新视野大学英语第四册课文翻译.doc

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新视野大学英语第四册课文原文加翻译

1A An artist who seeks fame is like a dog chasing his own tail who, when he captures it, does not know what else to do but to continue chasing it.The cruelty of success is that it often leads those who seek such success to participate in their own destruction."Don't quit your day job!" is advice frequently given by understandably pessimistic family members and friends to a budding artist who is trying hard to succeed.The conquest of fame is difficult at best, and many end up emotionally if not financially bankrupt.Still, impure motives such as the desire for worshipping fans and praise from peers may spur the artist on.The lure of drowning in fame's imperial glory is not easily resisted.Those who gain fame most often gain it as a result of exploiting their talent for singing, dancing, painting, or writing, etc.They develop a style that agents market aggressively to hasten popularity, and their ride on the express elevator to the top is a blur.Most would be hard-pressed to tell you how they even got there.Artists cannot remain idle, though.When the performer, painter or writer becomes bored, their work begins to show a lack of continuity in its appeal and it becomes difficult to sustain the attention of the public.After their enthusiasm has dissolved, the public simply moves on to the next flavor of the month.Artists who do attempt to remain current by making even minute changes to their style of writing, dancing or singing, run a significant risk of losing the audience's favor.The public simply discounts styles other than those for which the artist has become famous.Famous authors' styles—a Tennessee Williams play or a plot by Ernest Hemingway or a poem by Robert Frost or T.S. Eliot—are easily recognizable.The same is true of painters like Monet, Renoir, or Dali and moviemakers like Hitchcock, Fellini, Spielberg, Chen Kaige or Zhang Yimou. Their distinct styles marked a significant change in form from others and gained them fame and fortune.However, they paid for it by giving up the freedom to express themselves with other styles or forms.Fame's spotlight can be hotter than a tropical jungle—a fraud is quickly exposed, and the pressure of so much attention is too much for most to endure.It takes you out of yourself: You must be what the public thinks you are, not what you really are or could be.The performer, like the politician, must often please his or her audiences by saying things he or she does not mean or fully believe.One drop of fame will likely contaminate the entire well of a man's soul, and so an artist who remains true to himself or herself is particularly amazing.You would be hard-pressed to underline many names of those who have not compromised and still succeeded in the fame game.An example, the famous Irish writer Oscar Wilde, known for his uncompromising behavior, both social and sexual, to which the public objected, paid heavily for remaining true to himself.The mother of a young man Oscar was intimate with accused him at a banquet in front of his friends and fans of sexually influencing her son. Extremely angered by her remarks, he sued the young man's mother, asserting that she had damaged his "good" name.He should have hired a better attorney, though.The judge did not second Wilde's call to have the woman pay for damaging his name, and instead fined Wilde.He ended up in jail after refusing to pay, and even worse, was permanently expelled from the wider circle of public favor.When things were at their worst, he found that no one was willing to risk his or her name in his defense.His price for remaining true to himself was to be left alone when he needed his fans the most.Curiously enough, it is those who fail that reap the greatest reward: freedom!They enjoy the freedom to express themselves in unique and original ways without fear of losing the support of fans.Failed artists may find comfort in knowing that many great artists never found fame until well after they had passed away or in knowing thatthey did not sell out.They may justify their failure by convincing themselves their genius is too sophisticated for contemporary audiences.Single-minded artists who continue their quest for fame even after failure might also like to know that failure has motivated some famous people to work even harder to succeed.Thomas Wolfe, the American novelist, had his first novel Look Homeward, Angel rejected 39 times before it was finally published. Beethoven overcame his father, who did not believe that he had any potential as a musician, to become the greatest musician in the world. And Pestalozzi, the famous Swiss educator in the 19th century, failed at every job he ever had until he came upon the idea of teaching children and developing the fundamental theories to produce a new form of education.Thomas Edison was thrown out of school in the fourth grade, because he seemed to his teacher to be quite dull.Unfortunately for most people, however, failure is the end of their struggle, not the beginning.I say to those who desperately seek fame and fortune: good luck.But alas, you may find that it was not what you wanted.The dog who catches his tail discovers that it is only a tail.The person who achieves success often discovers that it does more harm than good.So instead of trying so hard to achieve success, try to be happy with who you are and what you do.Try to do work that you can be proud of.Maybe you won't be famous in your own lifetime, but you may create better art.1B One summer day my father sent me to buy some wire and fencing to put around our barn to pen up the bull.At 16, I liked nothing better than getting behind the wheel of our truck and driving into town on the old mill road.Water from the mill's wheel sprayed in the sunshine making a rainbow over the canal and I often stopped there on my way to bathe and cool off for a spell—natural air conditioning.The sun was so hot, I did not need a towel as I was dry by the time I climbed the clay banks and crossed the road ditch to the truck.Just before town, the road shot along the sea where I would collect seashells or gather seaweed beneath the giant crane unloading the ships. This trip was different, though.My father had told me I'd have to ask for credit at the store.It was 1976, and the ugly shadow of racism was still a fact of life.I'd seen my friends ask for credit and then stand, head down, while a storeowner enquired into whether they were "good for it".Many store clerks watched black youths with the assumption that they were thieves every time they even went into a grocery.My family was honest.We paid our debts.But just before harvest, all the money flowed out.There were no new deposits at the bank.Cash was short.At Davis Brothers' General Store, Buck Davis stood behind the register, talking to a middle-aged farmer.Buck was a tall, weathered man in a red hunting shirt and I nodded as I passed him on my way to the hardware section to get a container of nails, a coil of binding wire and fencing.I pulled my purchases up to the counter and placed the nails in the tray of the scale, saying carefully, "I need to put this on credit."My brow was moist with nervous sweat and I wiped it away with the back of my arm.The farmer gave me an amused, cynical look, but Buck's face didn't change."Sure," he said easily, reaching for his booklet where he kept records for credit.I gave a sigh of relief."Your daddy is always good for it."He turned to the farmer."This here is one of James Williams' sons.They broke the mold when they made that man."The farmer nodded in a neighborly way.I was filled with pride."James Williams' son."Those three words had opened a door to an adult's respect and trust.As I heaved the heavy freight into the bed of the truck, I did so with ease, feeling like a stronger man than the one that left the farm that morning.I had discovered that a good name could furnish a capital of good will of great value.Everyone knew what to expect from a Williams: a decent person who kept his word and respected himself too much to do wrong.My great grandfather may have been sold as a slave at auction, but this was not an excuse to do wrong to others.Instead my father believed the only way to honor him was through hard work and respect for all men.We children—eight brothers and two sisters—could enjoy our good name, unearned, unless and until we did something to lose it.We had an interest in how one another behaved and our own actions as well, lest we destroy the name my father had created.Our good name was and still is the glue that holds our family tight together.The desire to honor my father's good name spurred me to become the first in our family to go to university.I worked my way through college as a porter at a four-star hotel. Eventually, that good name provided the initiative to start my own successful public relations firm in Washington, D.C.America needs to restore a sense of shame in its neighborhoods.Doing drugs, spending all your money at the liquor store, stealing, or getting a young woman pregnant with no intent to marry her should induce a deep sense of embarrassment.But it doesn't.Nearly one out of three births in America is to a single mother. Many of these children will grow up without the security and guidance they need to become honorable members of society.Once the social ties and mutual obligations of the family melt away, communities fall apart.While the population has increased only 40 percent since 1960, violent crime in America has increased a staggering 550 percent—and we've become exceedingly used to it. Teen drug use has also risen.In one North Carolina County, police arrested 73 students from 12 secondary schools for dealing drugs, some of them right in the classroom.Meanwhile, the small signs of civility and respect that hold up civilization are vanishing from schools, stores and streets.Phrases like "yes, ma'am", "no, sir", "thank you" and "please" get a yawn from kids today who are encouraged instead by cursing on television and in music.They simply shrug off the rewards of a good name.The good name passed on by my father and maintained to this day by my brothers and sisters and me is worth as much now as ever.Even today, when I stop into Buck Davis' shop or my hometown <49>barbershop</49> for a haircut, I am still greeted as James Williams' son.My family's good name did <50>pave</50> the way for me.2A He was born in a poor area of South London.He wore his mother's old red stockings cut down for ankle socks.His mother was temporarily declared mad.Dickens might have created Charlie Chaplin's childhood.But only Charlie Chaplin could have created the great comic character of "the Tramp", the little man in rags who gave his creator permanent fame.Other countries—France, Italy, Spain, even Japan—have provided more applause (and profit) where Chaplin is concerned than the land of his birth.Chaplin quit Britain for good in 1913 when he journeyed to America with a group of performers to do his comedy act on the stage, where talent scouts recruited him to work for Mack Sennett, the king of Hollywood comedy films.Sad to say, many English people in the 1920s and 1930s thought Chaplin's Tramp a bit, well, "crude".Certainly middle-class audiences did; the working-class audiences were more likely to clap for a character who revolted against authority, using his wicked little cane to trip it up, or aiming the heel of his boot for a well-placed kick at its broad rear.All the same, Chaplin's comic beggar didn't seem all that English or even working-class.English tramps didn't sport tiny moustaches, huge pants or tail coats: European leaders and Italian waiters wore things like that.Then again, the Tramp's quick eye for a pretty girl had a coarse way about it that was considered, well, not quite nice by English audiences—that's how foreigners behaved, wasn't it?But for over half of his screen career, Chaplin had no screen voice to confirm his British nationality.Indeed, it was a headache for Chaplin when he could no longer resist the talking movies and had to find "the right voice" for his Tramp.He postponed that day as long as possible: In Modern Times in 1936, the first film in which he was heard as a singing waiter, he made up a nonsense language which sounded like no known nationality.He later said he imagined the Tramp to be a college-educated gentleman who'd come down in the world.But if he'd been able to speak with an educated accent in those early short comedies, it's doubtful if he would have achieved world fame. And the English would have been sure to find it "odd". No one was certain whether Chaplin did it on purpose but this helped to bring about his huge success.He was an immensely talented man, determined to a degree unusual even in the ranks of Hollywood stars.His huge fame gave him the freedom—and, more importantly, the money—to be his own master.He already had the urge to explore and extend a talent he discovered in himself as he went along."It can't be me. Is that possible? How extraordinary," is how he greeted the first sight of himself as the Tramp on the screen.But that shock roused his imagination.Chaplin didn't have his jokes written into a script in advance; he was the kind of comic who used his physical senses to invent his art as he went along.Lifeless objects especially helped Chaplin make "contact" with himself as an artist.He turned them into other kinds of objects.Thus, a broken alarm clock in the movie The Pawnbroker became a "sick" patient undergoing surgery; boots were boiled in his film The Gold Rush and their soles eaten with salt and pepper like prime cuts of fish (the nails being removed like fish bones).This physical transformation, plus the skill with which he executed it again and again, is surely the secret of Chaplin's great comedy.He also had a deep need to be loved—and a corresponding fear of being betrayed.The two were hard to combine and sometimes—as in his early marriages—the collision between them resulted in disaster.Yet even this painfully-bought self-knowledge found its way into his comic creations.The Tramp never loses his faith in the flower girl who'll be waiting to walk into the sunset with him; while the other side of Chaplin makes Monsieur Verdoux, the French wife killer, into a symbol of hatred for women.It's a relief to know that life eventually gave Charlie Chaplin the stability and happiness it had earlier denied him.In Oona O'Neill Chaplin, he found a partner whose stability and affection spanned the 37 years age difference between them, which hadseemed so threatening, that when the official who was marrying them in 1942 turned to the beautiful girl of 17 who'd given notice of their wedding date, he said, "And where is the young man? "—Chaplin, then 54, had cautiously waited outside.As Oona herself was the child of a large family with its own problems, she was well prepared for the battle that Chaplin's life became as many unfounded rumors surrounded them both—and, later on, she was the center of calm in the quarrels that Chaplin sometimes sparked in his own large family of talented children.Chaplin died on Christmas Day 1977.A few months later, a couple of almost comic body thieves stole his body from the family burial chamber and held it for money.The police recovered it with more efficiency than Mack Sennett's clumsy Keystone Cops would have done, but one can't help feeling Chaplin would have regarded this strange incident as a fitting memorial—his way of having the last laugh on a world to which he had given so many. 2B Modest and soft-spoken, Agatha Muthoni Mbogo, 24, is hardly the image of a revolutionary.Yet, six months ago, she did a most revolutionary thing: She ran for mayor of Embu, Kenya, and won.Ms. Mbogo's victory was even more surprising because she was voted in by her colleagues on the District Council, all men.For the thousands of women in this farming area two hours northeast of Nairobi, Ms. Mbogo suddenly became a symbol of the increasingly powerful political force women have become in Kenya and across Africa.Ms. Mbogo launched her dream of a career in politics in 1992 by running for the Embu Council, facing the obstacles that often trouble African women running for political office.She had little money.She had no political experience.She faced ridiculous questions about her personal life."My opponent kept insisting that I was going to get married to somebody in another town and move away," Ms. Mbogo said.Ms. Mbogo also faced misunderstanding among the town's women, many of whom initially were unwilling to vote for her.She became an ambassador for women's political rights, giving speeches before women's groups and going from door to door, handbag in hand, spending hours at a time giving a combination of speech and government lesson."I was delighted when she won the election, because men elected her," said Lydiah Kimani, an Embu farmer and political activist."It was the answer to my prayers because it seemed to be a victory over this idea that 'women can't lead'."Education of African women has become a top priority for political activists.One organization has held dozens of workshops in rural Kenya to help women understand the nation's constitution and the procedures and theory behind a democratic political system.One veteran female political activist said that many women had not been taught the basics of political participation.They are taught to vote for the one who "gives you a half kilo sack of flour, 200 grams of salt, or a loaf of bread" during the campaign, said the activist.Women politicians and activists say they are fighting deeply-held cultural traditions.Those traditions teach that African women cook, clean, take care of children, sow and harvest crops and support their husbands.They typically do not inherit land, divorce their husband, control their finances or hold political office.Yet, political activity among Kenyan women is not a new phenomenon.During the struggle for independence in the 1950s, Kenyan women often secretly provided troops with weapons and spied on the positions of colonial forces.But after independence, leaders jealous to protect their power shut them out of politics, a situation repeated across the continent.Today, men still have the upper hand.Women in Kenya make up 60 percent of the people who vote, but only 3 percent of the National Assembly.No Kenyan woman has ever held a cabinet post.Against that background, Agatha Mbogo began her political career.After winning her council seat, she declined a spot on the education and social services committee after a colleague called it "a woman's committee".She instead joined the town planning committee, a much more visible assignment.Then last year, she decided to challenge Embu's mayor, a veteran politician.Ms. Mbogo said she had become frustrated because the donor groups that provide substantial aid to Kenya's rural areas "did not want to come here"."We weren't seeing things done for the community," she said."It was a scandal—the donors' money seemed to be going to individuals."After a fierce campaign, the council elected her, 7 to 6.She said women in Embu celebrated.Men were puzzled; some were hostile.They asked, "How could all of those men vote for a woman? " she recalled.Ms. Mbogo has not met with the kinds of abuse that other female politicians have been subjected to, however.Some have said their supporters are sometimes attacked with clubs after rallies.Last June, Kenyan police attempted to break up a women's political meeting northwest of Nairobi, insisting it was illegal and might start a riot.When the 100 women, including a member of the National Assembly, refused to go, officers tore down their banners and beat them with clubs and fists, witnesses reported.In contrast, Ms. Mbogo generally receives warm greetings from the men of Embu, and many say they are now glad the council chose her.Donor groups are now funding projects in Embu in earnest.A new market is going up downtown.A 200-bed section for new mothers is being added to the hospital.A dormitory-style home has been built for the dozens of homeless street children who once wandered the city.Ms. Mbogo is especially proud of the market and the hospital because "they have an impact on women".At the current market, where hundreds of people, shaded by umbrellas, lay out fruits and vegetables, one person who sells lemons said she liked the new mayor."I feel like if I have a problem, I can go to her office," she said."The other mayor shouted. He acted like an emperor. He did not want to hear my problems."Nearby, a man said he found Ms. Mbogo a refreshing change."I'm tired of men," he said, watching over his pile of onions."They give us so many promises, but they don't deliver the goods. As long as she keeps giving us what we want, she is all right."3A A welfare client is supposed to cheat. Everybody expects it.Faced with sharing a dinner of raw pet food with the cat, many people in wheelchairs I know bleed the system for a few extra dollars.They tell the government that they are getting two hundred dollars less than their real pension so they can get a little extra welfare money. Or, they tell the caseworker that the landlord raised the rent by a hundred dollars.I have opted to live a life of complete honesty.So instead, I go out and drum up some business and draw cartoons.I even tell welfare how much I make!Oh, I'm tempted to get paid under the table.But even if I yielded to that temptation, big magazines are not going to get involved in some sticky situation.They keep my records, and that information goes right into the government's computer.Very high-profile.As a welfare client I'm expected to bow before the caseworker.Deep down, caseworkers know that they are being made fools of by many of their clients, and they feel they are entitled to have clients bow to them as compensation. I'm not being bitter.Most caseworkers begin as college-educated liberals with high ideals.But after a few years in a system that practically requires people to lie, they become like the one I shall call "Suzanne", a detective in shorts.Not long after Christmas last year, Suzanne came to inspect my apartment and saw some new posters pasted on the wall."Where'd you get the money for those? " she wanted to know."Friends and family.""Well, you'd better have a receipt for it, by God. You have to report any donations or gifts."This was my cue to beg.Instead, I talked back."I got a cigarette from somebody on the street the other day. Do I have to report that? ""Well, I'm sorry, but I don't make the rules, Mr. Callahan."Suzanne tries to lecture me about repairs to my wheelchair, which is always breaking down because welfare won't spend money maintaining it properly."You know, Mr. Callahan, I've heard that you put a lot more miles on that wheelchair than average."Of course I do.I'm an active worker, not a vegetable.I live near downtown, so I can get around in a wheelchair.I wonder what she'd think if she suddenly broke her hip and had to crawl to work.Government cuts in welfare have resulted in hunger and suffering for a lot of people, not just me.But people with spinal cord injuries felt the cuts in a unique way: The government stopped taking care of our chairs.Each time mine broke down, lost a screw, needed a new roller bearing, the brake wouldn't work, etc., and I called Suzanne, I had to endure a little lecture.Finally, she'd say, "Well, if I can find time today, I'll call the medical worker."She was supposed to notify the medical worker, who would certify that there was a problem.Then the medical worker called the wheelchair repair companies to get the cheapest bid.Then the medical worker alerted the main welfare office at the state capital.They considered the matter for days while I lay in bed, unable to move.Finally, if I was lucky, they called back and approved the repair.When welfare learned I was making money on my cartoons, Suzanne started "visiting" every fortnight instead of every two months.She looked into every corner in search of unreported appliances, or maids, or a roast pig in the oven, or a new helicopter parked out back. She never found anything, but there was always a thick pile of forms to fill out at the end of each visit, accounting for every penny.There is no provision in the law for a gradual shift away from welfare.I am an independent businessman, slowly building up my market.It's impossible to jump off welfare and suddenly be making two thousand dollars a month. But I would love to be able to pay for some of my living and not have to go through an embarrassing situation every time I need a spare part for my wheelchair.There needs to be a lawyer who can act as a champion for the rights of welfare clients, because the system so easily lends itself to abuse by the welfare givers as well as by the clients.Welfare sent Suzanne to look around in my apartment the other day because the chemist said I was using a larger than usual amount of medical supplies.I was, indeed: The hole that has been surgically cut to drain urine had changed size and the connection to my urine bag was leaking.While she was taking notes, my phone rang and Suzanne answered it.The caller was a state senator, which scared Suzanne a little.Would I sit on the governor's committee and try to do something about the thousands of welfare clients who, like me, could earn part or all of their own livings if they were allowed to do so, one step at a time?Hell, yes, I would!Someday people like me will thrive under a new system that will encourage them, not seek to convict them of cheating.They will be free to develop their talents without guilt or fear—or just hold a good, steady job.3B It was late afternoon when the chairman of our Bangkok-based company gave me an assignment: I would leave the next day to accompany an important Chinese businessman to tourist sites in northern Thailand.Silently angry, I stared at my desk.The stacks of paper bore witness to a huge amount of work waiting to be done, even though I had been working seven days a week.How will I ever catch up? I wondered.After a one-hour flight the next morning, we spent the day visiting attractions along with hundreds of other tourists, most of them loaded with cameras and small gifts.I remember feeling annoyed at this dense collection of humanity.That evening my Chinese companion and I climbed into a chartered van to go to dinner and a show, one which I had attended many times before.While he chatted with other tourists, I exchanged polite conversation in the dark with a man seated in front of me, a Belgian who spoke fluent English.I wondered why he held his head motionless at an odd angle, as though he were in prayer.Then the truth struck me.He was blind.Behind me someone switched on a light, and I could see his thick silvery hair and strong, square jaw.His eyes seemed to contain a white mist."Could I please sit beside you at the dinner?" he asked."And I'd love it if you'd describe a little of what you see.""I'd be happy to," I replied.。

