single day (time), be confined to a single location or to several locations within a small area (pla ce), and not have subplots (action). It is term given by Aristotle and strictly adhered in 17th Franc e and then over Europe.e.g. Cid by Pierre Corneille13、Topographical poetry: a local poetry focusing on the presentation of landscapes and praising particular parks, estates and gardens. The emergence of this kind of poetry of which can be traced to the 1730s and was defined by Dr Johnson as “local poe try, of which the fundamental object is some particular landscape.e.g. The Seasons by James Thomson14、Graveyard Poets: This group of poets mainly comprises Thomas Parnell, Edward Young, Robert Blair and Thomas Gray. They wrote melancholy poems, often with the poet meditating on human mortality problems at night or in a graveyard. Gray is the most representative and successful among them and his poem Elegy written in a Country Church-yard is partly responsible for this group to be named graveyard poets.15、Metaphysical Poetry: Metaphysical poetry is defined as poetry dating from the 17th century in Britain that has an abstract and ethereal style. Such poetry used a variety of form and structures, but employed similar styles. The term was first coined by John Dryden in 1693 when he described a poem by John Donne as affecting “the metaphysical.” It was later popularized by Samuel Johnson in 1781.e.g. The flea by John Donne16、Allegory A tale in verse or prose in which characters, actions, orsettings represent abstract ideas or moral qualities. An allegory is astory with two meanings, a literal meaning and a symbolic meaning.Allegory is generally treated as a figure of rhetoric, but an allegory does nor have to be expressed in language: it may be addressed to teh eye, and is often found in realistic painting, sculpture or some other form of mimetic, or represent are.The etylmological meaning of the word is broader than the common use of the word. Though it is similar to other rhetorical comparisons. An allegory is sustained lnger and more fully in its details than a metaphor, and appeals to imagination, while an analogy appeals to reason or logical. The fable or parable is a short allegory with one definite moral.E.g. The Pilgrim's Progress by John Bunyan。
#slang 1 - introduction
Idiomsidiom (noun) — a group of words established by usage ashaving a meaning not deducible from those of the individualwords (e.g. “on pins and needles”, meaning to be worriedabout something).(traditional language)Slang (the topic of the final exam)slang (noun) — A kind of language occurring chiefly incasual and playful speech, made up typically of short-livedcoinages and figures of speech that are deliberately used inplace of standard terms for added raciness, humor,irreverence, or other effect.Jargonjargon (noun) — specialized technical terminologycharacteristic of a particular subject; a characteristiclanguage of a particular group.Using the following list of slang words produce a conversational dialogue between students who have just been dismissed from school and are talking about their plans for the weekend (3 nights and 2 days!). The task is to use much slang as possible and in the correct native style. Each member of your group should have 60 seconds of dialogue and grading will be 50% group based and 50% individual based performance. I may also ask students to respond to questions using slang, should I deem it necessary. Grading will be based on accuracy, coherence, fluency, understanding, body language, enthusiasm, intonation, speed, volume and general presentation.。
British words英式英语常用词汇
absobloodylootely: absolutelyafter: bars open after normal closing timeall over the gaff: unorganizedarse: buttarse-over-tit: drunkballistic: wildbangers: sausagesbarmy: crazybehave: more! (Think Austin Powers.)bob: shillingblimey!: Oh geez!bloke: a malebobby: policemanbrilliant!: great! awesome!cabbage: a slow personcack: crap (What a load of cack, mate!)cakehole: mouth (Shut your cakehole!)Charlie: crack, cocainechips: french frieschunder: to throw upciggy: cigaretteclaret: blood (They were copping it up, claret all over the place!) cop a feel: to feel someone upto cop it: to get in troublecopper: policemanCrikey!: My God!damage: costDicky: feeling unwelldoddle: something easy (It was a doddle to get the Charlie.) dodgy: shadydone over: beat up (He was done over by that bloke.) Doris: a plain womandosh: moneyduck and dive: to run from the policeearner: a dishonest laborereppy: a fitfaced: drunkfive finger discount: shopliftingflim-flam: crap (Cut out this flim-flam, you wanker!) flippin: freakin'folding: paper pound-notesFor crying out loud!: For God's sake!Frenchy: a french kissfull monty: the entire take, all that is desiredfunny farm: a mental institutiongab: to talk a lotgander: to look atgeezer: an old manget the nod: to get permissiongit: an unlikeable persongob: mouthgoppin': grossgreaser: a 50's style person, usually a mangrub: foodgutted: choked up (He was gutted at the funeral, mate.) hacked off: annoyed (He was really hacked off at that copper.) having it off: a term for intercourseheadcase: a nutcasehold it down: keep the noise down, control yourselfhooter: noseickle: small, tiny (I like that an ickle bit, mate.)iffy: doubting, doubtfulin stook: