动词不定式语法(初中)

动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（2点）
2．不定式作宾语时，如带有宾语补足语， 则要把不定式放到后面，用it作形式宾语， 构成“主语+动词+it+宾补（形容词、名 词）+不定式”结构。如： He found it very difficult to get to sleep. 他发现很难入睡。
动词不定式作宾语补足语
1．后面能接to不定式作宾语补足语的动词有： ask, order, teach, tell, want, wish, help等。 The teacher told us to do Exercise 1. 老师要我们做练习一。 I want both of you to go. 我要你们俩去。 We helped her (to) repair her bike. 我们帮助她修理自行车。
注意
A to .有些动词后面的不定式不带 ，如feel
（一感）hear,listen to（二听）make, have, let（三让） see, watch, notice, observe（四看）.
I heard them sing a pop song .
The teacher made me answer the question.
1. My parents often tell my sister and me ______ to the teachers carefully
in class.
A. listen
B. listens
C. listening
D. to listen
2. Their teacher often ______ them a funny story ______ his class lovely
We watched them play football .
动词不定式作宾语补足语
2．使役动词let, have, make及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel等要以不带to的不定式作宾补。 Let’s have a rest. 我们休息一会吧。 I saw him come in. 我看见他进来了。 感官动词后既可跟不带to的不定式作宾补，也可跟ving作宾补，前者表示动作的全部过程已结束；后者表 示动作正在进行。 I saw him come downstairs.我看见他下了楼。（说 明他下楼了这件事） I saw him coming downstairs.我看见他在下楼。（说 明他下楼时的情景）
注意
C. 带疑问词的动词不定式在to
前加疑问词。
Mr.Lin will teach us how to use the computer. Can you tell me where to get the book?
注意
D. 作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，
动词不定式常常省去to 后面的动词， 只保留to 。
4. The boy was too busy ______ his father last term.
作宾语
足语、定语和状语。
本单元学习不定式 做宾语和宾语补足 语。
作宾语补足语
动词不定式作宾语
后面能接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, ask, choose, decide, forget, hope, learn, want, wish, would like等。如： We hope to get there before dark. 我们希望 天黑以前到那儿。 The girl decided to do it herself. 那个姑娘决 定自己做那件事。
注意
动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（2点）
1．有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾 语，但含义不同：
remember to do 记住要做某事；remember doing 记得曾经做过 某事 forget to do忘记要做某事 forget doing 忘记曾经做过某事
stop to do 停下来去做某事 stop doing 停止做某事 go on to do 继续做另一件事 go on doing 继续做原来在做的事 I remember seeing you somewhere before. 我记得以前在哪儿见过你。 Please remember to turn off the light when you leave. 离开时请记得关好灯。
and interesting.
A. tells; to make
B. talks; to make
C. says; makes
D. speaks; makes
3. The teacher told the students ______ in class.
A. not talk B. don’t talk C. didn’t talk D. not to talk
注意
动词不定式的否定形式
动词不定式的否定式是在to前加not；不带to的 不定式则在动词前加not. 如： Zhang Ming asked me not to stay at home all day. 张明要我不要整天呆在家里。 My mother let me not do it by myself. 妈妈让我不要独自做这件事。
动词不定式
定义 构成 用法
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种， 它没有人称和数的变化，在句子 中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保持 动词的特点，既可以有自己的宾 语和状语。
动词不定式 的构成： to+动词原形
动词不定式 的用法
动词不定式具有名
词、形容词和副词 功能：
的特征。因此在句
中可以做主语、表 语、宾语、宾语补
A:Would you like to come to my party? B: Yes , I’d love to ( come to your party). Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。 Mary wanted to use my bike, but I asked hLeabharlann Baidur not to ( use my bike).