英语国家概况之爱尔兰..
爱尔兰英语国家概况50页PPT
Russian National Flag
German National Flag
French German
Russian Irish
Irish Harp is so closely associated with Irish identity that it serves as the nation's national emblem.
The Celtic tribes arrived in the island about the 6th century BC.
In the 9th century the Viking 北欧海盗 invasions began. They were driven away in about 1014.
French National Flag, also known as the French tricolour, The Tricolour was used during the French Revolution and has since become a symbol of liberty around the world. Other nations have also adopted the design, usually associated with Freedom 自由, Equality 平等 and Fraternity (Brotherhood) 博爱.
The Liffey River flows through Dublin.
The Shannon River (370 km long; Severn River: 338 km; Thames River: 336 km.) is the longest river in the British Isles. It consists of a chain of lakes, begins in the northwest and flows southwest before reaching the Atlantic Ocean through a wide, lengthy estuary 河口. It provides electric power for much of the country.
爱尔兰国家概况中英文版
02. Climate
Climate
03. Major Cities
Major Cities
Dublin
The capital city of Ireland is Dublin, which is located in Dublin Bay. With one-fourth of the country's total population living there, Dublin is the largest city in Ireland. It is also the country's chief port, the commercial and financial center, and the seat of culture.
The The Republic of Ireland
姓名：
The island of Ireland is the third largest island in Europe. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean, separated from the island of Great Britain by the Irish Sea and from mainland Europe by the Celtic Sea.
The island of Ireland is epublic of Ireland, which is an independent country, and Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom.
Cork
Cork (科克) is the second largest city in Ireland. The city has a reputation for independence dating back to 1491, when its people fought to overthrow the English rule. The people of Cork are proud of their participation in the Irish War of Independence
英语国家概况之爱尔兰
4. Total land area: 81,421 Sq km.
5. The highest peak is Carrauntoohil 1,041
m. The River Shannon, at 386 km is the longest rivery
1. Prehistory civilization
2. Celts – 600 BCE 3. St. Patrick , 432– Catholicism
Megaliths
Stone circle in County Cork, ca 3500BC
St. Patrick and Catholicism
1.5 Flora
Forests now cover about 9% (4,450 km or one million acres) of the land. Because of its mild climate, many species, including sub-tropical species such as palm trees, are grown in Ireland. Much of the land is now covered with pasture, and there are many species of wild-flower. Gorse (Ulex europaeus), a wild furze, is commonly found growing in the uplands, and ferns are plentiful in
the more moist regions, especially in the western parts of Ireland.
英语国家概况-爱尔兰作业答案-3
2.1 When was Ireland officially independent?In 1921, the Anglo-Irish Treaty was concluded between the British Government and representatives of the Ireland. After the hard struggle of more than 20 years, it was not until 1949 that the state was declared, officially, to be the Republic of Ireland.2.2 What are Ireland’s typical food and drink?The typical food and drink including: stewed mutton, the Irish bread, wetland cheese and Baileys liqueur.3.1 The Bronze AgeIt’s defined by the use of metal and began around 2,500 BC, with technology changing people's everyday lives during this period through innovations.3.2 the Dark Agesthe period of history between classical antiquity and the Italian Renaissance in European history (476A.D-1000A.D.) , following the decline of the Roman Empire. 3.3 the Magna Cartathe Great Charter of Ireland, the royal charter of political rights given to rebellious English barons by King John in 1215 , published in 1216.3.4 Great Frost“Great Famine”. Ireland and the rest of Europe were struck by an extraordinary climatic shock between December 1739 and September 1741, and the winters destroyed stored crops of potatoes and other staples and the poor summers severely damaged harvests, leading to the deaths of an estimated 250,000 people .(about one in eight of the population).。
英语国家概况-爱尔兰篇中英翻译
第十一章Part Two The Republic of Ireland爱尔兰共和国地理与历史 Geography and History不列颠群岛由两大岛屿和几百座小岛组成。
两大岛屿是大不列颠和爱尔兰岛。
爱尔兰也因其乡村绿荫而被称为绿宝石岛。
爱尔兰分为两个政治区域：北爱尔兰和爱尔兰共和国。
北爱尔兰是联合王国的一部分。
爱尔兰共和国是个独立国家。
The British Isles are made up of two large islands and hundreds of small ones. The two large islands are Great Britain and Ireland. Ireland is also called the Emerald Isle because ot its rich green countryside. Ireland is divided into two political units. They are Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. Northern Island is part of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland (Eire) is an independent country.I.Geographical Features地理特征爱尔兰共和国的面积为70，282平方公里。
与北爱尔兰接壤的边界为434公里。
The Republic of Ireland covers an area of 70,282 sq.its land border with Northern Ireland is 434 km.首都是都柏林，The capital is Dublin.爱尔兰一直被比作盆地，内有海滨高地围起的石灰岩高原。
海洋性气候影响全国。
Ireland[原创]英语国家概况.爱尔兰
![Ireland[原创]英语国家概况.爱尔兰](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/937bd06e5727a5e9856a618c.png)
Here is the same beach in the late afternoon. The Irish coastline is dotted with softly sandy beaches which are very popular in the summer.