in financial trouble (Your uncle's in stook, mate.) inside: imprisoned (Barry's inside again.)jammy: luckyjar: a pint of beerjock: a Scottish manjugs: breastsjuiced up: very drunkkick it off: start something, a fight with another Brit perhaps kip: sleep (I need some kip, mate.)knackered: tiredknock-up: to wake someone uplairy: loud, brashlarging it: to live largelip: smart talkloaded: very richlock-in: a term for late-hours in a publolly: moneylost the plot: gone mad (That nutter's completely lost the plot!) malarkey: stuff and nonsense (What a load of malarkey!) mate: address for a friendmental: crazymiffed: fed upminger: an unattractive girlmint: great condition (That's mint, mate.)mitts: handsmonkey: 500 poundsmoose: an ugly girlmullered: drunkmunch: food (Time for munch, mate!)naff: nasty, in poor taste (That's naff!)nipper: a small childnosh: foodnugget: a pound coinnutter: a crazy personoffie: a place where off-license alcohol is soldoff your face: very drunkout of the tree: nutsparky: chilly (Parky weather today.)plank, a foolponce: a slackerramped: drunkrat-arsed: drunkreadies: cash on hand (Have any readies? I'm all out.) ruck: a fightrug: wigsalt: a loose womanscrounge: to begg food, materialsshafted: screwed, betrayedshag: sexual intercourseshell-like: ear (Can I have a word in your shell-like?) skirt: a young womansnog: a french kisssquire: a term for a working mansussed out: figured outtanked: drunktoerag: a tramptom: a prostitutetooled: drunktop!: wonderfultrainspotter: a nerd, geektrots: an upset stomachup for it: enthusiastically availableup the duff: pregnantwank: to masturbatewedge: moneywind up: to teaseThis dictionary is by no means exhaustive, but it should give you an idea of the most common British slang terms and their proper use. So get off your duff, you wanker, and grab the full monty! Good luck!。
新视野大学英语(第二版)泛读教程2 Unit1 课文翻译及课前课后答案
UNIT 1PASSAGE APolar Differences Between Chinese and American Cultures Americans wear black for mourning. Chinese wear white. Westerners think of dragons as monsters. Chinese honor them as representations of God. The polarities between Chinese civilization and the West often make it seem as though each stands at extreme ends of the earth. Now a University of California, Berkeley, psychologist has discovered deeper polarities between Chinese and American cultures-polarities that go to the heart of how we reason and discover truth.在丧礼上，美国人穿黑色丧服，而中国人穿白色。
西方人认为龙是怪物，而中国人把龙当成神明。
中国与西方的文明差异使它们看起来像分别站在地球的极端。
最近加利福尼亚的一所大学的心理学家伯克利发现中国和美国文化差异的更深极性，那是关于内心深处的如何理性和发现真理的极性。
His findings go far toward explaining many of the differences between Chinese and American cultures, when compared to each other. More importantly, the research opens the door for the peoples of the East and the West to learn from each other in basic ways. The Chinese would learn much from Western methods for determining scientific truth, said Kaiping Peng, a former Beijing scholar, who is now a UC Berkeley assistant professor of psychology, and Americans could profit from Chinese ways of accepting contradictions in social and personal life.他的研究结果对于解释许多中美文化比照的差异有很大的奉献。
England 英国的资料
.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England.The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones.EnglandThe largest (takes up 60%of the whole island)Most po pulous (makes up 85% of the country‘s whole population)The richest sectionEconomic & cultural center(p.2)―We English people take this too much for granted, and tend to use the words ‗England‘ and ‗English‘ when we mean ‗Britain‘ and ‗British‘。
This sometimes annoys the Scots and Welsh‖源于文档Scotland (78,760 square kilometres)a. Three zone:①Highlands in the north: plateau;②Central Lowlands: most important area in Scotland which contain most of the industry and population;③Southern Uplands: moorland.b. Ben Nevis (1,343 m), the highest mountain in Britain.c. Capital: Edinburgh.5. Wales (20,761 square kilometres which takes up less than 9% of the whole is l and)a. Most of Wales is Mountainous;b. 12% of the land is arable;c. Massif 断层;d. Snowdonia (1,085 m), highest mountain in Wales;e. Capital: Cardiff.6. Northern Ireland (14,147 square kilometres which takes up 1/5 of Ireland)a. It has a rocky and wild northern coastline;b. Capital: Belfast.Northern Ireland, also known as Ulster, has a population of one and a half million. About 1/3 of them are Roman Catholics who are not glad to see the unification with Great Britain dominated by Protestantism. The Catholic extremists organized the Irish Republican Army to continue their struggle. The goal of IRA is to oust the English and unify N.I. with the Republic of Ireland. The guerrillas resort to terrorist campaigns of bombing murdering and arson. They even launched mortar attacks on London‘s H.A. their political wing is known as Si nn Fein. The bloody political and sectarian fighting in N.I. has promoted Brit. and N.I. to reach an agreement known as Downing Street Declaration which offers Sinn Fein a role in talks on the future of N.I. What is IRA?Irish Republican Army (IRA)源于维基Established in 1919 as an anti-British para-military organization.The goal of the IRA guerrillas is to drive the English out and unify Northern Ireland with the Republic of Ireland.IRA is a terrorist organization. They dedicated to the unification of all Ireland as a country by means of terrorism and violent..Climate源于文档1. Maritimea. Favorable one, winters are mild not too cold and summers are cool not too hot;b. Steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year;c. Small range of temperature.3. Rainfalla. General: Britain has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year. Theaverage annual rainfall in Britain is over 1,000 mm;b. Character: ①Water surplus in north and west; ②Water deficit in south and east.c. Reservoirs have to be built in highland areas such as Central Wales, the Lake District and the Scottish Highlands⏹―Other countries have a climate; in England we have weather.