高考英语语法之简单句知识点知识点(2)
高考英语必考语法知识点归纳
高考英语必考语法知识点归纳高考英语必备语法知识整理1高考英语必备语法——常见连接词(1)表选择关系或对等关系的连接词:either…or…,neither…nor…,or,aswellas,and,both…and….(2)表因果关系的连接词:therefore,so,asaresult,astheresultof,becauseof,dueto,owingto,thanksto 等。
(3)表时间顺序的连接词:the moment,as soon as,at first,then,later,mean while,at the beginning,in the end,before long,for the first time,the minute.(4)表转折关系的连接词:yet,and yet,but,while,on the contrary,on the otherhand,however,at the same time等。
(5)表解释说明的连接词:that is,that is to say,in other words,such as,for example,for instance,and soon,etc,and the like,and what not等。
(6)表总结的连接词:in aword,onthe whole,in short,to sumup,in all 等2高考英语必备语法——主语主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。
在原始的简单句中,主语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词表示。
例如:During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.(名词)We often speak English in class.(代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)3高考英语必备语法——谓语谓语(动词):谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
高考英语语法之简单句知识点全集汇编(2)
高考英语语法之简单句知识点全集汇编(2)一、选择题1.You had one of your teeth pulled out, ________?A.had you B.hadn’t youC.did you D.didn’t you2.—I telephoned him twice and I couldn’t get through to him.—The line might have been out of order, _________?A.don’t you B.do youC.wasn’t it D.hadn’t it3.---The girl hardly holds on to her dream, _______?---_______. I’m sure her dream will come true soon.A.doesn’t she; No, she doesn’t B.isn’t she; Yes, she isC.does she; Yes, she does D.does she; No, she doesn’t4.—John and Mary, ________ sure to come to our party this evening, ________?—OK, thank you, ________.A.be; will you; we will B.are; will they; we willC.are; aren’t they; we must D.will be; won’t they; we shall 5.There is little doubt in your mind that he does well in English, ________?A.is there B.isn’t thereC.does he D.doesn’t he6._____ the plant once a week if you are to get fruit in the autumn.A.Watered B.Watering C.To water D.Water7.Before you quit your job, ________ how your family would feel about your decision. A.consider B.consideringC.to consider D.considered8.-- Could I speak to Mr Smith, please?---______. I’ll go and ask him to answer the callA.Please hang on B.Please ring offC.Please hang up D.speaking9.______ great fun it is to have a swim on such a hot day!A.How B.How aC.What D.What a10.---John could hardly play the violin when we knew him, ________ he?---No, but he plays it well now.A.couldn’t B.didn’t C.could D.did11.---He is unlike his father who drinks a lot, _______?---Yes. He never drinks.A.is he B.doesn’t heC.does he D.isn’t he12.I don't believe you can do today's job with yesterday's methods and be in tomorrow'sbusiness,________?A.do I B.don't IC.can you D.can't you13.___our earth, or else it will be no longer for us to live on.A.Protected B.To protectC.protecting D.Protect14.—_____ do you exercise every month?—About Twice.A.How often B.How many times C.How soon15.--- Mrs Wellson doesn’t believe that Tom is unable to pass the exam, ________?---That’s where I disagree.A.doesn’t she B.does sheC.is he D.isn’t he16.________ yourself until the plane has come to a complete stop.A.Sit B.SeatC.Sitting D.Stand17.I wish to visit America,________?A.don’t I B.can I C.may I D.may you 18.There’s not much news in today’s newspaper,________?A.isn’t it B.is it C.isn’t there D.is there 19.Birds rarely build nests in our garden,________?A.don’t they B.do they C.didn’t they D.did they 20.Let’s go out for lunch, _____ we?A.will B.should C.shall D.would 21.