The third most populous city The second largest city “the Rebel County”
Along the west coastline, there are a few areas of pasture（牧场） in what is essentially a rocky landscape.
Castles and ruins are found all over Ireland.
The Republic of Ireland
Ireland is a Western Europe country, It faces the Atlantic on the east and the Irish sea on the west. The five-sixths of the island of Ireland belong to the Republic, with the remainder constituting Northern Ireland (UK).
The Irish Flag
The current flag is the Tricolour of Green, White and Orange. This represents the partition of the country.
Irish Symbol: The Harp
英美概况 爱尔兰介绍
Campaigns for Home Rule （自治运动）
A constitutional movement seeking Home Rule was instituted up (提出) by Isaac Butt in 1870. The Home Rule Bill was finally passed in 1914. 1870年,艾萨克 ·巴特提出地方自治的口号，于是 掀起了一场宪政运动，号召建立在帝国制度内的爱 尔兰国会 。自治法案最终于1914年得以通过。
The Celtic and English Colonisation of Ireland
(英国人对爱尔兰的殖民统治) 1) Ireland has been invaded by Celts, Christians, Vikings, Normans and English. Celtic invaders may have come to Ireland as early as the 6th century BC. Celts were a warrior culture (尚武文化), making swift attacks in horse-drawn chariots (马拉战车). Much like the Homeric warriors in the Iliad, they had their own saga. Celts’ language survived through history and Irish is the first official language of the Republic of Ireland. •凯尔特人尚武、爱好冒险, 有着许多充满幻想的古老传奇 , 坐着马拉的 战车快速对敌人发起进攻. 就象古希腊荷马史诗《伊利亚特》中的勇士 一样，他们也有自己的英雄传奇。 •凯尔特人的语言和文化幸存下来了，爱尔兰的第一官方语言是爱尔兰 语. 2) English invasion of Ireland: in 1541, Henry VIII declared himself king of Ireland---the first English monarch to do so. 英格兰人入侵爱尔 兰： •1541年，亨利8世宣称自己是爱尔兰的国王，这是英格兰国王中第一 个这么做的。
英语国家概况 Chapter 12
Chapter 12 Ireland TodayI. Political Structure 政治体制Ireland is a parliamentary republic and a unitary统一的s tate under the 1937 Constitution. The Constitution is theoretically 理论上applicable适用于to the whole of Ireland. Citizens of Northern Ireland are also considered citizens and can run for office 竞选in the South. The Republic of Ireland consists of 26 of the 32 counties of Ireland.根据1937年的宪法，爱尔兰是议会制共和国是中央集权国家。
理论上讲，此宪法适用于整个爱尔兰岛，北爱尔兰公民也被视为共和国公民，能够竞选南方的职位。
爱尔兰共和国由爱尔兰岛的32个郡中的26个郡组成。
1. Executive power 行政权suffrage 直接投票任期七年He sommons or dissolves the Oireachtas议会(Parliament); signs and promulgate s 颁布laws; appoints judges, the prime minister and other members of the cabinet;内阁and heads the defence forces.武装部队In addition, he has the right to refer提交certain bills to the Supreme Court for a decision on their constitutionality符合宪法and refer certain bills to the people by referendum. 全民公决The president is advised and assisted in his duties by the Council of State.国家委员会他召集或解散议会；签署和颁布法律；任命法官、首相和其他内阁成员；统率武装部队。
英语国家概况 第四课 爱尔兰概况 The Republic of Ireland
Ireland as Part of Britain
• The Normans invaded Ireland in the 10th century.
• In 1541, Henry Ⅷ declared himself King of Ireland.
• In 1800, the Act of Union created the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
Samuel Beckett (1906-1989 )
Seamus Heaney (1839)
Beautiful Landscape Sceneries Makes Ireland an Attraction for Film-Shooting
King Arthur Brave Heart The Wind That Shakes the Barley Saving Private Rynn Quiet Man Once P.S. I love you Becoming Jane the Count of Monte Cristo Far and Away Leap Year
Movie Recommended
The Wind that Shakes the Barley
• Winner of Cannes Film Festival.
