日本与TPP协议

作为回应，安倍和 他的政府可以宣称 总会有一个灰色地 带。甚至在七月选 举之前，观察员指 出，针对贸易自由 化的“避难所”也 并不是一个完全例 外的地带。
And Japan will lower tariffs on as little as it can in order to meet a target of liberalising 95% of products over time. It should be able to achieve that by targeting secondary agricultural products, which are slightly less sensitive. In the case of rice, for instance, that would mean rice flour and rice flakes, rather than the symbolic rice bowl itself.
日本的农业品种不喜 欢进口而喜欢自己土 生土长的,以及日本议 员山田俊男，他在议 会支持农业且没有让 人失望。他在这周说， 日本在考虑降低或消 除五大“圣域”农产 品中一部分产品的进 口关税，这是不能接 受的。他在被提问前 就补充道，这种做法 就好像去掉自己的保 护伞。
The special five are rice, wheat, beef and poultry, dairy products and sugar. The prime minister, Shinzo Abe, said in March that this group would continue to be protected in “sanctuaries” even though Japan plans to sign up to the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), a regional free-trade agreement currently under negotiation.
安倍这样做产生了很好的 效果，尽管反TPP得情绪 在农村广泛传播，自民党 还是轻易地取得了胜利。 一个原因是农民和日本农 业没有可以求助的其他党 派,民主党也反对TPP。但 是，这周一个从农村当选 的自民党议员抱怨他们的 选民现在可以指责他们彻 底的背叛。
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
In response, Mr Abe and his government can just about claim that there was always a grey area. Even before the elections in July, observers noted that “sanctuaries” were not quite the same as full “exceptions” to trade liberalisation.
在海外日本被认为是 快速达成的强有力协 议最主要的障碍之一。 但现在,其谈判代表不 再坚持保护其大部分 农产品(包括在关税分 类中的这五种“不可 侵犯的”产品的586 种产品)，其他国家可 能会发现更容易放弃 自己的“不容侵犯区”
Back at home attention is now shifting to questions about what, precisely, the LDP promised of the five sacred areas. Over the summer, when an election for the upper house of parliament was ahead of them, the LDP had feared a backlash from anti-TPP farmers and their powerful lobbying group, Japan Agriculture (JA). It pledged promptly to withdraw from talks on the TPP if the five areas were not to be defended.
在山形县，日本岛屿北部的 农村腹地进行的竞选活动中， 安倍用“日本，让水稻茁壮 成长的地方”这类保护农业 的承诺拉拢人心。
It worked; despite widespread anti-TPP sentiment in the countryside, the LDP won handily. One reason was that the farmers and JA had no other party to turn to; the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) also backs the TPP, mildly. But this week LDP lawmakers who were elected from rural areas are complaining that their constituents can now accuse them of outright betrayal.
日本现在对他的国际合 作伙伴很是友好，他最 近十分渴望新的合作伙 伴。日本在7月加入了 TPP第18轮会谈。它的 加入是“Abenomics” （安倍经济学的）的一 个重要组成部分，而 “Abenomics”想通过 三步计划来复兴经济。
The idea is to use trade liberalisation as a way to reform important sectors of domestic industry, such as agriculture, health care and finance. But opposition to it is also strong. Ever since Mr Abe announced that Japan would join, in March, farmers have been howling at the possible damage to their livelihoods.
确切地说,日本国内注意 力正转向自民党承诺过的 五大关键农产品领域。今 年夏天，当上议院在举行 选举之前，自民党曾担心 来自反TPP的农民和他们 强大的游说集团JA的强 烈反对。自民党承诺如果 五个领域没有得到保护， 它会及时退出TPP谈判。
On the campaign trail in Yamagata, a rural heartland to the north of the country’s main island, Mr Abe wooed the crowds with a promise to protect agriculture in “Japan, the land of vigorous rice plants”.
但在10月6日，西川公也 即安倍领导的自民党 （LDP）建立的协商 TPP委员会主席，他在 正在召开亚太经合组织 和其他会议的巴厘岛上 说，其实可以取消五种 特殊农产品中部分产品 的关税。其他高级官员 包括经济部长甘利明和 自民党秘书长石破茂， 广泛呼应他的话。
That Japan is being so obliging to its international partners, so soon, is extremely welcome news. It joined the 18th round of talks on the TPP in July. Its membership is a crucial part of “Abenomics”, a three-part plan of Mr Abe’s to revive the economy.
特殊五类农产品 是大米、小麦、牛 肉和禽肉、乳制品 和糖。 在3月份，首 相安倍晋三表示,这 些农产品将继续在 “避难所”被保护, 即使日本计划签署 的跨太平洋伙伴关 系（TPP），一个目 前正在谈判的区域 自由贸易协定。
But on October 6th, Koya Nishikawa, the chairman of the committee that Mr Abe’s Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) has established to negotiate the TPP, said that tariffs could in fact be eliminated on some of the five. He was speaking in Bali, where APEC and other meetings were taking place. Other senior figures, including Akira Amari, the economy minister, and Shigeru Ishiba, the LDP’s secretary-general of the LDP, broadly echoed his words。
这个想法是利用贸易自由化的方 式改革国内产业的重要领域,如 农业、医疗和金融，但遭到强烈 反对。自从安倍在3月份宣布日 本将加入TPP，，农民一直在嚎 叫他们的生计可能遭到破坏
日本民众抗议日本 政府加入TPP谈判
Overseas Japan has been regarded as one of the chief obstacles to reaching a speedy and ambitious agreement. But now that its negotiators are dropping their insistence on protecting the bulk of agricultural products (those five sacreds include 586 products within tariff classifications), other countries may find it easier to abandon their own “sensitivities”.
Japan and the TransPacific Partnership
日本和跨太平洋伙伴协定
韩先生提出的三大问题：
A.本文中提到的tpp,你们要深入的挖掘一下。
B.同时，要针对日本本国农产品的特点，及其贸易情况作出 自己的判断。
C.最后，是中日农产品的情况可自由发挥
Sacred cows, rice and the rest of them 神圣的牛，大米和其他农产品 Oct 9th 2013, 5:29 by T.B. | TOKYO(economist)
FARMING types are fond of earthy metaphors, and Toshio Yamada, a Japanese lawmaker who champions the agriculture industry in parliament, does not disappoint. That Japan would consider lowering or eliminating import tariffs on some of the five “sacred” farm products, he said this week, was unacceptable. It was as if the country were dropping its knickers, he added, before it was even asked.