动词不定式语法(初中)
第十二章动词不定式(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳
第十二章动词不定式思维导图知识梳理一、不定式概述动词不定式的基本形式是:“t o+动词原形”,有时可以不带to.不带to的不定式与动词原形同形,但它不是原形,而是一种语法形式.除基本助动词do和情态动词外,英语动词都有不定式形式.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分－主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语.动词不定式和它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语.不定式有时态、语态变化(以do为例):动词不定式的句法作用(一)作主语用作主语的动词不定式通常表示一种具体的、特定的行为,其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式.To obey the laws is everyone's duty.服从法律是每个人的职责.How to use the computer is a question.怎么使用计算机是一个问题.How to get there is not decided yet.怎样去那里还没决定下来.点拨(1)在很多情况下,常用it作形式主语,而把真实主语不定式放在谓语之后.It was difficult to sell my car.我的车很难卖掉.It's not known where to stay for the night.在哪里过夜还不知道.(2)如果要表示不定式的动作是谁做的,一般在不定式前加一个for短语.It will be a regret for us not to help him.我们没有帮助他是个遗憾.(3)在某些形容词(如kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite等)作表语时,不定式前常可加一个以of引起的短语,来说明不定式指的是谁的情况.It would be rude of us to refuse their invitation.(我们)拒绝他们的邀请,会显得无礼.(二)作表语作表语,一般紧跟在系动词,如:be, seem, get等后面,用以说明主语.The question is when to start.问题是什么时候启程.You seem to have lost weight.你好像减肥了.What we have to do first is to find a solution.我们得做的第一件事是找出一个解决办法.点拨当不定式所作的表语仅用来说明主语的内容时,这个不定式只作单纯的表语,而不具有未来的含义.(三)作宾语能以不定式作宾语的动词很多,常见的有:agree, begin, decide, expect, forget, hope, learn, like, manage, pretend, start, try, want, wish等.Do you wish to see the manager?你想见经理吗?They decided to learn English hard.他们决定好好学英语.Don't forget to meet me at 6:00.别忘了六点钟和我见面.有些动词,如:tell, advise, show, teach, know, forget, learn , remember, show,understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, decide, discuss等后面,常用带疑问词的不定式作宾语.We don't know who(whom)to ask.我们不知道问谁.We asked how to get to the station.我们问怎么到达车站.Have you decided where to go for your holidays?你们决定到哪儿度假了吗?I don't know whether to apply for the job or not?那份工作我不知道申请还是不申请?(四)作定语I have no time to waste.我没有时间可浪费.Let me find a place to park.我来找个停车的地方.He is always the first to come to work and the last to leave.他总是第一个来上班,最后一个走.点拨不定式修饰something, anything, nothing时,放在它们的后面.如果something, anything, nothing 有形容词来修饰,词序是something(nothing...)+形容词＋不定式.My father had something to do.我父亲有事要办.Have you got anything important to buy?你有什么重要的东西要买吗?(五)作状语不定式常可用作状语,修饰动词,表示行为的目的、结果、原因等.一般放在被修饰词之后,但在表示目的时,为了强调也可放在句首.1.作目的状语为加强语气在否定式前还可加上in order或so as组成词组(即:in order to...,so as to...),作状语表示目的.To live a long and healthy life, we must learn to have a balanced diet.为了能过长寿而健康的生活,我们必须懂得吃均衡的食品.I stayed there so as to see what would happen.我留在那儿,为的是想看看会发生什么事.In order to help him, we would do everything we can.为了帮助他,我们愿意尽一切力量.2.作结果状语表结果,其逻辑主语通常亦是全句的主语.在“so...as to...”“such...as to..“enough to...”“only to...”以及“too...to...”等结构中的不定式皆表示结果.She is old enough to go to school.她已到了可以上学的年龄了.He was too drunk to drive home.他酩酊大醉,没法开车回家.3.作原因状语She trembled to think of the terrible accident.想到那可怕的车祸,她就不寒而栗.We jumped with joy to hear the news.听到这消息,我们都高兴地跳了起来.(六)宾语补足语1、有很多动词的后面都可以有不定式作宾语补足语常见的这类动词有:advise, ask, tell, help, wish, want, expect, forbid, persuade, press, request, teach, warn等.She asked her grandfather to play game with her.她请爷爷跟她一起做游戏.Mother told me to cook the meal.妈妈叫我做饭.2.有一些动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to,这种动词有两类:一类是感觉动词,另一类是使役动词感觉动词:如feel, see, hear, watch, notice等.使役动词:如make, let, have等.Let me do it for you.让我来替你做.Don't let her go out.别让她出去.I made him work hard.我迫使他加劲干.(1)动词help之后,复合宾语中的不定式可带to,亦可不带to.在上述动词转换为被动结构时,其后的不定式必须带to.He was seen to enter the theatre.有人看见他走进了剧院.I was made to do my homework the whole night.我被迫整晚做作业.Can you help me (to) move this table?你能帮我移动一下这张桌子吗?(2)感官动词的宾语补足语有两种形式:不带to的不定式和动词-ing形式.I heard Meimei singing in her room when I went past.我路过的时候听见梅梅在房间里唱歌.(路过的瞬间正在唱,所以用singing)We often hear Meimei sing in her room.我们经常听见梅梅在房间里唱歌.(经常听见,用不定式)I saw him come in.I saw him coming in.两句话的意思都一样:我看见他进来.用不定式着重于动作的全过程,用动词-ing形式则是强调当时动作的进行情况.3.当谓语动词为think, make, find, consider, feel, regard等词,作宾语的不定式后面有宾语补足语时,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在补足语的后面I find it easy to learn English well.我发现要把英语学好很容易.三、不定式的主要句型及注意事项(一)不定式的否定式不定式的否定式:not+不定式,经常和ask(tell)sb. to do sth.句型连用.She asked me not to drive him to the station.她要我不要开车送他到车站.Try not to be late.争取不要迟到.Mary asked me not to give my pen to Jimmy.玛丽让我别把笔给吉米.She decided not to come here again.她决定不再到这儿来.