调任通督针法治疗卒中后失眠的临床效果

调任通督针法治疗卒中后失眠的临床效果

[摘要] 目的探讨调任通督法治疗卒中后失眠的临床效果。方法研究对象来源于2014年7月～2015年10月深圳市中医院住院部符合纳入标准和排除标准的卒中后失眠患者，共120例。采用随机数字表法将患者分为调任通督针刺组（治疗组）、常规针刺组（对照组A）和西药组（对照组B），每组各40例。在常规基础治疗的基础上，治疗组以百会、神庭、关元、气海、神门、三阴交为主穴进行针刺，对照组A予以常规神门、三阴交、四神聪针刺治疗，两组均每天治疗1次，每次留针30 min；对照组B每晚口服艾司唑仑1 mg，总疗程为4周。比较治疗前后、疗程结束后1、3个月患者睡眠质量、负性情绪、不良反应情况及治疗效果。结果治疗后，三组匹兹堡睡眠质量指数问卷（PSQI）、激惹、抑郁和焦虑自评量表（IDA）评分均较治疗前降低，差异有高度统计学意义（P 0.05）。结论通任调督针法作为一种不良反应少、效优的中医特色治疗，能够更大程度地改善脑卒中失眠患者睡眠质量、抑郁、焦虑、激惹状态，提升生存质量，促进病情恢复。

[关键词] 调任通督针法；针灸；脑卒中；失眠

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the clinical effects of techniques of needling in Ren and Du meridians for adjustment and smoothing for insomnia after stroke. Methods Total 120 patients with insomnia after stroke in accordance with include

and exclude， hospitalized in Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital from July 2014 to October 2015 were randomized into the regulating and unblocking acupuncture group （treatment group， n=40）， the traditional acupuncture group （control group A， n=40） and the western medicine group （control group B， n=40）. Based on the conventional treatment，40 cases of treatment group were treated with techniques of needling in Ren and Du meridians for adjustment and smoothing. Baihui， Shenting， Guanyuan， Qihai， Shenmen， Sanyinjiao were selected as the major points. The control group A was treated with acupuncture. Shenmen，Sanyinjiao，Sishencong were selected as the major points. Both groups treated once a day for 30 min. The control group B were treated with Estazolam once a day. The courses were 4 weeks. The scores of PSQI， IDA were evaluated before and after 4 weeks of the therapy， during follow-up at 1 and 3 months after therapy，the TESS and therapeutic effect were compared. Results After treatment， the scores of PSQI and IDA were lower in each group compared with before treatment， with statistically significant differences （P 0.05）. Conclusion Techniques of needling in Ren and Du meridians for adjustment and smoothing is a characteristic treatment which has good therapeutic effect， less side effects，

and it's useful in improvement for patients' prognosis and quality of life，which was obvious effects on relieving depression， anxiety， introversion on insomnia after stroke. [Key words] Techniques of needling in Ren and Du meridians for adjustment and smoothing； Acupuncture； Stroke； Insomnia 脑卒中后睡眠障碍是脑卒中的常见并发症，约95%卒中患者发病后出现睡眠障碍[1]，而失眠症又是睡眠障碍的主要表现形式。国外调查显示，有56.7%的缺血性脑卒中患者有失眠症状，37.5%符合失眠诊断标准[2]。国内调查显示，脑卒中患者中失眠者占50%以上，以老年人和妇女更严重[3]。脑卒中后睡眠障碍不仅对神经功能康复、生活质量造成严重影响，还会加重脑卒中危险因素，甚至诱发脑梗死或脑出血的再度发生[4-5]。目前西医治疗失眠症通常首选口服苯二氮■类药物、抗抑郁药或催眠药物，但长期应用此类药物易出现耐药性、依赖性、反跳性失眠和焦虑等不良反应，还可影响神经、心血管系统，产生戒断综合征和矛盾反应等。调任通督针刺法是依据任脉和督脉与脑的密切关系，以及任督二脉的循行特点和任督二脉统领全身脏腑阴阳、相互沟通等生理功能特点而设立的。前期有研究证实，针刺任督二脉可以促进神经细胞的再生和神经功能的修复，本课题在之前研究的基础上，继续探索调任通督针法治疗脑卒中后失眠的长期疗效，对于促进脑卒中患者的早日康复及减少患者的精神痛苦、减轻社会经济医疗负担有着重要的社会意义。

1 资料与方法