—David,you sweep the floor today,_______?—With pleasure.I swept it yesterday,though.A.didn’t you B.do youC.don’t you D.will you22.—Must I hand in the homework right now?—‘That’s the rule. ____________A.Yes,you can.B.No,you can’t.C.Yes,you must.D.No,you mustn’t.23._______ do you think will get the first prize in the English Competition?A.who B.whom C.whose D.whoever 24.Don’t use your mobile phone while charging, ______ you may be shocked by electricity. A.or B.and C.but D.yet25.You must have seen him off yesterday, _________?A.haven't you B.didn't youC.mustn't you D.needn't you【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.D解析:D【解析】【详解】考查反意疑问句。
2024届高考英语复习:简单句主谓宾结构详解讲义
高考英语复习:简单句主谓宾结构详解讲义1)高考英语简单句主谓宾结构详解高考英语中,简单句的主谓宾结构是一个基础且重要的语法点。
下面,我将详细解释主谓宾结构的知识点,并给出相应的例句。
一、主谓宾结构知识点主谓宾结构是句子的基本框架,其中主语是句子所描述的主体,谓语描述主语的动作或状态,而宾语则是动作的对象或接受者。
主语(Subject):通常是句子中的名词或代词,表示句子所描述的人或事物。
谓语(Verb):描述主语的动作或状态,通常由动词担任。
宾语(Object):是动作的对象或接受者,也是由名词或代词来担任。
二、例句基本形式:主语+ 谓语+ 宾语I love music.(我爱音乐。
)在这个例子中,“I”是主语,“love”是谓语,“music”是宾语。
不同时态的主谓宾结构She reads books every day.(她每天读书。
)一般现在时,表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
He will buy a new car next month.(他下个月会买一辆新车。
)一般将来时,表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作。
They had finished their homework before dinner.(他们晚饭前已经完成了作业。
)过去完成时,表示在过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作。
不同动词类型的主谓宾结构She eats an apple.(她吃一个苹果。
)及物动词,直接带宾语。
I feel happy.(我感到快乐。
)系动词,后接形容词作表语,而非直接宾语。
三、注意事项在构建主谓宾结构的句子时,需要注意以下几点:主语和谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致。
宾语通常需要与谓语动词在逻辑上保持一致,即宾语通常是动词行为的直接承受者。
在实际运用中,主谓宾结构可以与其他句子成分(如状语、定语等)结合,形成更复杂但逻辑清晰的句子。
四.例句基本形式:主语+ 谓语+ 宾语She writes a letter.(她写一封信。
高考英语复习句子分类之简单句,并列句和复合句知识点
英语句子结构分类英语句子结构分类:简单句,并列句和复合句的概念及区别1.简单句:无论句子长短,只包含一套主谓结构,句子中个个成分都是单词或短语。
有时主语或谓语可以是并列结构。
请划出下面句子的主谓宾成分。
The accident happened yesterday afternoonOur English teacher is thirty years old.He put the dictionary in the backpack.Grandma told me an interesting story last night.She kept the door open.My classmates and friends all received my Christmas cards and thanked me very much.2.并列句: 由并列连词and/but/or/so/however/for等把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来。
如:Come here and I’ll help you. 请划出两个分句并判断各分句的成分。
并列连词:一、表转折的并列连词主要有but(但是), yet(可是), while(而,却)等二、表选择的并列连词主要or (或者,还是,否则), either, or (不是、就是), neither, or,(既不、也不) otherwise (要不然)等。
三、表联合的并列连词主要有and, not only, but also,(不但,而且), when(=and just at this time 就在这时)等。
四、表因果的并列连词主要有for(因为), so(因此)等。
并列句例句:1. This is the custom of China. They are not like us to finish it in one drink, _____but_____prefer to drink by taking a small amount at a time.2. My mother wants to decorate our rooms in a modem look__while_____my father prefers a traditional style.3. It was time for her to have a new baby, ___and____it was also time for the young panda to independent.4. He is a shy man,__but/yet_______he is not afraid of anything or anyone. 解析:But/yet转折连词。
高三英语语法知识点归纳2024
高三英语语法知识点归纳2024引言随着高考的临近,英语语法的掌握对于高三学生来说至关重要。
本文旨在归纳和总结高三英语语法的核心知识点,帮助学生系统复习,提高英语语法运用能力。