点拨不定式的否定式和否定句的区别:I asked him not to open the door.我让他别把门打开.I didn't ask him to open the door.我没让他把门打开.(二)不定式的进行时态进行式:表示在谓语动词所表示的动作或状态发生时正在进行.It's nice to be sitting here with you.在这儿陪你坐着是非常愉快的.It is unwise for him to be talking that topic all the time.他老是谈论这件事,很不明智.(三)不定式的完成时态完成式表示在谓语动词的动作或状态发生时已经完成.She said she was sorry to have missed you.她说她没见到你很遗憾.He seemed to have visited our factory.他好像参观过我们的工厂.They appeared to have met before.他们看来以前见过面.(四)动词不定式的被动语态表示被动意义I didn't want to be told about it.我不想被告知这件事.Nothing seems to have been forgotten.似乎什么也没有被遗忘.The building is said to have been destroyed in a fire two years ago.据说这幢大楼两年前已毁于一场大火.在以某些形容词,如kind, good, silly, honest, bad, stupid, bold, clever, cruel,courteous, nice, rude, sensible, tactful, wise, wrong等作表语时,后面需用以“of+名词(或代词宾格)＋不定式”结构,以说明不定式所表示的动作的执行者是谁(即of短语是不定式的逻辑主语).It's very good of you to come.谢谢你的光临.How silly of you (it is)to make such a mistake!你出了这样的差错,多傻啊！It's very kind of you to say so.多谢你这么说.在had better, had best, would rather, would rather...than, would sooner, would sooner...than, cannot but, do nothing but等结构后面的不定式要省略“to”.You had better write it in English.你最好用英文写.I would rather stay at home.我宁愿待在家里.好题精练一、用-ing形式或不定式的适当形式完成句子1.Do you enjoy_________ football?(play)2.Fred didn't have any money, so he decided_________ a job.(take)3.We're going out for dinner, Would you like_________ us?(join)4.The teacher reminded the students_________ their test paper on time.(finish)5.When I was tired, I enjoyed_________ TV.(watch)6.It was a nice day, so the old man agreed_________ for a walk.(go)7.I'm not in a hurry, I don't mind_________.(wait)答案:1.playing2.to take3.to join4.to finish5.watching6.to go7.waiting二、选择括号内所给词组完成句子,注意括号内“go+v.-ing形式”构成固定搭配的用法(go boating; go fishing; go dancing; go running; go skating; go hunting; go singing)1.She's a good dancer. She always_________ on Saturday.2.I've got a gun. I'll_________ with that strong hunter next weekend.3.“Where is Tim?”“He has. _________ He always runs in the morning.”4.We have enough fish to eat. Our father_________ every day.答案:1.goes dancing2.go hunting3.gone running4.goes fishing三、仿照示例改写下列句子示例:It is very interesting to play baseball.→ To play baseball is very interesting.1.lt was not polite to speak that way before Mr. Lee.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.It can be quite easy to travel by air.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.lt will be no problem to arrive there before noon.____________________________________________________________________________________________4.To make those strangers believe us was so difficult.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.To help Tom speak Chinese well is not at all easy.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案:1.To speak that way before Mr. Lee was not polite.2.To travel by air can be quite easy.3.To arrive there before noon will be no problem.4.It was so difficult to make those strangers believe us.5.It is not at all easy to help Tom (to) speak Chinese well.四、选择填空1. _________ the bookstore, he stopped_________ a few books.A. Passing; buyingB. Passing; to buyC. To pass; buyingD. Having passed; to buy2.Bruce,look at your dirty shoes, You'd better_________ them right now.A. washedB. washingC. washD. to wash3. _________ the room, I found the computer_________.A. Entering; stealingB. Entering; stolenC. To enter; stealD. To enter; stealing4.We've worked hard for nearly one hour. Let's stop_________ a rest now.A. haveB. to haveC. havingD. have had5.My mother always tells me not_________ to the net bars(网吧)．A. goB. to goC. goesD. going6.The teacher asked us_________ English for half an hour in the morning.A. reads B reading C. to read D. read7.You will have to get up early tomorrow. Stop_________ TV, Peter.A. watchesB. watchC. to watchD. watching8.I find it hard_________ English well.A. learnB. learningC. to learnD. learns9.The teacher asked John_________ a short talk in our class meeting.A. giveB. to giveC. gaveD. giving10.The girl was too poor_________ a houseA. to buy; to live inB. to buy ;to liveC. buy; to liveD. buying; living in11.It was very late at night, but Mr. Brown still went on_________.A. works B .worked C. working D. work12.Remember_________ him about it before he goes away.A. tellB. to tellC. tellingD. to telling13.Lin Tao