‖⏹In no country other than England, it has been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day! Day may break as a balmy spring morning; an hour or solater black clouds have appeared from nowhere and the rain may be pouring down. At midday conditions may be really wintry with the temperature down by about 8 or more centigrade. And then, in the afternoon the sky will clear, the sun will begin to shine, and for an hour or two before darkness falls, it will be summer.⏹Does Britain have a broadened cultural background?Yes. Not only has Britain a broadened cultural background but also it has been trying to keep an excellent preservation over the historical background.Are the British people Europeans?This may seem a strange question to Africans and Asians, who tend to think of all white men as Europeans. but the British, when they are in Britain, do not regard themselves as Europeans. The Europeans, to them, are those rather excitable foreigners from the other side of the English Channel, who have never learnt how to speak English. Europe is ‗the Continent‘: a place full of interest for British tourists, but also the source of almost all the wars in which Britain has ever been involved. Thus, although geographically speaking Britain is a part of Europe, yet the fact that it is a separate island has made its people feel very, very insular. They feel, and in many ways are, different from the rest of Europe, and they sometimes annoy continental nations by failing to support them, or even to understand them, in time of need. Where did the British people come from?This is an extraordinarily interesting question, since they are a mixture of many different races, and all these races invaded Britain at various times from Europe..The Norman Conquest (1066)1. Background: King is also said to have promised the English throne to William, Duke ofNormandy. But, when Edward was on his deathbed, four men laid claim to the English throne. Finally, the Witan chose Harold as king. Four men : King of Norway / T ostig Ⅼ→H arold (king) →Duke of Normandy( join together ) ( fight ) ( fight )2. Process: ①1066.10.14, the battle on Senlac Field (near Hastings), where Haroldwas killed; ②1066 Christmas, William crowned King of England by the Archbishop of Y ork.3. Measure to face Saxon risings in the north: ―harrying of the north‖.4. Significance: The Norman Conquest of 1066 is perhaps the best-knownevent in English history. William the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with a strong Norman government. So the feudal system was completely established in England.Relations with t he Continent were opened, and civilization and commerce were ext ended. Norman-French culture, language, manners, and architecture were introduced.The Church was brought into closer connection with Rome, and the church courtswere separated from the civil courts.1066年年的诺曼征服也许是英国历史上的最著名事件。
English-slang
English-slang1.It’s a hit.这件事很受人欢迎。
2.You hit the nail on the head. 你真是一言中的。
3.It’s all Greek to me.我全不懂。
4.He’s always on the go.他永远是前进的。
5.That’s a good gimmick.那是一个好办法。
6.He is a fast talker.他老是说得天花乱坠。
7.What’s the gag?这里面有什么奥妙？8.Drop dead.走开点。
9.What’s eating you?你有什么烦恼？10.He double-crossed me. 他出卖了我。
11.It’s my cup of tea.这很合我胃口。
2.3.滚蛋！18.Stop pulling my leg.不要开我玩笑了。
19.Don’t jump on me.不要跟我发火。
20.No dice.不行。
21.He always goofs off.他总是糊里糊涂。
22.So,you finally broke the ice. 你终于打破了僵局。
23.Nuts!胡说！24.He is a nut.他有点神经病。
25.It’s on the house.这是免费的。
26.Don’t panic.不要慌啊！27.He is a phoney.他是一个骗子。
28.He was put on the spot.他已经给人打死了。
29.He’s down and out.他已经完了。
30.That will be the day.要有这么一天就好了。
4.Tit for tat：针锋相对Tweedledum and tweedledee：半斤八两hum and haw：表示犹豫或支吾的嗯嗯呃呃声cling-clang：叮当作响，铿锵声。
rat-tat, rat-a-rat, rat-tat -tat敲门的）砰砰声。
英国文学发展史一览
英国文学发展史一览1.English Literature of Anglo-Saxon PeriodTime: about 7th centuryFeatures: verse literature （唱诗）two groups: pagan （非宗教性的）and religiousMain works:“Beowulf”poetry by Caedmon and Cynewulf2.English Literature of Middle CenturiesTime: mid 11th Century – 15th CenturyFeatures:1.influence of the Norman Conquest2.Main works and writers:3.the Romances （骑士文学）4.Chaucer’s “The Canterbury Tales”3.English Literature of RenaissanceTime: early 16th Century—mid 17th CenturyFeatures: the first glori ous period of English literary history, “ A nest of singing birds …” （百家争鸣，百花齐放）Main writers:1.Thomas More2.Edmund Spencer3.Francis Bacon4.Shakespeare4.English Literature during the Bourgeois RevolutionTime:1625—1688The English Bourgeois Revolution begins from 1642Features:Puritan age represented by John MiltonMain literary form: PoetryMain writers:John Milton 1608--16745.English Literature of the 18th CenturyFeatures:Also as the Enlightenment Movement Period （启蒙时期）It is divided into 3 stages:1.“Glorious revolution” to the end of 1730’s;2.The mature period (1740’s—1750’s);3.The last period covers the rest decades of the 18th century.Main authors:（小说家）Daniel Defoe，Jonathan Swift, Henry Fielding（诗人）Alexander Pope6.Romanticism in EnglandTime: 1798--1832Features:1.是英国文学史上诗歌最为繁盛的时期；2.分为消极和积极两组。
