2020学年新教材高中英语Unit4HistoryandtraditionsSectionⅤSummaryandWriting教学案新人教版必修第二册

Section ⅤSummary and Writing Ⅰ重点词汇
1．philosophy n. 哲学→philosopher n. 哲学家
2．individual adj. 单独的；个别的n. 个人→individually adv. 单独地；个别地3．king n. 国王→kingdom n. 王国；领域
4．chief adj. 最重要的；最高级别的n. (公司或机构的)首领；酋长→chiefs (pl.) (部落)首领；酋长
5．join ... to ... 把……和……连接或联结起来→(同义词组)connect ... with ...
6．break_away_(from_sb./sth.) 脱离；背叛；逃脱→break sth. apart 把……折断或分开
7．belong_to 属于……→owe to 归功于……→thanks to 多亏了……
8．as_well_as 同(一样也)；和；还→as well 也
9．defend v. 防御；保卫→defence n. 防御；保卫
10．surround vt. 围绕；包围→surrounded by/with ... 被……包围
11．evident adj. 清楚的；显然的→evidence n. 证据；证明
12．locate v. 确定……的准确地点→be located at ... 位于……→location n. 地方；地点；位置
13．keep_your_eyes_open_(for) 留心；留意→keep an eye on/upon ... 对……留意14．sure adj. 确信；有把握→ensure vt. 保证；确保；担保
15．eager adj. 热切的；渴望的→be eager for 渴望得到……→be eager to_do sth. 渴望做某事
16．crowd n. 人群；一群人；民众vt. 挤满；使……拥挤→crowded adj. 拥挤的→be crowded with ... 挤满……
Ⅱ教材原句
1．Finally, in the 20th century, the_southern_part_of_Ireland_broke_away_from_the_UK,_which resulted in the full name we have today.(P40)
最终，在20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离了英国，这就产生了我们今天的全名。

2．The four countries that_belong_to_the_United_Kingdom work together in some areas.(P40)
属于联合王国的这四个国家在有些领域相互协作。

3．If_you_keep_your_eyes_open,_you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.(P41)
如果你留意，你会惊奇地发现你能看到它的过去和现在。

4．Ireland's beautiful countryside has_always_had_a_great_influence_on_its_people_and_traditions.(P44) 爱尔兰美丽的乡村一直深深影响着它的人民和传统。

5．The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with_its_rolling_green_hills_dotted_with_sheep_and_cattle.(P44)
“绿宝石(爱尔兰岛)”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。

6．If you are lucky, you might be able to enjoy_some_traditional_music_and_dancing,_too.(P44)
幸运的话，你或许也可以欣赏到一些传统的音乐和舞蹈。

Ⅲ书面表达[文化传统类话题概要写作]
1．文化传统类话题的概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。

这就要求考生在写作时要找关键词和主题句，准确理解、分析原文要点，归纳段落大意。

2．各要点的表达既要相对独立，又要有适当的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。

3．所用句型力求简单，安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。

4．不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。

此外，要尽量使用短句，慎用长难句。

例如，尽量少用关系代词which, who等引导的定语从句，而采用动词－ing形式和过去分词作定语。

多使用概括性词语，少用具体描述性词语。

1．开头常用句式
①As we all know, ... is a hero in history.
众所周知，……是历史上的英雄。

②Have you heard of ...?
你听说过……吗？
③Every tradition has its unique background.
每一个传统都有其特定背景。

④Like most festivals, ... always falls on a special day.
像大多数节日一样，……总是在某一个特定的日子。

2．主体段落常用句式
①Because we all value our own traditions, ...
因为我们都珍视我们自己的传统。

②They all enjoy the beauty and spirit these activities bring to them.
他们都很喜欢这些活动带给他们的美和精神上的享受。

③Don't forget the values and honors behind the stories.
不要忘记这些故事背后的价值和荣耀。

④These events changed the course of history.
这些事件改变了历史的进程。

3．结尾常用句式
①After all, this is a long－history town.
毕竟这是一个历史悠久的城镇。

②All the above is just what it means truly.
上述内容恰恰就是它的真正含义。

③Beautiful sights and kind－hearted residents are part of the legend.
美丽的风光和善良的居民是这个传奇的一部分。

④Can you imagine anything more traditional than the music and dancing?
你还能想象得出比音乐和舞蹈更加传统的事物吗？
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

December was a “big deal” in Sweden and Finland not only because of Christmas, but because Saint Lucia's Day is on Dec. 13. Starting in kindergarten and continuing all throughout high school, on this day one lucky girl was selected to be “Saint Lucia”. For many girls, this was a big deal, though I personally really feared being picked and much preferred being one of Lucia's handmaids.
It is not certain how the Saint Lucia tradition found its way to Sweden, and then also to Finland. The legend of Saint Lucia is known in most European countries, and has its roots in Italy. It is thought that during a time when the rulers of the land did not approve of Christianity, a woman named Lucia decided to try and spread words of God and help the poor. Lucia was put on trial, and when she refused to give up her belief, she was sentenced to be burned. But when the guards tried to light the fire, it would not light. Unfortunately, this did not save Lucia, who at last was
killed by a knife.
No one knows exactly how this legend has changed into the unique Swedish tradition today, but there are certainly some elements that can be recognized. Saint Lucia, a girl dressed in a long white dress with a crown of candles in her hair, brings light and good spirit to everybody, lightening up the cold December weather.
Both in Sweden and Finland Saint Lucia's Day is a nationally celebrated tradition. The people of the city or town can vote for their favorite girl out of several candidates, and the winner is crowned on December 13th together with her entourage (随从). This year, 18－year－old high school student Elin Andersson was crowned Lucia, and following her coronation (加冕礼) she will appear at around 80 different events over the next month in her role as “a bringer of light”．
[精彩范文]
The passage is mainly about the origin of Saint Lucia's Day. It is well known that a woman called Saint Lucia spread words of God and helped the poor.(要点1) However, Christianity was not approved at that time, but Lucia stuck to her belief. (要点2) At last, she was sentenced to death and got severely punished. (要点3) Now Saint Lucia's Day, held on Dec. 13 every year with a lucky girl selected to be “Saint Lucia”， becomes a nationally celebrated festival in memory of her in Sweden and Finland.(要点4)
【总评】
本文按照原文的写作顺序，用精准又不失高级的句式概括了圣露西亚节的历史，对文章要点把握准确，同义词、句的转换也很到位。