is strong enough_________ the big box.A. carryB. to carryC. carryingD. carries14.Her mother told her_________ in bed.A. not readB. not to readC. don't readD. to not read15.When class began, we stopped_________ to the teacher carefully.A. listeningB. listenC. listens D .to listen16.You'd better_________ the cinema by bus.A. don't goB. to goC. to go toD. go to17.What did the manager_________ you to_________ at the meeting?A. tell; sayB. ask; speakC. tell; speakD. ask; talk18.Tom was let_________ in the gate house.A. waitB. to waitC. waitingD. to have waited19.Mr.Hu has enough time_________ the job in two days.A. finishB. to finishC. finishingD. finished20.Look,the building_________ is our library.A. is repairedB. being repairedC. repairingD. to be repairing21. _________ no money, I could not buy this coat.A. HaveB. HavingC. To haveD. Have had22.The teacher has something important_________ us.A. to tellB. tellsC. tellingD. told23.Li Ming didn't know_________ next.A. to do whatB. what to doC. how to doD. what do24.I'd love_________ to your birthday party.A. comeB. cameC. to comeD. comes25.It took me two hours_________ by bus.A. to get thereB. to get to thereC. get thereD. get to there答案:1-5BCBBB 6-10CDCBA11-15CBBBD 16-20DABBB21-25 BABCA五、改正下列句子的错误1.He seems to not hear from her.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.I hope see you soon.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.I made them to give the money back.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.The scientist gave us some advice on how learning English.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.No one noticed him to leave the room.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.Have you given up to smoke?____________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.We found him waited at the school gate.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.Why not to turn off the light?____________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.She didn't want me go.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.I don't know to swim.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.China is a developed country belonging to the third world.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.It's getting dark. We have to find a hotel to live.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.He said he had an important meeting to attended.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.They don't allow that people smoke.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.It's difficult sell my car.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案:1.He seems not to...2.I hope to see...3.I made them give...4....how to learn...5....him leave...6....given up smoking?7...him waiting...8.Why not turn off...9.She didn't want me to go.10.I don't know how to swim.11....a developing...12....to live in13....to attend.14. ...people to smoke.15...to sell my car.。
初中英语中的动词不定式用法
初中英语中的动词不定式用法动词不定式是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它可以用来表示目的、原因、结果、意愿等。
在初中英语中，学生们需要掌握动词不定式的用法，以便正确地表达自己的意思。
本文将介绍初中英语中动词不定式的用法，并举例说明。
一、表示目的动词不定式可以用来表示一个动作或行为的目的。
常用的动词有：want, hope, plan, decide, learn, try等。
例如：1. I want to go to the park to play basketball.我想去公园打篮球。
2. She hopes to become a doctor in the future.她希望将来成为一名医生。
3. We plan to visit our grandparents this weekend.我们打算这个周末去看望我们的祖父母。
二、表示原因动词不定式也可以用来表示一个动作或行为的原因。
常用的动词有：because, since, as, for等。
例如：1. He is studying hard because he wants to pass the exam.他努力学习是因为他想通过考试。
2. Since it is raining, we can't go out to play.由于下雨，我们不能出去玩。
3. I am learning English as I want to communicate with people from different countries.我正在学习英语，因为我想和不同国家的人交流。
三、表示结果动词不定式还可以用来表示一个动作或行为的结果。
常用的动词有：cause, make, let, help等。
例如：1. The loud noise made me wake up.响亮的声音把我吵醒了。
2. My parents let me go to the party.我父母允许我去参加派对。
初中英语语法课件-非谓语动词之动词不定式的用法
“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语可转换为宾语从句。 Can you tell me where to get the book？ ＝Can you tell me where I can get the book? 你能告诉我哪里能得到这本书吗？
THE END
一些感官动词和使役动词要用不带to的动词不定式 作宾语补足语：这些动词有 一感(feel) 二听(hear, listen to) 三让(let, make, have) 四看(look at, see, watch, notice) 注： 变被动语态时必须加上to
5. 作定语
动词不定式作定语时，应放在所修饰词的 后面，它与被修饰词有逻辑上的动宾关系。 I have a lot of homework to do. 我有许多家庭作业要做。
