(完整)高中英语语法被动语态

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高考英语语法——被动语态(共27张PPT)

高考英语语法——被动语态(共27张PPT)

spring.
14
过去将来完成时的被动 语态
would have+been+done
现在完成时:would have+ done been
+被动语态:
be done
现在完成时的被动语态:would have+
+done
He said that the book would have been finished by eight o'clock.
过去分词前有very、too、so等程度副词修饰,该结构为系表结构。
She is very pleased.
He was so frightened.
am/is/are+being+done
现在进行时:am/is/are+ v-ing being
+被动语态:
be done
现在进行时的被动语态: am/is/are+
+done
We are painting the rooms.
The rooms are being painted.
8
过去进行时的被动语态
The door won't open. The table can't move.
23
与副词well、easily连用的动词:read、write、wash、clean、 burn、sell、open、cut、lock等,表示主语的特点和属性。
The pen writes smoothly. The coat washes well. The novel sells well. The room doesn't clean easily.

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要知识点。

在使用被动语态时,主语是承受者,而动作的执行者则成为谓语的一部分。

这一语法结构在表达特定情况和强调动作承受者时非常有用。

本文将对高中英语中常见的被动语态知识点进行归纳总结。

一、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词“be”(is, am, are, was, were, been)和动词的过去分词构成。

动词的过去分词可根据动词的不同形态进行变化,常见的变化规则包括加“-ed”、改变拼写或使用不规则变化。

二、被动语态的用法1. 描述普遍情况或客观事实:Inventions are made every day.2. 强调动作承受者:The cake was eaten by the children.3. 避免指责或强调行为:Mistakes were made, and lessons were learned.4. 表示不明或未指定的主语:Money was stolen from the bank.三、被动语态的时态被动语态根据需要使用不同的时态。

下面是常见的被动语态时态使用示例:1. 现在时态:The car is washed by my brother every week.2. 过去时态:The letter was sent yesterday.3. 将来时态:The contract will be signed next week.4. 现在进行时态:The house is being built by a group of workers.5. 现在完成时态:The book has been read by many people.四、被动语态与不定式、情态动词的使用1. 被动语态与不定式:The house needs to be repaired.2. 被动语态与情态动词:The project should be completed by tomorrow.五、被动语态的特殊情况1. 特殊疑问句:Where was the bag found?2. 感叹句:How beautifully the song was sung by the singer!3. 含有两个宾语的句子:We were given a gift by our friends.六、被动语态中的常见错误1. 错误的主语:The book is written by Shakespeare.(改为“The book was written by Shakespeare.”)2. 错误的时态:The photos were taken by me last weekend.(改为“The photos have been taken by me.”)通过对高中英语被动语态知识点的归纳总结,我们可以更好地理解和应用被动语态。

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法被动语态是英语语法中常用的一个句子结构,被动语态的构成和用法对于学习英语的学生来说非常重要。

本文将就高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法进行详细解析,帮助学生更好地掌握这个语法结构。

一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成由两部分组成:be动词的各种时态形式和过去分词。

根据主句的时态和语态,be动词的形式会相应发生变化。

1. 现在时态的被动语态构成方式:主动语态:主语 + 动词(to be) + 过去分词被动语态:主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词2. 过去时态的被动语态构成方式:主动语态:主语 + 动词(to be) + 过去分词被动语态:主语 + was/were + 过去分词3. 将来时态的被动语态构成方式:主动语态:主语 + 动词(to be) + going to + 过去分词被动语态:主语 + will be + 过去分词4. 现在完成时态的被动语态构成方式:主动语态:主语 + have/has + 过去分词被动语态:主语 + have/has been + 过去分词二、被动语态的用法被动语态主要用来强调动作的承受者,或表达客观事实,又或者在不知道或想隐瞒动作执行者时使用。

下面将介绍被动语态的常见用法:1. 及物动词的被动语态:及物动词是指需要宾语才能完整表达意思的动词,常见的及物动词有:write, read, eat, drink等。

