45个介词基本用法(1)

5、against 基本含义：a-g-e“相对”
• 1、碰着、靠着：She was leaning against a tree. • 2、反对：We should fight against crimes. • 3、预防：Save money against a rainy day.未雨绸缪 • 固定搭配： • 1、go against 违反（故意违反某人的意志） • He chose to go against his family. • 2、be against • （1）违反（违反法律、制度） • It is against the law to hunt tigers. • (2)反对 Lincoln was strongly against slavery. • （3）不利于 What he said is against him.
6、around 基本含义：a-round”A在一个圆里面”（在一 定范围内）
• 1、在…周围:There are many bars around the towm. • 2、在附近、到处：I showed him around our campus. • 3、【adv】大约：
• There are around 1000 people watching the game.
4、after 基本含义：“A在B之后” （强调顺序）
• 1、在…之后 （时间顺序、空间顺序） • After dinner, they went out for a walk. • I should after him, but he still went on. • 2、照着…的样子 • Read the sentence after me, please. • The building is named after the famous hero. • 固定搭配： • 1、be after寻找/go after 追逐/run after 追求 • You should run after your own dream. • 2、after all不管怎样 （即：在任何事情之后都一样） • After all, he is your father. • 3、look after照顾
2、abovቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ 基本含义：a-b-over “A在B上方”
• 引申含义： • 1、在…上方:The sun rose above the horizon. • 2、数目大于…/重量超过…/价格（能力、地位）高于… • There is nothing in the store above 50 cents. • “He who comes after me is above me ,because he was before me” • 固定搭配： • 1、above all: 首先（强调重要性） • Above all, he was an outstanding mathematician. • 2、above all things: 最最… • What you need, above all things, is confidence. • 3、be above oneself: 兴高采烈=high spirit • When he heard the good news, he was above himself.
7、at 基本含义:“朝向一点”
• 1、小地点,或小时间点 • Usually, he is at his office in the morning. • I arrived at home at 7:00. • Knock at;look at;aim at;shoot at;arrive at… • 2、表示引发某种情绪或动作的原因 • He showed no sign of pleasure at seeing her. • Be surprised/excited at…
3、across 基本含义：a-grass “A走过一片草坪
• 引申含义： • 1、穿过：She walked across the road. • 2、在...对面: The bar is just across the street. • 3、交叉：He sat with his arms across his chest. • The two lines pass across each other at right angles. • 固定搭配： • 1、A come across B. A偶遇B。 • I came across Yu Minhong the other day. • 2、A ger sth across to B. A使某物被B了解。 • I want to get my theory across to all students.
8、before 基本含义：“在…之前“（时间、空间、顺序）
一、44个常见介词的基本 用法
• 介词短语=介词+名词 • 基本介词 +单名词 • 合成介词 +多名词 • 双介词 +名词性从句
1、about 基本含义：a-b-out “A在B外面”
• 1、在…周围：The kids are sitting about their teacher. • I like the necklace about her throat. • 2、环绕：The bird always flies about the forest. • I plan to travel about the world. • 3、关于：a book about English study • They are talking about the new film. • 4、[adv] 大约 • 固定搭配： • 1、How about...? • 2、something+adj+about X • 一些关于X的adj的事