动词不定式具有动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状 语，但它没有人称与数的变化，在句中也不能作谓语 ，动词不定式和自己的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。
My father asked me not to read in bed. 我爸爸告诉我不要在床上读书。 My job is to drive them to school every day. 我的工作是每天开车把他们送去学校。
初中英语语法
非谓语动词之 动词不定式
作为非谓语动词的一种，动词不定式 是我们英语学习中的重点以及难点！
动词不定式的构成 动词不定式由“to+ 动词原形”构成，如： to study, to play，to eat 动词不定式虽然不能作谓语动词用，但仍保留着 动词的特征，它可以带有所需要的宾语或状语而 构成动词不定式短语，如： to study hard, to play table tennis
初中动词不定用法讲解
初中动词不定用法讲解动词不定式是初中英语语法中的一个重要知识点，对于同学们来说，掌握好动词不定式的用法对于提高英语语言能力有着至关重要的作用。
下面我们就来详细讲解一下初中阶段动词不定式的用法。
一、动词不定式的构成动词不定式的基本形式是“to ＋动词原形”，其中“to”是动词不定式的符号，没有实际意义。
例如：“to study”（学习）、“to play”（玩耍）。
需要注意的是，在一些情况下，动词不定式符号“to”可以省略。
常见的有以下几种情况：1、使役动词 let、make、have 后接宾语补足语时，省略“to”。
例如：“Let him go”（让他走。
）“The boss made the workers work long hours”（老板让工人们长时间工作。
）2、感官动词see、hear、watch、notice、feel 等后接宾语补足语时，省略“to”。
例如：“I saw him enter the room”（我看见他进了房间。
）二、动词不定式的句法功能1、作主语动词不定式作主语时，通常被视为单数主语。
为了避免句子头重脚轻，常用 it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语动词不定式后置。
例如：“Tolearn English well is not easy”（学好英语不容易。
）这句话可以改写为：“It is not easy to learn English well”2、作宾语一些动词后面常接动词不定式作宾语，常见的有want、hope、wish、decide、plan、expect 等。
例如：“I want to go home”（我想回家。
）“She decides to study harder”（她决定更努力学习。
）3、作宾语补足语某些动词如 ask、tell、want、allow、encourage 等后面常接带“to”的动词不定式作宾语补足语。
例如：“My mother asks me to clean the room”（我妈妈叫我打扫房间。
初中动词不定式完整ppt课件
但有的动词（如：need, want, require等）后面接动名词或动 词不定式作宾语均可。
在It + be + 形容词（easy, difficult, expensive等） + 不 定式句型中，动词不定式常用it 作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语 放到句子后面。
作定语
动词不定式作定语时，要放在被修饰的名词之后，表示与这个名词有逻辑上的动宾 关系，即不定式动词可以修饰的名词应是它的表语或宾语。
误用动词不定式的时态和语态
动词不定式的时态和语态需要根据句子的语境和上下文进行判断，但在 实际使用中，学生往往容易忽略这一点，导致时态和语态的错误使用。
注意事项
注意动词不定式的正确性
在使用动词不定式时，要确保其形式 的正确性，包括时态、语态、逻辑主 语等方面。
注意上下文语境
多练习、多积累
掌握动词不定式的用法需要大量的练 习和积累，因此学生应该多做相关练 习，多阅读相关材料，以便更好地掌 握这一语法点。
例如
They were watching TV at this time yesterday.（昨天这 个时候他们正在看电视）
语态的转换
1 2
主动语态 表示主语是动作的执行者
被动语态 表示主语是动作的承受者
3
动词不定式的语态转换
将主动语态的不定式改为被动语态的不定式，一 般在不定式前加to be，并将不定式的逻辑主语 作为被动语态的主语
04
动词不定式的省略和倒装
省略情况
当动词不定式在句子中作宾语补足语，表示的是一次性 的具体动作，且句子的主语和不定式的逻辑主语一致时， 可以省略to。
当动词不定式中的动词是be、have、助动词或情态动 词时，可以省略to。
初三英语语法知识汇总 动词不定式
动词不定式一、动词不定式的基本形式肯定式：to＋动词原形否定式：not to＋动词原形（to是不定式符号、标志，无意义，可以不翻译。
）二、动词不定式的特征动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，它没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成分（主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语）；动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保持动词的某些特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语。
动词不定式和它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。
三、动词不定式的用法1. 不定式作宾语能跟不定式作宾语的动词（及物动词）很多，构成vt.(及物动词)＋to do sth. 结构。
常见的有：want, like, wish, hate, hope, prefer, try, ask, start, begin, decide, learn, choose, agree, expect , remember, forget等。
eg. He wanted to borrow my CD players. 他想借我的CD播放机。
His brother is learning to drive. 他弟弟正在学驾驶。
I hope to speak English well. 我希望讲好英语。
动词不定式作宾语其后又有补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而把不定式后置。
eg. I find it difficult to learn physics. 我发现学习物理很难。
2. 不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式位于及物动词的宾语后，补充说明宾语，作补足语。
构成vt.＋sb.＋（not）to do sth. 结构。
常用带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词结构有want sb.to do, ask sb.to do, tell sb.to do, order sb.to do, get sb.to do, wish sb.to do, allow sb.to do, invite sb.to do, teach sb.to do, encourage sb.to do, beg sb.to do等。
初中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式
初中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式动词的不定式是英语中的重要语法现象之一，学好不定式的用法可以帮助我们更好地理解和运用英语。
本文将对初中英语中动词的不定式进行归纳总结，以便同学们能够更加系统地掌握这一知识点。
一、动词的不定式形式英语中的动词不定式形式为“to + 动词原形”，其中“to”为不定式符号。
不定式的形式通常不受主语的人称和数的限制，一般用作动词、名词、形容词的宾语或补语。
二、不定式作动词的宾语动词不定式可以作为其他动词的宾语，常见的动词有：want, hope, plan, like, love, hate, enjoy等。
例如：1. I want to be a doctor when I grow up.（我长大后想当一名医生。
）2. They like to play basketball in their free time.（他们闲暇时喜欢打篮球。
）三、不定式作名词的补语不定式可以作为某些动词后的名词的补语，常见的动词有：be, become, seem, feel, appear等。
例如：1. Her dream is to become a famous singer.（她的梦想是成为一名著名的歌手。
）2. It seems to be a nice day for a picnic.（今天似乎是个适合野餐的好天气。
）四、不定式作形容词的补语不定式可以作为某些形容词后的补语，常见的形容词有：happy, sad, glad, ready, willing等。
例如：1. He is happy to help others.（他乐意帮助别人。
）2. I am ready to take on the challenge.（我准备好迎接挑战。
）五、不定式作目的状语不定式可以作为目的状语，表示动作的目的或者用途。
常见的动词有：go, come, try, learn, study等。
动词不定式(九年级英语语法详解)
He promised not to tell anyone about it.