在被动语态中,及物动词的宾语变成主语,而原来的主语则成为介词"by"引导的短语。

例句:Active: John wrote a letter.(约翰写了一封信。

)Passive: A letter was written by John.(一封信被约翰写了。

)2. 不及物动词的被动语态:不及物动词是指没有宾语的动词,如:arrive, come, go等。

这类动词在被动语态中的主语仍然是动作的承受者,同样需要使用be动词的相应时态形式和过去分词构成。

(完整word)高中英语被动语态讲解与练习(含答案)-推荐文档

(完整word)高中英语被动语态讲解与练习(含答案)-推荐文档

高中英语被动语态总结一、被动语态的构成形式1.被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式.被动语态由be+过去分词构成, be随时态的变化而变化。

以do为例, 各种时态的被动语态形式为:1.am/is/ar.+don.(过去分词.一般现在时. 2.ha./hav.bee.don.现在完成时3.am/i./ar.bein.don.现在进行时4.was/wer.don.一般过去时5.ha.bee.don.过去完成时6.was/wer.bein.don.过去进行时7.shall/wil.b.don.一般将来时8.should/woul.b.don.过去将来时9.shall/wil.hav.bee.don.将来完成时(少用)10.should/woul.hav.bee.don.过去将来完成时(少用)2.被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。

其形式为: 情态动词+be+过去分词。

例Th.bab.shoul.b.take.goo.car.o.b.th.baby-sitter.2.有些动词可以有两个宾语, 在用于被动结构时, 可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语, 另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。

通常变为主语的是间接宾语。

例Hi.mothe.gav.hi..presen.fo.hi.birthday.可改.H.wa.give..presen.b.hi.mothe.fo.hi.birthday.3.当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时, 将宾语变为被动结构中的主语, 其余不动。

例Someon.caugh.th.bo.smokin..cigarette.可改为Th.bo.wa.caugh.smokin..cigarette.4)在使役动词have.make.get以及感官动词see.watch.notice.hear.feel.observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时, 在主动结构中不定式to要省略, 但变为被动结构时, 要加to。

高中英语被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)

高中英语被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)
1.如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者,该句一般为被动语态,否则为系表结构。
例The glass is broken.(系表结构)
The glass was broken by the boy.(被动语态)
2.如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时,一般为被动语态。
7.“outof+名词”结构;表示“超出⋯⋯之外“,常见的有:out of control (控制不了),out of sight(超
出视线之外),out of one’s reach够(不着), out of fashion(不流行)等。
例The plane was out of control (can’t be controlled.)。
据建议。
例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.(=The boy is said to have passed the
national exam.)
四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义
1.英语中有很多动词如break,catch,clean,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash等,当它
10)should/would have been done过去将来完成时(少用)
2.被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为:情态动词+be+过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2)有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一宾语仍然
6.在therebe⋯句型中,当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时,不定式用主动式作定语,重点在人,用被动形