新视野大学英语第四册课文翻译

UNIT1名望之尾1艺术家追求成名，如同狗自逐其尾，一旦追到手，除了继续追逐，不知道还能做些什么。

乐成之暴虐正在于它往往让那些追逐乐成者自寻废弃。

2对待一名正努力追求并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家，其亲朋往往会建议“严格的饭碗不能丢！”他们的忧愁不无道理。

追求高人一等，最达观的说也疾苦重重，许多人到末了不是穷困坎坷，也是几近元气破产。

尽管如此，希望博得追星族追捧和同行赞许之类的不太简单的简单的念头却在激发着他们前进。

享用乐成的无上名誉，这种迷惑不是能随便抵拒的。

3成名者之所以成名，大多是由于发挥了自己在唱歌、舞蹈、绘画或写作方面的擅长，并能造成自己的气魄。

为了能迅速走红，经纪人会戮力吹捧他们的这种气魄。

他们扶摇直上的经过让人看不清楚。

他们究竟是怎样乐成的，大多半人也都说不下去。

尽管如此，艺术家依然不能闲上去。

若献技者，画家或作家感到厌恶，他们的作品就难以继续维系以前的吸收力，也就难以维系民众的注意力。

民众的感情消磨以来，就回去追捧下一个走红的人。

有些艺术家为了不落伍，会对他们的写作、跳舞或唱歌的气魄稍加蜕变，但这将冒极大的得宠的危险。

民众对待他们借以成名的艺术气魄以外的任何形式都将嗤之以鼻。

4知名作家的文风一眼就能看进去，如田纳西.威廉斯的笑剧、欧内斯特.海明威的情节安排、罗伯特弗罗斯特或T.S艾略特的诗歌等。

异样，像莫奈。

雷诺阿、达利这样的画家、希区柯克、费里尼、斯皮尔伯格、陈凯歌或张艺谋这样的电影制作人也是如此。

他们明显特殊的艺术气魄标志着与他人不同的艺术形式上的重大改良，这让他们名利双收，但也让他们付出了代价，那就是?失了用其他气魄或形式呈现自我的自在。

5名望这盏聚光灯可比寒带丛林还要炙热。

骗局很快会被透露，过多的关怀带来的压力会让大多半人难以蒙受。

它让你?失自我。

你必需是民众认可的那个你，而不是真实的你，或是可能的你。

艺人，就像政客一样，必需往往说些愿意或连自己都不完全自负的话来取悦听众。

6一滴名望之水有可能玷污人得心灵这一整口井于是乎，一个艺术家若能维系真我，会格外让人赞叹你可能答不下去哪些人没有调和，却仍在这场名利的游戏中获胜。

新视野大学英语第三版第四册课文及翻译

12456Love and logic: The story of fallacy爱情与逻辑：谬误的故事I had my first date with Polly after I made the trade with my roommate Rob. That year every guy on campus had a leather jacket, and Rob couldn't stand the idea of being the only football player who didn't, so he made a pact that he'd give me his girl in exchange for my jacket. He wasn't the brightest guy. Polly wasn't too shrewd, either.在我和室友罗伯的交易成功之后，我和波莉有了第一次约会。

那一年校园里每个人都有件皮夹克，而罗伯是校足球队员中唯一一个没有皮夹克的，他一想到这个就受不了，于是他和我达成了一项协议，用他的女友换取我的夹克。

他可不那么聪明，而他的女友波莉也不太精明。

But she was pretty, well-off, didn't dye her hair strange colors or wear too much makeup. She had the right background to be the girlfriend of a dogged, brilliant lawyer. If I could show the elite law firms I applied to that I had a radiant, well-spoken counterpart by my side, I just might edge past the competition.但她漂亮而且富有，也没有把头发染成奇怪的颜色或是化很浓的妆。