warn, tell, allow, help, ask, force等
(4). 宾补
The teacher told me to clean the blackboard
I expect you to give me some help.
A.reading
B. to read
C. to be reading D. being read
1. To be here at Christmas time is my dream. →It is my dream to be
here at Christmas time. 2. To go abroad is his dream.
→ It is his dream to go abroad. 3. To say is easy, to do is difficult.
is when to start.
表语
He taught us how to use the computer. 宾补 注意：
•在与why连用时，只用于why或why not开头 的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to。
• Why not have a rest
•固定句型:
1. had better/had best + (not) do sth. 最好（不）做某事
7. …would rather do A than (do) B
Hale Waihona Puke 8. …would rather + 句子（过去式）
9.
（虚拟语气） 要
动词不定式的形式初中英语语法资料
动词不定式的形式初中英语语法资料
1.动词不定式的一般形式：
不定式的一般形式是"to + 动词原形"，如：to eat, to read, to dance等。
2.动词不定式的否定形式：
不定式的否定形式是在"to"之前加上"not"，构成"not + to + 动词
原形"，如：not to eat, not to read, not to dance等。
3.动词不定式的一般疑问形式：
不定式的一般疑问形式是将"to"放在动词原形之前，构成"to + 动词
原形 + ?"，如：to eat? to read? to dance?等。
4.动词不定式的完成形式：
不定式的完成形式是在"to"后面加上have，再加上动词的过去分词
形式，构成"to have + 过去分词"，如：to have eaten, to have read, to have danced等。
5.动词不定式的被动形式：
不定式的被动形式是在"to"后面加上be，再加上动词的过去分词形式，构成"to be + 过去分词"，如：to be eaten, to be read, to be danced等。
需要注意的是，动词不定式在句子中充当动词，可以用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等，具体用法要根据句子的结构和语境进行判断。
在一
些特殊情况下，动词不定式可能省略"to"，例如：let me go, make him stop等。
动词不定式
初中英语语法知识（动词不定式）动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
（一）作宾语：1）常在其后加动词不定式的动词有：afford, agree, ask, choose, decide, demand, expect, fail, hope, manage, offer, plan, pretend, promise, refuse, want, would like, wish, can't wait 等。
( 不定式作宾语时，如后有宾语补足语，常用it 作形式宾语，而把不定式放在宾语补足语后。
Eg. He found it very difficult to get to sleep . 主语+ think / find / feel +it + 形容词+ to do sth. 这一句型就是该知识点的体现。
)2）常在其后加动名词的动词有：admit, avoid, consider, excuse, enjoy, finish, keep, keep on, mind, miss, practice give up, allow, suggest, feel like, be busy, stand 等。
3）常在其后既可加不定式又可加动名词的动词有：begin, forget, remember, regret, hate, like, love, mean, need, start, try, can't help, stop, continue, learn，go on 等，有些是有区别的：1. forget / remember / regret +to do sth. 意为……要去做某事；forget / remember / regret + doing sth. 意为……已做过某事。
Eg. He remembered _______ (visit) his friend, but he forgot _______ (do) it.2. like / hate + to do sth. 表一次性/短暂性的喜欢/不喜欢做某事，like / hate + doing sth. 表经常性/习惯性的喜欢/不喜欢做某事。
初中英语语法讲解 动词不定式
动词不定式动词不定式:具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。
其构成形式为:to +动词原形,也可以不用to,即,动词原形.to为不定式符号,无意义。
否定式为:not + (to do 不定式的句法功能:1,作主语:To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。
To lose your heart means failure. 灰心意味着失败。
动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句后,例如上面两句可用如下形式:It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。
It means failure to lose your heart. 灰心意味着失败。
常用句式有:1、It+be+名词+to do。
如,It is one’s duty/ turn to do sth. It’s time to do sth.2、It takes sb.+some time+to do。
3、It+be+形容词+(for/of sb +to do。
【注】careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示人的品质的形容词,不定式前的sb用of.作其逻辑主语。
其他时,sb前要用for.如,It’s very kind/nice of you to help me.It’s very important for us to protect the environment2.作表语:Her job is to clean the hall. 她的工作是打扫大厅。
He seems to catch a cold. 他似乎感冒了。
3.作宾语:1,常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有:would like,want,hope,wish,plan,expect,decide,try,learn,pretend,refuse,help,agree等。