Slang of UK
您好，以下时你不一定知道的超实用英文俚语汇总：a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush 一鸟在手，胜似二鸟在林a blank slate 干净的黑板（新的一页，新的开始）a bone to pick 可挑剔的骨头（争端，不满）a cat nap 打个盹儿a ouch potato 躺椅上的马铃薯（懒鬼）a headache 头痛（麻烦事）a knock out 击倒（美得让人倾倒）a load off my mind 心头大石落地a pain in the neck 脖子疼（苦事）a piece of cake 一块蛋糕（小菜一碟，易事一件）a shot in the dark 盲目射击（瞎猜）a sinking ship 正在下沉的船a slap in the face 脸上挨了一耳光（公然受辱）a social butterfly 社交蝴蝶（善于交际，会应酬的人）a thorn in someone''s side 腰上的荆棘（芒刺在背）a turn coat 反穿皮袄的人（叛徒）a weight off my shoulders 放下肩头重担an ace up my sleeve 袖里的王牌ants in one''s pants 裤裆里有蚂蚁（坐立不安）back in the saddle重上马鞍（重整旗鼓）back on track重上轨道（改过自新）backfire逆火（弄巧成拙，适得其反）ball and chain 铁球铁链，甜蜜的枷（老婆）beat a dead horse 鞭打死马令其奔驰（徒劳）beaten by the ugly stick 被丑杖打过（生得难看）bet your life 把命赌上（绝对错了）better half 我的另一半big headed 大脑袋（傲慢，自大）bigger fish to fry 有更大的鱼要炸（有更重要的事要办）bite the bullet 咬子弹（强忍痛苦）birds of a feather flock together 羽毛相同的鸟总飞成一群（物以类聚）blow up in you face 在眼前爆炸（事情完全弄砸了）break a let 折断一条腿（表演真实，演出成功）break the ice 破冰（打破僵局）brown nose 讨好，谄媚bull in a china shop 瓷器店里的蛮牛（笨拙的人，动辄弄坏东西的人）burst your bubble 扎破泡泡（打破人的幻想，煞风景）bury one's head in the sand把头埋在沙里（自欺欺人）butterflies in my stomach肚里有只蝴蝶（心里紧张，七上八下）buy the farm买下农场（归道山，死了）cash in my chips兑换筹码（睡觉，就寝）circle the wagons把篷车围成一圈（严阵以待）clean up one's act自我检点，自我改进come down in sheets整片整片地下（倾盆大雨）cross the line 跨过线（做得太过分了）cross that bridge when we come to it 到了桥头就过桥（船到桥头自然直）cut to the chase 抄捷径去追猎物（不绕圈子，开门见山，单刀直入）daily grind 例行苦事，每天得干的苦工days are numbered 来日无多dead center 正当中dead-end street 死路，死巷子domino effect 骨牌效应down to the wire 最后关头down under 南边（常指面半球的澳洲）downhill from here 从此都是下坡路（自此每况愈下）drop the ball 掉了球（失职）empty nest 空巢（儿女长大离家）get hitched 拴起来（结婚）get off on the wrong foot 起步便错（第一印象不佳）get the ball rolling 让球滚起来（动起手来）goose bumps 鸡皮疙瘩hit the road 上路hold your horses 勒住你的马（慢来）hang somebody out to dry 把……晾起来了（把……坑苦了）in one''s back pocket 在某人裤子后口袋里（是某人的囊中之物）in the dark 在黑暗中（茫然，什么也不知道）in the spotlight 站在聚光灯圈里（出风头）it''s Greek to me 希腊文（天书）joined at the hip 连体婴（死党，从不分开的两个人）jump the gun 枪未响先偷跑（抢先）kick the bucket 踢水桶（翘辫子）kill two birds with one stone一箭双雕，一举两得last straw 最后一根稻草left a bitter taste in one''s mouth 留下满嘴苦味（留下不愉快的回忆）light a fire under your butt 在屁股下点一把火（促其行动）light at the end of the tunnel 隧道末端的光（一线希望）like shooting fish in a barrel 桶里射鱼（瓮中捉鳖）ling winded 长舌，碎嘴Monday morning quarterback 星期一早晨的四分卫（马后炮）my old man 我的老头（我父亲）out of the pan and into the fire 跳出锅里，掉进火里（每况愈下）plenty of other fish in the sea 海里的鱼多得很（天涯何处无芳草）poker face 扑克面孔（喜怒不形于色）pop the question 提出大问题（求婚）pot calling the kettle black 锅嫌壶黑（五十步笑百步）punch your lights out 揍得你两眼发黑put all of one''s eggs in one basket 鸡蛋都放在一个篮子里（孤注一掷）put one''s foot in one''s mouth 把脚丫放进嘴里（说错话了）rob the cradle 劫摇篮（老牛吃嫩草）skate on thin ice 在薄冰上滑冰（如履薄冰，身历险境）skeleton in one''s closet 壁橱里的骷髅（不可告人的事）skin and bones 皮包骨sleep on it 睡在上面（考虑一晚上）small talk 寒喧，闲聊smooth sailing 一帆风顺stab in the back 背后插刀（遭人暗算）stallion 千里驹（貌美体健的男人）stud 种马（貌美体健的男人）swing for the fence 打全垒打take a hike 走路（滚蛋）until you are blue in the face 干到脸发青（也是白干）unwind 放松发条（轻松下来）up for grabs 大家有份up in the air 挂在空中（悬而未决）when hell freezes over 地狱结冰（绝不可能的事）weed out 除去杂草（淘汰）well rounded全能，全才when pigs fly 猪飞的时候（绝不可能）not lift a finger 连手指都不动一动（袖手旁观）wrapped around his/her little finger 化为绕指柔（玩弄于股掌之间）以下是最近的：apple-polisher 马屁精例如：She is a real apple-polisher for the way she s crawling around the boss and making eyes at him.她是一个马屁精，整天围着老板眉来眼去的。
英美概况词汇
Glossarythe U.K.1.the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国2.the British Isles 不列颠群岛3.the Commonwealth 英联邦4.the Pennines 奔宁山地（奔宁山脉地区，有“英格兰的脊梁”之称）5.the Severn 塞汶河（英国最长河流）6.the Thames River 泰晤士河7.Ben Nevis 尼维斯山（英国最高峰）8.Stonehenge (威尔特郡的) 圆形石林9.the Ice Age 冰川期，冰河时代（距今一万多年前）10.the Lake District 湖区（英格兰东北部，以美丽的湖光山色著称）11.the native Celts 土著凯尔特人12.Anglo-Saxons 盎格鲁-撒克逊人13.the Indo-European language family 印欧语系14.the Germanic Language 日尔曼语15.the bourgeois democracy 资产阶级民主16.constitutional monarchy 君主立宪17.the Church of England （the state church) 英国国教18.the Gunpowder plot of 1605 1605 年火药阴谋案19.enclosure movement 圈地运动20.No. 10 Downing Street 唐宁街10号(英国首相府邸)21.Westminster Abbey 威斯敏斯特教堂22.the Tower of London 伦敦塔23.the Buckingham palace 白金汉宫24.Hyde Park （伦敦）海德公园（因常举行政治性集会而著称）25.Parliament Houses 议会大厦26.Norman Conquest 诺曼征服27.William the Conqueror 征服者威廉28.Julius Caesar 凯撒29.Mayflower 五月花号mon Law 习惯法31.the Act of Supremacy 至尊法案32.magistrates’ court 地方法庭33.the Bar Examination 取得律师资格的考试34.the Liberal Democratic Party 自民党35.the Conservative Party 保守党36.the Labor Party 工党37.the Government Party 执政党38.the British Cabinet 英国内阁39.shadow cabinet 影子内阁，预备内阁40.the Opposition Party 反对党41. the House of Lords (the Upper House) 上议院42.the House of Commons (the Lower House) 下议院43. the Privy Council 枢密院（国王的私人参议机构）44. Cabinet minister 内阁大臣45. the Lords Spiritual 上议院神职议员46. the Lords Temporal 上议院世俗议员47. Free Church 独立教派48.the circuit courts 巡回法庭49.the Great Charter 大宪章50.feudal aristocracy 封建贵族51.constitutional monarchy 