09全国高校俄语专业八级水平考试考卷和答案上

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09专八作文真题及参考答案

09专八作文真题及参考答案

09专八作文真题及参考答案Are Dialects Just as Acceptable in Public PlacesInstruction:Mandarin, or putonghua, is the standard service sector language in China. However lately some employees of a metropolis subway company start using dialects to cater to the requirements of people from different areas in order to render better service. Opponents sees the countering effects of such movement to the national policy of promoting mandarin across China. Write in 400 words your opinion and support your argument and bring youressay to a natural conclusion.作文参考范文China's State Administration of Radio Film and Television (SARFT) recently issued a notice banning domestic radio and TV stations from translating foreign radio and TV programmes into any local dialect. The notice said that such dialect translation contradicts the national initiative to promote Putonghua, or Mandarin, around the country. Foreign programmes that have been translated into dialects must be removed from television and radio immediately. The notice evoked a mixed response from experts and audio and video producers, as well as the general public. Many voiced their concerns that local dialects would be fornidden in public places. Mandarian, which means "common language", is the country's predominant language and is widely used by more than 70 percent of the population. However, local dialects still enjoy pupularity for relatively less-educated people in some occasions. The dialects do make unique role and should be tolerated for existence in public places.Though promoted widely in public places, dialects are acceptable in public places. First, it is more than a mere tool for communication. It is, most importantly, the messenger of its respective culture. If the dialect was eliminated from daily use, the culture will be broken. Second, Mandarian can absorb the elit part of local dialect to enrich its vovabulary and usuge. This is the perfection of Mandartian from thousands of years blend and contact. The dialects can also be popular in the public. Along with the famous short play by comic actors in NE China, the local dialect came into the splotlight, and enjoyed more pupulatity throughoutChina. Such a cultural phenomenon represents the audience an attitude to local dialects which cater to the taste of the majority. Third, dialectis the only mean of communication to some undereducated local people. If local dialects are fobbiden in the public places, they can not communicate.To sum up, local dialects should be tolerated in public places for its unique role which Mandarian can not substitute. We should guartee its survival because dialects stand for our spiritual land. From a long-term perspective, dialects should not and would not be wiped out. There is no need for any purposeful and deliberate attempt to protect dialects. Just let dialects take their natural course. The best way to protect a dialectis to use it in daily life and pass it down from generation to generation.。

