颈椎腰椎退行性疾病
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
颈椎退行性疾病
Cervical degenerative disease
颈椎病
Cervical spondylosis
颈椎管狭窄症 Cervical canal stenosis
颈椎间盘突出症 Cervical disc herniation
颈椎后纵韧带钙化 Ossification of cervical
颈椎间盘退变 经根受压
椎间盘突出
脊髓、神
病理 Pathology
Cervical disc degenertion pulposus:
fibrosas annulus rupture
a. extrusion
b. prolapse
pinch、nerve
c. sequestration
nucleus
临床表现 clinical finding
1.sympton and sign: 头颈痛,感觉,运动障碍,二便障 碍
2.CT、MRI:连续型,节段型,局灶型,混合型
治疗 treatment
1.conservative: traction physical therapy
2.surgical: anterior decompression and
a:颈椎矢状径:临界值 13mm b:Pavlov 比值: 颈椎管矢状径
颈椎体矢状径
4. CT、MRI
治疗 Treatment
Surgical treatment: 1. cervical canal decompression
canaloplasty
2.cervical
颈椎间盘突出症
cervical disc herniation
临床表现 clinical finding
1.sympton: necl pain should pain weakiness
2.examination: movement、sensation、 reflex
3.imagin examination: CT、MRI
治疗 treatment
1. conservative: traction,physical therapy
Sympton and sign
病理 Pathophysiology
颈椎间盘退变:a.蛋白多糖、髓核水分减少
纤维环
核突出
裂隙
髓
继发性病理变化
b.生物力学发生改变
后果:刺激、压迫神经、血管
症状
产生相关
临床表现 Clinical finding
1.神经根型 Cervical radiculopathy
posterior / ongitudina / ligament
颈椎病
Cervical spondylosis
颈椎间盘退变
压迫或刺激脊髓、神经、
血管、食管
症状和体征
Cervical disc degeneration compression of the spinal cord 、 nerve 、 vessels 、esophagus
b. 坐骨神经痛 sciatica
The lumbar nerve root syndrome
2. surgical: discectomy,decompression
fusion
intervertebral
颈后纵韧带骨化
Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament
Opll
compression of the spinal Cord fysfunction of the nerve
traction physical
2.手术治疗 surgical treatment
decoቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱpression fusion
颈椎管狭窄
cervical canal stenosis
颈椎管容积变小,压迫颈髓 状、体征
产生神经症
病理 Pathology
颈椎管狭窄:
1.原法性(Primary Stenosis):先天发育性 desplasia
类型 classification
1.膨出 bulge 2.突出 extrusion 3.脱突 prolapse 4.游离 sequestration
临床表现 Clinical finding
1.症状 symptom:
a.下腰痛 low back pain,
low back pain radiating into leg
神经根性症状、体征
障碍
2.脊髓型 Cervical myelopathy 脊髓受压或缺血
脊髓功能
临床表现 Clinical finding
3.椎动脉型 Vertebroarterial spondylosis
椎动脉受压或刺激
脉供血不全
椎-基底动
4.交感型 Sympathetic spondylosis
fusion posterior canaloplasty
腰椎退变性疾病 Lumbar degenerative disease
腰椎间盘突出症
Lumbar disc herniation
病因病理:Etiology pathology 1.外伤 injury 2.退变 degeneration
病理生理 pathophysiology
1.disc herniation
compression of nerve
low back pain leg pain
2.mechanism of pain: a mechanical compression
irritation
b chemical
c
autoimmunization
颈交感神经受刺激
影像学检查 imaging examination
1. X-ray 显示颈椎曲度,椎间隙变化 2. CT 显示颈椎管径,椎间盘突出及钙化 3. MRI 显示椎间盘信号,硬膜束间隙变化
治疗 Treatment
1.保守治疗 conserative treatment
therapy
2.继发性(secondary stenosis):退变性
degeneration
临床表现 Clinical finding
1.症状 sympton : 四肢麻木,乏力,活动不灵 2.检查 examination: 感觉、运动障碍,反射异常
临床表现 Clinical finding
3.