君主立宪政体52.the Renaissance 文艺复兴53.Humanism 人文主义54.the Divine Rights of Kings 君权神授55.the original sin 原罪56.the Reformation 宗教改革57.the New Testament 新约全书58.the Old Testament 旧约全书59.Tudor Monarchy 都铎王朝60.Plantagenet Dynasty 金雀花王朝（英国历史上第一个王朝）61.Christian Church 基督教62.Islam 伊斯兰教63.Catholicism 天主教64.Protestantism 新教65.Puritanism 清教主义66.Martin Luther 马丁·路德（宗教领袖）67.the Industrial Revolution 工业革命68.the Glorious Revolution 光荣革命69.Roman Civilization 罗马文明70.primitive accumulation of capital 资本的原始积累71.the Chartist Movement 宪章运动（1838-1848）72.the British Empire 大英帝国73.Oliver Cromwell 克伦威尔74.Margaret Thatcher 撒切尔75.Winston Churchill 丘吉尔76.Bloody Mary 血腥玛丽（英国国王亨利八世之女，为强行恢复天主教，血腥镇压新教徒而得名）77.Pope 罗马教皇78.archbishop 大主教79.Hebrews 希伯莱人80.Jewish Church 犹太教81.the Foreign Secretary 外交大臣82.the Chancellor of the Exchequer 财政大臣83.the Secretary of State 国务大臣84. the Prime Minister 首相85. general election 大选86.grammar school 文法学校87.boarding school 寄宿学校88.prep school or preparatory school 预科学校89.public or private school (GB) 私立学校pulsory full-time education 全日制义务教育91. GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education) 中学教育普通证书92. GNVQ（General National V ocational Qualification）国家普通职业资格证书93. Compulsory Education 义务教育94. Secondary Education 中等教育95. Further Education 延续教育96. Higher Education 高等教育97. Duke, Marquis, Earl, Viscount and Baron 公爵、侯爵、伯爵、子爵、男爵98. the Whig Party 辉格党99. Fabian Society 费边社100. Lord Chancellor 大法官101. legislative branch 立法机构102. executive branch 行政机构103. the B.B.C. (the British Broadcasting Corporation) 英国广播公司104. Reuters (Reuters News Agency) 路透社105. Easter （耶稣）复活节（指每年过春分月圆后第一个星期日）106. Good Friday 耶稣受难日107.Guy Fawkes Day 盖伊·福克斯日（11月5日英国庆祝1605年火药阴谋案主谋之一Guy Fawkes 被捕的纪念日）108.the Times 《泰晤时报》109.the Guardian 《英国卫报》110.Daily Express （英）《每日快报》111. the Anglican Church英国圣公会；英国国教112.the Archbishop of Canterbury坎特伯雷大主教113.the Authorized Version（基督教《圣经》的）英译钦定本114.the Battle of Hastings黑斯廷斯战役115.Big Ben（伦敦议会厅上）大钟116.the Black Death黑死病117.Boxing Day节礼日118.the British Museum大不列颠博物馆119.East End伦敦东区120.Gaelic盖尔语121.the Garden of Eden伊甸园122.the Gospels福音123.Great Council国王咨询会议124.the League of Nations国际联盟125.the Lend-Lease Act租借法126.Lord Protector护国公127.the Nonconformist Church不信奉英国国教的教会128.the Orthodox Eastern Church东正教129.Poll Tax人头税130.the Tory Party托利党the U.S.A.1.the Gulf of Mexico 墨西哥湾2.gold rush 淘金热3.the Appalachian Mountains 阿巴拉契亚山脉4.the Rockies 落基山脉5.the National Grand Canyon Park 大峡谷国家公园ernment principles 政府原则7.delegated powers 特有权8.separation of powers/ division of power 权力分配9.racial discrimination 种族歧视10.the Niagara Falls 尼亚加拉瀑布11.the Great Lakes 五大湖12.the Mississippi River 密西西比河13.the Yellow Stone National Park 国立黄石公园14.the Bering Strait 白令海峡15.the New England 新英格兰（指美国东北部的六个州）16.ABC (American Broadcasting Corporation) 美国广播公司17.the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (ATT) 美国电话电报公司18.Capitol Hill 国会山19.the Pentagon 五角大楼20.the Senate 参议院21.House of Representatives 众议院22.Statue of Liberty 自由女神23.the White House 白宫24.Chinatown 唐人街25.the Pilgrim Fathers 移居美国的一批英国清教徒26.the Stamp Tax 印花税27.the Boston Tea Party 波士顿倾茶事件28.No taxation without representation 没有代表权不缴税29.Continental Congress 大陆会议30.the War of Independence 独立战争31.Federalists and Anti-Federalists 联邦派与反联邦派32.Bill of Rights 人权法案33.the Emancipation Proclamation 解放黑奴宣言34.the Federal Reserve Act 联邦储备条例35.the Korean War 朝鲜战争36.the Chinese V olunteers 中国人民志愿军37.the Truman Doctrine 杜鲁门主义38.the beat generation 垮了的一代39.the Watergate Affair 水门事件40.the Pearl Harbor incident 日本偷袭珍珠港事件41.Thanksgiving Day 感恩节(the 4th Thursday in Nov.)42.Independence Day 独立纪念日(July 4th)43.St. Valentine’s Day 圣瓦伦丁节(Feb. 14th)44.The Declaration of Independence 独立宣言45.the constitutional convention 制宪会议46.the American Constitution (Constitution of the United States) 美国宪法（世界上第一部成文宪法）47.the Monroe doctrine 门罗主义48.Ku Klux Klan 三K党49.the American Civil War 美国内战50.Lost Generation 迷茫的一代51.the appeasement policy 绥靖政策52.the Allies 同盟国53.the Civil Rights Movement 民权运动54.federalism 联邦主义55.the Department of State 国务院56.the Defense Department 国防部57.the Justice Department 司法部58.impeach 弹劾59.brain trust 智囊团60.the Democratic Party 民主党61.the Republican Party 共和党62.FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) 联邦调查局63.CIA (The Central Intelligence Agency) 中情局64.Washington Post 《华盛顿邮报》65.The New York Times 《纽约时报》66.The Wall Street Journal 《华尔街日报》67.Associated Press (AP) 美联社68.the New York Stock Exchange 纽约股票交易所69.melting pot 大熔炉70.Great Depression 大萧条71.Ivy League Schools 常青藤联盟72.European Community 欧共体73.the inauguration ceremony 就职仪式74. the Chinese Exclusion Act 排华法案75. checks and balances 相互制衡制度76. Chief Justice and Associate Justice 首席大法官与大法官77. Courts of Appeals 上诉法院78. the Supreme Court 最高法院79. the abolition movement废奴运动80.the American Socialist Labor Party 美国社工党81. Anti-War Movement反战运动82.the Axis Powers轴心国83.the Battle of Gettysburg葛底斯堡战役84.the Boston Massacre波士顿惨案85.the Cairo Conference 开罗会议86.Cambridge University剑桥大学87.the Cold War 冷战88.Containment Policy 遏制政策89.Harriet Beecher Stowe斯托夫人90. Harvard University 哈佛大学91. Marshall Plan 马歇尔计划92. the “New Deal”新政93. the “Open Door Policy” 门户开放政策94. the Quakers贵格教会（教友派）95. the Rockefeller Interest Group洛克菲勒财团96. the Salvation Army救世军97. sit-in demonstration静坐示威运动98. Westward Movement 西进运动99. Wilson’s Fourteen Points威尔逊的十四点建议100. Yale University耶鲁大学。