新视野大学英语第三版第四册课文及翻译

新视野大学英语第三版第四册课文及翻译Love and logic: The story of fallacyI had my first date with Polly after I made the trade with my roommate Rob. That year every guy on campus had a leather jacket, and Rob couldn“t stand the idea of being the only football player who didn"t, so he made a pact that he"d give me his girl in exchange for my jacket. He wasn"t the brightest guy. Polly wasn"t too shrewd, either.But she was pretty, well-off, didn"t dye her hair strange colors or wear too much makeup. She had the right background to be the girlfriend of a dogged, brilliant lawyer. If I could show the elite law firms I applied to that I had a radiant, well-spoken counterpart by my side, I just might edge past the competition.\After a banner day out, I drove until we were situated under a big old oak tree on a hill off the expressway. What I had in mind was a little eccentric. I thought the venue with a perfect view of the luminous city would lighten the mood. We stayed in the car, and I turned down the stereo and took my foot off the brake pedal. \爱情与逻辑：谬误的故事在我和室友罗伯的交易成功之后，我和波莉有了第一次约会。

新视野大学英语第三版第四册课文翻译

unit 1 TextALove and logic: The story of a fallacy爱情与逻辑: 谬误的故事1 I had my first date with Polly afterI made the trade with my roommate Rob.That year every guy on campus had a leather jacket, and Rob couldn't stand the idea of being the only football player who didn't, so he made a pact that he'd give me his girl in exchange for my jacket.He wasn't the brightest guy.Polly wasn't too shrewd, either.在我和室友罗伯的交易成功之后, 我和波莉有了第一次约会。

那一年校园里每个人都有件皮夹克, 而罗伯是校足球队员中唯一一个没有皮夹克的, 他一想到这个就受不了, 于是他和我达成了一项协议, 用他的女友换取我的夹克。

他可不则聪明, 而他的女友波莉也不太精明。

2 But she was pretty, well-off, didn't dye her hair strange colors or wear too much makeup.She had the right background to be the girlfriend of a dogged, brilliant lawyer.If I could show the elite law firms I applied to that I had a radiant, well-spoken counterpart by my side, I just might edge past the competition.但她漂亮而且富有, 也没有把头发染成奇怪的颜色或是化很浓的妆。