第一部分:词法1. 名词可数名词与不可数名词名词的数名词的所有格2. 代词人称代词物主代词反身代词指示代词不定代词3. 形容词和副词形容词的位置和用法副词的分类和用法形容词和副词的比较级与最高级4. 动词动词的时态现在简单时过去简单时将来简单时现在进行时过去进行时将来进行时现在完成时过去完成时将来完成时动词的语态被动语态的构成和用法动词的非谓语形式动名词不定式分词5. 介词介词的分类介词的固定搭配介词短语的用法6. 连词并列连词从属连词连词的用法和区别7. 冠词不定冠词定冠词零冠词的使用情况第二部分:句法1. 句子成分主语谓语宾语表语定语状语2. 句子种类陈述句疑问句祈使句感叹句3. 句子结构简单句并列句复合句名词性从句定语从句状语从句4. 直接引语和间接引语直接引语的用法间接引语的转换5. 虚拟语气虚拟语气的构成虚拟语气的用法第三部分:特殊句式1. 强调句强调句的构成强调句的用法2. 倒装句完全倒装部分倒装3. 省略句省略的规则省略的用法第四部分:写作中的语法应用1. 语法在写作中的重要性2. 常见错误分析3. 提高写作语法准确性的策略结语语法是英语学习的基石,掌握好语法规则对于提高英语水平至关重要。
希望本文能够帮助高三学生在语法学习上取得突破,为高考英语科目的成功打下坚实的基础。
高考英语语法句子类型及句子成分基础知识点
高考英语语法基础---句子种类分类一.句子种类(按照用途分类)1.陈述句2.祈使句3.感叹句4.疑问句(一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,选择疑问句,反意疑问句。
)具体知识:1.陈述句陈述句(Declarative Sentence)是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法。
它包括肯定句(The Affirmative Sentence)和否定句(The Negative Sentence)两种。
陈述句在书写时句末用句号,在朗读时用降调。
陈述句的五种基本句型:(1) 主语+连系动词+表语(2) 主语+谓语(不及物动词)(3) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(4) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语(5) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honesty.2. 祈使句祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。
因此,祈使句中一般没有主语,但根据其句意,实际上是省略了主语you。
祈使句句末用感叹号或句号,朗读时,常用降调。
在表达请求或劝告时,在祈使句前或句末可加上please,以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。
祈使句一般没有时态的变化,也不能与情态动词连用。
Keep off the grass! 勿踩踏草地!Always keep in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.3. 感叹句感叹句的基本构成形式1).What(+a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!2).How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!3).How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!You can't imagine how crucial a role the pigeons played in the battlefields.你无法想象在过去的战场山鸽子发挥了多么重要的作用。
高考英语必考语法知识点归纳总结
高考英语必考语法知识点归纳总结在高考英语考试中,语法是一个非常重要且必考的内容。
掌握语法知识点不仅可以帮助我们正确理解句子的含义,还可以帮助我们准确地表达自己的意思。
下面将对高考英语必考的语法知识点进行归纳总结。
一、动词及时态1.动词的基本用法:- 动词的基本形式用于表达一般情况;- 动词的过去式用于表示过去发生的动作或状态;- 动词的现在分词形式可用作形容词或进行时态的谓语;- 动词的过去分词形式可用作被动语态的谓语。
2.动词的时态:- 一般现在时:表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态;- 现在进行时:表示正在进行的动作;- 一般过去时:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态;- 过去进行时:表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作;- 将来时:表示将来发生的动作或状态。
3.动词的语态:- 主动语态:表示主语进行或完成动作;- 被动语态:表示主语接受动作。
二、代词1.人称代词:- 主格代词用作主语;- 宾格代词用作宾语或介词的宾语;- 形容词性物主代词用于修饰名词;- 名词性物主代词在句中充当名词的作用;- 反身代词表示动作的主体同时也是动作的承受者。
2.指示代词:- 指示代词可用于指示距离的远近或在句中代替特定的事物。
3.不定代词:- 不定代词用于代替不确定或泛指的人或事物。
三、形容词和副词1.形容词:- 形容词修饰名词,用于描述或限定名词。
2.副词:- 副词修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,用于描述或限定动作的方式、程度等。
四、句型和从句1.简单句:- 简单句由主语和谓语构成,能够独立表达一个完整的意思。
2.并列句:- 并列句由两个或多个独立的分句组成,各分句之间用连词连接。
3.复合句:- 复合句包括一个主句和一个或多个从句。
4.定语从句:- 定语从句用来修饰一个名词或代词,并且不能独立成句。
5.名词性从句:- 名词性从句可以在句子中充当主语、宾语或表语。
五、形式和语气1.直接引语和间接引语:- 直接引语是原话的直接陈述或引述;- 间接引语是对原话的复述或改写。
高考英语语法知识点总结
高考英语语法知识点总结一、名词1. 可数名词与不可数名词- 可数名词有单数和复数形式,如:apple/apples, dog/dogs - 不可数名词通常没有复数形式,如:water, information2. 名词的所有格- 表示所有关系,如:Tom's book, the city's park3. 专有名词- 指特定的人、地方、机构等,如:Beijing, United Nations二、代词1. 人称代词- 主格:I, you, he, she, it, we, they- 宾格:me, you, him, her, it, us, them2. 物主代词- 形容词性物主代词:my, your, his, her, its, our, their - 名词性物主代词:mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs3. 反身代词- myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves4. 指示代词- this, that, these, those5. 不定代词- some, any, all, both, each, every, either, neither, one, none, many, much, few, little三、形容词和副词1. 形容词的比较级和最高级- 规则变化:fast/faster/fastest, beautiful/morebeautiful/most beautiful- 不规则变化:good/better/best, bad/worse/worst2. 