(完整word版)高中英语语法被动语态

(完整word版)高中英语语法被动语态

高中英语语法-被动语态一.定义语态(voice)表示主语与谓语动词之间的关系。

当主语是动作的动词用(Active V oice);如果主语是动作的,动词便用(Passive V oice)。

被动语态由be+及物动词的过去分词构成。

二.考点:考查时态和语态的掌握、与主谓一致连考题型:①②例1.The problem solved and the foreigner got into the taxi.(短文改错)2.Now college graduates (encourage)to start their own business which sounds really good for them.(语法填空)3.Truly elegant chopstics might (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.(语法填空)三.做题步骤①判断语态②判断时态③套用具体时态的被动语态形式④注意主谓一致四.各种时态的被动语态形式1) 一般现在时:Subject+ be(am/is/are) +done (过去分词)2)一般过去时:3)一般将来时: Subject+ shall/will/ be going to be done (过去分词)4)过去将来时:5)现在进行时: Subject+ be(am/is/are) being done(过去分词)6)过去进行时:7)现在完成时: Subject+has /have been done8)过去完成时:9)带有情态动词时: Subject+情态动词+be+done (过去分词)五.掌握基础,学以致用(用所给动词适当形式填空)1.Visitors (request) not to take photos here.2. The classroom must (clean) every day.3. I (give) ten minutes to decide whether I studied abroad or not.4. you (invited) to a party held in the sckool hall tomorrow.5. A new cinema (build)here now.6.The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets _ _.(book)7. A meeting (hold) when I was there.8. ---- Have you moved into the new house?---- Not yet, the rooms ___ __.(paint)9. The letter (receive)already.10. He said a satisfying plan (put) forward next week.六.被动语态与系表结构的区别并非所有的“be+过去分词”都为被动语态;有些为系表结构。

高中英语知识点归纳动词的被动语态

高中英语知识点归纳动词的被动语态

高中英语知识点归纳动词的被动语态动词的被动语态是英语中一种常见的语法结构,在高中英语学习中占据重要的位置。

掌握被动语态的使用方法和相关知识点,对于正确理解和运用英语语法是非常关键的。

本文将对高中英语中动词的被动语态进行归纳总结,帮助学生更好地掌握和运用这一语法结构。

I. 被动语态的基本形式被动语态由"be"动词的不同时态形式加上动词的过去分词构成。

其中,被动语态的时态与主动语态保持一致,只是谓语动词的形式发生了变化。

例如:1. 一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are + 过去分词(例句:The book is read by Tom. 这本书被汤姆读了。

)2. 一般过去时的被动语态:was/were + 过去分词(例句:The letter was written by John. 这封信是约翰写的。

)3. 一般将来时的被动语态:will be + 过去分词(例句:The cake will be eaten by the children. 蛋糕将会被孩子们吃掉。

)除了基本形式外,被动语态还可以与情态动词连用,形成不同时态的情态被动语态。

例如:1. 情态动词can的被动语态:can be + 过去分词(例句:The problem can be solved by the teacher. 这个问题可以被老师解决。

)2. 情态动词should的被动语态:should be + 过去分词(例句:The car should be repaired by a professional mechanic. 这辆车应该由专业的机械师修理。

)II. 被动语态的用法1. 当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时,可以使用被动语态。

例如:(例句:The vase was broken. 这个花瓶被打破了。

)2. 当动作的承受者比执行者更重要或更值得强调时,可以使用被动语态。

例如:(例句:The cake was made by my grandmother.这个蛋糕是我奶奶做的。

高中英语语法---被动语态

高中英语语法---被动语态

高中英语语法---被动语态语态也是动词的一种形式,表示主语与谓语之间的关系。

英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者,如:People grew rice in this area some years ago.被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者,如:A new swimming pool will be built on our school.一.被动语态的构成被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。

助动词be随着主语的人称,数,时态和语气的不同而变化。

各种时态的被动语态形式如下:1.一般现在时am/is/are+V(p.p)人们利用电能运转机器。

People use electricity to run machines. Electricity is used to run machines.Is electricity used to run machines? Yes, it is . / No, it isn't.2.一般过去时was/were + V(p.p)昨天我们在山坡上种了许多树。

We planted many trees on the hill yesterday.Many trees were planted on the hill yesterday.Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday? Yes, they were. / No, they were not. 3.一般将来时will/shall +be+V(p.p)下星期我们将举行一场运动会。

We will hold a sports meeting next week.A sports meeting will be held next week.Will a sports meeting be held next week? Yes, it will. / No, it won't.4.过去将来时should/would +be+V(p.p)他告诉我们人们将在他家乡建一个大水坝。

高中英语语法 被动语态

高中英语语法  被动语态

高中英语语法被动语态一、被动语态概述语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。

英语的语态共有两种:主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,一般说来,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。

汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。

如:He opened the door. 他打开了这扇门。

(主动语态)The door was opened. 这扇门被打开了。

(被动语态)二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。

被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式,过去分词部分不变。

疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。

1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种,现以动词clean为例列表说明:2、被动语态的句式变化:以一般现在时和动词invite为例,列表说明被动语态的句式变化:3、含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词的被动语态结构为:情态动词+be+过去分词;其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成,“be+过去分词”部分不变。

如:Tables can be made of stone. 桌子可由石头制造。

Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。

(一般过去时)Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗?(疑问句)三、被动语态的用法:1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。

如:The bridge was built last year. 这座桥是去年建造的。

He was elected chairman. 他被选为主席。

2、当更加强调动作的承受者时。

此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后,不需要时可以省略。

如:The room hasn't been cleaned yet. 房间还没有打扫。

The tiger was killed by him. 老虎被他杀死了。

高中英语语法——被动语态

高中英语语法——被动语态

高中英语语法——被动语态一、被动语态的构成被动语态是由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成,如果有必要强调动作的执行者,动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示。

助动词be随主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。

A. 十种常见时态的被动语态1. 一般现在时主动语态:do被动语态:amisare doneWe clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。

The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。

Such songs are usually sung by girls. 这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。

Russian is not taught in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。

Are many goods shipped abroad every day 每天都有许多货物运往国外吗2.一般过去时主动语态:did被动语态:waswere doneWe cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天我们打扫了教室。

The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。

The window was broken by my son. 窗子是我儿子打破的。

Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗?How much money was stolen in all 一共被偷了多少钱?3.一般将来时主动语态:willshall do被动语态:willshall be doneWe will clean the classroom soon. 我们很快要打扫教室。

The classroom will be cleaned soon. 教室很快要被打扫了。

The work will be done immediately. 这工作将马上做。

高中英语语法复习课件_被动语态

高中英语语法复习课件_被动语态

但是别的时候要看具体情况而定: This book sells well. So far, 200 books have been sold out.
The sentence was read clearly by her.
2.非谓语动词主动表被动的情况:
(1)不定式to blame, to let用做表语时,通常用 主动表被动。 Who is to blame?(该怪谁呢?) The house is to let. (此屋出租。) (2)在“be +形容词+to do”结构中的不定式通 常…… The question is difficult to answer. Do you think the water is safe to drink?
The Passive Voice 被动语态
了解被动语态
1.英语中有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态
被动语态构成:be+P.P
2、形式: 1) 一般现在时:am/is/are+P.P 2) 一般过去时:was/were+P.P 3) 情态动词+be+P.P 4) 一般将来时:will +be +p.p 5) 现在完成时:have/has+been+P.P
(3) 不定式用于某些动词的(have, have got, get, want, need)宾语后做定语时:
I have some letters to write. I want something to drink. 但是注意: I have something to type.(我自己打) I have something to be typed. (请别人打) 所以: 当不定式的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致时就用主动 表被动,若不一致,则需用被动表被动。 I have a letter to post. (自己寄) I have a letter to be posted. (请别人寄)

高中英语语法被动语态(共29张PPT)

高中英语语法被动语态(共29张PPT)
2.They take good care of the baby.
The baby is taken good care of by them.
注意:含动词词组的被动语态,须
将其看作一个整体,不可把它们分 隔开来。
• 三注意:
• 1.看时间状语确定时态. • 2.看主语确定be, have 的正确形式. • 3.记准动词的过去分词.

宾(受动者)
Bowls are washed byhis brother every day.
1.They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语
Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.
一般现在时:S(主语)+am/is /are +过去分 词
5)Exercises: 一.选择填空: 1. Windows__C___ of glass. A.be made B. is made C. are made D. been
made 2. The house__C___ in 2004. A.is built B. is building C. was built D. used 3. A coat can___A__ for keeping warm. A.be used B. is used C. been used D. used
The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.
一般将来时:S+will\shall +be +P.P.
Be going to +be +P.P.
4.Amy can take good care of Gina .