2009年专八真题及答案

2009年专八真题及答案

2009年专八真题及答案(答案见47页)In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY, while listening, and take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.Writing Experimental ReportsI.Content of an experimental report, e.g.--- study subject/ area--- study purpose--- ____1____II.Presentation of an experimental report--- providing details--- regarding readers as _____2_____III.Structure of an experimental report--- feature: highly structured and ____3____--- sections and their content:INTRODUCTION ____4____; why you did itMETHOD how you did itRESULT what you found out____5____ what you think it showsIV. Sense of readership--- ____6____: reader is the marker--- ____7____: reader is an idealized, hypothetical, intelligent person with little knowledge of your study--- tasks to fulfill in an experimental report:? introduction to relevant area? necessary background information? development of clear arguments? definition of technical terms? precise description of data ____8____V. Demands and expectations in report writing--- early stage:? understanding of study subject/area and its implications? basic grasp of the report's format--- later stage:? ____9____ on research significance--- things to avoid in writing INTRODUCTION:? inadequate material? ____10____ of research justification for the studySECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer thequestions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.1. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. Toastmasters was originally set up to train speaking skills.B. Toastmasters only accepts prospective professional speakers.C. Toastmasters accepts members from the general public.D. Toastmasters is an exclusive club for professional speakers.2. The following are job benefits by joining Toastmasters EXCEPTA. becoming familiar with various means of communication.B. learning how to deliver messages in an organized way.C. becoming aware of audience expectations.D. learning how to get along with friends.3. Toastmasters' general approach to training can be summarized asA. practice plus overall training.B. practice plus lectures.C. practice plus voice training.D. practice plus speech writing.4. Toastmasters aims to train people to be all the following EXCEPTA. public speakers.B. grammar teachers.C. masters of ceremonies.D. evaluators5. The interview mainly focuses onA. the background information.B. the description of training courses.C. the requirements of public speaking.D. the overall personal growth.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer thequestions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Questions 6 and 7 are'based on the foUowing news. At the end of the news item, you will begiven 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.6. Which of the following is the main cause of global warming?A. Fossil fuel.B. Greenhouse gases.C. Increased dryness.D. Violent storm patterns.7. The news item implies that ______ in the last report.A. there were fewer studies doneB. there were fewer policy proposalsC. there was less agreementD. there were fewer objectivesQuestions 8 and 9 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will begiven 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.8. The cause of the Indian train accident wasA. terrorist sabotage.B. yet to be determined.C. lackof communications.D. bad weather.9. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. The accident occurred on a bridge.B. The accident occurred in New Delhi.C. There were about 600 casualties.D. Victims were rescued immediately.Question 10 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.10. What is the main message of the news item?A. Young people should seek careers advice.B. Careers service needs to be improved.C. Businesses are not getting talented people.D. Careers advice is not offered on the Intemet.PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions.Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.TEXT AWe had been wanting to expand our children's horizons by taking them to a place that was unlike anything we'd been exposed to during our travels in Europe and theUnited States. In thinking about what was possible from Geneva, where we are based, we decided on a trip toIstanbul, a two-hour plane ride from Zurich.We envisioned the trip as a prelude to more exotic ones, perhaps to New Delhi or Bangkok later this year, but thought our 11- and 13-year-olds needed a first step away from manicured boulevards and pristine monuments.What we didn't foresee was the reaction of friends, who warned that we were putting our children "in danger," referring vaguely, and most incorrectly, to disease, terrorism or just the unknown. To help us get acquainted with the peculiarities of Istanbul and to give our children a chance to choose what they were particularly interested in seeing, we bought an excellentguidebook and read it thoroughly before leaving.Friendly warnings didn't change our planning, although we might have more prudently checked with the U.S. State Department's list of troublespots. We didn't see a lot of children among the foreign visitors during our six-day stay in Istanbul, but we found the tourist areas quite safe, very interesting and varied enough even to suit our son, whose oft-repeated request is that we not see "every single" church and museum in a given city.Vaccinations weren't needed for the city, but we were concemed about adapting to the water for a short stay. So we used bottled water for drinking and brushing our teeth, a precaution that may seem excessive, but we all stayed healthy.Taking the advice of a friend, we booked a hotel a 20-minute walk from most of Istanbul's major tourist sites. This not only got us some morning exercise, strolling over the Karakoy Bridge, but took us past a colorful assortment of fishermen, vendors and shoe shiners.From a teenager and pre-teen's view, Istanbul street life is fascinating since almost everything can be bought outdoors. They were at a good age to spend time wandering the labyrinth of the Spice Bazaar, where shops display mounds of pungent herbs in sacks. Doing thiswith younger children would be harder simply because the streets are so packed with people; itwould be easy to get lost.For our two, whose buying experience consisted of department stores and shopping mall boutiques, it was amazing to discover that you could bargain over price and perhaps end up with two of something for the price of one. They also learned to figure out the relative value of the Turkish lira, not a small matter with its many zeros.Being exposed to Islam was an important part of our trip. Visiting the mosques, especially the enormous Blue Mosque, was our first glimpse into how this major religion is practiced. Our children's curiosity already had been piqued by the fivedaily calls to prayer over loudspeakers in every corner of the city, and the scarves covering the heads of many women.Navigating meals can be troublesome with children, but a kebab, bought on the street or in restaurants, was unfailingly popular. Since we had decided this trip was not for gourmets, kebabs spared us the agony of trying to find a restaurant each day that would suit the adults' desire to try something new amid children's insistence that the food be served immediately. Gradually, we branched out to try some other Turkish specialties.Although our son had studied Islam briefly, it is impossible to be prepared for every awkward question that might come up, such as during our visits to the Topkapi Sarayi, the Ottoman Sultans' palace. No guides were available so it was do-it-yourself, using our guidebook,which cheated us of a lot of interesting history and anecdotes that a professional guide could provide. Next time, we resolved to make such arrangements in advance.plex, with its imperial treasures, its courtyards and its harem. The last required a bit of explanation that we would have happily lef~to a learned third party.11. The couple chose Istanbul as their holiday destination mainly becauseA. the city is not too far away from where they lived.B. the city is not on the list of the U.S. State Department.C. the city is between the familiar and the exotic.D. the city is more familiar than exotic.12. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The family found the city was exactly what they had expected.B. Their friends were opposed to their holiday plan.C. They could have been more cautious about bringing kids along.D. They were a bit cautious about the quality of water in the city.13. We learn from the couple's shopping experience back home thatA. they were used to bargaining over price.B. they preferred to buy things outdoors.C. street markets were their favourite.D. they preferred fashion and brand names.14. The last two paragraphs suggest that to visit places of interest in IstanbulA. guidebooks are very useful.B. a professional guide is a must.C. one has to be prepared for questions.D. one has to make arrangements in advance15. The family have seen or visited all the following in Istanbul EXCEPTA. religious prayers.B. historical buildings.C. local-style markets.D. shopping mall boutiques.TEXT BLast month the first baby-boomers turned 60. The bulky generation born between 1946 and1964 is heading towards retirement. The looming "demographic cliff" will see vast numbers ofskilled workers dispatched from the labour force.The workforce is ageing across the rich world. Within the EU the number of workers aged between 50 and 64 will increase by 25% over the next two decades, while those aged 20-29 willdecrease by 20%. In Japan almost 20% of the population is already over 65, the highest share inthe world. And in the United States the number of workers aged 55-64 will have increased bymore than half in this decade, at the same time as the 35- to 44-year-olds decline by 10%.Given that most societies are geared to retirement at around 65, companies have a loomingproblem of knowledge management, of making sure that the boomers do not leave before theyhave handed over their expertise along with the office keys and their e-mail address. A survey ofhuman-resources directors by IBM last year concluded: "When the baby-boomer generationretires, many companies will find out too late that a career's worth of experience has walked outthe door, leaving insufficient talent to fill in the void."Some also face a shortage of expertise. In aerospace and defence, for example, as much as40% of the workforce in some companies will be eligible to retire within thenext five years. At the same time, the number of engineering graduates in developed countries is in steep decline.A few companies are so squeezed that they are already taking exceptional measures. Earlierthis year the Los Angeles Times interviewed an enterprising Australian who was staying inBeverly Hills while he tried to persuade locals to emigrate to Toowoomba, Queensland, to workfor his engineering company there. Toowoomba today; the rest of the developed world tomorrow?If you look hard enough, you can find companies that have begun to adapt the workplace to older workers. The AARP, an American association for the over-50s, produces an annual list ofthe best employers of its members. Health-care firms invariably come near the top because theyare one of the industries most in need of skilled labour. Other sectors similarly affected, says the Conference Board, include oil, gas, energy and government.Near the top of the AARP's latest list comes Deere & Company, a no-nonsenseindustrial-equipment manufacturer based in Illinois; about 35% of Deere's 46,000 employees areover 50 and a number of them are in their 70s. The tools it uses to achieve that –flexible working, telecommuting, and so forth - also coincidentaUy help older workers to extend their working lives. The company spends "a lot of time" on the ergonomics of its factories, making jobs there less tiring, which enables older workers to stay at them for longer.Likewise, for more than a decade, Toyota, arguably the world's most advanced manufacturer, has adapted its workstations to older workers. The shortage of skilled labour available to the automotive industry has made it unusually keen to recruit older workers. BMW recently set up a factory in Leipzig that expressly set out to employ people over the age of 45.Needs must when the devil drives.Other firms are polishing their alumni networks. IBM uses its network to recruit retired people for particular projects. Ernst & Young, a professional-services firm, has about 30,000 registered alumni, and about 25% of its "experienced" new recruits are former employees who return after an absence.But such examples are unusual. A survey in America last month by Ernst & Young found that "although corporate America foresees a significant workforce shortage as boomers retire, it is not dealing with the issue." Almost three-quarters of the 1,400 global companies questioned by Deloitte last year said they expected ashortage