Ireland
• Irish is the first official language according to the Constitution.
• English is by far the predominant language spoken
throughout the country.
爱尔兰英语国家概况
6.4 People and Religion
Population: 4,156,119 (July 2008 est.) Population in Dublin: 495,781 The basic ethnic group is Celtic, with an admixture of Norse 挪威人, French, Norman and English. There are no significant ethnic minorities. Historically Ireland has been free of ethnic conflicts because of its racial homogeneity [7hCmEudVe5ni:iti]同种.
29 December 1937; amended 1999 (theoretically applicable to Constitution the whole of Ireland. Actually it consists of 26 of the 32 counties of Ireland.) Supreme Court (Irish law is Highest court based on English common law and its constitution.)
Relations with Other Countries: Ireland attaches special importance to its relations with the United States and Australia, where people of Irish descent are numerous. Ireland’s relations with its European neighbors have become increasingly important as a result of its membership in EU. However, unlike most western European states, Ireland is not a member of NATO. Ireland, which is not part of any military alliance, strives to maintain a neutral position in world affairs.
英语国家概况 (2)
爱尔兰马铃薯饥荒爱尔兰曾经孕育了古凯尔特文明。
罗马帝国灭亡后，爱尔兰教会甚至一度能够和正统的罗马教会分庭抗礼( “圣诞树”这个习俗实际上就是来自于凯尔特教会)。
从16-17世纪开始，英格兰的诸个王朝就开始征服爱尔兰。
资产阶级革命后，克伦威尔派兵镇压爱尔兰人起义，大量屠杀信仰天主教的当地居民。
1801年，爱尔兰正式并入了联合王国的一部分。
在英国统治下，一方面爱尔兰始终没有如英格兰那样发展起工业；另一方面，随着大量移民的涌入，人口激增和土地兼并成为主要的问题。
大部分地主都居住在英格兰，高达人口8成的小农大部分是天主教徒。
他们为了养活自己，不得不大量种植土豆，导致爱尔兰的农作物高度单一。
这些都为后来的大饥荒埋下了伏笔。
从1845年开始，一种名为“晚疫病”的瘟疫席卷了爱尔兰，导致了大部分土豆腐烂。
7年间，爱尔兰人口减少了1/4，逃亡海外者高达100万人。
这场空前的饥荒于是又被称为“马铃薯饥荒”(Irish Potato Famine)。
这场灾难对爱尔兰的影响实在过于深远，以至于爱尔兰史的研究都被分成“饥荒前”和“饥荒后”两个时段。
印欧语系（Indo-European family），世界上分布区域最广的语系，使用者几乎遍及整个欧洲、美洲、澳洲，还有亚洲和非洲的部分地区。
印欧语系包括约443种（SIL统计）语言和方言。
而以某一种印欧语言为自己母语的人，加起来有15亿以上。
伦敦当地下层阶级的口音是非常土的，比较有名的是东伦敦地区的Cockney口音，也就是《两杆大烟枪》里面经常出现的（口音最重的是那父子俩）。
一般来说受到教育的人不会说这种口音。
他们说的是比较纯正的Received Pronunciation，比如托尼·布莱尔在国会发表演讲时的口音，又比如BBC的播音员的口音。
但是随着时代发展，这种观点也在受到非常强的挑战。
因为Cockney口音在影视作品中的经常出现，尤其是在动作片当中表现人物的硬朗，这种口音逐渐被英语国家的人熟悉，甚至有的时候受到相当的追捧，几乎到了凡是动作片都用Cockney的地步。
Ireland 爱尔兰简介英文版PPT课件
• Corned beef and Cabbage, potato pancakes
• Irish Beef Stew, Sheppard's Pie, Coddle
• Alcoholic Drinks: Guinness Beer, Irish cream
• What are some famous cities and places in Ireland?
• Who are some famous Irish people? • What are some important events in Irish
history? • What is an important Irish holiday? • What do Irish people eat? • What are some national symbols of Ireland?
2
Céad Mile Fáilte! Welcome to Ireland!
•Ireland means: •Eire – Green •Land – land, island
•Why? Because the island is full of shamrocks and clovers!
3
Some famous Irish People and Musicians
• Dia duit - God to you. • Oíche mhaith (duit) - Good night • Codladh sámh (duit) - A pleasant sleep • a ghrámo chroí- ... love of my heart • Níl aon tintéan mar do thintéan féin. -There's no place like home. • Maith thú- Well done / Way to go etc. • Sláinte - Cheers. • Sláinte chugat - Good health to you. • Go raimh maith agat - Thanks.