初中语法动词不定式讲解及习题
动词不定式动词不定式不能做谓语，一种非谓语动词结构。
有些动词不定式不带to，动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。
一、结构主动式：to+动词原形；否定形式：not to+动词原形被动式：to be+动词的过去分词二、用法1、作主语动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
(1)常用it作形式主语；真正的主语：“动词不定式”①It＋be＋形容词＋for sb.＋to do sth. (adj.为necessary，important等)It is easy for us to learn English.②It＋be＋形容词＋of sb.＋to do sth. (adj.为人的品质，clever，good，kind等)“It is stupid of you to write down everything”，the teacher says.③It＋be＋名词＋to do sth.It's our duty to take good care of the old.④It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to do sth.It seemed impossible to save money.(2)把不定式置于句首。
如：To get there by bike will take us half an hour.(3)带疑问词的不定式短语作主语How to solve the problem is hard for him.2、作表语动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容、性质、特征，通常放在连系动词（主要是be动词）后。
1.The best way to improve your English is to join an English club.2.The first thing is to greet the teacher.注意：不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作；动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。
中考英语语法动词不定式知识点
中考英语语法动词不定式知识点以下是中考英语语法中常见的动词不定式知识点：1.动词不定式的结构：- to + 动词原形：例如 to eat, to sleep。
- 动词原形：用于口语中，或在一些情况下省略 to，例如 Let me go。
2.动词不定式作主语：- It + be + 形容词 + to do：例如 It is important to study hard.- To do 表达强调：例如 To meet her is my dream.3.动词不定式作宾语：- 动词 + to do：例如 I want to play basketball.- 动词 + 不定式，如希望 hope, plan, decide, promise等：例如 I hope to see you again.4.动词不定式作补语：- 动词 + 名词/形容词 + to do：例如 She is happy to help her friend.- 动词 + 不定式，如 want, wish, like, love, hate, prefer等：例如 I want you to clean your room.5.情态动词后接动词不定式：- can, could, may, might 后接动词不定式表达能力或可能性。
- must, have to, need to 后接动词不定式表达必要性或需要。
6.动词不定式的否定形式：- not + to do：例如 I decided not to go to the party.- 动词 + not to do：例如 She asked me not to tell anyone.7.动词不定式形式的变化：- 过去式：to do → to h ave done- 完成式：to do → to be done- 进行式：to do → to be doing以上只是动词不定式的一些基本知识点，但需要根据具体语境和句子结构进行灵活运用。
初中英语常用动词不定式的短语归纳
初中英语常用动词不定式的短语归纳初中英语常用动词不定式的短语归纳动词不定式是学习英语的难点之一，也是构成长句的一个重要因素。
不定式有自己的宾语、状语和补足语，组成不定式短语。
在分析句子时要把不定式短语看作一个整体。
不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补足语。
以下是店铺精心整理的初中英语常用动词不定式的短语归纳，欢迎大家借鉴与参考，希望对大家有所帮助。
初中英语常用动词不定式的短语归纳篇11、Its time to do sth. Its time for sth. 该做某事了2、cant wait to do sth. 迫不及待要做某事3、ask /tell sb. (not ) to do sth. 要求/告诉某人(不)做某事4、allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事5、be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事6、would like /want (sb.) to do sth. 想要做某事7、have sth/nothing to do 有事要做/无事可做8、find it +adj. to do sth. 发觉做某事9、prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事,而不愿做某事10、Its +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说11、It takes sb to do sth 花费做某事12、remember to do13、forget to do14、decide(not) to do15、stop to do16、begin/start to do17、promise to do 许诺18、agree to do19、hope/wish to do20、wish sb to do21、try(not) to do22、refuse to do 拒绝23、warn sb (not) to do 警告24、offer to do 提议25、have to do26、plan(not) to do27、learn to do28、need to do初中英语常用动词不定式的短语归纳篇2对于英语的学习中，关于动词不定式的形式知识点的内容，我们做下面的讲解学习哦。
动词不定式的用法初中语法规则
动词不定式的用法初中语法规则动词不定式是指不带主语，含有不定式符号“to”的动词形式。
在英语语法中，动词不定式有着重要的用法和作用。
本文将介绍初中语法规则中关于动词不定式的用法。
一、作主语：动词不定式可以作为句子的主语，常常出现在句子的开头。
例如：To learn a foreign language is beneficial for young students.学一门外语对年轻学生来说是有益的。