of salaried staff over the next three to five years. Yet few of them are looking to older workers to fill that shortage; and even fewer are looking to them to fill another gap that has already appeared. Many firms in Europe and America complain that they struggle to find qualified directors for their boards - this when the pool of retired talent from those very same firms is growing by leaps and bounds.Why are firms not working harder to keep old employees? Part of the reason is that the crunch has been beyond the horizon of most managers. Nor is hanging on to older workers the only way to cope with a falling supply of labour. The participation of developing countries in the world economy has increased the overall supply - whatever the local effect of demographics in the rich countries. A vast amount of work is being sent offshore to such places as China and India and more will go in future. Some countries, such as Australia, are relaxing their immigration policies to allow much needed skills to come in from abroad. Others will avoid the need for workers by spending money on machinery and automation.16. According to the passage, the most serious consequence of baby-boomers approachingretirement would beA. a loss of knowledge and experience to many companies.B. a decrease in the number of 35- to 44- year-olds.C. a continuous increase in the number of 50-to 64-year-olds.D. its impact on the developed world whose workforce is ageing.17. The following are all the measures that companies have adopted to cope with the ageingworkforce EXCEPTA. making places of work accommodate the needs of older workers.B. using alumni networks to hire retired former employees.C. encouraging former employees to work overseas.D. granting more convenience in working hours to older workers.18. "The company spends 'a lot of time' on the ergonomics of its factories" (Paragraph Seven)means thatA. the company attaches great importance to the layout of its factories.B. the company improves the working conditions in its factories.C. the company attempts to reduce production costs of its factories.D. the company intends to renovate its factories and update equipment.19. In the author's opinion American firms are not doing anything to deal with the issue of theageing workforce mainly becauseA. they have not been aware of the problem.B. they are reluctant to hire older workers.C. they are not sure of what they should do.D. they have other options to consider.20. Which of the following best describes the author's development of argument?A. introducing the issue---citing ways to deal with the issue---~describing the actualstatus---offering reasons.B. describing the actual status--- introducing the issue---citing ways to deal with theissue---offering reasons.C. citing ways to deal with the issue---introducing the issue----describing the actualstatus---offering reasons.D. describing the actual status--offering reasons---introducing the issue---citing ways todeal with the issue.TEXT C(1) The other problem that arises from the employment of women is that of the working wife.It has two aspects: that of the wife who is more of a success than her husband and that of the wife who must rely heavily on her husband for help with domestic tasks. There are various ways in which the impact of the first difficulty can be reduced. Provided that husband and wife are not in the same or directly comparable lines of work, the harsh fact of her greater success can be obscured by a genial conspiracy to reject a purely monetary measure of achievement as intolerably crude. Where there are ranks, it is best if the couple work in different fields so that the husband can find some special reason for the superiority of the lowest figure in his to the most elevated in his wife's.(2) A problem that affects a much larger number of working wives is the need to re-allocatedomestic tasks if there are children. In The Road to Wigan Pier George Orwell wrote of theunemployed of the Lancashire coalfields: "Practically never ... in a working-class home, will yousee the man doinga stroke of the housework. Unemployment has not changed this convention,which on the face of it seems a little unfair. The man is idle from morning to night but the woman is as busy as ever - more so, indeed, because she has to manage with less money. Yet so far as myexperience goes the women do not protest. They feel that a man would lose his manhood if, merely because he was out of work, he developed in a Mary Ann3) It is over the care of young children that this re-allocation of duties becomes reallysignificant. For this, unlike the cooking of fish fingers or the making of beds, is an inescapably time-consuming occupation, and time is what the fully employed wife has no more to spare of than her husband.(4) The male initiative in courtship is a pretty indiscriminate affair, something that is tried on with any remotely plausible woman who comes within range and, of course, with all degrees oftentativeness. What decides the issue of whether a genuine courtship is going to get under way is the woman's response. If she shows interest the engines ofpersuasion are set in movement. The truth is that in courtship society gives women the real power while pretending to give it to men.(5) What does seem clear is that the more men and women are together, at work and awayfrom it, the more the comprehensive amorousness of men towards women will have to go, despiteall its past evolutionary services. For it is this that makes inferiority at work abrasive and, more indirectly, makes domestic work seem unmanly, if there is to be an equalizing redistribution of economic and domestic tasks between men and women there must be a compensating redistribution of the erotic initiative. If women will no longer let us beat them they must allow us to join them as the blushing recipients of flowers and chocolates.21. Paragraph One advises the working wife who is more successful than her husband toA. work in the same sort of job as her husband.B. play down her success, making it sound unimportant.C. stress how much the family gains from her high salary.D. introduce more labour-saving machinery into the home.22. Orwell's picture of relations between man and wife in Wigan Pier (Paragraph Two) describes arelationship which the author of the passageA. thinks is the natural one.B. wishes to see preserved.C. believes is fair.D. is sure must change.23. Which of the following words is used literally, NOT metaphorically?A. Abrasive (Paragraph Five).B. Engines (Paragraph Four).C. Convention (Paragraph Two).D. Heavily (Paragraph One).24. The last paragraph stresses that if women are to hold important jobs, then they mustA. sometimes make the first advances in love.B. allow men to flirt with many women.C. stop accepting presents of flowers and chocolates.D. avoid making their husbands look like "Mary Anns".25. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the present form of courtship?A. Men are equally serious about courtship.B. Each man "makes passes" at many women.C. The woman's reaction decides the fate of courtship.D. The man leaves himself the opportunity to give up the chase quickly.TEXT DFrom Namche Bazaar, the Sherpa capital at 12,000 feet, the long line threaded south,dropping 2,000 feet to the valley floor, then trudged down the huge Sola-Khumbu canyon until itopened out to the lush but still daunting foothills of Central Nepal.It was here at Namche that one man broke rank and leaned north, slowly and arduouslyclimbing the steep walls of the natural amphitheater behind the scatter of stone huts, then pastKunde and Khumjong.Despite wearing a balaclava on his head, he had been frequently recognized by the Tibetans,and treated with the gravest deference and respect. Even among those who knew nothing abouthim, expressions of surprise lit up their dark, liquid eyes. He was a man not expected to be there.Not only was his stature substantially greater than that of the diminutive Tibetans, but itwas also obvious from his bearing - and his new broadcloak, which covered a much-too-tightarmy uniform - that he came from a markedly loftier station in life than did the average Tibetan.Among a people virtually bereft of possessions, he had fewer still, consisting solely of a rounded bundle about a foot in diameter slung securely by a cord over his shoulder. The material the bundle was wrapped in was of a rough Tibetan weave, which did not augur that the content wasof any greater value - except for the importance he seemed to ascribe to it, never for a momentreleasing his grip.His objective was a tiny huddle of buildings perched halfway up an enormous valley wallacross from him, atop a great wooded spur jutting out from thelower lap of the 22,493-foot AmaDablum, one of the most majestic mountains on earth. There was situated Tengboche, the mostfamous Buddhist monastery in the Himalayas, its setting unsurpassed for magnificenceanywhere on the planet.From the top of the spur, one's eyes sweep 12 miles up the stupendous Dudh Kosi canyonto the six-mile-long granite wall of cliff of Nuptse at its head. If Ama Dablum is the Gatekeeper,then the sheer cliff of Nuptse, never less than four miles high, is the Final Protector of the highest and mightiest of them all: Chomolongma, the Mother Goddess of the World, to the Tibetans; Sagarmatha, the Head of the Seas, to the Nepalese; and Everest to the rest of us. And over the great barrier of Nuptse She demurely peaks.It was late in the afternoon - when the great shadows cast by the colossal mountains weredescending into the deep valley floors - before he reached the crest of the spur and shuffled to a stop just past Tengboche's entrance gompa. His chest heaving in the rarefied air, he removed his hand from the bundle--the first time he had done so - and wiped grimy rivulets of sweat fromaround his eyes with the fingers of his mitted hand.His narrowed eyes took in the open sweep of the quiet grounds, the pagoda-like monasteryitself, and the stone buildings that tumbled down around it like a protective skirt. In the distance the magic light of the magic hour lit up the plume flying off Chomolongma's 29,029-foot-high crest like a bright, welcoming banner.His breathing calmed, he slowly, stiffly struggled forward and up the rough stone steps tothe monastery entrance. There he was greeted with a respectful nameste -"I recognize the divinein you" - from a tall, slim monk of about 35 years, who hastily set aside a twig broom he hadbeen using to sweep the flagstones of the inner courtyard. While he did so, the visitor noticedthat the monk was missing the small finger on his left hand. The stranger spoke a few formalwords in Tibetan, and then the two disappeared inside.Early the next morning the emissary - lightened of his load - appeared at the monasteryentrance, accompanied by the same monk and the elderly abbot. After a bow of his head, whichwas returned much more deeply by the two ocher-robed residents, he took his leave. The twosolemn monks watched, motionless, until he dipped over the ridge on which the monastery sat,and out of sight.Then, without a word, they turned and went back inside the monastery.26. Which of the following words in Paragraph One implies difficulty in walking?A. "threaded".B. "dropping".C. "trudged".D. "daunting".27. In the passage the contrast between the Tibetans and the man is indicated in all the followingaspects EXCEPTA. clothing.B. height.C. social status.D. personal belongings.28. It can be inferred from the passage that one can get ______ of the region from themonastery.A. a narrow viewB. a hazy viewC. a distant viewD. a panoramic view29. Which of the following details shows that the man became relaxed after he reached themonastery?A. "...he reached the crest of the spur and shuffled to a stop..."B. "...he removed his hand from the bundle..."C. "His narrowed eyes took in the open sweep of the quiet grounds..."D. "...he slowly, stiffly struggled forward and up the rough stone steps..."30. From how it is described in the passage the monastery seems to evokeA. a sense of awe.B. a sense of piety.C. a sense of fear.D. a sense of mystery.PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.Mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.31. The Head of State of New Zealand isA. the governor-general.B. the Prime Minister.C. the high commissioner.D. the monarch of the United Kingdom.32. The capital of Scotland isA. Glasgow.B. Edinburgh.C. Manchester.D. London.33. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence and later became the U.S. President?A. Thomas Jefferson.B. George Washington.C. Thomas Paine.D. John Adams.34. Which of the following cities is located on the eastern coast of Australia?A. Perth.B. Adelaide.C. Sydney.D. Melbourne.35. Ode to the West Windwas written byA. William Blake.B. William Wordsworth.C. Samuel Taylor Coleridge.D. Percy B. Shelley.36. Who among the following is a poet of free verse?A. Ralph Waldo Emerson.B. Walt Whitman.。