English Slang
1. n. 俚语 2. 钱 3. 钱 4. 伦敦押韵俚语 5. 白话 6. 不支持 7. 持续；持久 8. 酒 9. 脏话；咒骂 10.脏话 11.术语
I. Pre-listening 1. What is slang? 2. What is the conversation about? 3. Can you think of some slang words?
Spot filling 1. frowned upon 2. Lexicographer n. (sb. who composes a dictionary.) Eg: lexicon 3. had reputation 4. criminal 5. associated
1.Thank you! 2.Toilet 3.pound (money) 4.split the bill 5. state one’s opinion 6.a mean person 7.start from scratch 8.cook the books …
1.Ta! Cheers! 2.Loo 3.quid 4.go dutch 5. give sb. two cents’ worth 6.cheapskate 7.on a shoestring 8. make false accounts; change the accounts …
wyer (a person you can consult) 2.solicitor (a person Jargons: deals with paper o: occupational work) p: professional 3.barrister person eg: …that’s awash with futtock plates(a and usually appear in fiddying the decks. court to prosecute 里面充斥着内龙骨翼板和甲板 or defend) 4.attorney n. (similar to barrister)
English words
教你一眼认出英语单词的意思请大家想一想，英语是谁发明的？英国人呗！英国人认不认识汉语？不认识！那么英国人在学英语单词的时候需不需要记住单词的汉语意思？不需要，英国人的英语课本里根本就没有汉字，何谈记住单词的汉语意思？那么既然英国人学英语不需要记住(甚至根本就见不到)单词的汉语意思，那么中国人学英语为什么要去记住单词的汉语意思呢？这种做法大家不觉得奇怪吗？然而由于中国人学英语时都在背单词的汉语意思，因此大家反而觉不出“背汉字”有什么奇怪的了。
其实仔细想一想，这个行为真的很奇怪，奇怪的根源不在于行为本身，而在于中国人普遍不会直接识别英语单词的意思，因而只好靠汉语符号来机械地帮助记忆英语单词的意思，这样去学英语不仅多此一举，而且必然会陷入苦海无边的符号记忆灾难中。
其实英语单词和汉字一样，存在着很多的“偏旁部首”，知道了偏旁部首你就可以根据它们直接来猜测单词的意思，虽不说百分之百猜准，但起码可以猜测个大概，至少在别人告诉过你单词的意思后你可以恍然大悟地领会它，这样就可以大大增强你对英语单词“见字识意”的能力，做到真正认识一个单词，而把它的汉语意思仅做为一般参考。
举几个例子来说吧：比如单词representative，请别急着告诉我你认识这个单词，其实你不见得“认识”这个单词，你仅是凭着你的记忆力记住了这串英语字母和两个汉字符号“代表”之间的对应关系，这样去学英语你会多费劲？下面我来告诉你这个单词为什么是“代表”的意思。
re在英语里是一个偏旁部首，它是“回来”的意思；pre也是一个偏旁部首，是“向前”的意思；sent也是一个偏旁部首，是“发出去、派出去”的意思；a仅是偏旁部首之间的一个“连接件”，没了它两个辅音字母t就要连在一起了，发音会分不开，会费劲，因此用一个元音字母a隔开一下；tive 也是一个偏旁部首，是“人”的意思。
那么这几个偏旁部首连在一起是什么意思呢？re-pre-sent-a-tive，就是“回来-向前-派出去-的人”，即“回来征求大家的意见后又被派出去替大家讲话的人”，这不就是“代表”的意思吗！这么去认识一个单词才是真正“认识”了这个单词，把它认识到了骨子里。
English Slangs( 英语俚语)
English Slang
blow hot and cold: 1. Meaning:
To behave inconsistently; to vacillate or to waver, as between extremes of opinion or emotion. 反复无常；犹豫不决；摇摆不定
2. Etymology:
A calque of Spanish el momento de la verdad, which refers to the time of the final sword thrust in a bullfight. 这个习惯用语其实是从西班牙语翻译过来的，原指斗牛中最后一剑的时候。 美国著名作家海明威在1932年出版的小说《午后之死》里第一次用到了这个 习惯用语。
2. Etymology:
Blow hot and cold comes from Aesop's fable in which a satyr declares he cannot trust a man who blows hot (to warm his hands) and cold (to cool his food) with the same breath. 这个习惯用语的出处是一则伊索寓言，讲有个人冬天跟森林之神一起吃饭， 先是在手上哈气取暖，后来又吹气让热汤凉下来，森林之神因此跟他断绝了 关系，认为他反复无常，一会儿嫌冷一会儿嫌热。
acknowΒιβλιοθήκη edge the corn: 1. Meaning:
To acknowledge defeat or admit to a mistake; to cop a plea; to admit to a small error but not a larger one. 承认事实；接受指责(认错；认输)；（辩论中）认输
简明英国文学史问题及答案
Quiz (1)1.The first settlers of the British Isles were Celt, and Britain got its name from a branch of thispeople called Briton. But later they were driven to live in Scotland, Wales and Ireland.不列颠群岛的第一批定居者是凯尔特人，Britain的叫法则就是来源于他们的一个叫做Briton（不列颠人）的分支。
但后来他们被驱赶到苏格兰，威尔士和爱尔兰居住。
2.The Angles, Saxons and Jutes were Germanic tribes originally living on the Continent. Theymoved to the British Isles and became the ancestors of the English people.盎格鲁人、撒克逊人和朱特人是最初居住在大陆的日耳曼部落。
他们搬到不列颠群岛，成为英国人的祖先。
3.The most important event of the Old English Period was Norman Conquest, which tookplace in the year 1066.古英语时期最重要的事件是1006年发生的诺尔曼征服。
4.The Roman Catholic Church sent St. Augustine to England in 597 to convert the Englishpeople to Catholicism.罗马天主教会于597年将圣奥古斯丁派遣到英格兰，使英国人皈依天主教。
two poems of this period apart from Beowulf: Widsith, and The Seafarer.请列出这段时期的除了《贝奥武夫》两首诗：Widsith(威德西斯)和The Seafarer(水手) 6.Beowulf is an epic of Alliterative lines, and it tells the events that took place on theContinent before they moved to the British Isles.贝奥武甫（Beowulf）是一首头韵体裁的史诗，它讲述了在大陆迁移到不列颠群岛之前发生的事件。
文体学复习资料
文体学复习资料！1.EST: The English of science and technology.2.Pitch: Some sounds or groups of sounds in one's speech to be relatively higher orlower than others. This relative height of speech sounds as perceived by a listener is called "pitch".3.Euphemism: substituting an inoffensive or pleasant word or expression for a moreoffensive one.4.Point of view: the position of the author in relation to his subject.5.Tempo: the speed of speaking.6.Tenor of discours e: the participants, their education, social status, the role-relationship between the addresser and the addressee, the degree of intimacy, the degree of social distance.7.RP: Received Pronunciation8.Stress: the prominence of sounds9.Graphology: the writing forms, and the signs used in a text10.Associative meaning: the meanings that a word has beyond or in addition to itsconceptual meaning.11.Inverted pyramid method: the lead offers the most essential elements, telling who,what, when, where, and why (how) of the story; the second paragraph has less important information; the latter paragraphs contain still less important information. 