英语国家概况-爱尔兰剖析
Dublin（都柏林）
Trinity College
(圣三一学院)
Trinitest university, founded in 1592 by Elizabeth I.
Trinity college Dublin is located in prime locations in the center of Dublin.It is often mentioned in the same breath with the Oxford and Cambridge university. The reputation of this university and the teaching level is quite good.
Regardless of whether or not curious about beer itself, whether you are interested in ,all the visitors would finally go to the top floor restaurant, enjoying a cup of bubble thick dark beer.
Ireland
Route ：
DAY1: Trinity College, Dublin Castle,Temple Bar DAY2:St Patrick's Cathedral,Guinness Storehouse DAY3: English Market, University College Cork DAY4: Killarney National Park DAY5: Kylemore Abbey, Cliffs of Moher
English Market是在科克的中心的一个市政性的食品市场，市场由科克城市委员会管理。 市场在本地很受支持,也已成为一个旅游景点,吸引来自世界各地的游客,包括英国女王伊 丽莎白二世在2011年访问进行国事访问。 市场由于翻新变得更加多元化，可以在那里购买来自世界各地的各种新鲜的农产品。市 场以其新鲜的鱼和屠夫而知名，还包括许多城市的顶级餐厅。这里可以买到当地的特产， 如羊血香肠，五香牛肉，奶油鸡蛋。
英语国家概况-Ireland爱尔兰的地理,气候,人口
Geographical elevations
In terms of geographical elevations, the island of Ireland resembles a tea saucer, with a large central lowland comprised of limestone with an occasional relief of hills which rises at the coastline in a discontinuous border of mountains which often slo precipitously into the sea. Whereas the middle of the island has rich agricultural lan It becomes poorer in quality as one travels to the edges of the island, in particular, farmland is poor and often confined to a few fields and hills which are used to graze sheep. For most of its history Ireland has been an agricultural country, and one in which cattle are particularly valued.
The border between these two jurisdictions, drawn up in 1920, was constructed along the political and religious fault lines which have been a feature of Irish life, north and south, since the time of its colonization under Queen Elizabeth I in the late 16th century. Essentially, the border marked off the areas inhabited by the Protestant population in the north from those inhabited by the Catholics in the south. Following traditional county lines, the border is long and meandering and impossible to police effectively, so that there is easy movement between one jurisdiction and another.
英美概况之爱尔兰4
Visual Culture
If one looks at Ireland’s accomplishments （成就） they are in literature and music— arts of the ear, particularly as they are manifest（表演） in the old oral culture—not of the eye.
Chapter 14:
Irish Culture: Language, Literature and Arts
Language
The issue of language is heavily politicized. Traditionally, the Irish people spoke their own language, called Irish or Erse. It is a very ancient (and difficult) language with a rich oral culture.
What Is Irish about Irish Culture
Ireland is a culture where art flourishes, although the arts that flourish most vigorously are those associated with the ear, not the eye. Ireland is also a very people-oriented （以人 为本）society, which regards the family as central to its values. What is clear today is that Ireland is still a nation that is making itself—and the first place a nation makes itself is in its imagination.
英美概况 第二章爱尔兰国家概况
第二节 政治与经济 Politics and Economy 三 政治体制
① 宪法
【宪法】现行宪法于1937年6月14日经议会 通过，同年12月29日生效，后修改过10次。宪 法规定：爱尔兰国体为共和国，总统由选民直 接选举产生，任期7年，有权召集和解散议会， 任命内阁总理及部长，并任军队统帅。1999年 12月，根据爱英两国政府及北爱有关各方达成 的《北爱和平协议》，爱政府修改宪法，取消 了有关要求北爱领土主权的条款。 。
℃。
爱尔兰历史
爱尔兰历史概述
爱尔兰岛古为凯尔特人居住地。12世纪下半 叶英国入侵爱尔兰，1541年英王亨利成为爱尔兰 君主，1801年爱尔兰并入英国，成立不列颠及爱 尔兰联合王国。1912年爱尔兰一分为二，北方6 郡仍属英国，南部26郡成立自由邦。1937年爱尔 兰自由邦宣布为独立的共和国，1948年脱离英联 邦。目前北爱尔兰仍为英国所统治。 1949年英 国承认爱尔兰独立，但拒绝归还北部6郡。1955 年，爱尔兰加入联合国，1973年，爱尔兰加入欧 共体。1979年，爱尔兰与中国建立外交关系。
② 文化
a.