二、作宾语：动词不定式可以作为及物动词的宾语。
例如：I want to visit my grandparents next week.我下周想去探望我的祖父母。
三、作介词的宾语：某些介词后面必须使用动词不定式作宾语，在不定式前加适当的介词。
例如：I am good at playing the piano.我擅长弹钢琴。
四、作定语：动词不定式可以作为名词前的定语来修饰名词。
例如：It's important to have a healthy lifestyle.保持健康的生活方式很重要。
五、作补语：某些动词后面可以跟动词不定式作补语。
例如：She made me laugh out loud.她让我笑得很大声。
六、作状语：动词不定式可以作为句子的状语，表示目的、结果、原因、方式等。
例如：He ran fast to catch the bus.他跑得很快，为的是赶上公车。
七、作形容词的补语：动词不定式可以作为形容词的补语，补充说明主语的状态或特征。
例如：I am pleased to meet you.很高兴见到你。
八、作名词的补语：某些名词后面可以跟动词不定式作补语。
例如：It's my dream to become a writer.成为一名作家是我的梦想。
九、作感叹句的主语或补语：动词不定式可以作为感叹句的主语或补语。
例如：To win the competition is so exciting!赢得比赛太令人兴奋了！综上所述，动词不定式在初中语法规则中有着多种重要的用法。
初中英语语法总结(动词不定式)
初中英语语法（动词不定式）1．不定式的基本形式与结构动词不定式指通常由to加上动词原形(如to write) 所构成的一种非限定性动词形式，但在有些情况下to可以省略。
动词不定式有进行体和完成体(如上to be writing，to have written)，也有被动态(如to be written)，所有的主动词，不论是及物动词还是不及物动词，也不论是动作动词还是状态动词，都有不定式形式。
助动词除be和have外，没有不定式形式。
动词不定式在语法功能上可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。
2．不定式的用法1)不定式结构作主语1.Te get contact with his family in Taiwan made him extremely happy since they separated morethan 40 years ago．2.To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge．在上述情况下，如果不定式较长，显得头重脚轻，则可由代词让作形式主语(形式主语it不可由that或this等其他代词代替)，而将不定式放到后面。
如：1.It made him extremely happy to get contact with his family in Taiwan since they separated morethan 40 years ago．2.John admitted that it is always difficult for him to be on time．不定式结构所表示的动作是谁做的，即不定式的逻辑主语，通常可以通过for sb. to do sth. 结构表达：1.It is quite important for us to read good books during a general review．2.It is not difficult fot those talented students to pass the exam.在某些形容词(如careless，clever，considerate，foolish，good，impolite，kind，naughty，nice，silly，stupid等)作表语时，不定式后可以加of来引导出其逻辑主语：1.It is very kind of you to tell me the truth．2.It is stupid of him to do such a silly thing．2)不定式作宾语不定式作宾语有两种：一种是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式，另一种是“及物动词+疑问词+带to的不定式。
初中动词不定式
8. 在学习不定式中 我们需要注意些什么呢 在学习不定式中,我们需要注意些什么呢 我们需要注意些什么呢? 1）记住基本形式: ）记住基本形式 to do 否定: 否定 not to do
2） to do 是非谓语动词 没有人称和数的变化 不能充 ） 是非谓语动词,没有人称和数的变化 没有人称和数的变化,不能充 当谓语. 但可以和系动词构成系表结构.如 当谓语 但可以和系动词构成系表结构 如: My dream is to be a doctor. 3）感官动词see, 3）感官动词see, watch, hear, feel等和使役动词make, feel等和使役动词make, 等和使役动词 let等接 作宾语补足语时 等接do作宾语补足语时 称为不带 的不定式如 不带to的不定式 等接 作宾语补足语时,do 称为不带 的不定式如: Do you often see him play tennis on the playground? 4）充当后置定语时 要特别注意动词的不定式短语中 ）充当后置定语时 后置定语时,要特别注意动词的不定式短语中 的介词不能省去.如 的介词不能省去 如: The old man have no house to live in.
可与be动词构成系表结构.
Her wish is to study in Ji Yan Middle school. My job is to clean the streets.
2. 不是什么” 常放在 动词后，表明主语“是什么”。 动词 e.g. Our plan is to go there by plane. 我们的计划是乘飞机去那儿。 我们的计划是乘飞机去那儿。 主语和表语指代的是同一事物） （主语和表语指代的是同一事物） 1.My job is _________computers. A.to selling B. sell C. to sell
初中英语语法动词不定式用法归纳课件ppt
·The best way to learn English is to use it. 学英语最好的方法是使用 它。
·When is the best time to plant vegetables?什么时候是种植蔬菜的最 好时间？
可省可不省的：help sb. （to）do sth.
I often help my mother （to）do housework. 我经常帮妈妈做家务
5 作定语
动词不定式作定语常用来修饰名词或不定代词，放于所修饰的词后，为后 置定语。
·Who was the first one to arrive? 谁第一个到的？
语很有趣。
·He found it hard to catch up with others.他觉得赶上别人很困难。
4 作宾语补足语
动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作
不可以省to的不定式作宾语补足语： tell /ask / want / would like / wish / like / invite /encourage /teach sb. to do sth.
