翻译 山大复试资料

英语强化训练之Translation

例文一、

Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

However, space policy is so dominated by politics that sound engieenng evidence is not adequate to transform a high-cost industry into a low-cost one. Many engineers considered space-planes to be feasible over thirty years ago. As a result, the government has not encouraged studies of space-planes that could be built using existing technology.

The largest new space project planned at present is the International Space Station. The estimated cost is about $20 billion plus about the same again in launch costs. If new technology can be used, the total cost could be reduced by at least 80 per cent to less than $8 billion.

Tr:

然而，太空政策受到政治的如此主宰，以至于光凭可靠的工程论证时不足以把一项高成本产业转化为一项低成本产业的。很多工程师认为，太空飞机早在30年前就可能实现。没有得到开发主要是因为美国政府不感兴趣。所以，政府不鼓励利用现有技术进行太空飞机的研究。

目前，规模最大的新的航天工程是建立宇宙空间站，它的估算造价约200亿美元，另外还得加上大约相同数目的发射费用。如果采用新的技术，总耗资可降至80亿美元，比原来至少减少了80%。

解析：

1.第一句中的so…that结构引起的是一个表示结果意义的从句，该句可译

为“受到政治的主宰，以致于……”。句中的not adequate to transform 是

一个表示程度意义的“形容词+动词不定式”短语。译为“不足以把……转

化为”。

2.翻译第三句时注意they所替代的先行名词，这里they指代的名词是space

planes,而不是many engineers.

3.第一段最后一句中的As a result,可译成“结果”，也可译成“所以”。别外，

须注意句中短语“using existing technology”作方式状语修饰could be built。

4.第二段第二句中的介词短语plus about the same again in launch costs应该

译为“另外还得加上数目大约相同的发射费用”。

5.by at least 80 per cent此处by表示“净咸少”，译为“比原来至少减少了

80%。

例文二、

Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

Cities have always ruined the environment around them, and have often paid the price. Scientists have found that a very old city was buried in mud for hundreds of years because it was flooded due to cutting down too many trees.

Besides, cities will bring about more problems to the urban people. It is estimated that by the year 2050, the number of people living in towns and cities will outnumber those in the countryside for the first time in human history. Within another 30 years there will be twice as many urban as country people.

The future of humanity will be shaped largely by urban conditions and quality of life for generations to come and the chance to solve conflict within nations and between them will depend on whether governments can find ways of coping with accelerating urban growth.

城市一直在破坏它们的周围环境，并常常为之付出代价。科学家发现。

一座古城在泥土下掩埋了千百年就是因为砍树过多而被洪水淹没的。此外，城市会给市民带来许多问题。据估计，到2050年时，城镇居民的数量将在人类历史上第一次超过农村人口的数。随后30年内，城市居民人数将达到农村人口的两倍。

人类未来的大部分将由城市的状况来决定，下几代人的生活质量和解决国家内部及国家之间的冲突的机会将取决于各国政府是否能找到办法来控制城市的过快发展。

1．在翻译第一段第一句and have often paid the price 这一部分时，汉语中加上“为之”显得通顺。

2．在翻译第一段时，注意译出原文时态的含义，如原文第二句中的从句讲过去发生的事情，第三句开始则讲将来可能发生的事情，注意加上“了”和“会”，“将”等词。

3．翻译第一段第四句时，注意英语中those这样的代词的译法。英语中这种避免重复百使用代词的地方，根据汉语习惯，往往需要重复实词注意变通，这里把它译成“人数”。

4．在翻译第一段最后一句there will be twice as many urban as country people时，注意倍数的译法和many urban后省略people的译法，译成“城市居民人数将达到农村人口的两倍”。

5．第二段只有一句话，但句子长，难翻译。本句中，一是应注意被动语态的翻译（如，will be shaped largely by ）,二是应注意动词不定式作定语引出的短语翻译to come and the chance to solve the conflict…的译法。