高中英语语法(被动语态)

高中英语语法(被动语态)
Great changes have taken place in this city. That bike doesn’t belong to Mike.
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被动语态的注意事项
2) 表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态 have / fit
I have a TV set. The coat fits me well.
52
被动语态的注意事项
3).主语+sound (feel, look, smell, taste )+形容词 ①The music___________ (sound) wonderful. ②The clothes___________ (feel) comfortable. ③The ice cream_________ (taste) good.
They can sing some beautiful songs.
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They can sing some beautiful songs.
Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.
49
被动语态的构成及用法
时态
语态
主动态
被动态
一般现在时
do/does
be +done 结构
1. The cup was broken by the boy. 2. English is spoken by lots of people in the world. 3. A speech will be given this afternoon. 4. I thought thousands of people would be helped.
现在完成时
has/have done has/have + been done

高中英语语法被动语态

高中英语语法被动语态

精心整理高中英语被动语态总结???汉语中有的被动句的形式标记不是“被”字,而是“让”、“给”、“叫”、“受”、“遭”、?“?为…所…”、“挨”、?“由”、?“使”、“把”、“得到”、?“获”、?“予以”、“加以”、“经过”、等.英语被动句译为不带被动标志性词语但包含被动??许多汉语句子不带表被动意义1.2.主动语态:We?cleaned?the?classroom?last?night.(我们昨晚打扫了教室。

)?被动语态:The?classroom?was?cleaned?by?us?last?night.?(昨晚教室被我们打扫了。

)??3.一般将来时:will?(?shall?/?be?going?to?)?be?+?done?主动语态:We?will?clean?the?classroom?tomorrow.(我们明天将打扫教室。

)?被动语态:The?classroom?will?be?cleaned?by?us?tomorrow.(明天教室将被我们打扫。

)??4.现在进行时:am?(?is,?are?)?being?+?done?5.(?(?6.)?? 7.带情态动词的被动语态:?must?(?can,?may,?should,?need,?would?)?be?+?done?主动语态:We?must?clean?the?classroom.?(?我们必须打扫教室。

)?被动语态:The?classroom?must?be?cleaned?by?us.(?教室必须被我们打扫)。

翻译练习一般现在时①?Paper?is?made?from?wood.?(纸是由木材生产出来的。

)?⑤?The?workers?were?made?to?work?12?hours?a?day.(工人们被迫每天工作12小时。

)???现在进行时?①?The?computer?is?being?mended.?(那台电脑正在被修理。

高中英语语法——被动语态(30张PPT)

高中英语语法——被动语态(30张PPT)

主语
谓语 宾语
二、被动语态的一般结构:
动词的被动语态由“助动词be+及物动 词的过去分词”构成。当主动句变为被 动句时,原来的宾语变成了主语,原来 的主语变成了介词by 的宾语。主动句与 被动句的结构虽然不同,但动作的执行 者和承受者的关系并没有改变。
即:be+ done (+ by)
结构: be+ done (+ by)
1. Liu Xiang has ever broken the world record. The world record has ever been broken by Liu Xiang.
2. The floor has been cleaned by my mother.
My mother has cleaned the floor.
The old library is going to be pulled down soon.
E.g.:他的新书下个月就要出版了。
His new book is going to be published next month.
2 be to do sth. be to be done
E.g.:这个任务要在10分钟之内完成。
The wall is about to be painted by the worker.
Obama has become
the first AfricanAmerican president in the United States of America.
The Present Perfect Tense Sentence structure:
subject + have/has +been+ done

(完整版)英语语法之被动语态

(完整版)英语语法之被动语态

被动语态一、什么是被动语态?英语中时态很多,但语态不多,只有两种,即:主动语态和被动语态。

所谓“被动语态”,相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式,如:“他的自行车被偷了。

”,“这座楼房是由他们建造的.”二、动语态的运用(1)不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要。

例如:Paper is made from wood。

(纸是由木材生产出来的。

)The house is quite old。

It was built in 1950. (这座房子太旧了。

它是1950年建成的。

)He was wounded in the fight. (他在战斗在受伤了.)Electricity is used to run machines. (电是用来开动机器的。