新视野大学英语第四册Cloze原文及翻译

新视野大学英语第四册Cloze原文与翻译Unit 11)"So you want to be a rock and roll star?" asked the musician, Bib Dylan. You have decided to seek fame's spotlight. And you will not be persuaded otherwise. What is it that lures you? Is it the worshiping fans? Or is it simply to be recognized for being truly fantastic at something? This is all quite understandable. I should warn you, though. It is difficult to sustain the public's favor. These people will grow bored so easily. Even if you should succeed, you might not be happy, once you win in your conquest of fame, plaints will follow. For example, people will say that your work fails to show a lack of continuity in its appeal. You see, their enthusiasm will soon dissolve. I should also tell you that there will be plenty of people who will want to exploit you during your brief stay at the top. Friends? Sure, as long as you have money you'll have friends who will suck everything you have out of you. And don't forget to watch your agent closely. You might need a good lawyer and an accountant, but they too will want their piece of the pie—making money out of you.2)I see you understand the cruelty of the situation. However, your chase for fame can't be discouraged by my pessimistic outlook. Go ahead then. Don't ket me stop you. But when you fail of fall right back where you started and you're miserable, don't accuse me of not having warned you. I've done all that I can for you."所以,你要成为一个摇滚明星？〞音乐家,鲍勃·迪伦问.你已决定寻求名利的焦点.否则你将不会被说服.是什么吸引你？是祭祀球迷吗？或者它仅仅是被确认为是真正奇妙的东西呢？这是可以理解的.我要提醒你,虽然.这是难以维持市民的青睐.这些人会成长那么容易厌倦.即使你成功,你可能高兴不起来.一旦你赢在征服你的名声,将按照投诉.例如,人们会说,你的工作未能证明其上诉的连续性.你看,他们的热情会很快溶解.我还要告诉你,会有大量的人会想利用您在您短暂停留在顶部.朋友？当然,只要你有钱,你有朋友会吸你有你的一切.别忘了看你的代理人密切.您可能需要一个好律师和会计师,但他们也将他们的一块馅饼赚钱,如果你想.我明白了,你了解情况的残酷.然而,你对名利的追逐不能由我悲观泄气.然后继续进行.别让我阻止你.但是,当你失败或下降的右后卫,你开始的地方和你惨,你不能指责我没有警告过你.我已经做了我能为你.Unit 21)It is doubtful that there was a more successful edy team in the 20th century than the Three Stooges. Larry, Moe, and Curly became famous for their many short movies featuring extraordinary edy. In their movies, they found many ways of showing off funny actions. They attracted large audience and received a lot of applause. However, their movies also sparked criticism. Some people who didn't like the Three Stooges claimed they were too violent. In a TV interview Moe and Larry were roused to defend themselves. Their coarse brand, they said, shouldn't be taken seriously. It was just "cartoon violence".2)The stooges got their name and their start in an act called Ted Healy and His Stooges. This act began paving the way for their exceedingly successful career. Originally the team was posed of Larry, Moe and Shemp. However, Shemp left for a career in more serious movies. When Shemp left Curly took his place. Shemp's clumsy character returned in 1964 after Curly suffered a stoke.3)Moe was the heart and soul of the team, acting as both their main ic force and their director. He was responsible for scripting many of the jokes. He'd also spend time providing his services as their business manager. In 1934 the team began a series of edy shorts that numbered more than 200 when they ceased in 1985, which won them numerous fans. Despite all the criticism, the Three Stooges are undoubtedly the most famous famous edy team that history ever invented.在20世纪恐怕没有比活宝三人组更,成功的喜剧团队了.拉里,莫伊,克里因他们有特色的喜剧电影短片而出名.在他们演的电影里,有好多让人觉得滑稽有趣的动作.他们吸引了大批的观众并且获得了许多掌声.然而,他们的电影也引发了一些批评.一些不喜欢活宝三人组的批评他们太暴力了.在一个电视采访中,莫伊和拉里不得不为自己辩解.他们说,不应该把粗俗的招牌动作说得太严重.那不过是"卡通暴力〞.活宝三人组成名于他们一部喜剧,该喜剧叫作《泰德海里和他的小丑们》.该喜剧为他们今后极其成功的事业铺了路.最初,这个组合是由拉里、莫伊和谢普组成的.然而,谢普为了演一些更正式的电影而离开了.他离开后,克里就代替了他的位置.当1946年克里中风后,谢普又回来演他笨拙的角色.莫伊是这个组合的核心和灵魂人物,同时充当主角和导演.他负责编写剧本中许多可笑的对话,同时像业务经理一样花时间为其他成员提供服务.从1934年到1958年,这个组合创作了200余部喜剧短片,这为他们赢得了不计其数的粉丝.尽管有许多人批评,但活宝三人组无疑是有史以来最有名的喜剧组合.Unit 31)The challenges faced by all child protection caseworkers are obvious. What is often not so obvious are the many rewards a caseworker career offers. People often ask why anybody in their right mind would want to be a child protection caseworker, habitually dealing with the most disadvantaged and troubled families in their munity. Caseworkers routinely e across disturbing cases of child abuse and neglect, and clients who are not cooperative. Being a caseworker means being an agent of positive change, especially when the welfare sector is not just a job to you, but a professional vocation.2)Child protection is a difficult and challenging career path to follow, but the rewards fo exist. Many of our caseworkers choose this career path out of a desire to contribute to the munity. To be part of a process can ultimately change a family's life, and caseworkers may witness their intervention equip a young person so that his or her future prospects are improved. Of course, this does not occur with every intervention. But when it happens, it is a<n> rewarding experience. And if you are wondering whether this experience makes the job worthwhile, the answer is YES！3) A good indicator of how outside people look at the caseworker career has been the feedback from university students. In 2006 there were 118 students on placements of caseworker career. Those students who pleted their placements in child protection told us about the great opportunity they have had to apply theory to practice: the many chances of learning new skills and trying new skills and trying new tasks; the sound knowledge available through training; and how valuable being familiar with different welfare services was to their future career.所有的儿童保护社会工作者所面临的挑战是显而易见的.社会工作者在职业生涯中的遇见往往不是那么明显.人们经常会问,为什么一些人头脑清醒的想成为一名儿童保护社会工作者,习惯性地处理他们社会里最弱势群体和陷入困境的家庭.令人不安的虐待和忽视儿童的情形,不合作,社会工作者是经常遇到的.作为一个社会工作意味着人生中的积极改变,特别是当社会福利界不仅是你的工作,而是一个专业的职业.保护儿童是一项艰巨和具有挑战性的职业道路可走,但不存在回报.我们的许多社会工作者选择了这个职业路径是出于对社会作贡献的愿望.成为过程中的一部分,最终可以改变一个家庭的生活,社会工作者可以见证他们的干预装备了年轻人,使他或她的未来前景得到改善.当然,这并不发生的每一个干预.但是,当它发生,它是一个有益的经验.如果你想知道这方面的经验是否值得使得工作,那么答案是肯定的！外面的人如何看社会工作者的职业生涯的一个良好指标已经从大学生的反馈.在20##有118学生存款的社会工作者的职业生涯〔实习〕.这些学生在保护儿童完成他们的存款在20##的大好机会,他们有理论应用到实践告诉我们很多机会学习新技能和新任务,努力通过培训提供良好的知识;社会工作者愿意到谈谈他们的经验;多么宝贵变得熟悉不同的福利服务,是他们未来的职业生涯.Unit 41)We are living in the age of a telemunications revolution. In order to keep from getting left behind, many developing countries are making an intensive effort to strengthen their telemunications infrastructure. This will help them catch up with the developed countries. It was, after all, advanced telemunications that gave some countries an economic advantage over others during the 20th century. There is one place that developing nations are looking to improve upon. That is enabling their citizens and businesses to get access to the Web. They are installing advanced optical fibers. These fibers, a millimeter in diameter, can bring the information superhighway to their door. The initial investments that countries like Vietnam are making may seem too great because they still lack basic utilities,like electricity and water. However, government officials say that these moves are strategic. They are also confident that their countries will reap the benefits. They will benefit from having more reliable and up-to-date telemunications equipment and gaining more revenues. One Vietnamese leader said, "It is understandable that people want to tackle their immediate problems first. Still, our entire future is at stake. People don't always understand the breadth of the problem, though." He continued, "There are problems with using the antique munications equipment. And if we continue to use such old equipment, the gap between us and the developed world will continue to widen. Sacrifices have to be made now so that our children will have a country with opportunities equal to those they see in the developed world." It will not be far where they can cruise alongside Americans and Western Europeans on the information superhighway.我们正生活在一个电信革命的时代.为了保住从入门留下,许多发展中国家正在加紧努力,以加强其电信基础设施.这将有助于他们赶上发达国家.它毕竟是先进的电信了比其他一些国家在20世纪的经济优势.有一个地方,发展中国家正在寻求改善.这使他们的公民和企业获得访问Web.他们正在安装先进的光纤.这些纤维的直径毫米,能带来的信息高速公路,以他们的门.的初始投资,越南等国家正在似乎太大,因为他们仍然缺乏基本的公用事业,如电力和水的.然而,政府官员说,这些举动是战略性的.他们也有信心,他们的国家都将从中获益.他们将受益于更可靠,到最新的电信设备和获得更多的收入.一位越南领导人表示,"这是可以理解的,人们希望先解决他们迫切的问题.尽管如此,我们整个的未来处于危险之中.人们总是不明白的问题的广度,虽然.〞他继续说,"有使用古董通信设备的问题,如果我们继续使用旧设备,我们和发达国家之间的差距将继续扩大.必须作出牺牲,现在,让我们的孩子将有与那些在发达世界看到机会均等的国家."它不会远时,他们沿着美国和西欧在信息高速公路上巡航..Unit 51)Have you ever experienced living alone by yourself?2)Sunlight disappears, awakening me to the fact that I am alone. I am a<n> solitary observer on this isolated pond in the forest. Here I sit alone as the last light of day fades away. A lone wolf in the distance cries out. Then darkness creeps in around me. I return to my small hut to put the kettle on the stove and sit in solitude with a hot cup of tea until I want to sleep. The fire inside the stove is low, so I use the axe to split some wood and throw them in. It gets the fire going. I had made preparations to be here for the entire summer. However, after a month I am already lacking in supplies. I didn't expect i would be tired of this experience so soon. In the cupboards there is nothing but noodles, and half a pint of wine. I have bee so sick of noodles. Still, I have to force myself to choke them down. As I bring the teacup to my lips, I consider whether I should return to civilization to gather supplies or simply abandon my adventure. My observation is that self-reliance is a bit boring. I long to share a steak dinner with my friends, to watch my niece play in the summer's heat. Still my ego will not let me return to my family and friends just yer. I had boasted to them about how being alone would bring about inspiration to writing poetry. The fact is that I have written nothing.你有没有经历过自己独居吗？阳光消失了,唤醒了我这个事实,我是孤独的.我是一个<n>孤独的观察员这个与世隔绝的池塘在森林里.这里我独自坐着的最后一天的光也消失了.一只孤独的狼在远处的喊叫.我周围的黑暗便在蠕动.我回到我的小棚屋把壶放在炉子上,坐在孤独和一杯热茶,直到我想睡觉.火在炉子很低,所以我用斧子去分摊一些木头,把它们扔进海里.它获得的火苗.我作了准备要在这里整个夏天.然而,一个月后我已经缺乏供应.我没料到我会这么快就厌倦了这种经验.在橱柜里没有什么但面条,还有半品脱酒.我已经变得如此的生病的面条.不过,我不得不强迫自己掐下来.当我把茶杯送到我的嘴唇,我考虑我是否应该回到文明收集物资或完全放弃我的冒险活动.我的观察是,自力更生是有点乏味.我渴望分享牛排晚餐与我的朋友们,看我的侄女在夏天玩的热量.还是我的自尊心不让我回到我的家人和朋友们只是你们.我若对提多夸奖他们怎样孤独会带来灵感写诗.事实是,我已经写了什么Unit 6Bribery may lead to murder. A month ago reporters rushed to the scene of a crime. At the spot the detective seemed even hardly aware of their presence as he did dis work. He carefully searched for clues over every inch of the house. After a while, he bent over to pick up a small torn piece of fabric. Nothing could escape from his search. The detective suspected that this piece of fabric was torn from the murderer's clothing during a struggle.The victim had been the finance director of a very large puter hardware manufacturer. His wife, a timid woman, shared everything she knew with the detective, including a hot quarrel her husband had with some of the pany's top executives at a banquet. There had been a scandal involving bribery at his pany. He was investigating the business of many of the top executives. He had concluded that some people were giving special favors to government officials to get contracts. He often questioned their moral conscience and told them that he would accuse them if they were doing something they shouldn't, which caused problems for him. His questioning and accusing often left him at odds with many of the executives. This time it had led to a fatal blow on his head. The detective caught sight of a crucial clue. A brass button in the corner. It was from a jacket of one of the top executives. Later his executive and the pany's president was arrested. Of course this is not the end of the story.贿赂可能导致谋杀.一个月前,记者赶到犯罪现场.在现场的侦探似乎甚至难以意识到自己的存在,因为他做了他的工作.他仔细地搜查了每一寸的房子的线索.过了一会儿,他弯腰捡起一个小织物的撕裂一块.没有什么能逃脱他的搜索.侦探怀疑这块面料从凶手的衣服被撕裂的斗争中.受害者一直是一个非常大的计算机硬件制造商的财务总监.他的妻子,一个胆小的女人,她知道侦探,包括一个热的争吵,她的丈夫有一些公司的高层管理人员在宴会的一切共享.曾有过涉与他的公司的贿赂丑闻.他被调查的许多高层管理人员的业务.他得出结论,一些人给予特殊照顾,政府官员获得合同.他常常质疑他们的道德良知,并告诉他们,他会指责他们,如果他们做的东西,他们不应该,这引起了他的问题.他的质疑和指责往往相左,他与很多高管离开.这一次,它导致了一个致命的一击在他的头上.侦探抓住了一个重要的线索,在角落里的黄铜按钮的视线.这是从夹克的高层管理人员之一.后来这个行政机关和公司的总裁被证实.当然,这并不是故事的结尾.Unit 7Many Native Americans closely resemble Asians. This has led most scientists to exceedingly believe something about Native Americans. They think that most Native Americans descend from distant group of people. These people migrated from Siberia across the Bering Strait, between 17,000-11,000 years ago. The exact time and route is still under question. That is, it is still a<n> matter of debate. The time they traveled and the route they took is still being argued, as is whether it happened at all.Until recently, some anthropologists argued that the migration occurred 12,000 years ago. However, there are a number of difficulties with this theory—in particular, the presence of people in the Americans earlier than one might think. There is growing evidence of human presence in brazil and Chile 11,500 years ago or earlier. There is also evidence of humans living in the Americas some 50,000 years ago. Therefore, other possibilities have been suggested.They may have crossed the land bridge several thousand years earlier or they may have sailed along the western coast. However, some contest this theory. They think that humans lacked skills for sailing during that era.Some consider the genetic and cultural evidence for an Asian origin overwhelming. It should be noted, however, that some other people are very upset at this idea. Many present-day Native Americans reject the above theories. They say those who put forward such theories have political motivation. They have their own traditional stories that offer accounts of where they came from. Their own stories claim that their origins are different from what scientists say. Those accounts, though, have mostly been ignored by scholars. Therefore, the origin of Americans still remains a mystery to be explored.许多印第安人酷似亚洲人.这导致了大多数科学家极其相信一些有关印第安人.他们认为,大多数印第安人从遥远的人组下降.这些人穿过白令海峡之间17,000-11,000年前从西伯利亚迁移.确切的时间和路线是仍然受到质疑.也就是说,它仍然是一个有争议的问题.前往的时候,他们和他们采取的路线仍被认为,无论它发生在所有.直到最近,一些人类学家认为,迁移发生在120##前.不过,也有一些困难,特别是这一理论的早期美洲人存在多个可能认为.有越来越多的证据表明人类的存在,在巴西和智利在11500年前或更早.还有约5万年前生活在美洲的人类证据.因此,其他的可能性提出了建议.他们可能已经越过陆桥几千年前,他们可能沿西部海岸航行.然而,这一理论一番较量.他们认为,人类在那个时代缺乏航海技能.有些人认为亚洲起源的绝大多数遗传和文化的证据.然而,应当指出,另一些人吃了,在这个想法很不高兴.现今的许多印第安人拒绝了上述理论.他们说,这些人提出这样的理论有政治动机.他们有自己的传统故事,他们来自何处,提供##.自己的故事声称,他们的起源是科学家们说什么的不同.不过,这些账户,大多被学者所忽视.因此,美国人的起源仍是一个有待探索的奥秘.Unit 8Here is the story about how the American civil rights movement started in the 1950s. Tired as she was, Mrs. Parks walked past the first few—mostly empty—rows of seats marked "Whites Only". Black people were allowed to sit in these seats as long as no white person was standing. Despite the fact that Rosa Parks hated segregation laws, she had never done anything against the law. She had been fighting for civil rights for more than 10 years, but always legally. However, that day she did something that was illegal.She found and sat in a<n> vacant seat in the back of the bus. The bus continued along its route. The driver noticed that all the seats in the "Whites Only" section were already taken. And more white people had just climbed aboard. He ordered the people in Mrs. Parks' row to move to the back, where there were no open seats and people had to stand. No one moved at first, but when the driver barked at the black passengers a second time, they did what they were told. They all moved to the back—except Rosa Parks. She remained in the prohibited seat. Consequently, trouble occured. Ms. Parks was thrown in jail for defying the law.This incident inspired the Montgomery Bus Boycott of 1955-1956. It also sparked the 20th-century civil rights movement. Mrs. Parks quickly became the focus of that day. She has been remembered as a brave fighter in the civil rights movement.以下是有关如何在20世纪50年代美国运动开始的故事.累了她,公园夫人走过去前几大多标有"白人〞的席位空行.黑衣人被允许在这些座位坐下,只要没有白色的人站在.罗莎帕克斯痛恨种族隔离的法律,尽管事实上,她从来没有做过任何违反法律.她一直在争取的为10年以上,但总是合法.然而,这一天,她做的东西是非法的.她发现,坐在公共汽车后面的一个空缺席位.公交车继续沿着它的路线.司机发现已经采取了"白〞一节中的所有席位.越白的人刚刚上了车.他下令帕克斯夫人一行的人移动到后面,那里有没有开席和人民不得不站.没有人首先提出的,但是当驱动黑色乘客在第二次的咆哮,他们做了什么,他们被告知.他们全部移到背面,除了罗莎·帕克斯.她仍然在被禁止的座位.因此,故障发生.女士公园被扔在监狱里,以身试法.这件事启发了1955-1956蒙哥马利公共汽车抵制.它也引发了20世纪的运动.夫人公园迅速成为当天的焦点.她一直记得,在运动的勇敢战士.Unit 9Some people have criticized the Disney management for being culturally insensitive in building a theme park in France. Disney has reacted to the accusation with ments of its own. People from Disney have said that the pany is very sensitive to the idea that its park shows a<n> lack of cultural concerns. They have tried to make it more European by emphasizing European cultural elements. The legends and fairy tales which e from Europe figure prominently in the park. The creative development of the theme park, in fact, has a European base. Disney has also claimed that the park will be special. It will have a uniqueness appropriate to its European setting. All the direction signs in the park will be in two languages. They will be in French as well as in English. Some performers in the park will chat in French, Spanish and English. On the other hand, Disney will remain American. Disney does concede that the park is American. That is, it does have an American cultural focus in essence. Disney sees this through something important. It is the main selling value to attract people. The 320 million European citizens who live within a two-hour flight want to visit Disney, because it is American. The Europeans ing to the park would be disappointed by a park that is strictly representative of their own countries. The people who visit the park will be very happy with the American culture they see represented by Disneyland. During their trip, they will experience not only the cultures of Europe, but also that of the US as well. One thing is undeniable though: All other previous theme parks in Europe have been unsuccessful. It is not yet clear how a Disney theme park will do in France.有些人批评迪士尼管理,文化建设主题公园在法国的敏感.迪斯尼的指控作出反应,用自己的意见.从迪斯尼的人说,该公司是非常敏感的想法,其公园缺乏文化的关注.他们试图通过建立欧洲文化元素,使更多的欧洲.的传说和童话,来自欧洲的数字,在公园突出.主题公园的创意发展,事实上,有一个欧洲的基地.迪斯尼还声称,该公园将是特殊的.将其在欧洲的设置适当的唯一性.在公园里的所有指示标志将在两种语言.他们将在法国以与在英语.在公园里的一些演员,将法语,西班牙语和英语聊天.另一方面,迪斯尼将保持美国.迪斯尼不承认,该公园是美国.也就是说,它在本质上有一个美国文化的焦点.迪斯尼认为重要的东西.它的主要卖点来吸引人们. 320万欧洲公民生活在两个小时的飞行想要去迪斯尼乐园,因为它是美国.欧洲未来园区将感到失望的是严格代表自己的国家公园.入园参观的人会很高兴与美国文化,他们看到由迪士尼乐园在他们的行程表示,他们将不仅体验欧洲的文化,而且在美国,以与.有一件事是不可否认的,虽然以前在欧洲的所有其他的主题公园已经失败.这还不是一个迪斯尼主题公园将如何在法国做的夹板.Unit 10The concept of Emotional Intelligence <EO or EI> was first defined by Peter Salovey and John Mayer, but it became widely popular after Daniel Goleman published his best-seller Emotional Intelligence in 1995. A definition of emotional intelligence is "knowing how you and others feel and what to do about it".The control center of our emotions is a small part of our brain called the amygdala. It scans ining signals from our sensory organs <eyes, ears, etc.> and act as the emotional alarm center of our body. When it detects a condition that we hate, that we fear, or that could hurt us, it triggers an immediate response from the other parts of our brain that control our actions. The amygdala's extensive web of the rest of the brain, including the rational mind. This accounts for why we sometimes do things "without thinking", like closing our eyes just before a flying bug hits our face or losing our control during the course of a quarrel.In fact, the importance of EQ for individual succes has emerged as a hot topic over the past decade. Many organizations are beginning to realize the importance of EQ and have started to identify the aspects of EQ that are most essential to success. Once this is done, they are able to use formal assessment tools to pick out stong candidates.It is easy to see how EQ can impact on performance as an individual contributor. Considering the increasing importance of teams in today's working world, it is obvious that any role that requires teamwork relies heavily on interpersonal insight and proficiency. Even the smartest, most experienced workers can have a<n> negative impact on team performance if they fail to find ways to get along with others. In a more solitary role like sales, individuals still need to demonstrate high EQ to recognize how a potential customer is feeling. Success often depends on the ability to identify the customer's needs. Those better equipped to deal with frustration and pressure may be less likely to make mistakes or bee injured through poor decision-making.情商〔EQ或EI〕的概念最早是由彼得·沙洛维和John Mayer的定义,但它成为广受欢迎的丹尼尔·戈尔曼出版后在1995年他的最畅销的情商.情商的定义是"知道如何您和他人的感觉和它做什么〞.我们的情绪控制中心是我们的大脑的一小部分,称为杏仁核.它可以扫描传入的信号,从我们的感觉器官〔眼睛,耳朵等〕,并作为我们的身体的情绪报警中心.当它检测的条件,我们恨,我们担心,或可能伤害我们的,它会触发立即作出反应,控制我们的行动,从我们的大脑的其他部分.在amygadala的神经连接网络允许在1情绪的紧急情况下采取控制大部分的大脑休息,包括理性思维.此##,为什么我们有时做的事情"而不思〞,如关闭我们的眼睛前悬挂错误打我们的脸或在争吵的过程中,我们失去控制.其实,情商对于个人成功的重要性已成为比过去十年来的热门话题.许多组织都开始认识到情商的重要性,并已说明,以确定情商方面是成功的最重要的.一旦做到这一点,他们都能够使用正式的评估工具,以挑选出强有力的候选人.EQ可以影响性能作为个体贡献者,它很容易看到.考虑到世界队在今天的工作的重要性日益增加,很明显,任何的作用,需要团队合作在很大程度上依赖于人际关系的洞察力和能力.即使是最聪明,最有经验的工人可以有一个团队销售的负面影响,个人仍然需要表现出高EQ承认一个潜在的客户ID感觉.成功往往取决于上的能力,以确定客户的需求.更好地处理挫折和压力的人,可能不太容易犯错误,或成为通过差决策受伤.。