副词的比较级和最高级- 通常在副词后加-ly:quickly/more quickly/most quickly- 不规则变化:well/better/best, badly/worse/worst3. 形容词和副词的位置- 形容词通常放在名词前:a beautiful flower- 副词通常放在动词后或句尾:She sings well.四、动词时态1. 一般现在时- 表示经常发生的动作或状态:I study English every day.2. 一般过去时- 表示过去发生的动作或状态:He went to the library yesterday.3. 一般将来时- 表示将来发生的动作或状态:They will travel to Japan next month.4. 现在进行时- 表示正在进行的动作:She is reading a book right now.5. 过去进行时- 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作:He was watching TV at 9 p.m. last night.6. 将来进行时- 表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作:I will be working atthis time tomorrow.7. 现在完成时- 表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响或结果:I have finished my homework.8. 过去完成时- 表示过去某一动作在另一过去动作之前已经完成:He had left before I arrived.9. 将来完成时- 表示将来某一时间点前将完成的动作:By next year, I will have learned English for ten years.五、被动语态1. 一般现在时的被动语态- The book is written by the author.2. 一般过去时的被动语态- The letter was sent by him.3. 一般将来时的被动语态- The project will be completed by next month.4. 现在进行时的被动语态- The house is being built by the workers.5. 过去进行时的被动语态- The car was being repaired by the mechanic.6. 现在完成时的被动语态- The work has been done by the team.7. 过去完成时的被动语态- The homework had been finished by the students.六、非谓语动词1. 动名词- 作为名词使用,表示动作:Swimming is my favorite sport.2. 分词- 现在分词:用作形容词或状语,表示正在进行的动作:The running boy is my friend.- 过去分词:用作形容词或状语,表示被动或完成的动作:The broken window needs to be fixed.3. 不定式- 用作名词、形容词、副词或状语,表示动作的目的、原因、结果等:To learn a language well takes time.七、句子结构1. 简单句- 只有一个主谓结构:She goes to school.2. 并列句- 由两个或多个简单句通过并列连词连接:She goes to school, and。
英语高考必背语法知识点及答题技巧
英语高考必背语法知识点及答题技巧英语高考必背语法知识点(1)表语从句1. 定义:用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。
2. 构成:关联词+简单句3. 引导表语从句的关联词的种类:(1) 从属连词that。
如:The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。
(2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。
如:He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。
The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。
注:从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句,但as if却可引导表语从句,如:All this was over twenty years ago, but its as if it was only yesterday.这都是20多年前的事了,但宛如昨天一样。
能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。
如:It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。
(3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever连接副词 where, when, how, why。
如:The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。
That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
解释:1. 连词because可引导表语从句。
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解11---简单句和并列句(解析版)
二、主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语
I plan to find a part-time job in a foreign capital
宾语可以由名词、代词、动名词、不定式等 company.
来充当。
三.主语+系动词+表语
This is surely a good chance for more people to see
单 句 中
基本否定:用 等 2.
hardly, seldom, little, few,
含否定意义的词,修饰动词或名词,否定谓
语或主语宾语。如:
6. 句中虽有带否定前缀或后缀的词,但却不视为否 定句,其反意问句的附加问句用否定形式。如:
的 The old man can hardly read.
You are unwelcome, aren't you?
very popular among us students.
.表语多为形容词,也可以是名词、介词短 简 2
I have to prove myself as a respectable, balanced
单 语、不定式及分词等。
person. Many questions about the crime remain unanswered.
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解 专题十一 简单句和并列句
考点一.简单句的易错点
简单句就是由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语 (或并列谓语) 构成的句子。
一、主语+谓语(不及物动词)
What’s worse, I don’t communicate well in my family.
