(word完整版)初中现在完成时讲解练习及答案

A．表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。现在完成时跨在两个时间之上，一是过去，一是现在。它的动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响（或结果），而这种影响（或结果）却往往是说话人的兴趣所在，所以常常后面不用时间状语。现在完成时所表的动作离说话人的说话时刻可近可远，表近距离的。

eg. The car has arrived.车子来了。（结果：车子已在门口）

Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。（结果：窗户仍破着）现在完成时句子通常有recently，lately，since，for，in the past few months/years等词做时间状语。

肯定形式：have/has + done

否定形式：have/has + not +done

一般疑问句：have或has放于句首。

B．现在完成时的用法

1）现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成，而对现在有影响。所以常常后面不用时间状语。现在完成时所表的动作离说话人的说话时刻可近可远。

eg. He has gone to London.

He has been to London.

2）现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去。常用for 和since表示一段时间的状语或so far，now，today，this week (month，year)等表示包括现在时间在内的状语。

eg. He has studied English for 5 years.

He has studied English since 2001.

Now I have finished the work.

注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用。如：I have lived here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了30多年。

3）现在完成时还可用在时间和条件状语从句中，表示将来某时完成的动作。

eg. I’ll go to your home when I have finished my homework.

If it has stopped snowing in the morning，we will go to the park.

现在完成时练习

一、单项选择。

1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they ______what's happened to him .

A. knew

B. have known

C. must know

D.will know

2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?A. already B.never C.ever D.still

3、Have you met Mr Li ______？ A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago

4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .

A. is writing

B.was writing

C.wrote

D.has written

5、—Our country ______ a lot so far .

—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .

A.has changed ; well

B.changed ; good

C.has changed ; better

D.changed ; better

6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .

A. was ; studying

B. will ; study

C. has ; studied

D. are ; studying

7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .

A. know

B. had known

C. have known

D. knew

8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I______ it twice .

A.will see

B.have seen

C.saw

D.see

9、—These farmers have been to the United States .

—Really ? When _____ there ?

A. will they go

B. did they go

C. do they go

D. have they gone

10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?

—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .

A.Did ; do ; finished

B.Have ; done ; finished

C.Have ; done ; have finished

D.will ; do ; finish

11、His father ______ the Party since 1978 .

A. joined

B. has joined

C. was in

D. has been in

12、—Do you know him well ?

—Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .

A. were

B. have been

C. have become

D. have made

13、—How long have you ____ here ?

—About two months . A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived

14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .

A. has begun

B. had begun

C. has been on

D. began

15、It _____ ten years since he left the army .

A. is

B. has

C. will

D. was

16、Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .

A.has gone

B. went

C.will go

D. has been

17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .

A. have been in

B. have been to

C. have gone to

D. have been

18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ______?

A. so they

B. don’t they

C. have they

D. haven’t they

19、______ has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he ______ to China?

A. How soon, comes

B. How often, got

C. How long, came

D. How far, arrived

20、His uncle ______ for more than 9 years.

A. has come here

B. has started to work

C. has lived there

D. has left the university

21.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _____ for 20 minutes.

A. has left

B. had left

C. has been away

D. had been away

22. I ______ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in

23.The factory ____ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was