新视野大学英语第四册Cloze原文及翻译

新视野大学英语第四册Cloze原文及翻译Unit 11)"So you want to be a rock and roll star?" asked the musician, Bib Dylan. You have decided to seek fame's spotlight. And you will not be persuaded otherwise. What is it that lures you? Is it the worshiping fans? Or is it simply to be recognized for being truly fantastic at something? This is all quite understandable. I should warn you, though. It is difficult to sustain the public's favor. These people will grow bored so easily. Even if you should succeed, you might not be happy, once you win in your conquest of fame, complaints will follow. For example, people will say that your work fails to show a lack of continuity in its appeal. You see, their enthusiasm will soon dissolve. I should also tell you that there will be plenty of people who will want to exploit you during your brief stay at the top. Friends? Sure, as long as you have money you'll have friends who will suck everything you have out of you. And don't forget to watch your agent closely. You might need a good lawyer and an accountant, but they too will want their piece of the pie—making money out of you.2)I see you understand the cruelty of the situation. However, your chase for fame can't be discouraged by my pessimistic outlook. Go ahead then. Don't ket me stop you. But when you fail of fall right back where you started and you're miserable, don't accuse me of not having warned you. I've done all that I can for you.“所以，你要成为一个摇滚明星？”音乐家，鲍勃·迪伦问。

新视野大学英语第四册课文翻译

新视野⼤学英语第四册课⽂翻译新视野⼤学英语第四册课⽂翻译（全）新视野⼤学英语课⽂翻译（第四册）Unit 1Section A 名⽓之尾艺术家追求成名，如同狗⾃逐其尾，⼀旦追到⼿，除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。

成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者⾃寻毁灭。

对⼀名正努⼒追求成功并刚刚崭露头⾓的艺术家，其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢!”他们的担⼼不⽆道理。

追求出⼈头地，最乐观地说也困难重重，许多⼈到最后即使不是穷困潦倒，也是⼏近精神崩溃。

尽管如此，希望赢得追星族追捧和同⾏赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。

享受成功的⽆上光荣，这种诱惑不是能轻易抵挡的。

成名者之所以成名，⼤多是因为发挥丁⾃⼰在歌唱、舞蹈、绘画或写作等⽅⾯的特长，并能形成⾃⼰的风格。

为了能迅速⾛红，经纪⼈会极⼒吹捧他们的这种风格。

他们青云直—上的过程让⼈看不清楚。

他们究竟是怎么成功的，⼤多数⼈也都说不上来。

尽管如此，艺术家仍然不能闲下来。

若表演者、画家或作家感到厌烦，他们的作品就难以继续保持以前的吸引⼒，也就难以保持公众的注意⼒。

公众的热情消磨以后，就会去追捧下⼀个⾛红的⼈。

有些艺术家为了不落伍，会对他们的写作、跳舞或唱歌的风格稍加变动，但这将冒极⼤的失宠的危险。

公众对于他们藉以成名的艺术风格以外的任何形式都将不屑⼀顾。

知名作家的⽂风⼀眼就能看出来，如⽥纳西·威廉斯的戏剧、欧内斯特·海明威的情节安排、罗伯特·弗罗斯特或T.S．艾略特的诗歌等。

同样，像莫奈、雷诺阿、达利这样的画家，希区柯克、费⾥尼、斯⽪尔伯格、陈凯歌或张艺谋这样的电影制作⼈也是如此。

他们鲜明独特的艺术风格标志着与别⼈不同的艺术形式上的重⼤变⾰，这让他们名利双收，但也让他们付出了代价，那就是失去了⽤其他风格或形式表现⾃我的⾃由。

名⽓这盏聚光灯可⽐热带丛林还要炙热。

骗局很快会被揭穿，过多的关注带来的压⼒会让⼤多数⼈难以承受。

它让你失去⾃我。

新视野大学英语第四册第三版课文与翻译

Unit 5Speaking Chinese in America在美国说中文Once, at a dinner on the Monterey Peninsula, California, my mother whispered to me confidentially: "Sau-sau <brother's wife> pretends too hard to be a polite recipient! Why bother with such nominal courtesy? In the end, she always takes everything."有一次,在加州蒙特雷半岛上用餐时,我母亲私下悄悄地对我说："嫂嫂想做个彬彬有礼的客人,但是装得太厉害了！何必费劲讲究形式上的客套呢？到最后她还是什么都要。

"My mother acted like a waixiao, an emigrant, no longer patient with old taboos and courtesies. To prove her point, she reached across the table to offer my elderly aunt from Beijing the last scallop from the garlic seafood dish, along with the flank steak and the cucumber salad.我母亲行事像个"外侨",即一个移民国外的侨民,因为她已经不耐烦老一套的禁忌和礼数了。

为了证明她刚才的观点,她手伸过桌子,把蒜香海鲜拼盘里的最后一个扇贝,连同牛腩排及黄瓜沙拉一起,递给我从北京来的年长舅妈。

Sau-sau frowned. "B'yao, zhenb'yao!" she cried, patting her substantial stomach. I don't want it, really I don't.嫂嫂皱起了眉头,"不要,真不要！"她一边大声说一边拍着自己已经吃得很饱的肚子。

新视野大学英语第四册第三版课文及翻译

Unit 5Speaking Chinese in America在美国说中文Once，at a dinner on the Monterey Peninsula, California, my mother whispered to me confidentially："Sau-sau (brother’s wife）pretends too hard to be a polite recipient！Why bother with such nominal courtesy? In the end, she always takes everything.”有一次，在加州蒙特雷半岛上用餐时，我母亲私下悄悄地对我说：“嫂嫂想做个彬彬有礼的客人,但是装得太厉害了！何必费劲讲究形式上的客套呢?到最后她还是什么都要.”My mother acted like a waixiao, an emigrant, no longer patient with old taboos and courtesies. To prove her point，she reached across the table to offer my elderly aunt from Beijing the last scallop from the garlic seafood dish, along with the flank steak and the cucumber salad。

我母亲行事像个“外侨”，即一个移民国外的侨民，因为她已经不耐烦老一套的禁忌和礼数了。

为了证明她刚才的观点，她手伸过桌子,把蒜香海鲜拼盘里的最后一个扇贝，连同牛腩排及黄瓜沙拉一起，递给我从北京来的年长舅妈。

Sau—sau frowned. ”B'yao，zhenb'yao！” she cried, patting her substantial stomach. I don’t want it，really I don't.嫂嫂皱起了眉头，“不要,真不要！”她一边大声说一边拍着自己已经吃得很饱的肚子。

(完整word版)新视野大学英语第四册第三版课文及翻译

Unit 8A turning point of my life我人生的转折点I wasn’t yet 30 years old and was working as a firefighter in New York City，in a firehouse completely swamped with calls. In the rare moments when we weren’t busy, I would make calls on our cordless phone handset or rush to our office to read Captain Gray’s subscription of the Sunday New York Times. Late one afternoon when I finally read the Book Review section, my blood began to boil。

An article stated a thesis I took to be an offensive insult：William Butler Yeats，the Nobel Prize—winning light of the Irish Literary Renaissance，had risen above his Irishness and was now a universal poet. I grew indignant suddenly, and a deep-seated passion within me was activated。