And I can play outside too!
高考英语新语法之简单句知识点单元汇编及答案解析
高考英语新语法之简单句知识点单元汇编及答案解析一、选择题1.It’s my son’s wedding next week, and I have to do my best for that,____________? A.haven’t I B.don’t I C.don’t he D.isn’t it2.---The girl hardly holds on to her dream, _______?---_______. I’m sure her dream will come true soon.A.doesn’t she; No, she doesn’t B.isn’t she; Yes, she isC.does she; Yes, she does D.does she; No, she doesn’t3._____ the plant once a week if you are to get fruit in the autumn.A.Watered B.Watering C.To water D.Water4.Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday, ________ she? A.had B.didC.hadn't D.didn't5.I don’t think he is right, ______?A.is he B.isn’t heC.do I D.don’t he6.___our earth, or else it will be no longer for us to live on.A.Protected B.To protectC.protecting D.Protect7.______me tomorrow and I’ll let you know the lab result.A.Calling B.Call C.To call D.Having called 8._____ do you think is happening there?A.How B.WhatC.When D.Which9.I suppose that you were late this morning, ________?A.am not I B.wasn’t IC.weren’t you D.aren’t you10.No one left here yesterday,________?A.didn’t they B.did they C.didn’t one D.did one 11.I feel like going to the cinema tonight,________?A.don’t I B.don’t you C.do I D.do you 12.—I telephoned him twice and I couldn’t get through to him.—The line might have been out of order, _________?A.don’t you B.do youC.wasn’t it D.hadn’t it13.They must have stayed at home last night,________?A.mustn’t they B.haven’t they C.didn’t they D.must they 14.— He seldom shows his family around his company, _________?— ________. And he also talks with them about the production frequently.A.doesn't he, Yes, he does B.does he, No, he doesn'tC.doesn't he , Yes ,he doesn't D.does he, Yes ,he does15.She is unfit for the position,________?A.is she B.isn’t she C.doesn’t she D.does she 16.—You must have known each other for ages ________?—No. I got to know him just yesterday.A.mustn’t you B.didn’t you C.don’t you D.haven’t you17.I thought that they were unhappy at the party when they got nothing to eat, ______? A.didn’t I B.do I C.were they D.weren’t they 18.______ onto the top of Mount Tai, and you’ll see a beautiful landscape---a sea of clouds. A.Climbing B.To climb C.Climb D.If you climb 19.Oh, it’s so hot in here . Somebody ______ the window, please.A.opens B.open C.shall open D.will open20.____ it with me, and I’ll see what I can do.A.When left B.Leaving C.If you leave D.Leave21.Let’s go out for lunch, _____ we?A.will B.should C.shall D.would 22.—Must I hand in the homework right now?—‘That’s the rule. ____________A.Yes,you can.B.No,you can’t.C.Yes,you must.D.No,you mustn’t.23._______ do you think will get the first prize in the English Competition?A.who B.whom C.whose D.whoever24.______ on time, or you’ll be fired.A.Arriving B.If you arrive C.Arrive D.To arrive 25.There’s not much news in today’s newspaper,________?A.isn’t it B.is it C.isn’t there D.is there【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.B解析:B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查反意疑问句。
高考英语语法专题复习十三 简单句并列句及附加疑问句