X-ray
Cervical degenerative disease
颈椎病
Cervical spondylosis
颈椎管狭窄症 Cervical canal stenosis
颈椎间盘突出症 Cervical disc herniation
颈椎后纵韧带钙化 Ossification of cervical
颈椎间盘退变 经根受压
椎间盘突出
脊髓、神
病理 Pathology
Cervical disc degenertion pulposus:
fibrosas annulus rupture
a. extrusion
b. prolapse
pinch、nerve
c. sequestration
nucleus
临床表现 clinical finding
1.sympton and sign: 头颈痛,感觉,运动障碍,二便障 碍
2.CT、MRI:连续型,节段型,局灶型,混合型
治疗 treatment
1.conservative: traction physical therapy
2.surgical: anterior decompression and
a:颈椎矢状径:临界值 13mm b:Pavlov 比值: 颈椎管矢状径
颈椎体矢状径
4. CT、MRI
治疗 Treatment
Surgical treatment: 1. cervical canal decompression
canaloplasty
2.cervical
颈椎间盘突出症
cervical disc herniation
临床表现 clinical finding
1.sympton: necl pain should pain weakiness
2.examination: movement、sensation、 reflex
3.imagin examination: CT、MRI
治疗 treatment
1. conservative: traction,physical therapy
Sympton and sign
病理 Pathophysiology
颈椎间盘退变:a.蛋白多糖、髓核水分减少
纤维环
核突出
裂隙
髓
继发性病理变化
b.生物力学发生改变
后果:刺激、压迫神经、血管
症状
产生相关
临床表现 Clinical finding
1.神经根型 Cervical radiculopathy
posterior / ongitudina / ligament
颈椎病
Cervical spondylosis
颈椎间盘退变
压迫或刺激脊髓、神经、
血管、食管
症状和体征
Cervical disc degeneration compression of the spinal cord 、 nerve 、 vessels 、esophagus
b. 坐骨神经痛 sciatica
The lumbar nerve root syndrome
2. surgical: discectomy,decompression
fusion
intervertebral
颈后纵韧带骨化
Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament
Opll
compression of the spinal Cord fysfunction of the nerve
traction physical
2.手术治疗 surgical treatment
decoቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱpression fusion
颈椎管狭窄
cervical canal stenosis
颈椎管容积变小,压迫颈髓 状、体征
产生神经症
病理 Pathology
颈椎管狭窄:
1.原法性(Primary Stenosis):先天发育性 desplasia
类型 classification
1.膨出 bulge 2.突出 extrusion 3.脱突 prolapse 4.游离 sequestration
临床表现 Clinical finding
1.症状 symptom:
a.下腰痛 low back pain,
low back pain radiating into leg
神经根性症状、体征
障碍
2.脊髓型 Cervical myelopathy 脊髓受压或缺血
脊髓功能
临床表现 Clinical finding
3.椎动脉型 Vertebroarterial spondylosis
椎动脉受压或刺激
脉供血不全
椎-基底动
4.交感型 Sympathetic spondylosis
fusion posterior canaloplasty
腰椎退变性疾病 Lumbar degenerative disease
腰椎间盘突出症
Lumbar disc herniation
病因病理:Etiology pathology 1.外伤 injury 2.退变 degeneration
病理生理 pathophysiology
1.disc herniation
compression of nerve
low back pain leg pain
2.mechanism of pain: a mechanical compression
irritation
b chemical
c
autoimmunization
颈交感神经受刺激
影像学检查 imaging examination
1. X-ray 显示颈椎曲度,椎间隙变化 2. CT 显示颈椎管径,椎间盘突出及钙化 3. MRI 显示椎间盘信号,硬膜束间隙变化
治疗 Treatment
1.保守治疗 conserative treatment
therapy
2.继发性(secondary stenosis):退变性
degeneration
临床表现 Clinical finding
1.症状 sympton : 四肢麻木,乏力,活动不灵 2.检查 examination: 感觉、运动障碍,反射异常
临床表现 Clinical finding
3.
X-ray