《全国高校俄语专业八级水平测试真题精解(2003--2013)》简介

《全国高校俄语专业八级水平测试真题精解(2003--2013)》简介
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09年专八真题及答案

09年专八真题及答案

PART 2 READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)TEXT AWe had been wanting to expand our children's horizons by taking them to a place that was unlike anything we'd been exposed to during our travels in Europe and the United States. In thinking about what was possible from Geneva, where we are based, we decided on a trip to Istanbul, a two-hour plane ride from Zurich.We envisioned the trip as a prelude to more exotic ones, perhaps to New Delhi or Bangkok later this year, but thought our 11- and 13-year-olds needed a first step away from manicured boulevards and pristine monuments.What we didn't foresee was the reaction of friends, who warned that we were putting our children "in danger," referring vaguely, and most incorrectly, to disease, terrorism or just the unknown. To help us get acquainted with the peculiarities of Istanbul and to give our children a chance to choose what they were particularly interested in seeing, we bought an excellent guidebook and read it thoroughly before leaving.Friendly warnings didn't change our planning, although we might have more prudently checked with the U.S. State Department's list of troublespots. We didn't see a lot of children among the foreign visitors during our six-day stay in Istanbul, but we found the tourist areas quite safe, very interesting and varied enough even to suit our son, whose oft-repeated request is that we not see "every single" church and museum in a given city.Vaccinations weren't needed for the city, but we were concemed about adapting to the water for a short stay. So we used bottled water for drinking and brushing our teeth, a precaution that may seem excessive, but we all stayed healthy.Taking the advice of a friend, we booked a hotel a 20-minute walk from most of Istanbul's major tourist sites. This not only got us some morning exercise, strolling over the Karakoy Bridge, but took us past a colorful assortment of fishermen, vendors and shoe shiners.From a teenager and pre-teen's view, Istanbul street life is fascinating since almost everything can be bought outdoors. They were at a good age to spend time wandering the labyrinth of the Spice Bazaar, where shops display mounds of pungent herbs in sacks. Doing this with younger children would be harder simply because the streets are so packed with people; it would be easy to get lost.For our two, whose buying experience consisted of department stores and shopping mall boutiques, it was amazing to discover that you could bargain over price and perhaps end up with two of something for the price of one. They also learned to figure out the relative value of the Turkish lira, not a small matter with its many zeros.Being exposed to Islam was an important part of our trip. Visiting the mosques, especially the enormous Blue Mosque, was our first glimpse into how this major religion is practiced. Our children's curiosity already had been piqued by the five daily calls to prayer over loudspeakers in every corner of the city, and the scarves covering the heads of many women.Navigating meals can be troublesome with children, but a kebab, bought on thestreet or in restaurants, was unfailingly popular. Since we had decided this trip was not for gourmets, kebabs spared us the agony of trying to find a restaurant each day that would suit the adults' desire to try something new amid children's insistence that the food be served immediately. Gradually, we branched out to try some other Turkish specialties.Although our son had studied Islam briefly, it is impossible to be prepared for every awkward question that might come up, such as during our visits to the Topkapi Sarayi, the Ottoman Sultans' palace. No guides were available so it was do-it-yourself, using our guidebook,which cheated us of a lot of interesting history and anecdotes that a professional guide could provide. Next time, we resolved to make such arrangements in advance.On this trip, we wandered through the magnificent complex, with its imperial treasures, its courtyards and its harem. The last required a bit of explanation that we would have happily lef~to a learned third party.11. The couple chose Istanbul as their holiday destination mainly becauseA. the city is not too far away from where they lived.B. the city is not on the list of the U.S. State Department.C. the city is between the familiar and the exotic.D. the city is more familiar than exotic.12. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The family found the city was exactly what they had expected.B. Their friends were opposed to their holiday plan.C. They could have been more cautious about bringing kids along.D. They were a bit cautious about the quality of water in the city.13. We learn from the couple's shopping experience back home thatA. they were used to bargaining over price.B. they preferred to buy things outdoors.C. street markets were their favourite.D. they preferred fashion and brand names.14. The last two paragraphs suggest that to visit places of interest in IstanbulA. guidebooks are very useful.B. a professional guide is a must.C. one has to be prepared for questions.D. one has to make arrangements in advance.15. The family have seen or visited all the following in Istanbul EXCEPTA. religious prayers.B. historical buildings.C. local-style markets.D. shopping mall boutiques.TEXT BLast month the first baby-boomers turned 60. The bulky generation born between 1946 and 1964 is heading towards retirement. The looming "demographic cliff" will see vast numbers of skilled workers dispatched from the labour force.The workforce is ageing across the rich world. Within the EU the number ofworkers aged between 50 and 64 will increase by 25% over the next two decades, while those aged 20-29 will decrease by 20%. In Japan almost 20% of the population is already over 65, the highest share in the world. And in the United States the number of workers aged 55-64 will have increased by more than half in this decade, at the same time as the 35- to 44-year-olds decline by 10%.Given that most societies are geared to retirement at around 65, companies have a looming problem of knowledge management, of making sure that the boomers do not leave before they have handed over their expertise along with the office keys and their e-mail address. A survey of human-resources directors by IBM last year concluded: "When the baby-boomer generation retires, many companies will find out too late that a career's worth of experience has walked out the door, leaving insufficient talent to fill in the void."Some also face a shortage of expertise. In aerospace and defence, for example, as much as 40% of the workforce in some companies will be eligible to retire within the next five years. At the same time, the number of engineering graduates in developed countries is in steep decline.A few companies are so squeezed that they are already taking exceptional measures. Earlier this year the Los Angeles Times interviewed an enterprising Australian who was staying in Beverly Hills while he tried to persuade locals to emigrate to Toowoomba, Queensland, to work for his engineering company there. Toowoomba today; the rest of the developed world tomorrow?If you look hard enough, you can find companies that have begun to adapt the workplace to older workers. The AARP, an American association for the over-50s, produces an annual list of the best employers of its members. Health-care firms invariably come near the top because they are one of the industries most in need of skilled labour. Other sectors similarly affected, says the Conference Board, include oil, gas, energy and government.Near the top of the AARP's latest list comes Deere & Company, a no-nonsense industrial-equipment manufacturer based in Illinois; about 35% of Deere's 46,000 employees are over 50 and a number of them are in their 70s. The tools it uses to achieve that –flexible working, telecommuting, and so forth - also coincidentaUy help older workers to extend their working lives. The company spends "a lot of time" on the ergonomics of its factories, making jobs there less tiring, which enables older workers to stay at them for longer.Likewise, for more than a decade, Toyota, arguably the world's most advanced manufacturer, has adapted its workstations to older workers. The shortage of skilled labour available to the automotive industry has made it unusually keen to recruit older workers. BMW recently set up a factory in Leipzig that expressly set out to employ people over the age of 45. Needs must when the devil drives.Other firms are polishing their alumni networks. IBM uses its network to recruit retired people for particular projects. Ernst & Young, a professional-services firm, has about 30,000 registered alumni, and about 25% of its "experienced" new recruits are former employees who return after an absence.But such examples are unusual. A survey in America last month by Ernst &Young found that "although corporate America foresees a significant workforce shortage as boomers retire, it is not dealing with the issue." Almost three-quarters of the 1,400 global companies questioned by Deloitte last year said they expected a shortage of salaried staff over the next three to five years. Yet few of them are looking to older workers to fill that shortage; and even fewer are looking to them to fill another gap that has already appeared. Many firms in Europe and America complain that they struggle to find qualified directors for their boards - this when the pool of retired talent from those very same firms is growing by leaps and bounds.Why are firms not working harder to keep old employees? Part of the reason is that the crunch has been beyond the horizon of most managers. Nor is hanging on to older workers the only way to cope with a falling supply of labour. The participation of developing countries in the world economy has increased the overall supply - whatever the local effect of demographics in the rich countries. A vast amount of work is being sent offshore to such places as China and India and more will go in future. Some countries, such as Australia, are relaxing their immigration policies to allow much needed skills to come in from abroad. Others will avoid theneed for workers by spending money on machinery and automation.16. According to the passage, the most serious consequence of baby-boomers approaching retirement would beA. a loss of knowledge and experience to many companies.B. a decrease in the number of 35- to 44- year-olds.C. a continuous increase in the number of 50-to 64-year-olds.D. its impact on the developed world whose workforce is ageing.17. The following are all the measures that companies have adopted to cope with the ageing workforce EXCEPTA. making places of work accommodate the needs of older workers.B. using alumni networks to hire retired former employees.C. encouraging former employees to work overseas.D. granting more convenience in working hours to older workers.18. "The company spends 'a lot of time' on the ergonomics of its factories" (Paragraph Seven) means thatA. the company attaches great importance to the layout of its factories.B. the company improves the working conditions in its factories.C. the company attempts to reduce production costs of its factories.D. the company intends to renovate its factories and update equipment.19. In the author's opinion American firms are not doing anything to deal with the issue of the ageing workforce mainly becauseA. they have not been aware of the problem.B. they are reluctant to hire older workers.C. they are not sure of what they should do.D. they have other options to consider.20. Which of the following best describes the author's development of argument?A. introducing the issue---citing ways to deal with the issue---~describing the actualstatus---offering reasons.B. describing the actual status--- introducing the issue---citing ways to deal with the issue---offering reasons.C. citing ways to deal with the issue---introducing the issue----describing the actual status---offering reasons.D. describing the actual status--offering reasons---introducing the issue---citing ways to deal with the issue.TEXT C(1) The other problem that arises from the employment of women is that of the working wife. It has two aspects: that of the wife who is more of a success than her husband and that of the wife who must rely heavily on her husband for help with domestic tasks. There are various ways in which the impact of the first difficulty can be reduced. Provided that husband and wife are not in the same or directly comparable lines of work, the harsh fact of her greater success can be obscured by a genial conspiracy to reject a purely monetary measure of achievement as intolerably crude. Where there are ranks, it is best if the couple work in different fields so that the husband can find some special reason for the superiority of the lowest figure in his to the most elevated in his wife's.