【创新方案 】(湖北专版)高考英语一轮语法突破 第八讲 情态动词

第八讲情态动词

考点一情态动词表推测的用法

1．(湖北高考)He looks sleepy.He must ______________ last night, writing the essay.(stay)

他看起来犯困。昨晚他肯定熬夜写论文了。

答案：have stayed up

2．(2014·孝感调研)—Why are your eyes so red? You ________________ well last night.

—Yeah, I stayed up late watching a football match.(sleep)

——你的眼睛为什么这么红？昨晚你不可能睡好觉。

——是的，我熬夜看足球比赛了。

答案：can't/couldn't have slept

考点二情态动词的非推测性用法

3．(湖北高考)He believes that children ________________________ at their own pace.(allow)

他认为应该允许孩子们按他们自己的节奏来学习。

答案：should be allowed to learn

4．(2014·湖北八校联考)Tom thought that anybody who stole his phone ________________ as to use it right in front of him.(foolish)

汤姆觉得不管是谁偷了他的手机都不会愚蠢到在他面前使用它。

答案：wouldn't/couldn't be so foolish

考点三“情态动词＋have don e”的用法

5．(2014·襄阳调研)We need ________________ so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner.(buy)

我们本来不必买这么多食物的，因为Suzie不与我们一起吃饭。

答案：not have bought

6．(2014·荆州调研)They should ________________ at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.(arrive)

他们本应该在午饭时间到达，但是他们的航班推迟了。

答案：have arrived

一、can, could与be able to的用法

①I'm going to Europe on vacation together with John if I can find the money.(现在的能力)(2012·全国卷Ⅱ)

如果我现在能弄到足够的钱，我将和约翰一起去欧洲度假。

②If you have a good sleep, you will be able to work out this problem.(将来的能力)

如果你好好睡一觉，你将能够解出这道题。

③The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out.(过去有能力做并且成功地做了某事)

尽管这场大火迅速蔓延到了整个宾馆，但是每个人都逃了出去。

④I could have worked out the problem, but I was too nervous.(本来有能力做但未做)

我本来可以解决这个问题，但我太紧张了。

⑤How could you do such a silly thing?

你怎么能做那样的蠢事呢？

⑥—This dish is really delicious. Could you please say it in Chinese?

—Sure, we call it “doufu”．

——这道菜真的很好吃，你能不能用汉语说出菜名是什么？

——当然可以，我们称之为“豆腐”。

1．表示现在的能力：can, am/is/are able to。

2．表示将来的能力：will be able to。

3．表示过去的能力：could表示过去的能力，不表示是否成功地做了；was/were able to表示过去有能力做而且成功地做了。

4．can/could表示惊讶，常用在否定句和疑问句中。

5．can/could表示礼貌地请求别人做某事，意为“能，可以”。

二、may与might的用法

①—May I take this book out of the reading room?

—No, you mustn't. You read it in here.(陕西高考)

——我可以把书拿出阅览室吗？

——不，决不可以，你在这儿读。

②As far as I know, he might be very busy now.

据我所知，他现在可能很忙。

③If you think the price of beef is too high, you might as well buy some pork. It depends on you.

如果你认为牛肉太贵的话，你不妨买些猪肉。你自己决定。

1．表示请求、允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些，否定回答时要用mustn't，表示“不可以”“禁止”“阻止”之意。

2．may/might还可以表示推测，意为“可能”。

3．“may/might as well＋动词原形”意为“最好，倒不如”。

三、must的用法

①You mustn't park here! It's an emergency exit.(重庆高考)

你不可以在这儿停车！这是紧急情况出口处。

②—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?

—I am afraid you must, in case he comes late for the meeting.(2011·福建高考)

——我现在通知他日程表的变动吗？

——恐怕你必须通知他，以免他开会迟到。

③If you must go, at least wait until the storm is over.(2011·辽宁高考)

如果你非要走的话，至少等到暴风雨结束。

1．must用于否定句，表示“禁止”，表示说话者的命令或指令，语气比较强烈。

2．must表示必要性，意为“必须”。

3．must表示偏执，固执，意为“非得，偏要”。

四、need与dare的用法

①As far as I'm concerned, you needn't worry about us now.

就我个人而言，你现在没有必要担心我们。

②You need to practise reading aloud every day.

你有必要每天都大声朗读。

③How dare you say I'm unfair.

你竟敢说我不公平。

④He daren't/doesn't dare (to) speak English before such a crowd.