语法专题十三简单句、并列句及附加疑问句一.简单句按照句子中动词的语法功能, 英语句子可归纳为五种基本句型, 各种各样的句子都可以看成是这五种句型的扩展. 学习, 掌握这五种基本句型, 对于认识英语句子的基本结构, 提高连词造句, 阅读理解和书面表达的能力将会有很大的帮助.五种基本句型:第一种: 主语+谓语第二种: 主语+谓语+宾语第三种: 主语+谓语+表语第四种: 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语第五种: 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)在这个句型中的动词是不及物的行为动词, 不能带宾语. 这种动词表示主语的行为动作, 意义基本完整, 所以不再需要宾语. 不及物动词没有被动语态形式. 在这个句型中, 谓语后面有时不再附加任何成分, 而大多数情况下有状语性质的修饰语. 这种修饰语可以由副词, 介词短语, 不定式短语, 分词短语以及从句等来担任. 例如:Tom is writing. (Little Tom is writing at the desk now.)He stopped. (He stopped to have a look.)The boy stood there, begging. (The boy whose parents died stood there, begging.)2.主语+谓语+宾语本句型中的及物动词同样也为行为动词, 表明一个具体实在的动作, 但其本身所表示的意义并不完整, 需要有一个宾语, 才能表达一个完整的概念. 例如:We have a TV set.You may use my pen. I will use hers.He doesn’t like the first. He likes the third.3.主语+系动词+表语在本句型中, 由系动词及表语构成表性状的复合谓语, 说明主语的身份, 特征, 性质, 状态等. 英语中除了最常见的系动词be以外, 还有表示感官的连系动词look, feel, sound, taste, smell等; 表示变化的连系动词get, turn, become, grow, fall, come等; 表示状态的连系动词keep, remain, stay, continue, seem等. 例如:Rose is an English boy.The boy looks like his father.4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语有些动词后面, 可以有两个宾语, 这个宾语一个指人, 一个指物, 指人的叫间接宾语, 表示动作的方向和目标; 指物的叫直接宾语, 表示动作的承受者, 间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前. 例如:She brought me some fruit.Can you do us a favour?这两个句子中的间接宾语都可以变成介词短语放在直接宾语后面. 例如:She brought some fruit to me.Can you do a favour for me?5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语宾语和补足语之间的关系是逻辑上的主谓关系, 即宾语是宾语补足语的逻辑主语。
高三英语语法知识点:简单句和并列句
高三英语语法知识点:简单句和并列句高中频道收集和整理了大量的高三英语语法知识点:简单句和并列句,以便考生在高考备考过程中更好的梳理知识,轻松备战。
一、简单句由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)所构成的句子叫简单句,其结构是主语+ 谓语。
1. 主语、谓语在人称与数上的一致性。
?and连接两个并列主语时为复数,谓语动词也相应地使用复数形式,但:(1) 如果and连接的两个名词是不可数名词且前面都没有冠词,若两个词表示一个事物或一个概念,谓语动词要用单数;如果两个词表示的是两个事物或两个概念,谓语动词则要用复数。
?(2) 如果and连接的是两个可数单数名词,前一个有冠词,后一个没有冠词,意味着一个人或事物,谓语动词要用单数。
(3) 当and连接的两个名词前都有each,every,many a,no等单数概念的限定词修饰时(第二个名词前的修饰词有时可以省略),谓语动词要用单数。
2. 陈述句与疑问句的转换。
3. 选择疑问句。
?4. 反意疑问句。
?(1) 陈述句+省略问句?(2) 祈使句+附加疑问句?(3) 反意疑问句的回答二、并列句由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句(即简单句)连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。
其结构是:简单句+并列连词+简单句常用的连词有and,but,or not only...butalso,neither...nor,either...or并列句分为:联合并列句,转折并列句,选择并列句和因果并列句1. 联合并列句常由并列词and, not onlybut also...等连接如: Use your hand, and youll find a way.2. 转折并列句常由并列连词but, while, yet, whereas, nevertheless等连接如:I would love to have gone to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.3. 选择疑问句常由并列连词or, otherwise,eitheror,等连接如:Either you leave this house or Ill call the police4. 因果并列句由并列连词so, for, therefore 等连接.如: it was late, so we went home.5. 在”祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中,当前后两部分间为承接关系时,用and;前后意思为相反关系时,用or.可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件状语从句,但必须将and 或or 去掉.如: Hurry up, and well be there in time.= If we hurry up, well be there in time.6. because和so; although, though和but 不能连用.。
高中英语语法大全知识点
高中英语语法大全知识点读书能获得知识;但更有用的知识对世界的认识却只能通过研究各种各样的人才能获得。
下面小编给大家分享一些高中英语语法大全知识,希望能够帮助大家,欢迎阅读!高中英语语法大全1简单句、并列句、复合句1. 简单句句型:主语+谓语只包含一个主谓结构,而句子的各个结构都只由单词或短语表示。
2. 并列句句型:简单句+并列连词(或连接副词)+简单句由两个或两个以上的简单句并列连接起来的句子叫并列句。
并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要,相互之间没有从属关系,是平行并列的关系。
它们之间用连词连结。