我那时还不到30 岁，是纽约市的一名消防员，我工作的消防站总是不断有求助电话进来。

偶尔在我们不忙的时候,我会打打无绳电话，或是到办公室，看看格雷队长订的《纽约时报》周日版。

一天下午晚些时候，当我最后读到书评栏时，我开始血液沸腾。

新视野大学英语第4册课文翻译

课文翻译Unit 1 名气之尾艺术家追求成名,如同狗自逐其尾,一旦追到手,除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么.成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭.对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角地艺术家,其亲朋常常会建议“正经地饭碗不能丢！”他们地担心不无道理.追求出人头地,最乐观地说也困难重重,许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒,也是几近精神崩溃.尽管如此,希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类地不太纯洁地动机却在激励着他们向前.享受成功地无上光荣,这种诱惑不是能轻易抵挡地.成名者之所以成名,大多是因为发挥了自己在歌唱.舞蹈.绘画或写作等方面地特长,并能形成自己地风格.为了能迅速走红,代理人会极力吹捧他们这种风格.他们青云直上地过程让人看不清楚.他们究竟是怎么成功地,大多数人也都说不上来.尽管如此,艺术家仍然不能闲下来.若表演者.画家或作家感到无聊,他们地作品就难以继续保持以前地吸引力,也就难以保持公众地注意力.公众地热情消磨以后,就会去追捧下一个走红地人.有些艺术家为了不落伍,会对他们地写作.跳舞或唱歌地风格稍加变动,但这将冒极大地失宠地危险.公众对于他们藉以成名地艺术风格以外地任何形式都将不屑一顾.知名作家地文风一眼就能看出来,如田纳西?威廉斯地戏剧.欧内斯特?海明威地情节安排.罗伯特?弗罗斯特或 T.S.艾略特地诗歌等.同样,像莫奈.雷诺阿.达利这样地画家,希区柯克.费里尼.斯皮尔伯格.陈凯歌或张艺谋这样地电影制作人也是如此.他们鲜明独特地艺术风格标志着与别人不同地艺术形式上地重大变革,这让他们名利双收,但也让他们付出了代价,那就是失去了用其他风格或形式表现自我地自由.名气这盏聚光灯可比热带丛林还要炙热.骗局很快会被揭穿,过多地关注带来地压力会让大多数人难以承受.它让你失去自我.你必须是公众认可地那个你,而不是真实地你或是可能地你.艺人,就像政客一样,必须常常说些违心或连自己都不完全相信地话来取悦听众.一滴名气之水有可能玷污人地心灵这一整口井,因此一个艺术家若能保持真我,会格外让人惊叹.你可能答不上来哪些人没有妥协,却仍然在这场名利地游戏中获胜.一个例子就是爱尔兰著名作家奥斯卡?王尔德,他在社交行为和性行为方面以我行我素而闻名于世.虽然他地行为遭到公众地反对,却依然故我,他也因此付出了惨痛地代价.在一次宴会上,他一位密友地母亲当着他地朋友和崇拜者地面,指责他在性方面影响了她地儿子.他听了她地话以后大为光火,起诉了这个年轻人地母亲,声称她毁了自己地“好”名声.但是,他真该请一个更好地律师.结果是,法官不仅不支持他提出地让这个女人赔偿他名声损失费地请求,反而对他本人进行了罚款.他由于拒交罚款最终还被送进了监狱.更糟糕地是,他再也无法获得更多公众地宠爱.在最糟糕地时候,他发现没有一个人愿意拿自己地名声冒险来替他说话.为保持真我,他付出地代价是,在最需要崇拜者时,谁也不理他.奇怪地是,收获最大地恰恰是失败者.他们收获了自由！他们可以自由地表达,独辟蹊径,不落窠臼,不用担心失去崇拜者地支持.失败地艺术家寻求安慰时,可以想想许多伟大地艺术家都是过世多年以后才成名,或是他们没有出卖自己.他们也可以为自己地失败辩解：自己地才华实在过于高深,不是当代听众或观众所理解得了地.那些失败了却仍不肯放弃地顽固派也许会乐于知道,某些名人曾经如何越挫越勇,直至成功.美国小说家托马斯?伍尔芙地第一本小说《向家乡看吧,安琪儿》被拒39次后,才最终得以出版.贝多芬战胜了父亲认为他毫无音乐家潜质地偏见,成为世界上最伟大地音乐家.19世纪瑞士著名教育家裴斯泰洛齐原先干地工作没有一件成功,直到他想到去教小孩子,并研究出一种新型教育模式地基础理论.托马斯?爱迪生在四年级时被赶出了学校,因为老师觉得他似乎太迟钝.但不幸地是,对大多数人而言,失败是奋斗地结束,而不是开始.对那些孤注一掷地追名逐利之徒,我要说：祝你们好运.但是,遗憾地是,你会发现这不是你想得到地.狗自逐其尾所得到地只是一条尾巴而已.获得成功地人常常发现成功对他来说弊大于利.所以要为真实地你.为自己地所为感到高兴,而不是拼命去获得成功.做那些你为之感到骄傲地事情.可能在有生之年你默默无闻,但你可能创作了更好地艺术.Unit 2查理.卓别林他出生在伦敦南部地一个贫困地区.他穿地短袜是从妈妈地红色长袜上剪下来地.他地妈妈一度被诊断为精神失常.狄更斯或许能创作出查理?卓别林地童年故事,但只有查理?卓别林才能塑造出了不起地喜剧角色“流浪汉”,这个使其创作者声名永驻地衣衫褴褛地小人物.就卓别林而言,其他国家,如法国.意大利.西班牙,甚至日本,都比他地出生地给予了他更多地掌声（和更多地收益）.在1913年,卓别林永久地离开了英国,与一些演员一起启程到美国进行舞台喜剧表演.在那里,他被星探招募到好莱坞喜剧片之王麦克?塞纳特地旗下工作.令人遗憾地是,20世纪二.三十年代地很多英国人认为卓别林地“流浪汉”多少有点“粗俗”.中产阶级当然这样认为.劳动阶层反倒更有可能为这样一个反抗权势地角色拍手喝彩：他以顽皮地小拐杖使绊子,或用皮靴后跟对准权势者肥大地臀部踢一下.尽管如此,卓别林地滑稽乞丐形象并不那么像英国人,甚至也不像劳动阶级地人.英国流浪者并不留小胡子,也不穿肥大地裤子或燕尾服：欧洲地领导人和意大利地侍者才那样穿戴.另外,“流浪汉”瞟着漂亮女孩地眼神也有些粗俗,被英国观众认为不太正派──只有外国人才那样,不是吗？而在卓别林大半地银幕生涯中,银幕上地他是不出声地,也就无从证明他是英国人.事实上,当卓别林再也无法抵制有声电影,不得不为他地“流浪汉”寻找“合适地声音”时,他确实很头疼.他尽可能地推迟那一天地到来：在 1936 地《摩登时代》里,他第一次在影片里发声唱歌.在片中,他扮演一名侍者,满口胡言乱语,听起来不像任何国家地语言.后来他说,他想象中地“流浪汉”是一位受过大学教育,但已经没落地绅士.但假如他在早期那些短小地喜剧电影中能操一口受教育人地口音,那么他是否会闻名世界就难说了,而英国人也肯定会觉得这很“古怪”.没有人知道卓别林这么干是不是有意地,但这促使他获得了巨大地成功.他是一个才能非凡地人,他地决心之大甚至在好莱坞明星中也十分少见.他地巨大名声为他带来了自由,更重要地是带来了财富,他因此得以成为自己地主人.在事业发展之初,他就感到一种冲动要去发掘并扩展自己身上所显露地天才.当他第一次在银幕上看到自己扮演地“流浪汉”时,他说：“这不可能是我.那可能吗？瞧这角色多么与众不同啊！”这种震惊唤起了他地想象.卓别林并没有把他地笑料事先写成文字.他是那种边表演边根据感觉去创造艺术地喜剧演员.没有生命地物体特别有助于卓别林发挥自己艺术家地天赋.他将这些物体想象成其他东西.因此,在《当铺老板》中,一个坏闹钟变成了正在接受手术地“病人”；在《淘金记》中,靴子被放在锅里煮,靴底被蘸着盐和胡椒吃掉,就像上好地鱼片一样（鞋钉就像鱼骨那样被剔除）.这种对事物地转化,以及他一次又一次做出这种转化地技巧,正是卓别林伟大喜剧地奥秘所在.他也深切地渴望被爱,同时也害怕遭到背叛.这两者很难结合在一起,有时这种冲突导致了灾难,就像他早期地几次婚姻那样.然而即使是这种以沉重代价换来地自知之明也在他地喜剧创作中得到了表现.“流浪汉”始终没有失去对卖花女地信心,相信她正等待着与自己共同走进夕阳之中；而卓别林地另一面使他地凡尔杜先生,一个杀了妻子地法国人,成为了仇恨女人地象征.令人宽慰地是,生活最终把卓别林先前没能获得地稳定和幸福给了他.他找到了沃娜?奥尼尔?卓别林这个伴侣.她地沉稳和深情跨越了他们之间37岁地年龄差距.他们地年龄差别太大,以致当1942年他们要结婚时,新娘公布了他们地结婚日期后,为他们办理手续地官员问这位漂亮地17岁姑娘：“那个年轻人在哪儿？”──当时已经54岁地卓别林小心翼翼在外面等候着.由于沃娜本人出生在一个被各种麻烦困扰地大家庭,她对卓别林生活中将面临地挑战也做好了充分准备,因为当时关于他俩有很多毫无根据地流言.后来在他那个有那么多天才孩子地大家庭中,卓别林有时会引发争吵,而她则成了安宁地中心.卓别林死于1977年圣诞节.几个月后,几个近乎可笑地盗尸者从他地家庭墓室盗走了他地尸体以借此诈钱.警方追回了他地尸体,其效率比麦克?塞纳特拍摄地启斯东喜剧片中地笨拙警察要高得多.但是人们不禁会感到,卓别林一定会把这一奇怪地事件看作是对他地十分恰当地纪念──他以这种方式给这个自己曾为之带去这么多笑声地世界留下最后地笑声.Unit 3 渴望新地福利制度人人都觉得福利救济对象是在骗人.当我认识地许多坐轮椅地人面临与宠物猫分吃生猫食地窘境时,都会向福利机构多骗取几美元.为了能领到一点额外地福利款,他们告诉政府说他们实际上少拿了200美元地养老金,或告诉社会工作者,说房东又将房租涨了100 美元.我选择了过一种完全诚实地生活,因此我不会那样做,而是四处找活,揽些画漫画地活.我甚至还告诉福利机构我赚了多少钱！哦,私下里领一笔钱当然对我挺有吸引力,但即使我挡不住这种诱惑,我投稿地那些大杂志也不会去给自己惹麻烦.他们会保留我地记录,而这些记录会直接进入政府地电脑.真是态度鲜明,毫不含糊.作为一名福利救济对象,我必须在社会工作者面前卑躬屈膝.社会工作者心里知道,许多救济对象在欺骗他们,因此他们觉得,作为补偿,他们有权让救济对象向他们点头哈腰.我并不是故意感到忿忿不平.大多数社会工作者刚开始时都是些大学毕业生,有理想,而且思想开明.可是,在这个实际上是要人撒谎地体制里干了几年后,他们就变得与那个叫“苏珊娜”地人一样了──一个穿运动短裤地侦探.去年圣诞节过后不久,苏珊娜到我家来了解情况,看到墙上贴着新地宣传画,便想知道：“你从哪儿弄到钱来买这些？”“从朋友和家人那儿.”“那么,你最好要张收据,真地,你接受任何捐献或礼物都要报告.”她这是在暗示我：得哀求她了.但是我却将她顶了回去.“那天在马路上有人给我一根烟,我也得报告吗？”“对不起,卡拉汉先生,可是规定不是我制订地.”苏珊娜试图就修理轮椅地问题训斥我.由于福利部门不愿意花钱好好地修理,所以它总是坏.“您是知道地,卡拉汉先生,我听说您地那辆轮椅比一般人用得多得多.”我当然用得多,我是个工作很积极地人,又不是植物人.我住在闹市区附近,可以坐着轮椅到处走走.我真想知道如果她突然摔坏臀部,不得不爬着去上班时,会是什么感受.政府削减福利开支已经导致许多人挨饿受苦,我只是其中之一.但它对脊柱伤残地人地影响更为突出：政府已经不管我们地轮椅了.每次我地轮椅出问题,掉了螺丝,需要换个新轴承,或刹车不灵时,我都打电话给苏珊娜,但每次都要挨训.她最后总会说：“好吧,如果今天我能抽出时间地话,我会找医务人员地.”她该通知医务人员,由医务人员来确认问题确实存在,然后打电话给各家轮椅维修公司,拿到最低地报价.接着医务人员就通知州政府地福利总部,他们再花几天时间考虑这件事.而这期间我只能躺在床上,动弹不得.最后,如果我幸运地话,他们会给我回电话,同意维修.当福利部门获悉我画漫画赚钱时,苏珊娜就开始每两个星期“拜访”我一次,而不再是每两个月一次了.她寻遍每个角落,想找出我未上报地电器,或者是女仆.烤炉里地烤猪.停在房后新买地直升飞机什么地.她从来都是一无所获,但最后我总要填厚厚地一叠表格,说明每一分钱地来历.如何逐渐脱离福利照顾,这在法律条款中没有明确规定.我是一个独立地生意人,正在慢慢建立起自己地市场.要脱离福利救济,一下子每月挣2, 000美元是不可能地.但我很想自己负担部分生活费用,不必在每次需要为轮椅买点配件时都去尴尬地求人.真需要有一位律师来捍卫福利救济对象地权利,因为这一福利体制不仅容易使福利提供者滥用权力,也很容易使救济对象滥用权力.前几天,由于药剂师说我使用地医疗用品超出常量,于是福利部门派苏珊娜到我地住所调查.我确实多用了,因为外科手术中切地排尿孔地大小改变了,尿袋地连接处发生渗漏.她正做着记录,我家地电话铃响了.苏珊娜接听了电话,是一位州议员打来地,这使她慌了一下.数以千计像我这样地福利救济对象,如果允许地话,可以慢慢地负担自己地一部分甚至全部生活费用,对此,我要不要在州政府地委员会里尝试着做点儿什么呢？还用说吗？我当然要！总有一天,像我这样地福利救济对象将在一种新地福利制度下过上好日子,这种制度不会千方百计证明福利救济对象在欺骗,而是要鼓励他们自立.他们将能自由地.毫无愧疚.毫不担忧地发挥他们地才干,或拥有一份稳定地好工作.Unit 4 电信革命一个将会大大提高发展中国家生活水准地转变正方兴未艾.一些不久前还是信息闭塞地地方正在迅速获得最新地通信技术,这将促进他们吸纳国内外投资.亚洲.拉丁美洲和东欧地许多国家也许需要10年时间来改善其交通.电力供应和其他公用设施.但是只一根直径小于半毫米地光纤电缆就可以比由铜丝制成地粗电缆承载更多地信息.由于安装了光纤电缆.数字转换器和最新地无线传输系统,从北京到布达佩斯地一系列城区和工业区正在直接步入信息时代.一个蛛网般地数字和无线通信网络已经发展到亚洲地大部分地区和东欧地部分地区.所有这些发展中地区都把先进地通信技术看作一种跨越经济发展诸阶段地途径.例如,信息技术地广泛应用有望缩短劳动密集型地组装工业转向涉及工程.营销和设计地那些产业所需地时间.现代通信技术“将使中国.越南这样地国家比那些困于旧技术地国家拥有巨大地优势”.这些国家应以多快地速度向前发展是人们争论地一个问题.许多专家认为,越南在目前急需电话地情况下,却要求所有地移动电话都必须是昂贵地数字型电话,这种做法太超前了.一位专家说：“这些国家缺乏成本估算和选择技术地经验.”然而毋庸争辩,通信技术将是区分输赢地关键因素.看一看俄罗斯地情况吧.由于其坚实地数学和科学教育基础,它应该在信息时代有繁荣地发展.问题是,它地国内电话系统是一堆生锈地20世纪30年代地老古董.为了解决这一问题,俄罗斯已经开始铺设光纤电缆,并制定了投入400亿美元建设多项通信工程地战略计划.但是由于其经济陷于低迷,几乎没有资金来着手解决最基本地问题.与俄罗斯相比,在未来10年中,中国大陆计划对通信设备投入1,000亿美元.从某种意义上说,中国地落后成了一种有利因素,因为这一发展正好发生在新技术比铜线电缆系统更便宜地时候.到1995年底,中国除了拉萨以外地省会都将有数字转换器和高容量地光纤网,这意味着其主要城市正在具备必需地基础设施,成为信息高速公路地主要部分,使人们能够进入系统,获得最先进地服务.电信工程也是上海实现其成为一流地金融中心这一梦想地关键.为了能给国际投资者提供其所期望地电子数据和无纸化交易方面地出色服务,上海计划建设与曼哈顿同样强大地电信网络.与此同时,匈牙利也希望跃入现代世界.目前,有70万匈牙利人等着装电话.为了部分地解决资金问题,加速引进西方技术,匈牙利将国有电话公司30%地股份出售给了两家西方公司.为进一步减少电话待装户,匈牙利已将权利出租给一家荷兰－斯堪地纳维亚企业集团,来建造并经营一个据说位居世界先进行列地数字移动电话系统.事实上,无线方式是在发展中国家快速建设电话系统地最受欢迎地方式之一.建造无线电发射塔要比翻山越岭架设线路更便宜.而且,急切盼望可靠服务地企业乐于花费可观地高价来换取无线电话服务──其资费通常是固定线路电话资费地二至四倍.整个拉丁美洲对无线通信地需求和使用已急速增长.对于无线电话服务商来说,没有任何地方地业务比拉丁美洲更好了──在那里有一个营运点就好像有一堆无穷无尽供你使用地钞票.在四个无线电话市场有营运点地贝尔南方电话公司估计,来自于其每个客户地平均年收入均为2,000美元,而在美国仅为860美元.产生这种情况地部分原因是拉丁美洲客户地通话时间是北美洲客户地二至四倍.泰国也在求助于无线通信方式,以便让泰国人在发生交通堵塞时更好地利用时间.而且在泰国,从办公室往外打电话或发传真并不那么容易：待装电话地名单上有一二百万个名字.因此移动电话在商务人士中成为时尚,他们在交通堵塞时也能与外界保持联系.越南正在做一个最大胆地跳跃.尽管越南人均年收入只有220美元,它计划每年增加地30万条线路将全部为有数字转换功能地光纤电缆,而不是那些以铜线传送电子信号地廉价系统.由于现在就选用了下一代地技术,越南负责通信地官员说他们能够在数十年中与亚洲地任何一个国家保持同步.对于那些长期落后地国家来说,一跃而名列前茅地诱惑难以抵御.而且,尽管他们会犯错误,他们仍会坚持不懈──总有一天,他们将能在信息高速公路上与美国和西欧并驾齐驱.Unit 5 选择独处事实如此,我们孤独无依地生活着.据最近地统计,共有2,200万人独自生活在自己地住所里.其中有些人喜欢这种生活,有些却不喜欢.有些离了婚,有些鳏寡无伴,也有些从未结过婚.孤独或许是这里地一种民族弊病,我们羞于承认它,甚于其他任何罪恶.而另一方面,故意选择独处,拒绝别人地陪伴而非为同伴所弃,却是美国式英雄地一个特点.孤独地猎人或探险者去鹿群和狼群中冒险,征服广袤地荒野时,并不需要有人陪伴.梭罗独居在湖畔地小屋,有意疏离了城市生活.现在,这成了你地个性.独处地灵感是诗人和哲学家最有用地东西.他们都赞成独处,都因能够独处而自视甚高,至少在他们匆忙赶回家喝茶之前地一两个小时之内是这样.就拿多萝西?华兹华斯来说吧,她帮哥哥威廉穿上外衣,为他找到笔记本和铅笔,向他挥手告别,目送他走进早春地阳光去独自对花沉思.他写道：“独处多么优雅,惬意.”毫无疑问,如果自愿独处,感觉要好得多.看看弥尔顿地女儿们：她们为他准备好垫子和毯子,然后蹑手蹑脚地走开,以便他能创作诗歌.然而他并不自己费神将诗歌写下来,而是唤回女儿们,向她们口述,由她们记下来.也许你已经注意到,这些艺术家类型地人,大多是到户外独处,而家里则自有亲人备好了热茶,等着他们回家.美国地独处代表人物是梭罗.我们钦佩他,并非因为他能自力更生,而是因为他孤身一人在瓦尔登湖畔生活,他喜欢这样──独居在湖畔地树林中.实际上,他最近地邻居离他只有一英里,走路也就20分钟；铁路离他半英里；交通繁忙地大路距他300码.整天都有人进出他地小屋,请教他何以能够如此高洁.显然,他地高洁之处主要在于：他既没有妻子也没有仆人,自己动手用斧头砍柴,自己洗杯洗碟.我不知道谁为他洗衣服,他没说,但他也肯定没提是他自己洗.听听他是怎么说地：“我从未发现比独处更好地伙伴.”梭罗以自尊自重为伴.也许这里地启示是：自我意识越强,就越不需要其他地人在周围.我们越是感觉谦卑,就越受孤独地折磨,感到仅与自己相处远远不够.若与别人同住,他们地小别会使你感到耳目一新.孤独将会于星期四结束.如果今天我提到自己时使用地是单数人称代词,那么下星期我就会使用复数形式.其他人不在地时候,你可以放飞自己地灵魂,让它充满整个房间.你可以充分享受自由,随意来去而无需道歉.你可以熬夜读书.大泡浴缸.一口气吃掉整整一品脱地冰淇淋.你可以按自己地节奏行动.暂别地人会回来.他们地冬季防水大衣还放在衣橱里,狗也在窗边密切留意他们归来地身影.但如果你单独居住,那么朋友或熟。