【亮点呈现】
(1)主语从句It is well known that以及同位语held on Dec. 13 every year with a lucky gir l selected to be “Saint Lucia”的运用使文章句型结构丰富。

(2)stick to, in memory of等短语的运用言简意赅，内涵丰富。

(3)However, At last等连接词的运用使文章衔接自然，层次分明。

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Almost all Americans are involved with sports in some way. They may play baseball or volleyball or go swimming or skiing. They may watch football or basketball on the high school, college, or professional level. Sports may seem like an innocent pleasure, but it is important to look under the surface. In reality, sports have reached a point where they play too large a role in daily life. They take up too much media time, play too large a role in the raising of children, and give too much power and prestige (声望) to athletes.
The overemphasis (过度强调) on sports can be seen most obviously in the vast media coverage of athlete events. It seems as if every race, meet, or match is shown on one television channel or another. In addition, sports make up about 30 percent of local news. Radio offers a full list of games and a wide variety of sports shows. Furthermore, many daily papers such as US Today are devoting more and more space to sports coverage.
The way we raise and educate our children also illustrates our sports craziness. As early as six or seven, kids are placed in little leagues, often to play under screaming coaches and pressuring parents. Later, in high school, students who are singled out by the school and the community are not those who are the best academically but those who are the best athletically. And college sometimes seems to be more about sports than about learning. The United States may be the only country in the world where people often think of their colleges as teams first and schools second.
Our sports craziness is especially evident in the prestige given to athletes in the United States. For one thing, we reward them with enormous salaries. In 1990, for example, baseball players averaged $350,000 a year; the average annual salary in the United States is $18,000. Besides their huge salaries, athletes receive awe, admiration, and sometimes the votes of the public.
Why are Americans so mad about sports? Perhaps we like to see the competitiveness we experience in our daily lives acted out on playing fields.
写前导读：本文是一篇议论文。

全文讨论了体育运动在美国人生活、学习、社会活动中
的重要作用。

[精彩范文]
Americans are too mad about sports. (要点1) The media, like the TV, radio and papers, devote too much time and space to covering sports news. (要点2) Besides, sports craziness is also reflected in the way Americans raise and educate their children.(要点3) In addition, American athletes enjoy great salaries and prestige. The competitiveness facing Americans in their daily lives may partly account for their sports craziness. (要点4)
课外拓展阅读——中国优秀传统文化专题练
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Porcelain, also __1__ (call) fine china, featuring its delicate texture, pleasing color, and refined sculpture, has been one of the __2__ (good) artworks introduced to the western world through the Silk Road. The earliest one __3__ (find) made of Kaolin in the Shang Dynasty (17th－11th Century BC), and possessed the common aspects of the smoothness and unaffected quality of hard enamel (瓷釉), though pottery wares (陶器) were more __4__ (wide) used among most of the ordinary people. Anyway it was the beginning. In the following dynasties, due __5__ its durability (耐久性) and shine, porcelain rapidly became __6__ necessity of daily life, especially in the middle and upper classes. They were made in the form of all kinds of __7__ (item), such as bowls, cups, tea sets, vases, jewel cases, musical instruments and boxes, as well as pillows for traditional doctors to use to feel one's pulse.
Through the __8__ (develop) of over 4,000 years, now it is still a brilliant kind of art that attracts thousands of people. The Porcelain Capital, Jingdezhen in Jiangxi
Province, __9__ has been praised for thousands of years, will be certain __10__ (satisfy) your appetite for beauty.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了瓷器的历史及其特点。

1．called 考查非谓语动词。

主语Porcelain与call之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式作后置定语。

2．best 考查形容词的最高级。

“one of the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数”意为“最……之一”。

3．was found 考查动词的时态和语态。

此处单数主语The earliest one(最早的瓷器)与find之间为被动关系，用被动语态。

由句中并列谓语动词possessed可知应用一般过去时。

4．widely 考查副词。

此处应用副词作状语，表示“广泛地被用于”。

5．to 考查固定短语。

due to为固定短语，意为“由于，因为”。

6．a 考查冠词。

此处意为“一种日常生活必需品”。

7．items 考查名词。

item为可数名词，其前有all kinds of修饰，故填其复数。

8．development 考查词性转换。

由空前的the及空后的of可知，此处应填名词。

9．which 考查定语从句的引导词。

此为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Jingdezhen，引导词在从句中作主语，故填which。

10．to satisfy 考查非谓语动词。

be certain to do sth.为固定用法，意为“一定能……”。

Porcelain promotes economic and cultural exchanges between China and the outside world, and also profoundly influences the traditional culture and lifestyle of other countries.
瓷器促进了中国和外部世界之间的经济文化交流，并深刻地影响着其他国家的传统文化和生活方式。