1、联合关系:常用的连词有and, not only…but(also), neither…nor等。
Eg. Tom doesn’t smoke, nor does his brother.2、转折关系常用的连词有but, yet, still, however, while(而,然而),when(那时,然后)等。
Eg. He got up very early, (and) yet he failed to catch the morning train.We played outside till sunset, when it began to rain.She is tired, (but) still she will make another test.yet 和still是连接副词,又叫半连接句。
however(然而,不过,但是)意义接近yet,可放在句首、句末或插入句子中间。
3、选择关系:常用的连词有or(或者,还是,否则),otherwise, or else,either…or等。
Eg. Hurry up, or we’ll be late for school.4、因果关系连词有:for, so, thus, therefore, and so 等。
Eg. He studied hard, thus he succeeded in passing the exam.The Frenchman coughed loudly, so he decided to go and get some medicine for it.for 表示附加或推断的理由、原因。
简单句的结构讲解
简单句的结构(讲解)知识卡片:简单句的结构知识点综述句子结构(特别是简单句结构)是英语学习,特别是高中以上程度的英语学习的基础所在。
不理解句子的结构、规则和分析方法,就无法读懂英语,更不必说对复杂语法的深入理解。
因此,句子结构虽然并不是高考英语的考点,但却是整个高中学习的基础所在。
句子成分略举句子的组成成分叫句子成分。
在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系和功能,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。
句子成分由词或词组充当。
在英语里,句子的组成成分有:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、补语、状语、表语七种。
主语:动作发出者谓语:主语发出的动作宾语:动作的承受者补语:补充说明宾语表语:补充说明主语定语:修饰或限定句中的名词(或代词)状语:说明句子发生的条件或状况,如时间状况、地点状况、条件状况、原因状况、结果状况、方式状况、目的状况、程度状况、比较状况和伴随状况。
三种英语句子从根本上说,英语世界只有3种基本英语句子结构,其他复杂的句子,都是在这3种句子结构之上演变而来。
核心结构一:谓语结构谓语结构的核心意义,在于表达“谁,做了什么”。
(与之相对应的是系表结构,表达“谁,怎么样”)●子结构01:主谓(状)结构这类句子的特点是,句子的谓语动词可以表达完整的含义,不需要为谓语动词补充一个宾语(即动作的承受者)。
这样的情况下,就构成了主谓结构。
如:All rise. 全体起立。
I do. 我愿意。
有的时候,一个主谓结构的句子往往在表达意思上很残缺,故而习惯上常常要加入状语,让句子更完整。
这样的句子结构,称为“主谓状”结构。
但在本质上,主谓状结构仍然属于主谓结构。
例如:He runs fast. 他跑得很快。
在该句子中,如果只说明He runs. 则句意残缺不全,若是加上fast作方式状语,则句意完整充实。
●子结构02:主谓宾结构这类句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语(即动作的承受者),才能使意思完整。
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高考英语语法之简单句知识点知识点(2)一、选择题1.The shocking news made me realize ________ terrible problems we would face.A.what B.howC.that D.why2.Just as Oprah Winfrey puts it, _____thankful for what you have and you’ll end up having more. A.be B.beingC.to be D.having been3.There is little doubt in your mind that he does well in English, ________?A.is there B.isn’t thereC.does he D.doesn’t he4.—It’s the first time that you’ve been here, ?—Yes. So beautiful a town! I love it!A.hasn’t it B.haven’t youC.aren’t you D.isn’t it5.Lucy, finish your homework first, _____? And then let’s go out for a walk, _____?A.will you; will you B.does she; shall weC.will you; shall we D.won’t you; shan’t we6.-- Could I speak to Mr Smith, please?---______. I’ll go and ask him to answer the callA.Please hang on B.Please ring offC.Please hang up D.speaking7.---John could hardly play the violin when we knew him, ________ he?---No, but he plays it well now.A.couldn’t B.didn’t C.could D.did8.---He is unlike his father who drinks a lot, _______?---Yes. He never drinks.A.is he B.doesn’t heC.does he D.isn’t he9.Give me a chance, ______ I’ll give you a wonderful surprise.A.or B.if C.and D.while10.