动词不定式（短语）作定语修饰名词时，与其所修饰的词具有一种动宾关系，如果不定 式中的动词为不及物动词时，其后应加上一个含义上所需要的介词。
·I have no chair to sit on.我没有椅子坐。 ·He has no house to live in.他没的状语常用在go, come, hurry等不及物动词后，表目的。
去野餐好吗？
【特殊】
1.如果and连接两个动词不定式，第二个动词不定式一般省“to”。 ·He wants to go and have a swim with us. 他想和我们一起去游泳。
动词不定式
subject
to do位于句首作主语
The usage of infinitive
It is important to learn English well .
形式主语
subject
学好英语是重要的。
It作形主，to do作真正主语
Practice
To do作主语， 谓语用单数
① _T_o__tr_a_v_e_l__ (travel) around China is my dream.
12 hours a day.
The boss makes the workers work (work) for 12 hours a day.
look at, see,
feel
watch, notice
(to) do
make, let, have
hear, listen to
NO.3
Summary
Infinitive —— structure
基本结构：to +动词原形
eg: He never w(a无n人ts 称to，w无at数ch的a变ga化m)e show. eg: He asked me not to watch game shows.
否定结构：not to +动词原形
Infinitive —— to & to
⑤ It’s nice __o_f___ him t_o__ta_k_e_ care of his young brother.
A. of , took B. of , to take C. for, to keep D. for , took
特殊句式： 1. It’s + adj.(修饰动作) + ( for sb. )+ to do sth. 2. It’s + adj.(修饰人) + ( of sb. )+ to do sth.
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注意
A to .有些动词后面的不定式不带 ，如feel
（一感）hear,listen to（二听）make, have, let（三让） see, watch, notice, observe（四看）.
I heard them sing a pop song .
The teacher made me answer the question.
1．后面能接to不定式作宾语补足语的动词有： ask, order, teach, tell, want, wish, help等。 The teacher told us to do Exercise 1. 老师要我们做练习一。 I want both of you to go. 我要你们俩去。 We helped her (to) repair her bike. 我们帮助她修理自行车。
动词不定式
定义 构成 用法
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种， 它没有人称和数的变化，在句子 中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保持 动词的特点，既
动词不定式 的用法
动词不定式具有名
词、形容词和副词 功能：
的特征。因此在句
中可以做主语、表 语、宾语、宾语补
1. My parents often tell my sister and me ______ to the teachers carefully
in class.
A. listen
B. listens
C. listening
D. to listen
2. Their teacher often ______ them a funny story ______ his class lovely
作宾语
足语、定语和状语。
本单元学习不定式 做宾语和宾语补足 语。
作宾语补足语
动词不定式作宾语
后面能接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, ask, choose, decide, forget, hope, learn, want, wish, would like等。如： We hope to get there before dark. 我们希望 天黑以前到那儿。 The girl decided to do it herself. 那个姑娘决 定自己做那件事。
A:Would you like to come to my party? B: Yes , I’d love to ( come to your party). Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。 Mary wanted to use my bike, but I asked her not to ( use my bike).
We watched them play football .
动词不定式作宾语补足语
2．使役动词let, have, make及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel等要以不带to的不定式作宾补。 Let’s have a rest. 我们休息一会吧。 I saw him come in. 我看见他进来了。 感官动词后既可跟不带to的不定式作宾补，也可跟ving作宾补，前者表示动作的全部过程已结束；后者表 示动作正在进行。 I saw him come downstairs.我看见他下了楼。（说 明他下楼了这件事） I saw him coming downstairs.我看见他在下楼。（说 明他下楼时的情景）
and interesting.
A. tells; to make
B. talks; to make
C. says; makes
D. speaks; makes
3. The teacher told the students ______ in class.
A. not talk B. don’t talk C. didn’t talk D. not to talk
注意
动词不定式的否定形式
动词不定式的否定式是在to前加not；不带to的 不定式则在动词前加not. 如： Zhang Ming asked me not to stay at home all day. 张明要我不要整天呆在家里。 My mother let me not do it by myself. 妈妈让我不要独自做这件事。
注意
动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（2点）
1．有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾 语，但含义不同：
remember to do 记住要做某事；remember doing 记得曾经做过 某事 forget to do忘记要做某事 forget doing 忘记曾经做过某事
stop to do 停下来去做某事 stop doing 停止做某事 go on to do 继续做另一件事 go on doing 继续做原来在做的事 I remember seeing you somewhere before. 我记得以前在哪儿见过你。 Please remember to turn off the light when you leave. 离开时请记得关好灯。
动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（2点）
2．不定式作宾语时，如带有宾语补足语， 则要把不定式放到后面，用it作形式宾语， 构成“主语+动词+it+宾补（形容词、名 词）+不定式”结构。如： He found it very difficult to get to sleep. 他发现很难入睡。
动词不定式作宾语补足语
注意
C. 带疑问词的动词不定式在to
前加疑问词。
Mr.Lin will teach us how to use the computer. Can you tell me where to get the book?
注意
D. 作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，
动词不定式常常省去to 后面的动词， 只保留to 。
4. The boy was too busy ______ his father last term.