(2) A problem that affects a much larger number of working wives is the need to re-allocate domestic tasks if there are children. In The Road to Wigan Pier George Orwell wrote of the unemployed of the Lancashire coalfields: "Practically never ... in a working-class home, will you see the man doing a stroke of the housework. Unemployment has not changed this convention, which on the face of it seems a little unfair. The man is idle from morning to night but the woman is as busy as ever - more so, indeed, because she has to manage with less money. Yet so far as myexperience goes the women do not protest. They feel that a man would lose his manhood if, merely because he was out of work, he developed in a 'Mary Ann'."(3) It is over the care of young children that this re-allocation of duties becomes really significant. For this, unlike the cooking of fish fingers or the making of beds, is an inescapably time-consuming occupation, and time is what the fully employed wife has no more to spare of than her husband.(4) The male initiative in courtship is a pretty indiscriminate affair, something that is tried on with any remotely plausible woman who comes within range and, of course, with all degrees of tentativeness. What decides the issue of whether a genuine courtship is going to get under way is the woman's response. If she shows interest the engines of persuasion are set in movement. The truth is that in courtship society gives women the real power while pretending to give it to men.(5) What does seem clear is that the more men and women are together, at work and away from it, the more the comprehensive amorousness of men towards women will have to go, despite all its past evolutionary services. For it is this that makes inferiority at work abrasive and, more indirectly, makes domestic work seem unmanly, if there is to be an equalizing redistribution of economic and domestic tasks between men and women there must be a compensating redistribution of the erotic initiative. If women will no longer let us beat them they must allow us to join them asthe blushing recipients of flowers and chocolates.21. Paragraph One advises the working wife who is more successful than her husband toA. work in the same sort of job as her husband.B. play down her success, making it sound unimportant.C. stress how much the family gains from her high salary.D. introduce more labour-saving machinery into the home.22. Orwell's picture of relations between man and wife in Wigan Pier (Paragraph Two) describes a relationship which the author of the passageA. thinks is the natural one.B. wishes to see preserved.C. believes is fair.D. is sure must change.23. Which of the following words is used literally, NOT metaphorically?A. Abrasive (Paragraph Five).B. Engines (Paragraph Four).C. Convention (Paragraph Two).D. Heavily (Paragraph One).24. The last paragraph stresses that if women are to hold important jobs, then they mustA. sometimes make the first advances in love.B. allow men to flirt with many women.C. stop accepting presents of flowers and chocolates.D. avoid making their husbands look like "Mary Anns".25. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the present form of courtship?A. Men are equally serious about courtship.B. Each man "makes passes" at many women.C. The woman's reaction decides the fate of courtship.D. The man leaves himself the opportunity to give up the chase quickly.TEXT DFrom Namche Bazaar, the Sherpa capital at 12,000 feet, the long line threaded south,dropping 2,000 feet to the valley floor, then trudged down the huge Sola-Khumbu canyon until it opened out to the lush but still daunting foothills of Central Nepal.It was here at Namche that one man broke rank and leaned north, slowly and arduously climbing the steep walls of the natural amphitheater behind the scatter of stone huts, then past Kunde and Khumjong.Despite wearing a balaclava on his head, he had been frequently recognized by the Tibetans, and treated with the gravest deference and respect. Even among those who knew nothing about him, expressions of surprise lit up their dark, liquid eyes. He was a man not expected to be there.Not only was his stature substantially greater than that of the diminutive Tibetans, but it was also obvious from his bearing - and his new broadcloak, whichcovered a much-too-tight army uniform - that he came from a markedly loftier station in life than did the average Tibetan. Among a people virtually bereft of possessions, he had fewer still, consisting solely of a rounded bundle about a foot in diameter slung securely by a cord over his shoulder. The material the bundle was wrapped in was of a rough Tibetan weave, which did not augur that the content was of any greater value - except for the importance he seemed to ascribe to it, never for a moment releasing his grip.His objective was a tiny huddle of buildings perched halfway up an enormous valley wall across from him, atop a great wooded spur jutting out from the lower lap of the 22,493-foot AmaDablum, one of the most majestic mountains on earth. There was situated Tengboche, the most famous Buddhist monastery in the Himalayas, its setting unsurpassed for magnificence anywhere on the planet.From the top of the spur, one's eyes sweep 12 miles up the stupendous Dudh Kosi canyon to the six-mile-long granite wall of cliff of Nuptse at its head. If Ama Dablum is the Gatekeeper,then the sheer cliff of Nuptse, never less than four miles high, is the Final Protector of the highest and mightiest of them all: Chomolongma, the Mother Goddess of the World, to the Tibetans; Sagarmatha, the Head of the Seas, to the Nepalese; and Everest to the rest of us. And over the great barrier of Nuptse She demurely peaks.It was late in the afternoon - when the great shadows cast by the colossal mountains were descending into the deep valley floors - before he reached the crest of the spur and shuffled to a stop just past Tengboche's entrance gompa. His chest heaving in the rarefied air, he removed his hand from the bundle--the first time he had done so - and wiped grimy rivulets of sweat from around his eyes with the fingers of his mitted hand.His narrowed eyes took in the open sweep of the quiet grounds, the pagoda-like monastery itself, and the stone buildings that tumbled down around it like a protective skirt. In the distance the magic light of the magic hour lit up the plume flying off Chomolongma's 29,029-foot-high crest like a bright, welcoming banner.His breathing calmed, he slowly, stiffly struggled forward and up the rough stone steps to the monastery entrance. There he was greeted with a respectful nameste -"I recognize the divine in you" - from a tall, slim monk of about 35 years, who hastily set aside a twig broom he had been using to sweep the flagstones of the inner courtyard. While he did so, the visitor noticed that the monk was missing the small finger on his left hand. The stranger spoke a few formal words in Tibetan, and then the two disappeared inside.Early the next morning the emissary - lightened of his load - appeared at the monastery entrance, accompanied by the same monk and the elderly abbot. After a bow of his head, which was returned much more deeply by the two ocher-robed residents, he took his leave. The two solemn monks watched, motionless, until he dipped over the ridge on which the monastery sat, and out of sight.Then, without a word, they turned and went back inside the monastery.26. Which of the following words in Paragraph One implies difficulty in walking?A. "threaded".B. "dropping".C. "trudged".D. "daunting".27. In the passage the contrast between the Tibetans and the man is indicated in all the following aspects EXCEPTA. clothing.B. height.C. social statusD. personal belongings.28. It can be inferred from the passage that one can get ______ of the region from the monastery.A. a narrow viewB. a hazy viewC. a distant viewD. a panoramic view29. Which of the following details shows that the man became relaxed after he reached the monastery?A. "...he reached the crest of the spur and shuffled to a stop..."B. "...he removed his hand from the bundle..."C. "His narrowed eyes took in the open sweep of the quiet grounds..."D. "...he slowly, stiffly struggled forward and up the rough stone steps..."30. From how it is described in the passage the monastery seems to evokeA. a sense of awe.B. a sense of piety.C. a sense of fear.D. a sense of mystery.PART Ⅱ GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)31. The Head of State of New Zealand isA. the governor-general.B. the Prime Minister.C. the high commissioner.D. the monarch of the United Kingdom.32. The capital of Scotland isA. Glasgow.B. Edinburgh.C. Manchester.D. London.33. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence and later became the U.S. President?A. Thomas Jefferson.B. George Washington.C. Thomas Paine.D. John Adams.34. Which of the following cities is located on the eastern coast of Australia?A. Perth.B. Adelaide.C. Sydney.D. Melbourne.35. Ode to the West Windwas written byA. William Blake.B. William Wordsworth.C. Samuel Taylor Coleridge.D. Percy B. Shelley.36. Who among the following is a poet of free verse?A. Ralph Waldo Emerson.B. Walt Whitman.C. Herman MelvilleD. Theodore Dreiser.37. The novel Sons and Lovers was written byA. Thomas Hardy.B. John Galsworthy.C.D.H. Lawrence.D. James Joyce.38. The study of the mental processes of language comprehension and production isA. corpus linguistics.B. sociolinguistics.C. theoretical linguistics.D. psycholinguistics.39. A special language variety that mixes languages and is used by speakers of different languages for purposes of trading is calledA. dialect.B. idiolect.C. pidgin.D. register.40. When a speaker expresses his intention of speaking, such as asking someone to open the window, he is performingA. an illocutionary act.B. a perlocutionary act.C. a locutionary act.D. none of the above.PART Ⅲ PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN)Proofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET TWO as instructed.When ∧art museum wants a new exhibit, (1)_______ it never buys things in finished form and hangs (2)_______ them on the wall. When a natural history museum wants an exhibition, it must often build i. (3)_______ The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passes from one schoolchild to the next and illustrates the further difference ____1____ between school lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a verse, learnt in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the little listener ____2____ has grown up, and has children of their own, or even grandchildren. ____3_____ The period between learning a nursery rhyme and transmitting it may be something from 20 to 70 years. With the playground ____4____ lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed on within the very hour ____5____ it is learnt; and, in the general, it passes between children of the ____6____ same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommon for the differnce in age between playmates to be more than five years. If, therefore, a playground rhyme can be shown to have been currently for a hundred years, or ____7____ even just for fifty, it follows that it has been retransmitted over and over, very possibly it has passed along a chain of two or three ____8____ hundred young hearers and tellers, and the wonder is that it remains live ____9____ after so much handling, to let alone that it bears resemblance to the ____10____ original wording.PART Ⅳ TRANSLATION (60 MIN)SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH我想不起来哪一个熟人没有手机。

