段落翻译练习-汉译英答案

汉译英：
1
徐霞客一生周游考察了十六个省，足迹几乎遍及全国。

他在考察的过程中，从来不盲目迷信书本上的结论。

他发现前人研究地理的记载有许多很不可靠的地方。

为了进行真实细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭，长途跋涉；为了弄清大自然的真相，他总是挑选道路艰险的山区，人迹稀少的森林进行考察，发现了许多奇山秀景；他常常选择不同的时间和季节，多次重游各地名山，反复观察变换的奇景。

Xu Xiake toured and investigated 16 provinces in his lifetime, covering almost the whole of China/ the whole country. When he was carrying out his investigations, he never took blind belief in the conclusions in the books. Instead he found a lot of unreliable points in the geographic records taken by his predecessors. In order to make his investigations reliable and thorough, he seldom traveled by carriage or boat. Instead, he took long, arduous trips on foot almost all the time, climbing mountains and hills. In order to learn about the truth of nature, he always chose to conduct investigations in mountainous areas with dangerous roads and in lonely / untraveled woods, where he discovered a lot of magnificent peaks and beautiful sights.
2
多少年来，我养成了一个习惯：每天早晨四点在黎明以前起床工作。

我不出去跑步或散步，而是一下床就干活儿。

因此我对黎明前的北京的了解是在屋子里感觉到的。

我从前在什么报上读过一篇文章，讲黎明时分天安门广场上的清洁工人。

那情景必然是非常动人的，可惜我从未能见到，只是心向往之而已。

For many years, I have been in the habit of getting up before daybreak to start work at four. Instead of going out for a jog or walk, I’ll set about my work as soon as I’m out of bed. As a result, it is from inside my study that I've got the feel of predawn Beijing. Years ago, I hit upon a newspaper article about street cleaners in Tian’anmen Square at daybreak. It must have been a very moving scene, but what a pity I haven’t seen it with my own eyes. I can only picture it in my mind longingly.
3
洞庭湖是中国第二大淡水湖。

洞庭湖畔的岳阳楼，是中国三大名楼中唯一保持原址原貌的国家重点保护文物。

岳阳楼所处的位置极好，它屹立于岳阳古城之上，背靠岳阳城，俯瞰洞庭湖，遥对君山岛，北依长江，南通湘江。

自古以来，就是人们观光旅游的好地方。

Lake Dongting is China’s second largest freshwater lake. Yueyang Tower, which is located on its shores, is a national key cultural relic fo r protection as the only one of China’s famous towers that is kept in its original condition at its original site. The tower is very favorably located, standing as it does on Yueyang’s ancient city wall with the city behind and overlooking Lake Dongting to the distant Junshan Isle; to its north is the Yangtze River and to the south the Xiang River. Since ancient times, the tower has been a good place for sightseeing and touring. (Picture)
4
家庭是社会的基本单位，它的结构随着社会的发展而变化。

在中国几千年的封建社会里，
自给自足的小农经济占主导地位，家庭不仅是日常生活的基本单位，也是生产单位。

理想的、令人羡慕的家庭是五世同堂，家里的大事由男人做主。

近百年来，中国发生了巨大变化，中国社会经过漫长的封建时期，半封建、半殖民地时期进入了社会主义社会。

这具有历史意义的变化使中国家庭的结构也改变了。

人口众多的大家庭开始分成较小的家庭和直系家庭，总的趋势是出现了越来越多的核心家庭。

The structure of the family, which is a basic unit of the society, changes along with the development of the society. In China's feudal society which lasted several thousand years, a self-sufficient small peasant economy predominated. The family was not only the basic unit in everyday life, but also a basic unit of production. An ideal family admired by all consisted of 5 generations, with the male members making all the important decisions. During the last hundred years, great changes have taken place in China. The Chinese society, which had gone through the long feudal period, and later the semi-colonial, semi-feudal period, had turned into a socialist society. This historic change has led to changes in the Chinese family structure. Large families began to divide into smaller extended families and stem families, with the trend pointing toward the emergence of more and more nuclear families.
5
目前，人类的生存环境正在遭到破坏，美丽的大自然已经不那么美丽了。

保护野生动物，也就是保护人娄自己。

我强烈呼吁：不要再捕杀黑猩猩，不要再捕杀野生动物了，让我们人类多一些地球上的朋友，多给我们下一代保留一些野生动物吧! 否则，地球将毁灭在人类手中，人类将毁灭在自己手中。

At presen t, man’s living environment is being ruined, and beautiful nature is no longer so beautiful. Protection of wild life is protection of man himself. So I appeal strongly to all to stop killing the chimpanzee or any other wild animal. Let us human beings have more friends on the earth, and leave more wild life for future generations. Or the earth would be destroyed by man, and man by man himself.。