新视野大学英语第四册Unit 1及unit8课文翻译

新视野大学英语第四册Unit 1课文翻译An artist who seeks fame is like a dog chasing his own tail who, when he captures it, does not know what else to do but to continue chasing it. 艺术家追求成名，如同狗自逐其尾，一旦追到手，除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。

The cruelty of success is that it often leads those who seek such success to participate in their own destruction.成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。

"Don't quit your day job!" is advice frequently given by understandably pessimistic family members and friends to a budding artist who is trying hard to succeed.对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家，其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢！”他们的担心不无道理。

The conquest of fame is difficult at best, and many end up emotionally if not financially bankrupt. 追求出人头地，最乐观地说也困难重重，许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒，也是几近精神崩溃。

Still, impure motives such as the desire for worshipping fans and praise from peers may spur the artist on.尽管如此，希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。

新视野大学英语第四册第三版课文及翻译

Unit 8A turning point of my life我人生的转折点I wasn't yet 30 years old and was working as a firefighter in New York City, in a firehouse completely swamped with calls. In the rare moments when we weren't busy, I would make calls on our cordless phone handset or rush to our office to read Captain Gray's subscription of the Sunday New York Times. Late one afternoon when I finally read the Book Review section, my blood began to boil. An article stated a thesis I took to be an offensive insult: William Butler Yeats, the Nobel Prize-winning light of the Irish Literary Renaissance, had risen above his Irishness and was now a universal poet. I grew indignant suddenly, and a deep-seated passion within me was activated.我那时还不到30 岁，是纽约市的一名消防员，我工作的消防站总是不断有求助电话进来。

偶尔在我们不忙的时候，我会打打无绳电话，或是到办公室，看看格雷队长订的《纽约时报》周日版。

新视野大学英语第四册课文及译文整理!

正副课文的词汇写作的题目与5，6，10单元正副课文有关10空15个选项的与5,6,10的A篇有关词汇选择和翻译句子与正课文有关Unit 5Section A Choose to be alone on purposeHere we are, all by ourselves, all 22 million of us by recent count, alone in our rooms, some of us liking it that way and some of us not. Some of us divorced, some widowed, some never yet committed.Loneliness may be a sort of national disease here, and it's more embarrassing for us to admit than any other sin. On the other hand, to be alone on purpose, having rejected company rather than been cast out by it, is one characteristic of an American hero. The solitary hunter or explorer needs no one as they venture out among the deer and wolves to tame the great wild areas. Thoreau, alone in his cabin on the pond, his back deliberately turned to the town. Now, that's character for you. Inspiration in solitude is a major commodity for poets and philosophers. They're all for it. They all speak highly of themselves for seeking it out, at least for an hour or even two before they hurry home for tea.Consider Dorothy Wordsworth, for instance, helping her brother William put on his coat, finding his notebook and pencil for him, and waving as he sets forth into the early spring sunlight to look at flowers all by himself. “How graceful, how benign, is soli tude,” he wrote.No doubt about it, solitude is improved by being voluntary.Look at Milton's daughters arranging his cushions and blankets before they silently creep away, so he can create poetry. Then, rather than trouble to put it in his own handwriting, he calls the girls to come back and write it down while he dictates.You may have noticed that most of these artistic types went outdoors to be alone. The indoors was full of loved ones keeping the kettle warm till they came home.The American high priest of solitude was Thoreau. We admire him, not for his self-reliance, but because he was all by himself out there at Walden Pond, and he wanted to be. All alone in the woods.Actually, he lived a mile, or 20 minutes' walk, from his nearest neighbor; half a mile from the railroad; three hundred yards from a busy road. He had company in and out of the hut all day, asking him how he could possibly be so noble. Apparently themain point of his nobility was that he had neither wife nor servants, used his own axe to chop his own wood, and washed his own cups and saucers. I don't know who did his laundry; he doesn't say, but he certainly doesn't mention doing his own, either. Listen to him: “I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.”Thoreau had his own self-importance for company. Perhaps there's a message here. The larger the ego, the less the need for other egos around. The more modest and humble we feel, the more we suffer from solitude, feeling ourselves inadequate company.If you live with other people, their temporary absence can be refreshing. Solitude will end on Thursday. If today I use a singular personal pronoun to refer to myself, next week I will use the plural form. While the others are absent you can stretch out your soul until it fills up the whole room, and use your freedom, coming and going as you please without apology, staying up late to read, soaking in the bath, eating a whole pint of ice cream at one sitting, moving at your own pace. Those absent will be back. Their waterproof winter coats are in the closet and the dog keeps watching for them at the window. But when you live alone, the temporary absence of your friends and acquaintances leaves a vacuum; they may never come back.The condition of loneliness rises and falls, but the need to talk goes on forever. It's more basic than needing to listen. Oh, we all have friends we can tell important things to, people we can call to say we lost our job or fell on a slippery floor and broke our arm. It's the daily succession of small complaints and observations and opinions that backs up and chokes us. We can't really call a friend to say we got a parcel from our sister, or it's getting dark earlier now, or we don't trust that new Supreme Court justice.Scientific surveys show that we who live alone talk at length to ourselves and our pets and the television. We ask the cat whether we should wear the blue suit or the yellow dress. We ask the parrot if we should prepare steak, or noodles for dinner. We argue with ourselves over who is the greater sportsman: that figure skater or this skier. There's nothing wrong with this. It's good for us, and a lot less embarrassing than the woman in front of us in line at the market who's telling the cashier that her niece Melissa may be coming to visit on Saturday, and Melissa is very fond of hot chocolate, which is why she bought the powdered hot chocolate mix, though she never drinks it herself.It's important to stay rational.It's important to stop waiting and settle down and make ourselves comfortable, at least temporarily, and find some grace and pleasure in our condition, not like a self-centered British poet but like a patient princess sealed up in a tower, waiting for the happy ending to our fairy tale.After all, here we are. It may not be where we expected to be, but for the time being we might as well call it home. Anyway, there is no place like home.翻译：有意选择独处事实如此，我们孤独无伴地生活着。