俄语专业八级考试历年综合知识语法真题精选1_真题(含答案与解析)-交互

俄语专业八级考试历年综合知识语法真题精选1_真题(含答案与解析)-交互

俄语专业八级考试历年综合知识(语法)真题精选1(总分80, 做题时间150分钟)综合知识1.(2005)Квартира у меня на 15-ом этаже, иокна выходят на юг, поэтому и вспальне, и в кабинете всегдамного________.SSS_SINGLE_SELAсолнцаBсолнцеCсолнцDсолнцу分值: 1答案:A本题主要考查的是名词солнце的意义和变格。

不定量数词много要求名词变二格,很显然,答案В 和答案D是最先被排除掉的。

名词солнце在本题中的意义为“阳光”,属物质名词,不能用复数形式,与不定量数词много连用,只能变单数二格,故只有答案А 为正解。

译文:我的房子在十五层,且窗户都朝南,所以卧室和书房总是阳光充足。

2.(2005) Вода озера________славится своейкристальной чистотой ипрозрачностью.SSS_SINGLE_SELAБайкалаBБайкалC«Байкала»D«Байкал»分值: 1答案:B本题主要考查的是名词中同位语的用法。

同位语中表示各种事物名称的是专有名词,首字母要大写,除了地理名词以外,都放在引号中,故答案С和答案D 首先被排除掉。

表示地理名称的同位语中,有的与被说明词一起变格,有的则不变,而本题中的同位语Байкал就是不与被说明的名词озеро—同变二格的,所以只能选择答案В。

译文:贝加尔湖的湖水以其纯净透明而著称。

3.(2009) Я умею водить машину, но мнебольше нравится ездить________.SSS_SINGLE_SELAпо пассажируBпассажирCпассажировDна пассажире分值: 1答案:C本题主要考查的是名词五格与动词搭配在句中作行为方式方法状语的用法。

全国高校俄语八级水平测试试卷及答案

全国高校俄语八级水平测试试卷及答案

【百度⽂库 - 俄语国家⽔平考试试题】31.Общее потребление соли, включая соль, ________ в продуктах, не должно превышать 6 граммов в сутки.А) содержащуюсяВ) содержавшуюсяС) содержаннуюD) содержащую本题中考点是形动词的⽤法,要分清主动和被动。

Содержаться 有含在其中的意思。

即有⼩成份含在⼤物件中的意思。

⽽содержать в себе与 включать в себе同义,是包含,即⼤包含⼩。

所以⾷物中的盐本题。

32.Новый метод помог увеличить производительность труда ________ 50 раз.А) более чемВ) более вС) более чем вD) более на本题考点是более 和более чем 的区别,前者是⽐较级,要加名词或数词⼆格,表⽰⽐什么多,⽽如果有前置词则⽤后者。

在07年考题中有⼀个同类型题⽬。

33.В таких зданиях свет льется со всех сторон, ________ нет ни стен, ни потолка.А) какВ) так чтоС) так какD) как будто本题考点是结果,原因,⽐较从句的⽤法。

题⽬的意思是在这样的房⼦⾥阳光从各个⽅向都能射进来。

就像没有墙没有房顶⼀样。

⽽选项⼀是和实现相符的⽐较。

34.Ему нужно было сдавать вступительные экзамены в университет, ________ он и приехал в город.А) зачемВ) когдаС) чтоD) благодаря чему本题考点是接续从句,就是由что 或者带前置词的其他格引导的从句,⽤来代指整个主句内容,也可以⽤зачем.почему.отчего表⽰⽬的原因和结果的意义。

初二俄语考试题及答案

初二俄语考试题及答案

初二俄语考试题及答案一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1.下列哪个单词的重音位置不正确?A. учитель(教师)B. учить(教授)C. книга(书)D. день(天)答案:B2.下列哪个单词的复数形式不正确?A. дети(孩子们)B. книги(书)C. дома(家)D. ученики(学生)答案:C3.下列哪个句子的动词时态不正确?A. Я люблю читать книги.(我喜欢读书)B. Мы учимся в школе.(我们在学校学习)C. Он был в Москве.(他去过莫斯科)D. Она пошла в кино.(她去看电影)答案:C4.下列哪个单词的性别不正确?A. мальчик(男孩)B. девочка(女孩)C. врач(医生)D. учительница(女教师)答案:C5.下列哪个单词的格形式不正确?A. в школе(在学校)B. на уроке(在课堂上)C. с другом(和朋友)D. из дома(从家)答案:D二、填空题(每题2分,共20分)1.请用正确的动词形式填空:- Я (читать) _______ сейчас книгу.- Мы (ходить) _______ в парк.答案:читаю, идем2.请用正确的名词形式填空:- У меня есть _______(两本)книги.- Вчера мы были в _______(三个)городах.答案:две, трех3.请用正确的形容词形式填空:- Это _______(美丽)город.- Я люблю _______(好吃)яблоки.答案:красивый, вкусные三、阅读理解(每题2分,共20分)阅读下面的短文,回答问题:Вчера утром я проснулся в 7 часов. Затем я поел завтрак и пошел в школу. В школе мы учимся с 9 до 3. После школы я пошел в библиотеку и прочитал книгу. Вечером я смотрелтелевизор и спал в 10 вечера.1. В какой часу автор проснулся?A. 7B. 8C. 9D. 10答案:A2. Сколько времени автор учился в школе?A. 4 часаB. 5 часовC. 6 часовD. 7 часов答案:B3. Куда пошел автор после школы?A. в паркB. в библиотекуC. на урокD. в кино答案:B四、完形填空(每题2分,共20分)阅读下面的短文,从括号内选择合适的单词填空:Моя сестра любит _______(A. писать B. писать письма)еёдрузьям. Она часто _______(A. говорит B. говорит по телефону)с ними. В воскресенье мы _______(A. ходим B. ходили)впарк.Там мы _______(A. фотографировали B. фотографировались)самые красивые места. Вечером мы _______(A. готовились B.готовили)обед и _______(A. смотрели B. смотрели телевизор)новости.答案:B, B, B, A, B, A五、翻译题(每题5分,共20分)1.请将下列俄语句子翻译成中文:- Я люблюиграть в футбол.- Мы учимся в школе.答案:我喜欢踢足球。