1.What does general stylistics study?Stylistics is a branch of linguistics which studies style in a scientific and systematic way concerning the manners/linguistic features of different varieties of language at different levels.2.What is a text? Explain the aspects of textual analysis.A text is any passage, spoken or written, of whatever length, that forms a unifiedwhole. A text is then a semantic unit, a unit not only of form, but also of meaning.Textual analysis includes the following aspects: text layout, reference, substitution, ellipsis, logical connectors, collocation, inter-sentence relationship.3.What is the difference in the effect between the use of Latinate words and that ofnative words?Latinate words often help to create the effect of coolness, dignity, formality and intellectual distance. Anglo-Saxon words are close to their hearts and emotionally charged and quite common informal.4. Say something about the differences in pronunciation between standard Britishand American English.RP differs from GA in many ways. For example, where the phoneme/ɔ/ is used in RP, it would be /ɑ:/in GA, as in hot /hɑ:t/. In RP, there is no /r/ sound before a consonant, while in GA, we usually find it as in farm /fɑːrm/, lark /[lɑːrk]/, etc.Most Americans pronounce either and neither with the vowel of teeth or beneath, while in Britain an alternate pronunciation has developed since the American colonies were established and the more usual pronunciation is now with an initial diphthong [ai].5. What are the main stylistic features of E-English?Lexically it is characterized by the economy of language which are reflected in the use of abbreviations, clippings, blendings, numbers, emoticons, smileysSyntactically it tends to be simple and direct, which is reflected in its tendency ofusing short sentences, simple sentences, minor sentences, elliptical sentences, active voice, present and present continuous tenses6. Make some sentences of your own indicating the five degrees of formality.The frozen style (有点长P64 大家有好的例子请提供！)The formal style: Your silence is requested.The consultative style: Would you be so good?The casual style: Quiet, please!The intimate style: Do shut up!7. What are the basic stylistic features of conversation at the lexical level?PPT版：The use of informal, monosyllabic, Anglo-Saxon words;Frequent use of phrasal verbs;Use of slang and jargon words among close friends, family members or people with shared knowledge;Use of slang words among people with shared knowledge;General and vague words are frequently used;Pronouns, esp. first and second person pronouns, often occur in conversation.②The use of informal, monosyllabic, Anglo-Saxon words;The use of colloquial words;The use of slang and jargon words in casual conversation;The use of general words;The use of pronouns, especially first and second person pronouns8. Say something about the types of public speeches.The informative speech, the persuasive speech, the entertaining speech, the stimulating speech9. What are the general stylistic features of newspaper headlines？The main features of headlines are as follows:（a）The omission of articles and the link verb（b）Frequent use of abbreviations（c）Present tense is often used（d）short, powerful words are often employed（e）The use of pre-modification（f）Frequent use of figures of speech10. How many parts does an advertisement usually consist of？A complete advertisement usually consists of the headline, the illustrations, the body copy, the slogan（or tag-line）, the trade-mark, and the standing details（supplementary items）.11.Why the present tense and passive voice are often used in EST?简化版：The present tense is often used to show a general truth.The passive voice is often used because it is more concise and more objective in tone.课本版：The present tense reason: because scientific writings often contain information about scientific knowledge with no specific time reference. Since the simple present tense is often used to show a genera truth, or to indicate a state, or regular action or process.The passive voice reasons: a) Scientists are more interested in the action or facts rather than the doers. b) passive sentences are usually shorter and more concise than active ones c) passive sentences sound more objective in tone.。
希望了解英国的肢体语言的英语作文
希望了解英国的肢体语言的英语作文When it comes to understanding British body language,it's like trying to crack a code. The way Brits use their bodies to communicate can be just as important as the words coming out of their mouths. It's a whole other languagethat you need to decipher if you want to truly connect with the people of the UK.One thing that stands out about British body languageis their love for subtlety. Brits are masters of the understated gesture or expression. They don't need to be loud or flashy to get their point across. A raised eyebrow, a slight nod, or a half-smile can speak volumes without saying a word. It's all about reading between the lines and picking up on those little cues that reveal what's really going on beneath the surface.But don't be fooled by their reserved exterior. Brits may seem polite and proper on the outside, but their bodylanguage can be quite expressive once you know what to look for. Take, for example, the classic British stiff upper lip. It's a symbol of strength and resilience, but it can alsobe a mask for hiding true emotions. Learning to see pastthis facade can help you better understand what's really going on in a Brit's mind.And then there's the famous British sense of humor, which often comes through in their body language. From a cheeky wink to a playful nudge, Brits use humor to lighten the mood and connect with others. Understanding theirquirky sense of humor can go a long way in breaking down barriers and building rapport.Of course, like any culture, British body language is not without its pitfalls. Misinterpreting