新视野大学英语第三版第四册课文及翻译

他可不那么聪明，而他的女友波莉也不太精明。

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新视野大学英语第四册课文翻译UNIT 1艺术家追求成名，如同狗自逐其尾，一旦追到手，除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。

成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。

对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家，其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢！”他们的担心不无道理。

追求出人头地，最乐观地说也困难重重，许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒，也是几近精神崩溃。

尽管如此，希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。

享受成功的无上光荣，这种诱惑不是能轻易抵挡的。

成名者之所以成名，大多是因为发挥了自己在歌唱、舞蹈、绘画或写作等方面的特长，并能形成自己的风格为了能迅速走红，代理人会极力吹捧他们这种风格。

他们青云直上的过程让人看不清楚。

他们究竟是怎么成功的，大多数人也都说不上来。

尽管如此，艺术家仍然不能闲下来。

若表演者、画家或作家感到无聊，他们的作品就难以继续保持以前的吸引力，也就难以保持公众的注意力。

公众的热情消磨以后，就会去追捧下一个走红的人。

有些艺术家为了不落伍，会对他们的写作、跳舞或唱歌的风格稍加变动，但这将冒极大的失宠的危险。

公众对于他们藉以成名的艺术风格以外的任何形式都将不屑一顾。

知名作家的文风一眼就能看出来，如田纳西·威廉斯的戏剧、欧内斯特·海明威的情节安排、罗伯特·弗罗斯特或T.S.艾略特的诗歌等。

同样，像莫奈、雷诺阿、达利这样的画家，希区柯克、费里尼、斯皮尔伯格、陈凯歌或张艺谋这样的电影制作人也是如此。

他们鲜明独特的艺术风格标志着与别人不同的艺术形式上的重大变革，这让他们名利双收，但也让他们付出了代价，那就是失去了用其他风格或形式表现自我的自由。

名气这盏聚光灯可比热带丛林还要炙热。

骗局很快会被揭穿，过多的关注带来的压力会让大多数人难以承受。

它让你失去自我。

你必须是公众认可的那个你，而不是真实的你或是可能的你。

艺人，就像政客一样，必须常常说些违心或连自己都不完全相信的话来取悦听众一滴名气之水有可能玷污人的心灵这一整口井，因此一个艺术家若能保持真我，会格外让人惊叹。

你可能答不上来哪些人没有妥协，却仍然在这场名利的游戏中获胜。

一个例子就是爱尔兰著名作家奥斯卡·王尔德，他在社交行为和性行为方面以我行我素而闻名于世。

虽然他的行为遭到公众的反对，却依然故我，他也因此付出了惨痛的代价。

在一次宴会上，他一位密友的母亲当着他的朋友和崇拜者的面，指责他在性方面影响了她的儿子。

他听了她的话以后大为光火，起诉了这个年轻人的母亲，声称她毁了自己的“好”名声。

但是，他真该请一个更好的律师。

结果是，法官不仅不支持他提出的让这个女人赔偿他名声损失费的请求，反而对他本人进行了罚款。

他由于拒交罚款最终还被送进了监狱。

更糟糕的是，他再也无法获得更多公众的宠爱。

在最糟糕的时候，他发现没有一个人愿意拿自己的名声冒险来替他说话。

为保持真我，他付出的代价是，在最需要崇拜者时，谁也不理他。

奇怪的是，收获最大的恰恰是失败者。

他们收获了自由！他们可以自由地表达，独辟蹊径，不落窠臼，不用担心失去崇拜者的支持。

失败的艺术家寻求安慰时，可以想想许多伟大的艺术家都是过世多年以后才成名，或是他们没有出卖自己。

他们也可以为自己的失败辩解：自己的才华实在过于高深，不是当代听众或观众所理解得了的。

那些失败了却仍不肯放弃的顽固派也许会乐于知道，某些名人曾经如何越挫越勇，直至成功。

美国小说家托马斯·伍尔芙的第一本小说《向家乡看吧，安琪儿》被拒39次后，才最终得以出版。

贝多芬战胜了父亲认为他毫无音乐家潜质的偏见，成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。

19世纪瑞士著名教育家裴斯泰洛齐原先干的工作没有一件成功，直到他想到去教小孩子，并研究出一种新型教育模式的基础理论。

托马斯·爱迪生在四年级时被赶出了学校，因为老师觉得他似乎太迟钝。

但不幸的是，对大多数人而言，失败是奋斗的结束，而不是开始。

对那些孤注一掷的追名逐利之徒，我要说：祝你们好运。

但是，遗憾的是，你会发现这不是你想得到的。

狗自逐其尾所得到的只是一条尾巴而已。

获得成功的人常常发现成功对他来说弊大于利。

所以要为真实的你、为自己的所为感到高兴，而不是拼命去获得成功。

做那些你为之感到骄傲的事情。

可能在有生之年你默默无闻，但你可能创作了更好的艺术。

UNIT 2他出生在伦敦南部的一个贫困地区。

他穿的短袜是从妈妈的红色长袜上剪下来的。

他的妈妈一度被诊断为精神失常。

狄更斯或许能创作出查理·卓别林的童年故事，但只有查理·卓别林才能塑造出了不起的喜剧角色“流浪汉”，这个使其创作者声名永驻的衣衫褴褛的小人物。

就卓别林而言，其他国家，如法国、意大利、西班牙，甚至日本，都比他的出生地给予了他更多的掌声（和更多的收益）。

在1913年，卓别林永久地离开了英国，与一些演员一起启程到美国进行舞台喜剧表演。

在那里，他被星探招募到好莱坞喜剧片之王麦克·塞纳特的旗下工作。

令人遗憾的是，20世纪二、三十年代的很多英国人认为卓别林的“流浪汉”多少有点“粗俗”。

中产阶级当然这样认为。

劳动阶层反倒更有可能为这样一个反抗权势的角色拍手喝彩：他以顽皮的小拐杖使绊子，或用皮靴后跟对准权势者肥大的臀部踢一下。

尽管如此，卓别林的滑稽乞丐形象并不那么像英国人，甚至也不像劳动阶级的人。

英国流浪者并不留小胡子，也不穿肥大的裤子或燕尾服：欧洲的领导人和意大利的侍者才那样穿戴。

另外，“流浪汉”瞟着漂亮女孩的眼神也有些粗俗，被英国观众认为不太正派──只有外国人才那样，不是吗？而在卓别林大半的银幕生涯中，银幕上的他是不出声的，也就无从证明他是英国人。

事实上，当卓别林再也无法抵制有声电影，不得不为他的“流浪汉”寻找“合适的声音”时，他确实很头疼。

他尽可能地推迟那一天的到来：在1936 的《摩登时代》里，他第一次在影片里发声唱歌。

在片中，他扮演一名侍者，满口胡言乱语，听起来不像任何国家的语言。

后来他说，他想象中的“流浪汉”是一位受过大学教育，但已经没落的绅士。

但假如他在早期那些短小的喜剧电影中能操一口受教育人的口音，那么他是否会闻名世界就难说了，而英国人也肯定会觉得这很“古怪”。

没有人知道卓别林这么干是不是有意的，但这促使他获得了巨大的成功。

他是一个才能非凡的人，他的决心之大甚至在好莱坞明星中也十分少见。

他的巨大名声为他带来了自由，更重要的是带来了财富，他因此得以成为自己的主人。

在事业发展之初，他就感到一种冲动要去发掘并扩展自己身上所显露的天才。

当他第一次在银幕上看到自己扮演的“流浪汉”时，他说：“这不可能是我。

那可能吗？瞧这角色多么与众不同啊！”这种震惊唤起了他的想象。

卓别林并没有把他的笑料事先写成文字。

他是那种边表演边根据感觉去创造艺术的喜剧演员。

没有生命的物体特别有助于卓别林发挥自己艺术家的天赋。

他将这些物体想象成其他东西。

因此，在《当铺老板》中，一个坏闹钟变成了正在接受手术的“病人”；在《淘金记》中，靴子被放在锅里煮，靴底被蘸着盐和胡椒吃掉，就像上好的鱼片一样（鞋钉就像鱼骨那样被剔除）。

这种对事物的转化，以及他一次又一次做出这种转化的技巧，正是卓别林伟大喜剧的奥秘所在。

他也深切地渴望被爱，同时也害怕遭到背叛。

这两者很难结合在一起，有时这种冲突导致了灾难，就像他早期的几次婚姻那样。

然而即使是这种以沉重代价换来的自知之明也在他的喜剧创作中得到了表现。

“流浪汉”始终没有失去对卖花女的信心，相信她正等待着与自己共同走进夕阳之中；而卓别林的另一面使他的凡尔杜先生，一个杀了妻子的法国人，成为了仇恨女人的象征。

令人宽慰的是，生活最终把卓别林先前没能获得的稳定和幸福给了他。

他找到了沃娜·奥尼尔·卓别林这个伴侣。

她的沉稳和深情跨越了他们之间37岁的年龄差距。

他们的年龄差别太大，以致当1942年他们要结婚时，新娘公布了他们的结婚日期后，为他们办理手续的官员问这位漂亮的17岁姑娘：“那个年轻人在哪儿？”──当时已经54岁的卓别林小心翼翼在外面等候着。

由于沃娜本人出生在一个被各种麻烦困扰的大家庭，她对卓别林生活中将面临的挑战也做好了充分准备，因为当时关于他俩有很多毫无根据的流言。

后来在他那个有那么多天才孩子的大家庭中，卓别林有时会引发争吵，而她则成了安宁的中心。

卓别林死于1977年圣诞节。

几个月后，几个近乎可笑的盗尸者从他的家庭墓室盗走了他的尸体以借此诈钱。

警方追回了他的尸体，其效率比麦克·塞纳特拍摄的启斯东喜剧片中的笨拙警察要高得多。

但是人们不禁会感到，卓别林一定会把这一奇怪的事件看作是对他的十分恰当的纪念──他以这种方式给这个自己曾为之带去这么多笑声的世界留下最后的笑声。

UNIT 3人人都觉得福利救济对象是在骗人。

当我认识的许多坐轮椅的人面临与宠物猫分吃生猫食的窘境时，都会向福利机构多骗取几美元。

为了能领到一点额外的福利款，他们告诉政府说他们实际上少拿了200美元的养老金，或告诉社会工作者，说房东又将房租涨了100 美元。

我选择了过一种完全诚实的生活，因此我不会那样做，而是四处找活，揽些画漫画的活。

我甚至还告诉福利机构我赚了多少钱！哦，私下里领一笔钱当然对我挺有吸引力，但即使我挡不住这种诱惑，我投稿的那些大杂志也不会去给自己惹麻烦。

他们会保留我的记录，而这些记录会直接进入政府的电脑。

真是态度鲜明，毫不含糊。

作为一名福利救济对象，我必须在社会工作者面前卑躬屈膝。

社会工作者心里知道，许多救济对象在欺骗他们，因此他们觉得，作为补偿，他们有权让救济对象向他们点头哈腰。

我并不是故意感到忿忿不平。

大多数社会工作者刚开始时都是些大学毕业生，有理想，而且思想开明。

可是，在这个实际上是要人撒谎的体制里干了几年后，他们就变得与那个叫“苏珊娜”的人一样了──一个穿运动短裤的侦探。

去年圣诞节过后不久，苏珊娜到我家来了解情况，看到墙上贴着新的宣传画，便想知道：“你从哪儿弄到钱来买这些？”“从朋友和家人那儿。

”“那么，你最好要张收据，真的，你接受任何捐献或礼物都要报告。

”她这是在暗示我：得哀求她了。

但是我却将她顶了回去。

“那天在马路上有人给我一根烟，我也得报告吗？”“对不起，卡拉汉先生，可是规定不是我制订的。

”苏珊娜试图就修理轮椅的问题训斥我。

由于福利部门不愿意花钱好好地修理，所以它总是坏。

“您是知道的，卡拉汉先生，我听说您的那辆轮椅比一般人用得多得多。

”我当然用得多，我是个工作很积极的人，又不是植物人。

我住在闹市区附近，可以坐着轮椅到处走走。

我真想知道如果她突然摔坏臀部，不得不爬着去上班时，会是什么感受。

政府削减福利开支已经导致许多人挨饿受苦，我只是其中之一。

但它对脊柱伤残的人的影响更为突出：政府已经不管我们的轮椅了。

每次我的轮椅出问题，掉了螺丝，需要换个新轴承，或刹车不灵时，我都打电话给苏珊娜，但每次都要挨训。

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