主旨归纳

university.
detail
B. Tom became a lawyer after his graduation from
College.
detail
C. Tom was an excellent student at Berlin university.
D. Tom received an excellent education.
Usual types:
主旨大意题主要考查考生在理解全文的基础上， 运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方 法对文章进行高度概括或总结的能力。多就文 章的主要内容、主题或标题、作者的写作目的 进行设问。常见的题干形式如下：
大意类： The main idea of the passage is ... What is the passage mainly about? 标题类： What's the best title / headline for the passage? The best title for the passage might be ... 作者意图类： What's the writer's purpose in writing the passage？ The author's purpose of writing this passage is …
fBre.sGhowiantger.aMroanuynodf tthheem Wdieodroldf .hunger and diseases. They
egCov.etTntohhtehaedWPtohoillriipvldepinIosen
IRsslaaownuddnus,sdtw..hFeinrealhlye
5
A couple of years ago, I took the family on a winter vacation to New York city to experience the holiday atmosphere. The longest lines that week weren’t in the hall of the Empire State building, at the Statue of Liberty ferry or any of New York's other landmarks, but in the square at Fifth avenue and 58 Street, where the crowd to get into FAO Schwarz (a toy store) snaked around the block.
Types of Paragraph Structures
Types The position of the topic Information words
At the beginning
for example……
At the end
so, therefore,……
In the middle
No clear topic sentence
cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it? (1.5分钟)
A. Smoking can cause cancer.
B. Smoking is a terrible killer.
C. Smoking is harmful to our health.
D. An experiment on smoking.
Have a try! How to get the main idea of a passage?
details
Paragraph ideas
Passage idea
[1] Magellan’s men were the first to make the trip around
the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.
2
Often no one looks more guilty than the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professional criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by
ground. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami,
Florida. (2分钟)
The main idea of this paragraph is that ______d. etail
A. Tom had studied at Paris and moved to another
in April 1521, Magellan was killed. His men fled
aDn.dMcaongteinlulaedn’tsheVirovyoayaggee.across the Indian Ocean. It was
with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good
Techniques and Skills
1、正向法：速读文章，找主题句或自己概括 主题，从选项中找出最符合的。 2、逆向法：假设题目中的选项为标题，其写 法是否与所给文章一致。 3、统计法：有些段落文章有多个句子段落， 各句段主题可能完全不同，此时应选择涉及 最多的选项。
Have a try! How to get the main idea of a paragraph?
1
Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smoker’s cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer,
his appearance. (1分钟)
What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Professional criminals look more innocent than others.
B. Don’t judge others by their appearance.
1、细节理解题 (questions of details) 2、词义猜测题 (words in context) 3、推理判断题 (questions of inference) 4、主旨归纳题 (main idea)
主旨归纳题
How to get the main idea?
Question forms:
The author wants to tell us _______ in this paragraph.
A. the distribution of people
B. the poor traffic conditions
C. the popularity of a toy store
D. the nice holiday atmosphere
3.主旨句一般是下定义，做一个判断，或陈述 一个观点。
How to tell the wrong choices?
1、以偏概全，故意片面地理解文章，把文章 中出现过的某一个观点当成整篇文章的主题。 2、放大或缩小文章的主题，把文章的主题进 行放大或者缩小。 3、偷换概念，把文章主题换成相关但不同的 主题。
What is topic, main idea of a passage or a paragraph?
1. 该主题是作者的观点（不是他人的观点， 不是描写、说明，也不一定是事实）。 2. 一个段落或一篇文章一般主题只能有一个， 其他内容都起说明、论证作用。段落中其它句 子或文章其它段落是用来解释、支撑或发展主 题句所表述的主题思想。
roteintaleechyfeeodarr.ththVeeisrPyapcoaifftisecnsOatchgeeeayn?c, oounldwnhoicthsetheeya
sailed piece
more than of land for
mAo.Mnthasgaenldlatnh’esy dseufafetrhed. greatly from the lack of food and
3
If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly draw your attention: “Color TV. Only $79. Two days sale. Hurry.” However, when you go to the store ready to buy. You may discover that they are sold out. But the shop assistant is quick to tell you that he has another model. A much better set which is “just right for you” It costs $395. This sales method is called “bait and switch”. Buyers are baited with a sales advertisement, and then they are switched to another more expensive one. (2.5 分钟)
decided to leave before his graduation. He trans-
Leabharlann Baidu
ferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with
honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston
College provided him with an excellent legal back-
The paragraph could be entitled _________.
A. Buying A TV Set (detail)
B. A Selling Method (Point)
C. Buyer Beware (detail)
D. TV Set on Sale (detail)
4
Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and
[2] Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King
of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships
aWndhi2c4h0 omfetnh. eAffteorllpoawssiningg dthoe ytriopuofthSionukthisAmtheericba,etshtey