传媒
有全国性日报8种。此外还有5种星期日报及许多周报、月报和杂志，地方 性报纸90余种。主要报刊有《爱尔兰时报》（日发行量11.38万份）、 《爱尔兰独立报》（日发行量16.5万份）、《爱尔兰先驱晚报》（日发行 量11万份）和《观察者报》（日发行量6万份）。爱无官方通讯社。 爱尔兰广播电视总台于1926年成立并开始广播。1961年开始播放电视节 目。用英语播音。全年广播时间超过9500小时。另有爱尔兰语广播电台。
面积：爱尔兰的面积约为 7 万平方公里，由于全岛被 面积：
植被覆盖，故有“绿宝石岛”或“翡翠之国”的美誉
爱尔兰国家概况
爱尔兰位于欧洲西部的 爱尔兰岛中南部。面积７ ０２８２平方公里。西濒 大西洋，东北与英国的北 爱尔兰接壤，东隔爱尔兰 海同英国相望。属于温带 海洋性气候（temperate maritime climate). 首都位都柏林（Dublin）。 全省分为26个郡和4个郡 级市及7个非郡级市。郡 下设市区和镇。第一官方 语言为爱尔兰语（Irish, Gaelic）,属于卡尔特语系 （Celtic）,第二官方语言 为英语。爱尔兰人多为卡 尔特人的后裔。
Ⅳ. Economy
历史上，爱尔兰是个以农牧业为主的国家， 有“欧洲庄园”之称，曾被誉为“欧洲小虎 ” (Celtic Tiger)。爱尔兰以软件、生物工程等高 科技产业带动国民经济发展，并以良好的投 资环境吸引了大量海外投资，完成了由农牧 经济向知识经济的过渡。经济的81%集中在 东部和南部沿海地区，特别是都柏林及附近 的中东部地区。
三.体育（Sports）
在爱尔兰最受欢迎的体育运动是传统运动项 目有盖尔式足球(Gaelic football )､爱尔兰式 曲棍球(Gaelic Hockey )和只有爱尔兰人玩 的Camogie (a women game similar to Hurling )。
三.政府（Government） 现任政府由共和党（Fianna Fail）和进步民主党 （Progressive Democrats）联合组成。
四.司法机构（Judiciary） 最高法院（Supreme Court）即终审法院为最高 司法机关，下设高等法院（High Court）、巡回 法院（Circuit Court）和地区法院（District Court）。法官由政府推荐，总统任命。另设特 别刑事法院（Special Criminal Court）。
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1.5 Flora
Forests now cover about 9% (4,450 km or one million acres) of the land. Because of its mild climate, many species, including sub-tropical species such as palm trees, are grown in Ireland. Much of the land is now covered with pasture, and there are many species of wild-flower. Gorse (Ulex europaeus), a wild furze, is commonly found growing in the uplands, and ferns are plentiful in
the more moist regions, especially in the western parts of Ireland.
General Information
1. Capital: Dublin
2. Official languages : Irish, English 3. Population: About 4.5 million
Republic of Ireland
GREEN: represents the catholics who want an unit Ireland
WHITE: represents the hope for peace
ORANGE: represents the protestant community
4. Total land area: 81,421 Sq km.
5. The highest peak is Carrauntoohil 1,041
m. The River Shannon, at 386 km is the longest river in Ireland.
History
Sent by Pope Celestine to Ireland in 432 A.D.
Irish Catholicism
The English!
1171 - King Henry of England declared sovereignty, English colonization begins 1509 - Henry VIII, suppression of Catholicism, erasure of Irish 1641, Irish Revolt (Catholics – Protestants) 1800, The Act of Union 1845-1849, the Great Famine
1916, the Easter Rising 1919 ,the Irish War of Independence
Independence FROM THE UNITED KINGDOM
- Declared 24 April 1916 - Ratified 21 January 1919 - Recognised 6 December 1922 - Constitution 29 December 1937 - Left the Commonwealth 18 April 1949 - European Union Membership 1 January 1973
are native to Ireland. Some species, such as the red fox, hedgehog, and badger are very common, whereas others, like the Irish hare, red deer and pine marten are less so. Aquatic wild-life, such as species of turtle, shark, whale, and dolphin, are common off the coast. About 400 species of birds have been recorded in Ireland. Many of these are migratory, including the Barn Swallow. There are no snakes in Ireland and only one reptile (the common lizard) is native to the country. Extinct species include the great Irish elk, the wolf, the
1. Prehistory civilization
2. Celts – 600 BCE 3. St. Patrick , 432– Catholicism
Megaliths
Stone circle in County Cork, ca 3500BC
St. Patrick and Catholie
Mountains
Principal mountain: Mt. Carrantuohill 1041 m
Rivers
Principal river: Shannon 360 Km
1.4 Fauna
Only 26 land mammal species