09全国高校俄语专业八级水平考试考卷和答案上

09全国高校俄语专业八级水平考试考卷和答案上

09全国高校俄语专业八级水平考试考卷和答案上31.0 6 qee noTpe6 畀eHue co 畀u ,BK畀Qqa 刃co 畀b , ______ BnpogykTax , He go畀冰HOnpeBbimaT b 6 rpaMMoB B CyTKU.A) c ogep冰aqyec刃B )c ogepxaBmyracnC) cogep冰aHHye D)cogep冰aqye本题中考点是形动词的用法,要分清主动和被动。

Cogep冰aTbc刃有含在其中的意思。

即有小成份含在大物件中的意思。

而cogepxaT b B ce6e与BK畀QqaT b B ce6e 同义,是包含,即大包含小。

所以食物中的盐本题。

32.H o Bbi访MeTog noMoryBe^uHUT bnpou3BoguTe 畀bH OCT b Tpyga______ 50 pa3.A) 60 畀ee qeMB ) 60 畀ee BC) 60 畀ee neM B D) 60 畀ee Ha本题考点是60畀ee 和60畀ee neM的区别,前者是比较级,要加名词或数词二格,表示比什么多,而如果有前置词则用后者。

在07年考题中有一个同类型题目。

33.B Takux 3gaHUHx CBeT畀b eTCH C0 Bcex CT0p0H , ____________HeT HU CTeH , HU n0T0 畀Ka.A) kakB ) Tak HT0C) Tak kak D) kak 6ygT0本题考点是结果,原因,比较从句的用法。

题目的意思是在这样的房子里阳光从各个方向都能射进来。

就像没有墙没有房顶一样。

而选项一是和实现相符的比较。

34.E My H y冰H0 6bi畀0 cgaBaT b BCTynuTe 畀bH bie Bk3aMeHbi B yHUBepcuTeT , ___________ 0H Unpuexa 畀B r0p0g.A) 3aneMB ) k0rgaC) HT0 D)6 畀a「0gapH neMy本题考点是接续从句,就是由HT0或者带前置词的其他格引导的从句,用来代指整个主句内容,也可以用结果的意义35. y MeH 刃MHoro pa6oTbi______ B Bockpece Hbe M He He npugeTC 刃OTgbixaT b.A) noTOMy HTO B ) Tak HTOC) 3 a HTO D) 3aneM本题考点是结果从句。

2012年俄语专业八级真题及解析【圣才出品】

2012年俄语专业八级真题及解析【圣才出品】

2012年俄语专业八级真题及解析ГОВОРЕНИЕ(20 баллов, 10 минут)【录音原文】ВпоследнеевремяпокупкичерезИнтернетстановятсявсепопулярнее, особенносредимолодежи. Объяснитеэтоявление.【答案示例】Интернетужезанимаетзначимоеместовнашейжизни. Сегопомощьюмыможемзнакомитьсясдругимилюдими, искатьинформацию, развлекатьсяитакдалее. ВпоследнеевремяфункцияИнтернетарасширилась, теперьсегопомощьюмыещеможемделатьпокупки. ПомоемумнениюпокупкачерезИнтернет-магазинявляетсяудобнымспособомполучатьнужнуювещь. ТаккаквИнтернет-магазинебогатыйассортименттоваров, полноценныехарактеристикитоваровиудобствооплаты. Мыещеможемвыбратьвремяиадресдоставки. Крометого, покупкичерезИнтернетможнопомогатьнамэкономитьвремяисилу. Ценавтакихмагазинахсущественнониже. Новкаждоместьсвоиплюсыиминусы. Достаточноопаснопокупатьвещи, которыевынеможетевидетьвоочиюидержатьврукахпроверятькачество. Например, естьнекоторыепредметы, источникипроизводственныйпроцесскоторыхмынеможемопределить. Новостичастосообщалиоаллергическойкожнойреакциипокупателейполегковерию. Нонесмотрянаегоминусыонлайн-покупкидостаяляютнамвсебольшеудобства. ВотмоеотношениекпокупкечерезИнтернет.АУДИРОВАНИЕ(30 баллов, 20 минут)Прослушайтетекстыизадания. Выберитеправильныйвариантиотметьтесоответствующуюбуквунаматрице.Текст1Задание1.А) НазначениеНиконованановуюдолжность.В) Составправленияфонда«Русскиймир».С) Учреждениефонда«Русскиймир».D) Созданиеновогоотделенияфонда«Русскиймир».Задание2.А) 57.В) 58.С) 75.D) 85.【答案与解析】1. B 问题是:俄罗斯总统德米特里·梅德韦杰夫确立了什么?由录音原文“ДмитрийМедведевсвоимуказомутвердилновыйсоставправленияфонда«Русскиймир».”可知,梅德韦杰夫确立了“俄语世界”基金会新领导结构。