______ what you’re doing today important, because you’re trading a day of your lifefor itA.Make B.To makeC.Making D.Made11._____useful information it is!A.How B.WhatC.What a D.How a12.I don't believe you can do today's job with yesterday's methods and be in tomorrow's business,________?A.do I B.don't IC.can you D.can't you13.Some famous persons appear in ads to tell ____.A.how a product is wonderful B.how is wonderful a productC.how wonderful is a product D.how wonderful a product is14.a strange plant! I've never seen it before.A.Which B.What C.How D.Whether15.________ yourself until the plane has come to a complete stop.A.Sit B.SeatC.Sitting D.Stand16.—Look at my new dress.—Wow! ____________ beautiful it is!A.How B.How a C.What D.What a17.I feel like going to the cinema tonight,________?A.don’t I B.don’t you C.do I D.do you18.They need our help badly at the moment,________?A.needn’t they B.need they C.don’t they D.do they19.Birds rarely build nests in our garden,________?A.don’t they B.do they C.didn’t they D.did they20.It’s my son’s wedding next week, and I have to do my best for that,____________? A.haven’t I B.don’t I C.don’t he D.isn’t it21.His wife had the carpets and the curtains cleaned,________?A.hadn’t she B.had she C.didn’t she D.did she22.hings as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life.A.Take B.To take C.Taking D.Taken23.I thought that they were unhappy at the party when they got nothing to eat, ______? A.didn’t I B.do I C.were they D.weren’t they 24.On the whole, frequently ______ in a wide variety of activities and older adults are less likely to feel depressed.A.participate B.to participate C.participating D.participated 25.You had one of your teeth pulled out, ________?A.had you B.hadn’t youC.did you D.didn’t you【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.A解析:A句意:这一惊人的消息让我意识到我们会面临多么可怕的问题。
本题考查感叹句作宾语从句。
感叹句中what所修饰的中心词是名词,how所修饰的中心词是形容词或副词。
此题中空格处后面部分的中心词是名词problems,所以选A项。
2.A解析:A【解析】试题分析:考查be动词的形式。
名人名言、谚语等句子中,连系动词通常用一般现在时的主动语态表示,即动词原形,故填be, be thankful for表示对...心怀感激。
句意:就如奥普拉·温弗瑞所说,对你所拥有的事物心存感激,否则你将会无法得到更多,故选A。
考点:考查be动词的形式3.A解析:A【解析】考查反意问句。
主从句的反意问句,反问时,应和主句的主语保持一致。
这句话和There is little doubt一致,little“几乎没有”是否定词,遵循前否后肯的原则,反意问句用is there?你几乎不怀疑他擅长英语,是吗?选C。
【名师点睛】主从句的反意问句,反问时,应和主句的主语保持一致。
但当主句是I think,I suppose,I believe,I imagine等时,反意问句是和从句决定。
如果是否定前移,反意问句是肯定。
I don't think he is from England,is he?4.D解析:D【解析】考查反意疑问句。
上句:这是你第一次来这里,难道不是吗?下句:是的,多么美丽的城镇,我爱它。
此处是反意疑问句的考查。
前半句是肯定形式,则后半句用否定形式,it是句子的主语,故答案为D。
5.C解析:C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查反意疑问句。
句意:露西,先做完作业,好吗?然后我们出去散步,好吗?本句考查反意疑问句。
第一句为祈使句,祈使句的反意疑问句的附加成分为will you? Let us 开头的用will you?但是当祈使句为Let’s...开头时,反意问句的附加成分为shall we? 因此,第二句的反意疑问句的附加成分要用shall we?因此选C项。
6.A解析:A【解析】【分析】考查交际用语。
句意:-----我可以和史密斯先生讲话吗?------请稍等,我让他来接电话。
A. Please hang on 请稍等; B. Please ring off 请挂断电话; C. Please hang up 请挂机; D. speaking 说。
打电话常用交际用语,当对方找的是他人时,要礼貌的让对方稍等,四个选项中,B、C不合语境,而D项太过生硬,故选A。
7.C解析:C【解析】【分析】考查反意疑问句【详解】句意:---在我们认识约翰时他几乎不会拉小提琴,是吧?--是的,但是他现在演奏的非常好。
反意疑问句前否后肯,hardly属于否定词,后面要用肯定形式,前面的could提示后面也用could,故选C。
【点睛】当反意疑问句中含有否定意义的词(1)当陈述部分有never,seldom, hardly,few,little,barely, scarcely, nothing,none,rarely ,no, not, no one, nobody, neither等否定意义的词汇时,后面的反意疑问句则为肯定形式:There're few apples in the basket, are there?He can hardly swim, can he?They seldom come late, do they?(2)当陈述部分含有否定意思的词是unhappy,dislike,unfriendly,等含有否定词缀的派生词,也就是有un,dis-前缀、-less后缀等含词缀而意思否定的词,当肯定句处理,疑问部分用否定形式。