a gesture or expression can lead to misunderstandings and awkward moments. That's why it's important to approach the study of British body language with an open mind and a willingnessto learn. Ask questions, observe closely, and don't beafraid to make mistakes along the way. After all, as the saying goes, "Rome wasn't built in a day."In conclusion, delving into the world of British body language is like embarking on a fascinating journey of discovery. It's a language rich in nuance and cultural significance, one that can reveal a great deal about the people who speak it. So, if you're curious about understanding the subtle art of British body language, just remember to keep your eyes open, your mind sharp, and your heart willing. Who knows what secrets you might uncover along the way?。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
British Slang WordsMore Like This∙Aussie Slang Words∙Shaper Slang Definition∙How to Learn the Meanings of Words∙How to Translate Meneca in Spanish∙About DocksEducational Subjects Ads∙Language∙French∙British∙Cash Advance∙Debt Consolidation∙Insurance∙Free Credit ReportBritish slang, contrary to popular opinion, is not a lower-class trait. It stems from Shakespeare to Chaucer and encompasses nearly every generation of human speech. Learn to sound like a regular Brit mate!British slang, contrary to popular opinion, is not a lower-class trait. It stems from Shakespeare to Chaucer and encompasses nearly every generation of human speech. From Cockney rhyming slang to short-lived colloqialisms, England contains a mixture ofeuphenisms that often leave Americans scratching their heads. These words are not so hard to learn, however. Watch a bunch of really bad British movies, throw on your most pompous English accent, and use the following slang dictionary to sound like a wanky Brit, mate:absobloodylootely: absolutelyafter: bars open after normal closing timeall over the gaff: unorganizedarse: buttarse-over-tit: drunkballistic: wildbangers: sausagesbehave: more! (Think Austin Powers.)bob: shillingblimey!: Oh geez!bloke: a malebobby: policemanbrilliant!: great! awesome!cabbage: a slow personcack: crap (What a load of cack, mate!)cakehole: mouth (Shut your cakehole!)Charlie: crack, cocainechips: french frieschunder: to throw upciggy: cigaretteclaret: blood (They were copping it up, claret all over the place!) cop a feel: to feel someone upto cop it: to get in troublecopper: policemanCrikey!: My God!damage: costDicky: feeling unwelldoddle: something easy (It was a doddle to get the Charlie.) dodgy: shadydone over: beat up (He was done over by that bloke.)Doris: a plain womanduck and dive: to run from the policeearner: a dishonest laborereppy: a fitfaced: drunkfive finger discount: shopliftingflim-flam: crap (Cut out this flim-flam, you wanker!)flippin: freakin'folding: paper pound-notesFor crying out loud!: For God's sake!Frenchy: a french kissfull monty: the entire take, all that is desiredfunny farm: a mental institutiongab: to talk a lotgander: to look atgeezer: an old manget the nod: to get permissiongit: an unlikeable persongob: mouthgoppin': grossgreaser: a 50's style person, usually a mangrub: foodgutted: choked up (He was gutted at the funeral, mate.) hacked off: annoyed (He was really hacked off at that copper.) having it off: a term for intercourseheadcase: a nutcasehold it down: keep the noise down, control yourselfhooter: noseickle: small, tiny (I like that an ickle bit, mate.)iffy: doubting, doubtfulin stook: in financial trouble (Your uncle's in stook, mate.) inside: imprisoned (Barry's inside again.)jammy: luckyjar: a pint of beerjock: a Scottish manjugs: breastsjuiced up: very drunkkick it off: start something, a fight with another Brit perhaps kip: sleep (I need some kip, mate.)knackered: tiredknock-up: to wake someone uplairy: loud, brashlarging it: to live largelip: smart talkloaded: very richlock-in: a term for late-hours in a publolly: moneylost the plot: gone mad (That nutter's completely lost the plot!) malarkey: stuff and nonsense (What a load of malarkey!) mate: address for a friendmental: crazymiffed: fed upminger: an unattractive girlmint: great condition (That's mint, mate.)mitts: handsmonkey: 500 poundsmoose: an ugly girlmullered: drunkmunch: food (Time for munch, mate!)naff: nasty, in poor taste (That's naff!)nipper: a small childnosh: foodnugget: a pound coinnutter: a crazy personoffie: a place where off-license alcohol is soldoff your face: very drunkout of the tree: nutsparky: chilly (Parky weather today.)plank, a foolponce: a slackerramped: drunkrat-arsed: drunkreadies: cash on hand (Have any readies? I'm all out.) ruck: a fightrug: wigsalt: a loose womanscrounge: to begg food, materialsshafted: screwed, betrayedshag: sexual intercourseshell-like: ear (Can I have a word in your shell-like?)skirt: a young womansnog: a french kisssquire: a term for a working mansussed out: figured outtanked: drunktoerag: a tramptom: a prostitutetooled: drunktop!: wonderfultrainspotter: a nerd, geektrots: an upset stomachup for it: enthusiastically availableup the duff: pregnantwank: to masturbatewedge: moneywind up: to teaseThis dictionary is by no means exhaustive, but it should give you an idea of the most common British slang terms and their proper use. So get off your duff, you wanker, and grab the full monty! Good luck!。