俄语专业八级解析真题答案

俄语专业八级解析真题答案

俄语专业八级解析真题答案本文将对俄语专业八级解析真题的答案进行深入探讨,为考生提供一定的参考和帮助。

以下内容将按照试题的难度和知识点进行分类,逐一进行解析。

1. 阅读理解部分本部分主要考察考生的阅读理解能力和对俄罗斯文化、社会、历史等方面的了解。

针对每个阅读材料,考生需要仔细解读材料并回答相关问题。

2. 语法填空部分语法填空部分考察考生对俄语语法知识的掌握程度和应用能力。

在填写答案时,需要根据上下文语境和语法规则进行判断,从而选择正确的词语进行填充。

3. 翻译部分翻译部分需要考生将给定的俄语句子翻译成汉语。

在进行翻译时,需要注意俄语和汉语之间的差异,合理运用词汇和语法知识进行翻译,确保译文通顺、准确。

4. 写作部分写作部分要求考生根据所给的问题或题目,自主发挥展开写作,表达个人观点和意见。

在写作过程中,需要注意语法、连贯性、逻辑性和准确度。

5. 听力部分听力部分考察考生对俄语听力的理解能力和应对能力。

在听力材料播放期间,考生需要仔细倾听并回答相关问题。

同时需要注意音频中可能存在的口音、语速等因素。

根据以上几个部分的考察内容,考生需要充分准备相关知识,并结合大量的阅读、听力、翻译和写作实践来提高自己的俄语水平。

此外,还需要通过模拟考试和练习题来锻炼解题能力。

在备考过程中,可以参考相关教材、资料、网上资源等进行系统学习和练习。

考生也可以通过参加专业八级培训班,与老师和同学进行互动学习,增强口语和写作能力。

在学习过程中,或许会遇到一些难点和问题,可以向老师和同学请教,共同解决。

总而言之,俄语专业八级考试对考生的综合能力提出了很高的要求。

在备考过程中,考生需要注重平衡各个部分的学习,提高听、说、读、写、译的综合能力。

通过系统准备,相信每一位考生都能在考试中取得好成绩。

俄语专四专八解析真题答案

俄语专四专八解析真题答案

俄语专四专八解析真题答案在求职和升学的过程中,许多学生会选择参加俄语专四专八考试,这两个考试对于俄语学习者来说是非常具有挑战性的。

然而,通过分析和解析过去的真题答案,我们可以提高我们的考试技巧和策略,从而在考试中取得更好的成绩。

首先,我们来分析一下专四和专八的题型。

俄语专四专八考试分为听力、阅读、写作和口语四个部分。

听力和阅读部分主要考察考生的理解能力和阅读速度,而写作和口语则需要考生展示他们的语言运用能力和思维逻辑能力。

在听力部分,学生应该注意听力材料的细节,并快速理解问题。

通过反复练习,我们可以提高我们的听力速度和理解能力。

解析真题答案时,我们可以注意一些常见的听力题型,如听力选择题、听力填空题和听力判断题。

通过对这些题型的训练和解析,我们可以熟悉不同类型的听力题目,从而更好地应对考试。

阅读部分是俄语专四专八考试中另一个重要的部分。

在阅读理解题中,我们应该注意题目中的关键词和句子,并从文中找到相应的信息。

关键词通常是一些重要的名词或动词,通过在文中反复出现,引导我们找到正确的答案。

此外,我们应该注意文章的结构和逻辑关系,这有助于我们更好地理解文章的主旨和观点。

通过分析真题答案和训练阅读技巧,我们可以提高我们的阅读理解能力和答题速度。

在写作部分,学生需要根据给定的题目或材料写一篇短文。

在写作过程中,我们应该注意文章的结构和逻辑,以及语言的准确性和流畅性。

解析真题答案时,我们可以分析一些常见的写作题目,如翻译、写作和作文。

通过对这些题目的解析,我们可以了解不同题目的要求和结构,从而更好地准备写作部分。

最后,口语部分是俄语专四专八考试中最具挑战性的部分之一。

在口语考试中,考生需要根据给定的题目或材料进行口头表达。

在回答问题时,我们应该注意语法和发音的准确性。

解析真题答案时,我们可以注意问题的类型和答题技巧。

通过反复练习和分析,我们可以提高我们的口语表达能力和答题速度。

通过解析真题答案,我们可以更好地了解俄语专四专八考试的题目和要求。

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09全国高校俄语专业八级水平考试考卷和答案上31.Общее потребление соли, включая соль, ________ впродуктах, не должнопревышать 6 граммов в сутки.А) содержащуюсяВ)содержавшуюсяС) содержаннуюD)содержащую本题中考点是形动词的用法,要分清主动和被动。

Содержаться 有含在其中的意思。

即有小成份含在大物件中的意思。

而содержать в себе与включать в себе同义,是包含,即大包含小。

所以食物中的盐本题。

32.Новый метод помогувеличитьпроизводительность труда________ 50 раз.А) более чемВ) более вС) более чем вD) более на本题考点是более 和более чем 的区别,前者是比较级,要加名词或数词二格,表示比什么多,而如果有前置词则用后者。

在07年考题中有一个同类型题目。

33.В таких зданиях светльется со всех сторон, ________ нет ни стен, ни потолка.А) какВ) так чтоС) так какD) как будто本题考点是结果,原因,比较从句的用法。

题目的意思是在这样的房子里阳光从各个方向都能射进来。

就像没有墙没有房顶一样。

而选项一是和实现相符的比较。

34.Ему нужно было сдавать вступительные экзамены вуниверситет, ________ он иприехал в город.А) зачемВ) когдаС) чтоD) благодаря чему本题考点是接续从句,就是由что 或者带前置词的其他格引导的从句,用来代指整个主句内容,也可以用зачем.почему .отчего表示目的原因和结果的意义。

35.У меня много работы,________ в воскресенье мне непридется отдыхать.А) потому чтоВ) так чтоС) за чтоD) зачем本题考点是结果从句。

36.Вам когда-нибудьприходилось встречаться стакими названиями учебныхзаведений, как ________?А) школой-интернатом.В)школу-интернатС) школа-интернатD)школ-интернатов本题考点是同位语,как 用法有很多种,可以引导比较从句,但翻译成像、、、一样,作为、、、时,接名词第一格。

37.Павел пригласил друга в ресторан, и ________ судовольствием согласился.А) онВ) тотС) которыйD) кто本题初看像考定语从句,其实不是,我们看и连接两个并列句,所以说明不是定语从句,而且被说名词离引导词很远。

这是考的指示代词,指代前面的друг38.На проспекте стоялобычный шум, ________ бывает вэтом городе.А) какойВ) какС) покаD) когда本题考的是定语从句,какой指代一类事物,这些这样的39.Мы долго смотрели вглаза ________. И, кажется, онпонял: мне страшно.А)друг другаВ) друг надругаС)друг к другуD) друг другу重点在于смотреть的用法。

Смотреть на кого .смотретькуда属于一般用法,表示看某人,超某个地方看,但特殊的要记下。

Смотреть в лицо кому看某人的脸смотреть в глаза кому看某人的眼睛смотреть вследкому=чему目送某人40.После спектакля насцене к ногам Петровойпоставили такую огромнуюкорзинурозовых и алых роз,________ весь зал ахнул.А) чтобыВ) какС) чтоD) сколько41.Известно, чтопереговорный процесс ________российско-китайской границе занял более сорока лет.А) наВ) поС) вD) про我觉得是考的前置词,A一般表目的用途接四格праздник на день рожденья 而по表示在某一方面领域,比如специалистпо русскому языку42.К предстоящему походунадо готовиться как следует,ведь в безграничной степиможет случиться ________.А)каждоеВ)иноеС) любоеD) всякоеИное和другое同义,指令外的,而其他三个的区别如下。

Каждый只从数量的角度说整体。

就每个都,各个都,毫无例外同все。

当与数词连用时表示每多久,如каждые два года 或者表示整体中的各个都如此,此时要与名词保持性数格一致。

Любой指任何的,无论什么,表示主观意愿的时候比用。

如заходите ко мне в любоевремя. Всякий表示形形色色,各种各样的。

此时用复数。

本题是主语。

形容词中性43.Никакая иная сила неделает человека великим имудрым, ________ это делает сила коллективного труда.А) такВ) какС) чтоD) каким我感觉这是个比较从句,用как连接。

意思是没有哪一种力量能像集体的力量那样是人变得强大和聪明了。

44. ________ начали строитьпоселок, здесь былпрекрасный парк.А) До того какВ) После того какС) Перед тем какD) Преждечем本题考点是时间从句。

首先时间从句分完全同时,和不完全同时。

本题考后者,B选项是从句行为发生在主句行为之前,其他三个是从句发生在主句之后,但是дотого как 区别与其他两个是有一段时间间隔,而CD 选项是紧接着的发生什么。

45.Я умею водить машину, но мне больше нравиться ездить ________.А) по пассажируВ) пассажирС) пассажиромD) напассажире46.Эта пара жила, как кошка с собакой. Дня не было, ________они не ссорились.А) покаВ) какС) чтоD) чтобы我没有更好的解释,翻译一下,夫妻两一起生活就像猫和狗一起生活一样,没有一天是不吵架的。

Чтобы应该是连接词,还是记住吧。

47.В воздухе звукраспространяется медленнопо сравнению с тем, ________ онраспространяется в твердом теле.А) покаВ) когдаС) какD) чем48.Люди привыкли судить о погоде по приметам, допустим: птицы в пыли купаются — ________.А) к дождюВ) в дождьС) под дождьD) из-за дождяК表示临近、、、、,马上就要来的,比较近。

考点前置词用法。

49.Утром, ________ из квартиры, Ира вспомнила, что забылапропуск, и ей пришлось идтиобратно.А) уйдяВ) выйдяС) выходящаяD) ушедшая考副动词。

未完成体表示同时发生,而完成体表示在。

之后,可以相当于各种时间从句,条件原因从句。

50.Дело действительносрочное, но не ________ собирать всех в полночь.А) настолько, чтобыВ)столько, сколькоС) столько, чтобыD)настолько, насколько本题考点是区分短语用法和程度度量从句。

A和C都用于程度度量从句中,但是,настолько 指到达某种程度,修饰动词和副词,而сколько 只数量的多少的程度,所以有所区别。

而其他两项就是短语。

51.Вернись я на день раньше, ________ Сашу в городе.А) заставлялВ) заставалС) заставил быD) застал бы是虚拟条件句。

52. ________, как Пушкин илиЛомоносов, не каждоестолетие рождаются.А) КакихВ) ТакихС) КакиеD) Такие主语,而且是选择其中一个,所以复数。

53.Мы живем ________ экономики, основанной на знаниях.А) в эпохеВ) на эпохеС) в эпохуD) на эпохув接时间名词四格表示在什么样的时间,时代,而且一般有定语修饰。

54.За несколько минуттуман исчез бесследно, ________ его прогнало дальше навосток, ________ впитался ввысокое небо.А) то ли, то лиВ) то, тоС) ни, ниD) и, и考点并列复合句的连接词,то ли ,то ли和не то,не то 都是表示不知道。

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