)(2)需要强调动作的对象时。

例如:Calculator can't be used in the maths exam。

(计算器不能用于数学考试.)Books and newspapers in the reading room mustn’t be taken away. (阅览室的书籍和报纸不准带走。

)He was awarded first prize in that contest。

(他在比赛中获得了第一。

)(3)为了使语气婉转,避免提到是谁做的这件事。

例如:The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month。

(新实验室必须在下个月底前完工.)三、各种时态的被动语态举例一般地讲,被动语态可用于英语的各种时态.被动语态的结构为“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词(p.p)”。

被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的,其人称和数方面应与主语保持一致。

其具体变化为:1、一般现在时的被动语态. am / is / are + 动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned every day.This car is made in China.2、一般过去式的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词His desk was cleaned just now。

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成与应用技巧

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成与应用技巧

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成与应用技巧被动语态是英语中常见的一种语法结构,它经常被用来强调动作的承受者或者在不方便透露动作执行者的情况下使用。

在高中英语学习过程中,了解被动语态的构成和应用技巧对于提高语言表达能力至关重要。

本文将系统地归纳被动语态的构成方式及其在实际应用中的技巧。

一、被动语态的构成方式1. 基本结构被动语态的基本结构由“be + 过去分词(past participle)”构成。

不同的时态和语态形式会对“be”动词进行变化。

例如:- 现在时态:am/is/are + 过去分词- 过去时态:was/were + 过去分词- 将来时态:will be + 过去分词- 现在完成时态:have/has been + 过去分词- 过去完成时态:had been + 过去分词2. 注意事项- 在构成被动语态时,要根据句子的时态和主语的人称来选择正确的“be”动词形式。

- 过去分词通常由动词的过去分词形式构成。

例如:- 主动语态:They build houses.(他们建造房屋。

)- 被动语态:Houses are built by them.(房屋被他们建造。

)3. 宾语的处理在被动语态中,主动语态的宾语通常变成被动语态的主语,而主动语态的主语则变成被动语态的介词短语(通常由“by”引导)或被省略。

例如:- 主动语态:They eat apples.(他们吃苹果。

)- 被动语态:Apples are eaten by them.(苹果被他们吃。

)二、应用技巧1. 强调动作的承受者被动语态经常被用来强调动作的承受者,这样可以使句子更加生动有力。

例如:- 主动语态:They sell the products online.(他们在网上销售产品。

)- 被动语态:The products are sold online by them.(产品在网上被他们销售。

)2. 避免透露动作执行者有时候,在句子中不方便或者不需要透露动作的执行者,被动语态可以起到这样的作用。

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高中英语语法-被动语态一.定义语态(voice)表示主语与谓语动词之间的关系。

当主语是动作的动词用(Active V oice);如果主语是动作的,动词便用(Passive V oice)。

被动语态由be+及物动词的过去分词构成。

二.考点:考查时态和语态的掌握、与主谓一致连考题型:①②例1.The problem solved and the foreigner got into the taxi.(短文改错)2.Now college graduates (encourage)to start their own business which sounds really good for them.(语法填空)3.Truly elegant chopstics might (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.(语法填空)三.做题步骤①判断语态②判断时态③套用具体时态的被动语态形式④注意主谓一致四.各种时态的被动语态形式1) 一般现在时:Subject+ be(am/is/are) +done (过去分词)2)一般过去时:3)一般将来时: Subject+ shall/will/ be going to be done (过去分词)4)过去将来时:5)现在进行时: Subject+ be(am/is/are) being done(过去分词)6)过去进行时:7)现在完成时: Subject+has /have been done8)过去完成时:9)带有情态动词时: Subject+情态动词+be+done (过去分词)五.掌握基础,学以致用(用所给动词适当形式填空)1.Visitors (request) not to take photos here.2. The classroom must (clean) every day.3. I (give) ten minutes to decide whether I studied abroad or not.4. you (invited) to a party held in the sckool hall tomorrow.5. A new cinema (build)here now.6.The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets _ _.(book)7. A meeting (hold) when I was there.8. ---- Have you moved into the new house?---- Not yet, the rooms ___ __.(paint)9. The letter (receive)already.10. He said a satisfying plan (put) forward next week.六.被动语态与系表结构的区别并非所有的“be+过去分词”都为被动语态;有些为系表结构。

