小结定语从句的注意事项

小结定语从句的注意事项

1.用that不宜用which的情况

that和which指物，在定语从句中都可作主语或宾语，作宾语时，均可省略。通常情况下，可互换使用。但有时that和which却不宜互换。

（1）当先行词是不定代词all, little, few, much, something, anything, everything, nothing, none, some等时用that。

He did everything that he could to help us.他做了一切能做的事来帮助我们。

All that can be done has been done.一切能做的都已经做完了。（2）先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, the only, the every, the right, the last, few, just等修饰时用that。

All the things that we can do is to give you some advice.我们唯一能做的就是给你提供一些建议。

This is the very book that I want.这正是想要的书。

Music is the only thing that interests me.音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。

（3）先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰，或先行词本身就是序数词或形容词最高级时用that。

That’s the most expensive hotel that we should do now is to find a local guide.我们现在要做的第一件事就是找一个当地的向导。（4）当先行词既有人又有物时用that。

The guests spoke highly of the children and their performances that they saw at the Children’s Palace.客人们高度赞扬了这些孩子及他们在少年宫观看的孩子们的表演。

She described in her composition the people and places that interested her most.她在作文中描述了最让她感兴趣的一些人和地方。

（5）以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时用that。

Who is the person that is standing at the gate?站在门口的那个人是谁？Which of us that knows something about physics cannot join electric wires?我们中间懂物理的谁不会接电线？

2.用which不宜用that的情况

（1）关系代词前有介词且指物或事时用which。

The house in which I used to live has become a clothes shop.我过去住的房子现在变成了一家服装店。

The pen with which you are writing is Jeff’s.你正用来写字的那支笔是杰夫的。

（2）先行词本身就是that时用which。

What’s that which flashed in the sky just now?刚才天空中一闪而过的是什么东西？

I don’t like that which he did.我不喜欢他做的那件事。

3.用who不易用that的情况

（1）先行词是指人的不定代词时用who。

先行词是指人的不定代词，如one, anyone, no one, all, nobody,

anybody, none, those, people等，用who。

Those who have good manners will be respected.那些有礼貌的人会收到人们的尊重。

Anyone who wants to swim writes his name on a piece of paper.想去游泳的人把名字写在了一张纸上。

（2）词指人并含有较长的后置定语或在被分割的定语从句中时用who。

The professor is coming soon who will give us a talk on how to learn English.给我们作关于如何学英语讲座的教授快要来了。

The boy was crying hard who lost his way while looking for his mother.找妈妈时迷了路的那个小男孩正哭得厉害。