be后面的过去分词是表语,相当于形容词,表示主语的特点或所处的状态,其区分办法如下:①如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者,该句一般为被动语态,否则为系表结构。

例The street is crowed. (系表结构)She is very excited. (系表结构)The glass is broken.(系表结构)The glass was broken by the boy.(被动语态)②如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时,一般为被动语态。

例The cup is broken. (系表结构)The cup was broken this morning. (被动语态)The door is locked.(系表结构)The door has already/just been locked.(被动语态)③被动语态除用于一般时态和完成时态外,还可以用于其他各种时态,而系表结构中的系动词be只有一般时态和完成时态。

例The machine is being repaired.七. 主动形式表被动意义的情况⑴练习:判断下列句子是否正确1.This kind of cloth is washed well.2.Great changes have been taken place in our hometown recent years.3.The house is belonged to my uncle.4.My dream has been come true.5.This kind of book is sold well.6.The man was proved to be a thief at last.7.This problem is difficult to be worked out .8.The war was broken out in 1991.9.What will be happened in one thousand years.10.The class is begun at 7 o’clock.⑵熟记主动形式表被动意义的情况1.英语中有很多动词如break,cook,begin,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash,cut, wear, 等,当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时,常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。

例This kind of cloth washes well.The food cooks well.2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语,如:happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out,belong to 等以主动形式表示被动意义。

例How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢?All my money ran out. 所有的钱都用完了。

3. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, look, feel, 等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。

例Your reason sounds reasonable.The dishes taste great.4、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义。

①在need,want,require, bear等词的后面,动名词用主动形式表示被动意义,其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。

The house needs repairing(to be repaired).这房子需要修理。

②形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,但不能跟动词不定式;而worthy 后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。

例The picture-book is well worth reading.=The picture-book is very worthy to be read.③动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时,又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。

例I have a lot of things to do this afternoon.(to do与things是动宾关系,与I是主谓关系。

) 试比较:I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。

)④在某些“形容词+不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中,句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时,这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。

这些形容词有nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting等。

例This problem is difficult to work out .The air here is pleasant to breathe.注意:①在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to。

例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.A stranger was seen to walk into the building.②有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。

其中的介词或副词也不能省略。

例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.The old man was taken good care of by us.综合练习一、选择题( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?A. Is; builtB. Was; builtC. Does; buildD. Did ; build( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week.A. has been happenedB. was happenedC. is happenedD. happened( )3.Cotton(棉花)____ in the southeast of China.A. is grownB. are grownC. growsD. grow( )4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.A.is visitedB. will be visitedC. has been visitedD. was visited( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.A. is givenB. has been givenC. will be givenD. gives( )6.How many trees ____ this year?A. are plantedB. will plantC. have been plantedD. planted( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.A. are doingB. are being doneC. has been doneD. will be done( )8.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year.A. did; useB. was; usedC. is; usedD. are; used( )9.The Great Wall ____ all over the world.A. knowsB. knewC. is knownD. was known( )10.Who _____ this book _____?A. did; writtenB. was; written byC. did; writtenD. was; written( )11.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.A. was told usB. was told to usC. is told usD. told us( )12.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree.A. jumpB. jumpsC. jumpedD. to jump ( )13.The school bag ___ behind the chair.A. putsB. can be putC. can be puttedD. can put( )14.Older people ____ well.A. looks afterB. must be looked afterC. must look afterD. looked after( )15.Our teacher ______ carefully.A. should be listened toB. should be listenC. be listenedD. is listened二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。

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